Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَسْتَأْجِرُ الرَّجُلَ بِأُجْرَةٍ مَعْلُومَةٍ فَيَبْعَثُهُ فِي ضَيْعَةٍ فَيُعْطِيهِ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ دَرَاهِمَ وَيَقُولُ اشْتَرِ بِهَذَا كَذَا وَكَذَا وَمَا رَبِحْتَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَذِنَ لَهُ الَّذِي اسْتَأْجَرَهُ فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ.

1. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a man who hires a man for a certain amount of wages and sends him to work; but he gives dirhams to another man and asks him, ‘Buy such and such things; we will share the profit.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If the one who has hired gives permission, it is not unlawful.’” 

2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ اسْتَأْجَرَ رَجُلا بِنَفَقَةٍ وَدَرَاهِمَ مُسَمَّاةٍ عَلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَهُ إِلَى أَرْضٍ فَلَمَّا أَنْ قَدِمَ أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ الشَّهْرَ وَالشَّهْرَيْنِ فَيُصِيبُ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُغْنِيهِ عَنْ نَفَقَةِ الْمُسْتَأْجِرِ فَنَظَرَ الأجِيرُ إِلَى مَا كَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ فِي الشَّهْرِ إِذَا هُوَ لَمْ يَدْعُهُ فَكَافَأَهُ الَّذِي يَدْعُوهُ فَمِنْ مَالِ مَنْ تِلْكَ الْمُكَافَأَةُ أَمِنْ مَالِ الأجِيرِ أَوْ مِنْ مَالِ الْمُسْتَأْجِرِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي مَصْلَحَةِ الْمُسْتَأْجِرِ فَهُوَ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَإِلا فَهُوَ عَلَى الأجِيرِ وَعَنْ رَجُلٍ اسْتَأْجَرَ رَجُلا بِنَفَقَةٍ مُسَمَّاةٍ وَلَمْ يُفَسِّرْ شَيْئاً عَلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَهُ إِلَى أَرْضٍ أُخْرَى فَمَا كَانَ مِنْ مَئُونَةِ الأجِيرِ مِنْ غَسْلِ الثِّيَابِ وَالْحَمَّامِ فَعَلَى مَنْ قَالَ عَلَى الْمُسْتَأْجِرِ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-‘Abbas ibn Musa from Yunus from Sulayman ibn Salim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who hires another man for a certain amount of wages and dirham to send him to a certain land. When he arrives in that land one of his friends invites him with who he stays for one or two months where he does not need to spend from the supplies of his employer. After calculating he finds out that the amount his employer had provided is not enough and that his expenses have been taken care of by the resources of his friend; if the shortages in his expenses is the responsibility of the employee or the employer. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is on the employer if it serves his interests, but if it does not serve his interest then it is on the employee.’ I then asked about the case of a man who hired another man for a certain amount of wages and did not explain anything about his sending him (the employee) to another land, and then whose responsibility was his expenses such as washing clothes and bathing? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the responsibility of the employer.’” 

3- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَأْتِي الرَّجُلَ فَيَقُولُ اكْتُبْ لِي بِدَرَاهِمَ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ آخُذُ مِنْكَ وَأَكْتُبُ لَكَ [بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ] قَالَ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اسْتَأْجَرَ مَمْلُوكاً فَقَالَ الْمَمْلُوكُ أَرْضِ مَوْلايَ بِمَا شِئْتَ وَلِي عَلَيْكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا دَرَاهِمَ مُسَمَّاةً فَهَلْ يَلْزَمُ الْمُسْتَأْجِرَ وَهَلْ يَحِلُّ لِلْمَمْلُوكِ قَالَ لا يَلْزَمُ الْمُسْتَأْجِرَ وَلا يَحِلُّ لِلْمُلُوكِ. 

3. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ali ibn ‘Isma’il ibn ‘Ammar from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who comes to another man and says, ‘Write for me for a few dirham.’ He says, ‘I take from you and write (in your presence).’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’ I then asked about a man who hires a slave who says, ‘Make my master agree for whatever amount you like but so and so much dirham will be for me’, if this becomes binding upon the employer and if it is lawful for the slave. He (the Imam) said, ‘It does not become binding upon the employer and it is not lawful for the slave.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 2, Chapter 145