Al-Kāfi - Volume 5


Book 3, Chapter 52

A Woman offers Herself as a Gift to a Man
5 Aḥadīth

1- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (a.s) عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ تَهَبُ نَفْسَهَا لِلرَّجُلِ يَنْكِحُهَا بِغَيْرِ مَهْرٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ هَذَا لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَمَّا لِغَيْرِهِ فَلا يَصْلُحُ هَذَا حَتَّى يُعَوِّضَهَا شَيْئاً يُقَدِّمُ إِلَيْهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ وَلَوْ ثَوْبٌ أَوْ دِرْهَمٌ وَقَالَ يُجْزِئُ الدِّرْهَمُ.


1. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn Sinan all from ibn Muskan from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), about the case of a woman who gives herself as a gift to a man for marriage. He (the Imam) said, ‘This was only for the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, but for others it is not proper without something in exchange before going to bed with her; a small or large amount even a cloth or dirham.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Dirham is enough.’”

2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (a.s) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَامْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَها لِلنَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ لا تَحِلُّ الْهِبَةُ إِلا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَمَّا غَيْرُهُ فَلا يَصْلُحُ نِكَاحٌ إِلا بِمَهْرٍ.


2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Dawud ibn Sarhan from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘A believing woman who gifts herself to the Holy Prophet. . . .’ (33:50) He (the Imam) said that such gift is not lawful except for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, In the case of other people marriage without mahr (dower) is not proper.’”

3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (a.s) قَالَ لا تَحِلُّ الْهِبَةُ إِلا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَمَّا غَيْرُهُ فَلا يَصْلُحُ نِكَاحٌ إِلا بِمَهْرٍ.


3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), has said, ‘(A woman’s) gifting herself is not lawful except to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and in other people’s case, marriage is not proper without mahr (dower).”’

4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (a.s) فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِرَجُلٍ أَوْ وَهَبَهَا لَهُ وَلِيُّهَا فَقَالَ لا إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَيْسَ لِغَيْرِهِ إِلا أَنْ يُعَوِّضَهَا شَيْئاً قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ.


4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from certain persons of his people from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “About the case of a woman who gifts herself or her guardian gifts her to a man, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), has said, ‘No, it was only for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and not for others unless it is in exchange for something, little or more.’”

5- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (a.s) فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ إِنْ عَوَّضَهَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مُسْتَقِيماً.


5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from abu al-Qasim al-Kufiy from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from a man who has said the following: “About the case of a woman who gifts herself to a Muslim man, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), has said, ‘If it is in exchange for something it then is correct.’”