Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ جَرَّاحٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لِيَسْتَأْذِنِ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنْكُمْ ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ كَمَا أَمَرَكُمُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَمَنْ بَلَغَ الْحُلُمَ فَلا يَلِجُ عَلَى أُمِّهِ وَلا عَلَى أُخْتِهِ وَلا عَلَى خَالَتِهِ وَلا عَلَى سِوَى ذَلِكَ إِلا بِإِذْنٍ فَلا تَأْذَنُوا حَتَّى يُسَلِّمَ وَالسَّلامُ طَاعَةٌ للهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لِيَسْتَأْذِنْ عَلَيْكَ خَادِمُكَ إِذَا بَلَغَ الْحُلُمَ فِي ثَلاثِ عَوْرَاتٍ إِذَا دَخَلَ فِي شَيْ‏ءٍ مِنْهُنَّ وَلَوْ كَانَ بَيْتُهُ فِي بَيْتِكَ قَالَ وَلْيَسْتَأْذِنْ عَلَيْكَ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ الَّتِي تُسَمَّى الْعَتَمَةَ وَحِينَ تُصْبِحُ وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُمْ مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِذَلِكَ لِلْخَلْوَةِ فَإِنَّهَا سَاعَةُ غِرَّةٍ وَخَلْوَةٍ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id all from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from al-Qasim ibn Sulayman from Jarrah al- Mada’iniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Your slaves and those of you who have not yet gained feeling of carnal desires must ask for your permission three times as Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has commanded. Those who have gained feeling of carnal desire must not enter the place of his mother, sister and maternal aunt or others without permission and you must not give permission unless he offers you Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) in obedience to Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious.’ He (the narrator) has said that abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘Your servants who have gained feeling of carnal desires must ask you for permission during three times of privacy if they come to you in such times even if their home is the same as your home.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They must ask you for permission after al-‘Isha’ called al-‘Atmah, in the morning and at noontime when you undress. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has commanded as such because of privacy and at these times one is unaware and in retreat.’” 

2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمانُكُمْ قَالَ هِيَ خَاصَّةٌ فِي الرِّجَالِ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ قُلْتُ فَالنِّسَاءُ يَسْتَأْذِنَّ فِي هَذِهِ الثَّلاثِ سَاعَاتٍ قَالَ لا وَ لَكِنْ يَدْخُلْنَ وَيَخْرُجْنَ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ قَالَ عَلَيْكُمُ اسْتِئْذَانٌ كَاسْتِئْذَانِ مَنْ قَدْ بَلَغَ فِي هَذِهِ الثَّلاثِ سَاعَاتٍ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from abu Jamilah from Muhammad al-Halabiy from Zurarah who has said the following: “This is about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . those whom your right hands possess’ (24:58) abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is just for men and not for women.’ I then asked, ‘Is it then necessary for women to ask permission in such hours?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, they can come and go.’ About, ‘. . . those who have not gained feeling of carnal desire,’ (24:58) he (the Imam) said, ‘It is a reference to yourselves (free people).’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You must ask for permission, like those who have become mature, during the three hours.’” 

3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لِيَسْتَأْذِنْكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنْكُمْ ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ مِنْ قَبْلِ صَلاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُمْ مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَمِنْ بَعْدِ صَلاةِ الْعِشَاءِ ثَلاثُ عَوْرَاتٍ لَكُمْ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلا عَلَيْهِمْ جُنَاحٌ بَعْدَهُنَّ طَوَّافُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَنْ بَلَغَ الْحُلُمَ مِنْكُمْ فَلا يَلِجُ عَلَى أُمِّهِ وَلا عَلَى أُخْتِهِ وَلا عَلَى ابْنَتِهِ وَلا عَلَى مَنْ سِوَى ذَلِكَ إِلا بِإِذْنٍ وَلا يَأْذَنْ لأحَدٍ حَتَّى يُسَلِّمَ فَإِنَّ السَّلامَ طَاعَةُ الرَّحْمَنِ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah all from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yusuf ibn ‘Aqil from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Those whom your right hands possess and who have not gained feeling of carnal desires must ask permission from you three times: before the morning Salat (prayer), at noontime when you undress and after Salat (prayer) of al-‘Isha’ which are three times of privacy and thereafter it is not unlawful for you and for them to come and go and move around each other. Those of you who have gained feeling of carnal desire must not enter in the place of your mother, sister, daughter and others without permission and you must not give permission unless he offers you Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) because it is obedience to the Beneficent.’” 

4- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِيَسْتَأْذِنْكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمانُكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنْكُمْ ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قِيلَ مَنْ هُمْ فَقَالَ هُمُ الْمَمْلُوكُونَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا يَسْتَأْذِنُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ عِنْدَ هَذِهِ الثَّلاثِ الْعَوْرَاتِ مِنْ بَعْدِ صَلاةِ الْعِشَاءِ وَهِيَ الْعَتَمَةُ وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُمْ مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَمِنْ قَبْلِ صَلاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَيَدْخُلُ مَمْلُوكُكُمْ [وَغِلْمَانُكُمْ] مِنْ بَعْدِ هَذِهِ الثَّلاثِ عَوْرَاتٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ إِنْ شَاءُوا. 

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father from Khalaf ibn Hammad from Rib’iy ibn ‘Abd Allah from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘O believers, those whom your right hands possess and those who have not yet gained feeling of carnal desire must ask permission from you three times’, (24:58) abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.); and in answer to a question about who such people are has said, ‘They are male and female slaves and the children who are not yet mature. They must ask permission from you during the three hours of privacy; after Salat (prayer) of al-‘Isha’ which is al-‘Atmah, when you undress at noon time and before the morning Salat (prayer). After the three privacy times, your slaves and children can come and go without permission if they wanted.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 3, Chapter 169