Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Author: Shaykh Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb b. Isḥāq al-Kulaynī (d. 329 AH)

Translator: Shaykh Muhammad Sarwar

The Book of Jihad (Serving in the Army) 1. Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army 2. Jihad of Man and Woman 3. Kinds of Jihad (struggle) 4. To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply 5. Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam 6. Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place? 7. ‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam 8. The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions 9. Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity 10. Chapter 9(b) 11. Chapter 9(c) 12. Challenging the Enemy for a Fight 13. Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food 14. Calling to al-Islam before Fighting 15. Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘ Alayhi al-Salam, Recommended at the Time of War 16. Chapter 13(b) 17. It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone 18. Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy 19. Chapter 15(b) 20. Chapter 15(c) 21. The Slogan 22. The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests 23. Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief 24. The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property 25. Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom 26. Chapter 20(b) 27. Chapter 20(c) 28. Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil 29. Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart 30. Chapter 22(b) 31. The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures 32. It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure The Book of Commerce 1. Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam 2. The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism) 3. Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter 4. The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam 5. Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living 6. Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living 7. Meticulous Effort to Make a Living 8. Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources 9. The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work 10. Detestability of Laziness 11. One’s Working in His House 12. Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living 13. Hard Work for the Family 14. Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance 15. Saving for One’s Living Expenses 16. Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire 17. Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks 18. Buying and Selling Real Estate 19. Debts and Borrowing 20. Payment of Debts 21. To Retaliate and Offset for Debts 22. When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due 23. The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back 24. Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts 25. Etiquette of Asking for Payment 26. The Case of Delaying Due Payment 27. Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment 28. Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor 29. Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral 30. Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards 31. The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan 32. Selling Arms to al- Sultan 33. The Crafts (Technologies) 34. The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation 35. Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn 36. The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising 37. The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls) 38. The Legal Status of Income from Teaching 39. The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran 40. Gambling and Looting 41. Earning in Unlawful ways 42. Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . . 43. Consuming the Properties of Orphans 44. The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use 45. Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending 46. Safe Return of Trust 47. A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties 48. A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties 49. Found and Lost Properties 50. Gifts and Presents 51. Rule about Unlawful Interest 52. Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son 53. The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention 54. Etiquettes of Doing Business 55. Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books 56. Entering the Market Before Others 57. Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market 58. Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes 59. People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended 60. Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business 61. Cheating in Business 62. Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling 63. The Case of Prices of Goods 64. The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand 65. Another Chapter 66. Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food 67. Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements 68. Continuing Profitable Businesses 69. Permissibility or Otherwise of Approaching Merchandise Long Before Other Merchants 70. Stipulations and the Choice to Dissolve a Business Deal 71. Buying an Animal Which Produces Milk Which He Uses then Returns It 72. Dispute between Buyer and Seller 73. Buying and Selling Fruits 74. Buying and Selling Food 75. The Case of Change of Prices of Certain Merchandise before Delivery 76. Excellence of Using Measuring and Weighing Tools 77. Mixing of Foods of Various Kinds 78. Using Local Measuring Tools Is the only Valid Tools 79. Purchase of Food in Salam (Advance Payment) Manner 80. Exchange of One Kind of Food Items for another Kind 81. Exchange of Animals for Cloth or Other Items of Goods 82. Exchange of Various Goods for Other Items of Goods 83. Selling Goods by Numbers and Estimate and Unknown Items 84. Buying and Selling Goods 85. Selling for Capital with an Additional Certain Percentage Profit (Murabahah) or a Certain Amount of Profit with Mention of Percentage Ratio 86. Advance Payment in the Transaction of Goods 87. Selling an Item of Merchandise Which the Seller Does Not Yet Have in His Possession 88. Excellence of Excellent Merchandise to Sell 89. Merchandise Sold on Credit Is Purchased Back for Cash at a Lower Price Called (‘ Aynah ) 90. Merchandise Offered for Cash as Well as on Credit (Two Conditions in a Transaction) 91. Finding Defect in Merchandise after the Sale 92. Buying on Credit 93. Buying Slaves 94. Selling a Slave Who Owns Property 95. Buying Salves, Finding Defects, Returnable and Non-Returnable 96. Rare Ahadith 97. Separation of Slaves from their Relatives (Is Not Permissible) 98. If the Slave Asks his Master to Sell him or Stipulates to Give him Something 99. Advance Payment for Buying Slaves and Animals 100. Another Chapter on the Previous Subject 101. Milk, Wool and Ghee of Sheep Given for their Maintenance 102. Selling a Found Child and One Born Out of Wedlock 103. Comprehensive Heading on Goods That Are Lawful to Exchange in Transactions and Those Unlawful to Exchange 104. Buying Stolen Goods and Cheating 105. Buying Food from a People through Coercion 106. Finding the Merchandise after Delivery to Be of Different Quality 107. Selling Juice and Wine 108. Non-Refundable Deposit 109. Security Deposit ( Al-Rahn ) Mortgage 110. Disputes Arising From al-Rahn (Security Deposit, Mortgage) 111. Liability for Safe Deposit and Borrowing 112. Liability for Profit Sharing, Its Profit and Expenses ( Al-Mudarabah ) 113. Liability of Technician or Person with a Certain Skill 114. Liability of Carrier Animals and Owners of Ships 115. Currency Exchange 116. Another Chapter about the Previous Topic 117. Impure Dirhams (Certain Silver or Gold Coins) 118. Borrowing Dirhams (Coins) to Keep the Good ones Among them 119. Loan That Brings Profit 120. The Case of one Who Gives Dirhams to Receive them in another City 121. Journey in the Sea for Business 122. Having a Business Where one Lives Is a Good Fortune 123. Mutual Settlement 124. Excellence of Farming 125. Another Chapter on the Previous Subject 126. Words to Say at the Time of Plantation 127. Chapter 126(a) - Matters Permissible or Otherwise in Renting Land 128. Chapter 126(b) - Renting (Qabala) Land for Farming in Exchange for a Certain Percentage of Produce 129. Partnership in Farming with Taxpayers and Others and Conditions Between Them 130. Contracting Taxpayers’ Land and the Tax on their Person; Contracting Land from Al- Sultan and then Contracting it to Others 131. The Case of Tenant of Land Who Dies Before Expiration of Lease 132. One’s Renting a House or Land and His Renting to another Tenant for Higher Price 133. The Case of one Who Contracts for a Work for a Certain Amount and then Contracts with another Person for More 134. Selling Vegetables and So On 135. Selling Pastures 136. Selling Water for Agriculture and Preserving Extra Water of Valleys and Floods 137. Reviving Barren Land 138. Al-Shuf’ One’s Rights of Pre-emption 139. Buying Al-Kharaj Land From Al-Sultan When Owners Are Coerced 140. Using Labors of Al-‘Aluj (infidel) for Free 141. Brokerage and Brokerage Fees 142. Partnership with al-Dhimmiy (non-Muslim Tax payer) 143. Asking for Reduction of Price After Concluding a Deal 144. Estimating Produce of Plantation 145. Rent From Tenant and His Responsibilities 146. Detestability of Using the Labor of a Worker before Agreeing on Wages and Delay Payment of His Wages 147. Hiring an Animal and Using Beyond Limit 148. Renting a House or Ship 149. Causing Losses ( Dirar ) 150. Comprehensive Chapter on Limits of Rights 151. The Case of One Who Farms on Other’s Land 152. Rare Ahadith 153. Lending