Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ وَجَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَدَخَلَ بِهَا وَأَوْلَدَهَا ثُمَّ مَاتَ عَنْهَا فَادَّعَتْ شَيْئاً مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا عَلَى وَرَثَةِ زَوْجِهَا فَجَاءَتْ تَطْلُبُهُ مِنْهُمْ وَتَطْلُبُ الْمِيرَاثَ فَقَالَ أَمَّا الْمِيرَاثُ فَلَهَا أَنْ تَطْلُبَهُ وَأَمَّا الصَّدَاقُ فَالَّذِي أَخَذَتْ مِنَ الزَّوْجِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا هُوَ الَّذِي حَلَّ لِلزَّوْجِ بِهِ فَرْجُهَا قَلِيلا كَانَ أَوْ كَثِيراً إِذَا هِيَ قَبَضَتْهُ مِنْهُ وَقَبِلَتْ وَدَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَلا شَيْ‏ءَ لَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from all from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from abu ‘ Ubaydah and Jamil ibn Salih from al-Fudayl who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a woman, goes to bed with her, makes her to give birth to children, then dies and she asks something of her mahr (dower) from the heirs of the deceased as well as her share of inheritance, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘She can ask for her share of inheritance but mahr (dower) is what she had received from her husband before going to bed with him and that is which made their marriage lawful, whether little or more as she took possession and accepted and he went to bed with her but thereafter she has nothing to ask for.’” 

2- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الزَّوْجِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ يَهْلِكَانِ جَمِيعاً فَيَأْتِي وَرَثَةُ الْمَرْأَةِ فَيَدَّعُونَ عَلَى وَرَثَةِ الرَّجُلِ الصَّدَاقَ فَقَالَ وَقَدْ هَلَكَا وَقُسِمَ الْمِيرَاثُ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ شَيْ‏ءٌ قُلْتُ وَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ حَيَّ��ً فَجَاءَتْ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ زَوْجِهَا تَدَّعِي صَدَاقَهَا فَقَالَ لا شَيْ‏ءَ لَهَا وَقَدْ أَقَامَتْ مَعَهُ مُقِرَّةً حَتَّى هَلَكَ زَوْجُهَا فَقُلْتُ فَإِنْ مَاتَتْ وَهُوَ حَيٌّ فَجَاءَتْ وَرَثَتُهَا يُطَالِبُونَهُ بِصَدَاقِهَا فَقَالَ وَقَدْ أَقَامَتْ مَعَهُ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ لا تَطْلُبُهُ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لا شَيْ‏ءَ لَهُمْ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا فَجَاءَتْ تَطْلُبُ صَدَاقَهَا قَالَ وَقَدْ أَقَامَتْ لا تَطْلُبُهُ حَتَّى طَلَّقَهَا لا شَيْ‏ءَ لَهَا قُلْتُ فَمَتَى حَدُّ ذَلِكَ الَّذِي إِذَا طَلَبَتْهُ كَانَ لَهَا قَالَ إِذَا أُهْدِيَتْ إِلَيْهِ وَدَخَلَتْ بَيْتَهُ ثُمَّ طَلَبَتْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَلا شَيْ‏ءَ لَهَا إِنَّهُ كَثِيرٌ لَهَا أَنْ تَسْتَحْلِفَ بِاللهِ مَا لَهَا قِبَلَهُ مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا قَلِيلٌ وَلا كَثِيرٌ.

2. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a husband and wife who both die and the heirs of the woman ask the heirs of the man to pay her mahr (dower). He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no such right for them/ I then asked, ‘What happens if woman is living and after his death comes and asks for her mahr (dower)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘There is nothing for her; she lived with him until his death.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if she dies and he lives and her heirs come and ask for her mahr (dower)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘She lived with him until her death and did not ask.’ I said that that is true. He (the Imam) said, ‘They have no right.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if he divorces her and she asks for her mahr (dower).’ He (the Imam) said, ‘She had lived with him and did not ask for her mahr (dower), so there is nothing for her.’ I then asked, ‘When has she the right to ask for her mahr (dower)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When she is led to his house until she arrives, her demand thereafter is nothing for her, such time is a great deal. She can ask him to take an oath by Allah saying that he does not owe her any mahr (dower), small or large.’” 

3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا فَادَّعَتْ أَنَّ صَدَاقَهَا مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ وَذَكَرَ الزَّوْجُ أَنَّ صَدَاقَهَا خَمْسُونَ دِينَاراً وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَيِّنَةٌ فَقَالَ الْقَوْلُ قَوْلُ الزَّوْجِ مَعَ يَمِينِهِ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from abu ‘Ubaydah who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a woman but he does not go to bed with her and she claims that her mahr (dower) is one hundred dinar while the husband says that it is fifty dinar and there is no witness, abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘The words of the husband are accepted on oath.’” 

4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الرَّجُلُ بِامْرَأَتِهِ ثُمَّ ادَّعَتِ الْمَهْرَ وَقَالَ قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُكِ فَعَلَيْهِ الْبَيِّنَةُ وَعَلَيْهِ الْيَمِينُ. 

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from abu Jamilah from al- Hassan ibn Ziyad who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When a man goes to bed with his wife then she asks for her mahr (dower) and he says that he has paid, he must present testimony and take an oath.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 3, Chapter 53