Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَظْلِمَتِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn abu Najran from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If one is murdered over his stolen property he is a martyr.’” 

2- وَبِهَذَا الإسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَظْلِمَتِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا مَرْيَمَ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا دُونَ مَظْلِمَتِهِ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الرَّجُلُ يُقْتَلُ دُونَ أَهْلِهِ وَدُونَ مَالِهِ وَأَشْبَاهِ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا مَرْيَمَ إِنَّ مِنَ الْفِقْهِ عِرْفَانَ الْحَقِّ.

2. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from abu Maryam from Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah (saww) has said, ‘If one is murdered over his stolen property he is a martyr.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘O Abu Maryam, do you know what is ‘murdered over his stolen property’? I replied, ‘I pray to Allah to keep me in the service of your cause, it is when a man is murdered defending his family, property and similar things.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is of fiqh (proper understanding) to know the truth.’” 

3- عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاءِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقَاتِلُ دُونَ مَالِهِ فَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَالِهِ فَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الشَّهِيدِ قُلْتُ أَيُقَاتِلُ أَفْضَلُ أَوْ لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ قَالَ أَمَّا أَنَا لَوْ كُنْتُ لَمْ أُقَاتِلْ وَتَرَكْتُهُ.

3. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Al-Husayn ibn abu al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who fights to defend his property. He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, “If one is murdered when defending his property he is like a martyr.’” I then asked, ‘Is fighting better or not fighting?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Were it to happen to me I would not fight but leave him alone.’” 

4- عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَرْطَاةَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ الأسَدِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) قَالَ مَنِ اعْتُدِيَ عَلَيْهِ فِي صَدَقَةِ مَالِهِ فَقَاتَلَ فَقُتِلَ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ.

4. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Ahmad from al-Washsha’ from Safwan ibn Yahya from Artat ibn Habib al-Asadiy from a man from Ali ibn Al-Husayn (a.s.), , who has said the following: “If one is subjected to transgression over the charity of his property and he fights back and is murdered he is a martyr.” 

5- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ فِي السَّفَرِ وَمَعَهُ جَارِيَةٌ لَهُ فَيَجِي‏ءُ قَوْمٌ يُرِيدُونَ أَخْذَ جَارِيَتِهِ أَيَمْنَعُ جَارِيَتَهُ مِنْ أَنْ تُؤْخَذَ وَإِنْ خَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الْقَتْلَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَكَذَلِكَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَعَهُ امْرَأَةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَكَذَلِكَ الأمُّ وَالْبِنْتُ وَابْنَةُ الْعَمِّ وَالْقَرَابَةُ يَمْنَعُهُنَّ وَإِنْ خَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الْقَتْلَ قَالَ نَعَمْ [قُلْتُ] وَكَذَلِكَ الْمَالُ يُرِيدُونَ أَخْذَهُ فِي سَفَرٍ فَيَمْنَعُهُ وَإِنْ خَافَ الْقَتْلَ قَالَ نَعَمْ. 

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from his father from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) from al-Rida (a.s.): “If a man is on a journey and with him is his slave-girl. Certain people come and want to take his slave-girl from him. Should he try to stop them even if he fears for losing his life?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, he should try.’ I then asked, ‘Is it so also if a woman is with him?’ He (the Imam) replies, ‘Yes, it is.’ I then asked, ‘Is it so also if it is his mother, daughter of uncle and relatives. Should he stop such people even if he fears for losing his life?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, it is so also.’ I then asked, ‘Is it so also if it is property which they want to take during one’s journey and must stop them even if he fears for his life?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, so also it is.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 1, Chapter 24