Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّطْبَةِ تُبَاعُ قِطْعَةً أَوْ قِطْعَتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاثَ قِطَعَاتٍ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ قَالَ وَأَكْثَرْتُ السُّؤَالَ عَنْ أَشْبَاهِ هَذِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ اسْتِحْيَاءً مِنْ كَثْرَةِ مَا سَأَلْتُهُ وَقَوْلِهِ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِنَّ مَنْ يَلِينَا يُفْسِدُونَ عَلَيْنَا هَذَا كُلَّهُ فَقَالَ أَظُنُّهُمْ سَمِعُوا حَدِيثَ رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي النَّخْلِ ثُمَّ حَالَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ رَجُلٌ فَسَكَتَ فَأَمَرْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي النَّخْلِ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَسَمِعَ ضَوْضَاءً فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا فَقِيلَ لَهُ تَبَايَعَ النَّاسُ بِالنَّخْلِ فَقَعَدَ النَّخْلُ الْعَامَ فَقَالَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَمَّا إِذَا فَعَلُوا فَلا يَشْتَرُوا النَّخْلَ الْعَامَ حَتَّى يَطْلُعَ فِيهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهُ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hajjal from Tha’labah from Burayd who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far. ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about al-Ratbah (a grass, cattle feed) which is sold in the form of one, two or three crops. He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it.’ I asked many such questions and every time he (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it. 5 I then said, ‘May Allah keep you well’ - because of feeling shy due to my numerous questions and his words, ‘There is no offense in it’- those nearby may spoil for us all of this. He (the Imam) said, ‘I think they have heard the Hadith of the Messenger of Allah about palm trees.’ At this time someone caused an interruption and I remained quiet. I then asked Muhammad ibn Muslim to ask abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the words of the Messenger of Allah in regard to palm trees. Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once came out and heard a great deal of noise. He (the Messenger of Allah) asked about it. It was said to him, “People buy fruits of the coming year of palm trees in exchange for dates.” The Messenger of Allah said, “If they do so they must buy the fruits of the coming year when something of such fruits appears, and they must not make it unlawful.’”” 

2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ شِرَاءِ النَّخْلِ وَالْكَرْمِ وَالثِّمَارِ ثَلاثَ سِنِينَ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ يَقُولُ إِنْ لَمْ يُخْرِجْ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ أَخْرَجَ فِي قَابِلٍ وَإِنِ اشْتَرَيْتَهُ فِي سَنَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَلا تَشْتَرِهِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ فَإِنِ اشْتَرَيْتَهُ ثَلاثَ سِنِينَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَ فَلا بَأْسَ وَسُئِلَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الثَّمَرَةَ الْمُسَمَّاةَ مِنْ أَرْضٍ فَهَلَكَ ثَمَرَةُ تِلْكَ الأرْضِ كُلُّهَا فَقَالَ قَدِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَكَانُوا يَذْكُرُونَ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ لا يَدَعُونَ الْخُصُومَةَ نَهَاهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْبَيْعِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ الثَّمَرَةُ وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهُ وَلَكِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَجْلِ خُصُومَتِهِمْ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Someone once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about buying dates, grapes and fruits of three or four years. He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it. He (the buyer) can say, “If fruits will not grow this year they will do so next year.” If you buy the fruits of one year only then you must not do so until they are ripe. If you buy them before three years there is no offense in it if the deal takes place before they are ripe.’ Someone asked about buying a certain fruit of a certain land but the fruit of all of that land is ruined. He (the Imam) said, ‘There was dispute about it and it was brought before the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and they kept speaking about it. When he found out that they do not stop disputing, he prohibited them from such transactions until ripening of fruits and did not make it unlawful. However, he did so because of their disputes.’” 

3- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) هَلْ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ النَّخْلِ إِذَا حَمَلَ فَقَالَ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهُ حَتَّى يَزْهُوَ فَقُلْتُ وَمَا الزَّهْوُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ يَحْمَرُّ وَيَصْفَرُّ وَشِبْهُ ذَلِكَ.

3. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn al-Washsha’ who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), ‘Is buying dates permissible when they are formed?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is permissible when they Yazhu.’ I then asked, ‘What is Yazhu?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is when they turn red, yellow and so on.’” 

4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِنَّ لِي نَخْلا بِالْبَصْرَةِ فَأَبِيعُهُ وَأُسَمِّي الثَّمَنَ وَأَسْتَثْنِي الْكُرَّ مِنَ التَّمْرِ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ أَوِ الْعِذْقَ مِنَ النَّخْلِ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ بَيْعُ السَّنَتَيْنِ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ ذَا عِنْدَنَا عَظِيمٌ قَالَ أَمَّا إِنَّكَ إِنْ قُلْتَ ذَاكَ لَقَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَحَلَّ ذَلِكَ فَتَظَالَمُوا فَقَالَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لا تُبَاعُ الثَّمَرَةُ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلاحُهَا.

4. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Rib’iy who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I have palm tree fruits in Basrah. I sell them for a certain price excluding one Kur (a certain measurement) of the dates or more or the cluster of dates.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what do you say about selling for two years?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no offense in it.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, this is great among us.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘As you mentioned it, the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had made it permissible but they wronged each other. He (a.s.), then said, ‘You must not buy it until fruits appear and are out of danger.”’ 

5- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِذَا كَانَ الْحَائِطُ فِيهِ ثِمَارٌ مُخْتَلِفَةٌ فَأَدْرَكَ بَعْضُهَا فَلا بَأْسَ بِبَيْعِهَا جَمِيعاً.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Safwan from Ya’qub ibn Shu’ayb who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If inside the walls there are different fruits and certain kinds are ripe, then there is no offense in buying all of it.’” 

6- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُدْرِكَ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي تِلْكَ الأرْضِ بَيْعٌ لَهُ غَلَّةٌ قَدْ أَدْرَكَتْ فَبَيْعُ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ حَلالٌ.

6. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama’ah from more than one person from ‘Isma’il ibn al-Fadl who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) about selling fruits. ‘Is it permissible to buy fruits before they are formed?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘If in that area such deals are made and they are profitable which is achieved then there is no offense in such transaction.’” 

7- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرَةِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ طَلْعُهَا فَقَالَ لا إِلا أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً غَيْرَهَا رَطْبَةً أَوْ بَقْلا فَيَقُولَ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذِهِ الرُّطْبَةَ وَهَذَا النَّخْلَ وَهَذَا الشَّجَرَ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَخْرُجِ الثَّمَرَةُ كَانَ رَأْسُ مَالِ الْمُشْتَرِي فِي الرُّطْبَةِ وَالْبَقْلِ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ وَرَقِ الشَّجَرِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهُ ثَلاثَ خَرَطَاتٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ خَرَطَاتٍ فَقَالَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْوَرَقَ فِي شَجَرَةٍ فَاشْتَرِ فِيهِ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ خَرْطَةٍ.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ’Isa from Sama’ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) about selling fruits. ‘Is it permissible to buy fruits before they are formed?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘No, it is not permissible unless something else alongside is also purchased, like animal feed or vegetables when the buyer says, ‘I buy this much animal feed and dates from you and this tree in exchange for so and so prices.’ In case, if no fruits appeared the buyers’ capital remains with animal feed or vegetables.’ I then asked him (the Imam) about buying tree leaves. Is it permissible to buy them in three or four kharatat (crops)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If you can see leaves on the tree you can buy it for whatever number of cropping you may like.’” 

8- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى بُسْتَاناً فِيهِ نَخْلٌ وَشَجَرٌ مِنْهُ مَا قَدْ أَطْعَمَ وَمِنْهُ مَا لَمْ يُطْعِمْ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ فِيهِ مَا قَدْ أَطْعَمَ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى بُسْتَاناً فِيهِ نَخْلٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِ غَيْرُ بُسْرٍ أَخْضَرَ فَقَالَ لا حَتَّى يَزْهُوَ قُلْتُ وَمَا الزَّهْوُ قَالَ حَتَّى يَتَلَوَّنَ.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Jawhariy from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys a garden with palm trees and trees in it of which certain ones have become edible and others are not edible yet. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful when there are edible ones.’ I then asked him (the Imam) about the case of a man who buys a garden with palm trees in it which does not have anything yet except green dates. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, until they Yazhu.’ I then asked, ‘What is yazhu?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is when their color changes.’” 

9- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَقُلْتُ لَهُ أُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ لَهُ الثَّمَرَةُ عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً عَلَى أَنِّي أَقُولُ لَهُ إِذَا قَامَتْ ثَمَرَتُكَ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ فَهِيَ لِي بِذَلِكَ الثَّمَنِ إِنْ رَضِيتَ أَخَذْتُ وَإِنْ كَرِهْتَ تَرَكْتُ فَقَالَ مَا تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ وَلا تَشْتَرِطَ شَيْئاً قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لا يُسَمِّي شَيْئاً وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لا يَصْلُحُ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ [ذَلِكَ].

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ya’qub ibn Shu’ayb who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man whom I gave twenty dinar for his fruits saying that when your fruits become fruits these dinars are payments, if then I will like I will take the fruits, and if I will not like I will not take them. He (the Imam) said, ‘You cannot give him or stipulate for anything.’ I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, he does not say anything and Allah knows his intention.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not valid if it is in his intention (the merchandise must exist).”’ 

10- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ لآخَرَ بِعْنِي ثَمَرَةَ نَخْلِكَ هَذَا الَّذِي فِيهَا بِقَفِيزَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ يُسَمِّي مَا شَاءَ فَبَاعَهُ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَقَالَ التَّمْرُ وَالْبُسْرُ مِنْ نَخْلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَأَمَّا أَنْ يَخْلِطَ التَّمْرَ الْعَتِيقَ أَوِ الْبُسْرَ فَلا يَصْلُحُ وَالزَّبِيبُ وَالْعِنَبُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ.

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is about the case of a man who says to another man, ‘Sell to me fruits of your palm tree for two Qafiz (a certain measurement) of dates or less or more...’ specifying the amount as he likes and he sells it. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful. 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘Dates and half ripe dates of a palm tree are the same and it is not harmful. Mixing old dates and half ripe fresh dates is not valid and so also is true for raisins and grapes.’” 

11- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ سَنَتَيْنِ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ قُلْتُ فَالرُّطْبَةُ يَبِيعُهَا هَذِهِ الْجِزَّةَ وَكَذَا وَكَذَا جِزَّةً بَعْدَهَا قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَدْ كَانَ أَبِي يَبِيعُ الْحِنَّاءَ كَذَا وَكَذَا خَرْطَةً.

11. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Mu‘awiyah ibn Muyassir who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about selling palm trees for two years. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ I then asked if fresh dates can be sold in the form of one or several pickings fresh from the trees each time they ripen. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘My father would sell the plant of henna in the manner of several harvests.’” 

12- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاءِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَنْ بَاعَ نَخْلا قَدْ لَقِحَ فَالثَّمَرَةُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِذَلِكَ.

12. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Yahya ibn abu al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one sells palm trees which are pollinated, the fruit then belongs to the seller unless the buyer has stipulated otherwise. This is how the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, judged a case.’” 

13- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي شِرَاءِ الثَّمَرَةِ قَالَ إِذَا سَاوَتْ شَيْئاً فَلا بَأْسَ بِشِرَائِهَا.

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “About the case of buying fruits, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When it becomes something buying it is not harmful.’” 

14- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ بَاعَ نَخْلا قَدْ أَبَّرَهُ فَثَمَرَتُهُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه).

14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘If one sells palm trees which he has pollinated, its dates belong to the seller unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. Ali (a.s.), then said that this is how the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, judged a case.’” 

15- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ قَالَ تَفْسِيرُ قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) لا يَبِيعَنَّ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ أَنَّ الْفَوَاكِهَ وَجَمِيعَ أَصْنَافِ الْغَلاتِ إِذَا حُمِلَتْ مِنَ الْقُرَى إِلَى السُّوقِ فَلا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَبِيعَ أَهْلُ السُّوقِ لَهُمْ مِنَ النَّاسِ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ حَامِلُوهُ مِنَ الْقُرَى وَالسَّوَادِ فَأَمَّا مَنْ يَحْمِلُ مِنْ مَدِينَةٍ إِلَى مَدِينَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَجُوزُ وَيَجْرِي مَجْرَى التِّجَارَةِ.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma’il ibn Marrar from Yunus who has said the following: “The explanation of the words of the Holy Prophet, ‘People of the city must not sell to the people of countryside’ is that fruits and all kinds of grains which are transported from countryside to the market place, it (their sale) then is not permissible for the people of the market place to buy such items from them to sell to the people. The transporting ones from the countryside and wilderness must sell them. However, those who transport such items from one city to another city can sell them because it is like trading.’” 

16- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ بِعْتُ رَجُلا نَخْلا كَذَا وَكَذَا نَخْلَةً بِكَذَا وَكَذَا دِرْهَماً وَالنَّخْلُ فِيهِ ثَمَرٌ فَانْطَلَقَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنِّي فَبَاعَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ بِرِبْحٍ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ نَقَدَنِي وَلا قَبَضَهُ مِنِّي قَالَ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ كَانَ ضَمِنَ لَكَ الثَّمَنَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَالرِّبْحُ لَهُ.

16. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Ibrahim al-Karkhiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that I had sold palm trees each for such and such number of dirham. The palm trees had fruits on them. The buyer then sold them to another man for a certain amount of profit but he had not paid me anything and had not received any delivery from me. He (the Imam) said, Tt is not harmful. Had he not taken responsibility for payment? 5 I replied, ‘Yes, he had done so. He (the Imam) said, ‘The profit then belongs to him. 5 ” 

17- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ هِلالٍ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنَّ ثَمَرَ النَّخْلِ لِلَّذِي أَبَّرَهَا إِلا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ.

17. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Hilal from ‘Uqbah ibn Khalid who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had judged that the fruits of the palm trees pollinated belong to the seller unless the buyer stipulates otherwise.”’ 

18- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْكَرْمِ مَتَى يَحِلُّ بَيْعُهُ قَالَ إِذَا عَقَدَ وَصَارَ عُرُوقاً. 

18. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar ibn Musa who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about vines when it is permissible to sell them. He (the Imam) said, Tt is permissible when they form into vines.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 2, Chapter 73