Without Witness 154. Rare Ahadith 155. Another Chapter about Previous Subject, Protection of Property and Detestability of Wasting 156. Liability for Animal’s Causing Losses 157. Another Chapter 158. A Slave Does Business Who Becomes Indebted 159. Rare Ahadith The Book of Marriage 1. Love of Women 2. Domination of Women 3. Kinds of Women 4. Best Kinds of Women 5. Worst Kinds of Women 6. Excellence of Women of Quraysh 7. Virtuous Women are Fortunate Chance for a Man 8. Encouragement to Get Married 9. The Detestability of Living Single 10. With Marriage Sustenance Increases 11. Hard Work for Marriage 12. Choosing a Wife 13. Excellence of Marriage with a Religious Spouse and the Detestability of Marriage for the Sake of Wealth 14. The Detestability of Marriage with Barren Women 15. Excellence of Virgins 16. Signs of Praiseworthiness of Women 17. Rare Ahadith 18. Allah, Most Blessed, Most High, Has Created for People Similarities 19. The Desirability of Marriage for Women at Puberty and Fortifying them with Marriage 20. Women’s Desire More Intense than Men’s 21. Believers Are Good Match of Believing Women 22. Another Chapter about the Previous Topic 23. Marriage of ‘Umm Kulthum 24. Another Chapter 25. Proper Match for Marriage 26. The Detestability of Marriage with a Drunkard 27. Marriage of Fanatic (Enemy of ‘A’immah) and Skeptics 28. Marriage with Kurds and Sudan 29. Marriage of one Born out of Wedlock 30. Detestability of Marriage with Dimwitted and Insane People 31. Fornicator Man and Women 32. Marriage after Conjugal Relations Out of Wedlock 33. Marriage with a Taxpayer Female 34. Marriage of a Free Man with a Slave 35. Marriage in the form of Al-Shighar 36. Marriage with a Woman and ‘Umm Walad of Her Father 37. Women Whom Allah, Most Majestic, Most Glorious, Made Lawful for Marriage 38. Kinds of Marriage 39. Looking at a Woman with Intention to Marry 40. Detestability of Marriage Ceremony at Certain Times 41. Matters Preferable to Do During the Night of Marriage 42. Serving Food in Marriage Ceremony 43. Marriage without Khutbah Speech before (Solemnizing) a Marriage 44. The Sermon for Marriage 45. The Sunnah about Mahr 46. Mahr of the Marriage of Amir Al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam 47. Amount of Mahr today is the Mutually Agreed Amount 48. Rare Ahadith about Mahr 49. The Effect of Conjugal Relation on Mahr 50. One’s Intention about Payment of Mahr 51. The Case of a Certain amount of Mahr for a Woman and a Payment to Her Father 52. A Woman offers Herself as a Gift to a Man 53. Dispute between Man, Woman and Her Family about Mahr 54. Marriage without Witness 55. Woman Lawful in Marriage for the Holy Prophet 56. Marriage Without Guardian 57. Fathers Permission for a Girl’s Marriage 58. A Man Wants to Marry one’s Daughter and the Father Intends to Give Her to Another Man 59. Two Guardians, Each Gives a Girl to a Different Man in Marriage 60. A Woman’s Attorney Gives Her in Marriage to a Man Other Than What She Wanted 61. Marriage of Minors Does Not Bring them Love 62. Age Limit of Conjugal Relations (Consult Fatwah about the contents of this chapter) 63. Father Marries a Woman and His Son Marries Her Daughter 64. Giving Children in Marriage and Arranging Marriage for Them 65. A Man Loves a Woman, His Parents Want Another Woman 66. Stipulations in Marriage: The Permissible and Impermissible ones 67. Cheating in Marriage 68. Cheating from Man’s Side in Marriage 69. Rare Ahadith 70. Marriage with Virginity Stipulation 71. Conjugal Relation without Paying Mahr 72. Working for Hire as Payment for Mahr 73. Death Before Consummation of Marriage 74. One’s Marriage with a Mother or Sister of a Woman after out of Wedlock Conjugal Relation With Her Or going to Bed with One’s Mother-in-Law Or Stepdaughter 75. The Case of Sinful Relation of a Man with a Boy and Marriage with His Daughter or Sister 76. Because of Marriage People Who Become Unlawful to Marry 77. Another Chapter and a Mention of the Wives of the Holy Prophet 78. A Marriage and Divorce or Death before or after the Consummation of Marriage then Marries Her Mother or Daughter 79. Marriage with a Woman Divorced Against the Sunnah 80. Marriage with a Woman and Her Maternal or Paternal Aunt 81. Legalizing a Divorced Woman to Her Husband 82. Women who Become Unlawful for Marriage Forever 83. The Case of Four Wives and Divorcing one to Marry another before the end of the ‘Iddah (waiting period) or Marries Five Women at one Time 84. Marriage with Two Sisters at the Same Time: Free or Slave-girls 85. About the Words of Allah, Most Majestic, Most Glorious, ‘You must not Make Secret Dates . . . 