Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى حُكْمِهَا قَالَ لا يُجَاوِزْ حُكْمُهَا مُهُورَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ (عَلَيْهِم السَّلام) اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَنَشّاً وَهُوَ وَزْنُ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ قُلْتُ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى حُكْمِهِ وَرَضِيَتْ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ مَا حَكَمَ مِنْ شَيْ‏ءٍ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ عَلَيْهَا قَلِيلا كَانَ أَوْ كَثِيراً قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَكَيْفَ لَمْ تُجِزْ حُكْمَهَا عَلَيْهِ وَأَجَزْتَ حُكْمَهُ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لأنَّهُ حَكَّمَهَا فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا أَنْ تَجُوزَ مَا سَنَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهِ نِسَاءَهُ فَرَدَدْتُهَا إِلَى السُّنَّةِ وَلأنَّهَا هِيَ حَكَّمَتْهُ وَجَعَلَتِ الأمْرَ إِلَيْهِ فِي الْمَهْرِ وَرَضِيَتْ بِحُكْمِهِ فِي ذَلِكَ فَعَلَيْهَا أَنْ تَقْبَلَ حُكْمَهُ قَلِيلا كَانَ أَوْ كَثِيراً.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Mahbub from Hisham ibn Salim from al-Hassan ibn Zurarah from his father who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman following her command to form the marriage contract. He (the Imam) said, ‘Her command in the matters of mahr (dower) must stay within the amount of mahr (dower) of the family of Muhammad (SAW), which is twelve Awqiyah and one Nashsha and it weighs five hundred dirham of silver/ I then asked, ‘What will happen if he forms the marriage contract according to his own command and she agrees with it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Whatever he commands is lawful and binding on her whether the amount is very little or more.’ I then asked, ‘How is it that her command is not binding on him and his command is binding upon her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is because according to her own command she could not go beyond the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, upon which he married his wives, she must act according to the Sunnah because she appointed him as the agent to form the contract and settle mahr (dower) and she agreed to his decision so she must accept his decision and command about the amount whether it is less or more/” 

2- الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى حُكْمِهَا أَوْ عَلَى حُكْمِهِ فَمَاتَ أَوْ مَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ لَهَا الْمُتْعَةُ وَالْمِيرَاثُ وَلا مَهْرَ لَهَا قُلْتُ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا وَقَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى حُكْمِهَا قَالَ إِذَا طَلَّقَهَا وَقَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلَى حُكْمِهَا لا يُجَاوِزُ حُكْمُهَا عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ وَزْنِ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فِضَّةً مُهُورِ نِسَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه).

2. Al-Hassan ibn Mahbub has narrated from abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a woman on her command and decision or according to his decision and command then he or she dies before they go to bed with each other, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘She can have advantage and inheritance but has no mahr (dower)/ I then asked what happens if he divorces her after marriage according to her command and decision?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If he divorces her after marriage according to her command and decision her mahr (dower) is not more than the weight of five hundred dirham of silver which is the mahr (dower) of the women of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.’” 

3- الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَأَنَا حَاضِرٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى جَارِيَةٍ لَهُ مُدَبَّرَةٍ قَدْ عَرَفَتْهَا الْمَرْأَةُ وَتَقَدَّمَتْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ أَرَى أَنَّ لِلْمَرْأَةِ نِصْفَ خِدْمَةِ الْمُدَبَّرَةِ يَكُونُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ مِنَ الْمُدَبَّرَةِ يَوْمٌ فِي الْخِدْمَةِ وَيَكُونُ لِسَيِّدِهَا الَّذِي كَانَ دَبَّرَهَا يَوْمٌ فِي الْخِدْمَةِ قِيلَ لَهُ فَإِنْ مَاتَتِ الْمُدَبَّرَةُ قَبْلَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَالسَّيِّدِ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ الْمِيرَاثُ قَالَ يَكُونُ نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَتْ لِلْمَرْأَةِ وَالنِّصْفُ الآخَرُ لِسَيِّدِهَا الَّذِي دَبَّرَهَا.

3. Al-Hassan ibn Mahbub has narrated from abu Jamilah from Mu’alla’ ibn Khunayth who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked, when I was present, about the case of a man who married a woman as the second wife, the first being al-Mudabbarah, a slave-girl (a slave whose freedom is agreed to take place after the death of the master) which was known to the woman but she executed the marriage and then he divorced her before going to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘In my view the woman can have half of the services of al-Mudabbarah, that is one day of her service for the woman and one day of her service for her master/ It was asked, ‘What happens if she dies before the woman and the master and who will have her legacy?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘One-half is for the woman and one-half is for the master.’” 

4- ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ الأحْوَلِ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى أَنْ يُعَلِّمَهَا سُورَةً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَالَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا حَتَّى يُعَلِّمَهَا السُّورَةَ وَيُعْطِيَهَا شَيْئاً قُلْتُ أَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا تَمْراً أَوْ زَبِيباً قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا رَضِيَتْ بِهِ كَائِناً مَا كَانَ.

4. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from al-Harith ibn Muhammad ibn al-Nu’man al-Ahwal from Burayd al-‘Ijliy who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a man who married a woman to teach her a chapter from the book of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious. He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not like his going with her to bed before teaching her the Chapter and giving her something.’ I then asked if giving dates or raisins is enough. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful if she agrees with whatever it is.’” 

5- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَقَالَتْ زَوِّجْنِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ لِهَذِهِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا فَقَالَ مَا تُعْطِيهَا فَقَالَ مَا لِي شَيْ‏ءٌ فَقَالَ لا قَالَ فَأَعَادَتْ فَأَعَادَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الْكَلامَ فَلَمْ يَقُمْ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُ الرَّجُلِ ثُمَّ أَعَادَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي الْمَرَّةِ الثَّالِثَةِ أَتُحْسِنُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ قَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا عَلَى مَا تُحْسِنُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَعَلِّمْهَا إِيَّاهُ.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that once a woman came to the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and said, ‘You must give me in marriage.’ The Messenger of Allah, asked, ‘Is there anyone for her?’ A man stood up and said, ‘I am for her, O Messenger of Allah, give her in marriage to me.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) asked, ‘What do you want to give her?’ He replied, ‘I do not have anything.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘No, I will not give her in marriage to you.’ She repeated and the Messenger of Allah also repeated his question to people, but no one other than that man said anything. She repeated again and on the third time the Messenger of Allah asked that man, ‘Do you know something from the Quran well?’ He replied, ‘Yes, I know from the Quran.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘I give her in marriage to you to teach her what you know well of the Quran.’” 

6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ فَأَعْطَاهَا عَبْداً لَهُ آبِقاً وَبُرْداً حِبَرَةً بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ الَّتِي أَصْدَقَهَا قَالَ إِذَا رَضِيَتْ بِالْعَبْدِ وَكَانَتْ قَدْ عَرَفَتْهُ فَلا بَأْسَ إِذَا هِيَ قَبَضَتِ الثَّوْبَ وَرَضِيَتْ بِالْعَبْدِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا قَالَ لا مَهْرَ لَهَا وَتَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَيَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ لَهَا.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from al-Fudayl who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman for one thousand dirham. He then gives her a runaway slave and a gown made of silk for one thousand dirham for her mahr (dower). He (the Imam) said, ‘If she agrees for the slave and knows his condition, then it is not unlawful if she takes possession of the clothes and has agreed for the slave.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if he divorces her before going to bed with her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘She will have no mahr (dower) and has to return five hundred dirham and the slave is for her.’” 

7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ امْرَأَةً عَلَى خَادِمٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي وَسَطٌ مِنْ الْخَدَمِ قَالَ قُلْتُ عَلَى بَيْتٍ قَالَ وَسَطٌ مِنَ الْبُيُوتِ.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman and her mahr (dower) is a servant. He (the Imam) said, ‘The servant must be of average and medium condition.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if it is a house?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It must be of average and medium condition.’” 

8- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ زَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهُ ابْنَ أَخِيهِ وَأَمْهَرَهَا بَيْتاً وَخَادِماً ثُمَّ مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ يُؤْخَذُ الْمَهْرُ مِنْ وَسَطِ الْمَالِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالْبَيْتُ وَالْخَادِمُ قَالَ وَسَطٌ مِنَ الْبُيُوتِ وَالْخَادِمُ وَسَطٌ مِنَ الْخَدَمِ قُلْتُ ثَلاثِينَ أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً وَالْبَيْتُ نَحْوٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ هَذَا سَبْعِينَ ثَمَانِينَ دِينَاراً أَوْ مِائَةً نَحْوٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a man who gave his daughter in marriage to the son of his brother with a mahr (dower) of a house and a servant and the man died. He (the Imam) said, ‘Mahr (dower) is paid from medium kinds of assets.’ I (the narrator) than asked, ‘What is the condition of the house and servant?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The house must be of a medium condition and the servant must be of a medium condition.’ I then asked, ‘Can it be thirty or forty dinar? The house is about that much.’ The Imam said, ‘This is seventy-eighty dinar or one hundred dinar or so.’” 

9- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْكَاهِلِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي حَمَّادَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَسَنِ أُخْتُ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْحَذَّاءِ قَالَتْ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَشَرَطَ لَهَا أَنْ لا يَتَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهَا وَرَضِيَتْ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مَهْرُهَا قَالَتْ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) هَذَا شَرْطٌ فَاسِدٌ لا يَكُونُ النِّكَاحُ إِلا عَلَى دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ دِرْهَمَيْنِ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd Allah al-Kahiliy who has said that narrated to me daughter of al-Hassan sister of abu ‘Ubaydah al-Hadhddha’ who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who marries a woman with a condition not to marry any other woman with her and she agrees for that as her mahr (dower). He (the Imam) said, ‘This condition is not valid because mahr (dower) can only be like one or two dirham.’” 

10- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا صَدَاقاً ثُمَّ دَخَلَ بِهَا قَالَ لَهَا صَدَاقُ نِسَائِهَا.

10. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a woman without assigning any mahr (dower) and goes to bed with her, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘She has a mahr (dower) similar to that for the women of her family.’” 

11- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ بِعَاجِلٍ وَآجِلٍ قَالَ الآجِلُ إِلَى مَوْتٍ أَوْ فُرْقَةٍ.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a woman for a mahr (dower) payable immediately and a part of it on credit, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The due date for payment of what is on credit of mahr (dower) is on their separation or death.’” 

12- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ أَسَرَّ صَدَاقاً وَأَعْلَنَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ هُوَ الَّذِي أَسَرَّ وَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ النِّكَاحُ.

12. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Musa ibn Bakr from Zurarah who has said the following: “About the case of a man who hides the amount of mahr (dower) and in public shows it more, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘It ( mahr (dower)) is what he hides.’” 

13- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) تَدْرِي مِنْ أَيْنَ صَارَ مُهُورُ النِّسَاءِ أَرْبَعَةَ آلافٍ قُلْتُ لا قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أُمَّ حَبِيبٍ بِنْتَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ كَانَتْ بِالْحَبَشَةِ فَخَطَبَهَا النَّبِيُّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَسَاقَ إِلَيْهَا عَنْهُ النَّجَاشِيُّ أَرْبَعَةَ آلافٍ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ يَأْخُذُونَ بِهِ فَأَمَّا الْمَهْرُ فَاثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ أُوقِيَّةً وَنَشٌّ.

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once asked, ‘Do you know why mahr (dower) of women has become four thousand?’ I replied, ‘No, I do not know.’ He (the Imam) said, “Umm Habibah, daughter of abu Sufyan was in al-Habashah (Ethiopia) and the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, proposed marriage. Al-Najashiy paid four thousand. For this reason they take it, however, the actual mahr (dower) is twelve Awqiyah and one Nashsha.’” 

14- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ بِشْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنِ الْبِطِّخِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى سُورَةٍ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَبِمَا يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ بِنِصْفِ مَا يُعَلَّمُ بِهِ مِثْلُ تِلْكَ السُّورَةِ.

14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Musa ibn Ja’far from Ahmad ibn Bashir from Ali ibn Asbat from al-Bitkhiy from ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a woman for teaching her a chapter from the book of Allah, then divorces her before going to bed with her and what she must receive, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘He owes to teach her half as much of that chapter.’” 

15- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ تَصَدَّقَتْ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا بِمَهْرِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا إِلا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهَا بِكُلِّ دِينَارٍ عِتْقَ رَقَبَةٍ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَكَيْفَ بِالْهِبَةِ بَعْدَ الدُّخُولِ قَالَ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْمَوَدَّةِ وَالألْفَةِ.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If a woman gives her mahr (dower) as charity to her husband before going to bed with her, Allah writes for her for every dinar freeing of a slave.’ It was asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, What is for gifting it after going to bed?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘That is because of affection and kindness.’” 

16- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا أَدْنَى مَا يُجْزِئُ مِنَ الْمَهْرِ قَالَ تِمْثَالٌ مِنْ سُكَّرٍ.

16. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ibn Muskan from abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the minimum amount of mahr (dower). He (the Imam) said, ‘It can be a figure of sugar.’” 

17- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِنَّ اللهَ يَغْفِرُ كُلَّ ذَنْبٍ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلا مَهْرَ امْرَأَةٍ وَمَنِ اغْتَصَبَ أَجِيراً أَجْرَهُ وَمَنْ بَاعَ حُرّاً.

17. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Allah forgives every sin on the Day of Judgment except non-payment of mahr (dower), usurpation of wages and selling free people.’” 

18- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْمَشْرِقِيِّ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ حَدَّثُوهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ إِنَّ الإمَامَ يَقْضِي عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الدُّيُونَ مَا خَلا مُهُورَ النِّسَاءِ. 

18. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Mashriqiy from a group who narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Imam pays debts of believing people except mahr (dower) of women.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 3, Chapter 48