86. Marriage with Taxpayers and Pagans of Whom Certain Ones Become Muslims and other do not Become Muslims or all of them Become Muslims 87. Breastfeeding 88. Limits of Breastfeeding to Take Effect 89. Meaning of Milk from Impregnating Agent (the Father) 90. After Weaning Breastfeeding does not have any Effect 91. Rare Ahadith 92. Another Chapter About the Previous Subject 93. Marriage with Nurse ( al-Qabilah ) 94. Al-Mut‘ah (Advantageous Marriage) 95. Such Wives Are Like Slave-girls, Not Like any of Four Wives 96. It ( Mut‘ah ) Must Not Be Practiced if Not Urgently Needed 97. Al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) Is Not Permissible With Non-Chaste Women 98. Conditions of al-Mut‘ah (Advantageous Marriage) 99. The Need to Mention Conditions after Nikah 100. Mahr (dower) in this form of Marriage, al-Mut‘ah 101. Waiting Period in al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) 102. Addition in Time 103. Permissible Time Length 104. Al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage) Several Times with one Woman 105. Withholding Mahr in the Case of Her Violation 106. Her Statement about Her is Considered True 107. Virgins 108. Marriage with Slave Girls 109. Child Conceived 110. Inheritance 111. Rare Ahadith 112. Legalizing one’s slave-girl for His Brother in Belief or Husband 113. Conjugal Relation with the Slave-girl of one’s Son 114. Quarantine of a Slave-girl 115. The Captives 116. The Case of one’s Buying a Pregnant Slave-girl 117. A Man’s Freeing His Slave-girl Then Designate Her Freedom as her mahr (dower) 118. Woman Lawful for Slaves in Marriage 119. Slave’s Marriage without the Permission of the Master 120. Slave-girl’s Marriage without the Permission of the Master 121. Chapter 121- Marriage of Slave-girl and Slave Man 122. A man’s Giving his Slave-girl in Marriage to his Slave then Expresses His own Desire for Her 123. Marriage of Half Slave Half Free Person 124. Buying a Slave Girl Married to a Free Husband or a Slave 125. The Case of a Woman Whose Husband is a Slave Whom She inherits or Buys Him then Her husband becomes Her Slave 126. A Woman Whose Husband is a Slave then She Inherits him then Frees him then agrees to Marry Him 127. The Case of a Slave-girl Married to a Slave Who is then Freed or Both are freed 128. A Slave with a Free Wife and Is Set Free 129. The Case of Buying a Pregnant Slave-girl . . . 130. One’ Conjugal Relation and then another’s Conjugal Relation with a Slave Girl in the Same Menses Period . . . 131. Impregnating a Slave-girl and Accusations . . . 132. Rare Ahadith 133. Another Chapter about the previous Subject 134. A Slave Girl’s Conjugal Relation with Several Men in the Same Menses Period 135. A Man Goes to Bed with His Slave-girl then Sells Her then She Gives Birth Before Six Months and the Case of a Man Who Sells a Slave-girl Without Quarantine then Her pregnancy Appears after being Touched by the other Man 136. The Child of Whose one Parent is a Slave and one is Free 137. A Woman’s Marriage with Her Slave 138. Women Are Similar 139. Detestability of Celibacy 140. Rare Ahadith 141. Detestability of Conjugal Relation in Certain Times 142. Detestability of Conjugal Relation in a Room with a Child 143. Words to Say during Conjugal Relation 144. Word to Say during Going to Bed with One’s Wife 145. Contraception 146. Egocentricity, Pride or Jealousy of Women 147. Love of Women for their Husbands 148. The Rights of Husband on His Wife 149. Detestability for Women to Stop their Husband 150. Detestability for Woman Ignoring Makeup 151. Treating One’s Wife with Honor 152. The Right of Wife on Husband 153. Cordiality with Wife 154. Necessary Obedience to Husband 155. Lack of Virtue in Woman 156. Disciplinants for Women 157. Disobedience to Women 158. Keeping Secrets 159. Detestable Matters for Women 160. Lawful Instances of Looking at Women 161. Rules for Women 162. Man without Sense of Conjugal Relation 163. Looking at Taxpayers’ Women 164. Looking at Nomads and Bedouins 165. Head Scarf for Slaves ‘Umm Awlad (mother of children) 166. Shaking Hands with Women 167. The Holy Prophet’s Forming Allegiance with Women 168. Entering in the Chambers of Women 169. Another Chapter about the Previous Subject 170. Lawful Looks of Master and Slave 171. Castrated People 172. The Time for Compulsory Head Scarf 173. The Age When It Is Lawful to Kiss a Girl 174. Another Chapter About the Previous Subject 175. Treating a Female Patient 176. Offering Greeting of Peace to Women 177. Gheera (Vigilant Protectionism) 178. No Vigilance and Protectionism against Lawful Matters 179. Women’s’ Attending ‘Id 180. Lawful Matters for a Husband during His Wife’s Menses 181. Conjugal Relations During Her Menses Before Ghusl 182. Anal of Women 183. Masturbation and Conjugal Relation with Animals 184. Fornication 185. Female fornicator 186. Male Homosexuality 187. One Who Allows Sexual Intercourse in His Anus 188. Lesbianism 189. Protecting Others’ Privacy Is One’s Own Protection of Privacy 190. Rare Ahadith 191. Explanation of Lawful and Unlawful Matters in Marriage, Indecency and Fornication 192. Another Chapter About the Previous Subject