Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى غَيُورٌ يُحِبُّ كُلَّ غَيُورٍ وَلِغَيْرَتِهِ حَرَّمَ الْفَوَاحِشَ ظَاهِرَهَا وَبَاطِنَهَا.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah, most High, is Vigilant (protective of His cause) and He loves every vigilant one and due to His vigilance He has made both apparent and hidden indecency unlawful. ’” 

2- عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ الْخَثْعَمِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِذَا لَمْ يَغَرِ الرَّجُلُ فَهُوَ مَنْكُوسُ الْقَلْبِ.

2. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from his father from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Jawhariy from Habib al- Khath’amiy from ‘Abd Allah ibn abu Ya’fur who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘One who is not vigilant and protective, his heart is upside down.’” 

3- عَنْهُ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا أُغِيرَ الرَّجُلُ فِي أَهْلِهِ أَوْ بَعْضِ مَنَاكِحِهِ مِنْ مَمْلُوكِهِ فَلَمْ يَغَرْ وَلَمْ يُغَيِّرْ بَعَثَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ طَائِراً يُقَالُ لَهُ الْقَفَنْدَرُ حَتَّى يَسْقُطَ عَلَى عَارِضَةِ بَابِهِ ثُمَّ يُمْهِلَهُ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ يَهْتِفَ بِهِ إِنَّ اللهَ غَيُورٌ يُحِبُّ كُلَّ غَيُورٍ فَإِنْ هُوَ غَارَ وَغَيَّرَ وَأَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ فَأَنْكَرَهُ وَإِلا طَارَ حَتَّى يَسْقُطَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَيَخْفِقَ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ عَلَى عَيْنَيْهِ ثُمَّ يَطِيرَ عَنْهُ فَيَنْزِعُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ رُوحَ الإيمَانِ وَتُسَمِّيهِ الْمَلائِكَةُ الدَّيُّوثَ.

3. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa all from ibn Mahbub from Ishaq ibn Jarir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When a man’s vigilance is shaken in matters of protection for his family and wife or those married to him, like his slave-girl, but does not act vigilantly, Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sends a bird called al-Qafandar which sits on the upper portion of his door and gives him forty days and calls him saying, ‘Allah is vigilant and loves vigilant people.’ If he then acts vigilantly, changes and dislikes what has shaken his sense of protectionism, otherwise, the bird flies, sits on his head and hangs its wings on his eyes; then Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, removes the spirit of belief and faith from him and the angels call him a pimp.’” 

4- ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) غَيُوراً وَأَنَا أَغْيَرُ مِنْهُ وَجَدَعَ اللهُ أَنْفَ مَنْ لا يَغَارُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ.

4. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from more than one person who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Ibrahim (a.s.) was vigilant and protective and I am more vigilant and protective than he was. Allah cuts-off the noses of those who do not exercise vigilance in favor of the believing and Muslims.’” 

5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ شَيْطَاناً يُقَالُ لَهُ الْقَفَنْدَرُ إِذَا ضُرِبَ فِي مَنْزِلِ الرَّجُلِ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً بِالْبَرْبَطِ وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ الرِّجَالُ وَضَعَ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْطَانُ كُلَّ عُضْوٍ مِنْهُ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ نَفَخَ فِيهِ نَفْخَةً فَلا يَغَارُ بَعْدَ هَذَا حَتَّى تُؤْتَى نِسَاؤُهُ فَلا يَغَارُ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Ishaq ibn Jarir who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘When a Satan called al-Qafandar, plays the lute in a man’s home and men come in his house, that Satan places every part of his body on the similar one of that man, owner of the house, then he blows in him a blow and thereafter that man does not exercise any vigilance or protective measures even if people go to his women.’” 

6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَا أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ نُبِّئْتُ أَنَّ نِسَاءَكُمْ يُدَافِعْنَ الرِّجَالَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ أَمَا تَسْتَحْيُونَ. وَفِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ أَمَا تَسْتَحْيُونَ وَلا تَغَارُونَ نِسَاءَكُمْ يَخْرُجْنَ إِلَى الأسْوَاقِ وَيُزَاحِمْنَ الْعُلُوجَ.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin once said, ‘O people of Iraq I am informed that your women push men on the road, are you not ashamed?’ In another Hadith it is said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), said, ‘Are you not ashamed of not exercising vigilance when your women go out in the market and become crowded with al-‘Aluj (uneducated faithless ones)!”’ 

7- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ ثَلاثَةٌ لا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ الشَّيْخُ الزَّانِي وَالدَّيُّوثُ وَالْمَرْأَةُ تُوطِئُ فِرَاشَ زَوْجِهَا.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from ibn Muskan from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘On the Day of Judgment Allah will not speak to three kinds of people and will not cleanse them and they suffer a painful suffering. One is an old fornicating man, a pimp and a woman who allows men to go in the bed of her husband with her.’” 

8- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ حُرِّمَتِ الْجَنَّةُ عَلَى الدَّيُّوثِ.

8. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn Faddal from ‘Abd Allah ibn Maymun who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Paradise is made unlawful for a pimp.”’ 

9- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَنْبَسَةَ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الأسَدِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَاصِمِيُّ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ أَميِرَ الْمُؤْمنِيِنَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) كَتَبَ فِي رِسَالَتِهِ إِلَى الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِيَّاكَ وَالتَّغَايُرَ فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِ الْغَيْرَةِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يَدْعُو الصَّحِيحَةَ مِنْهُنَّ إِلَى السَّقَمِ وَلَكِنْ أَحْكِمْ أَمْرَهُنَّ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ عَيْباً فَعَجِّلِ النَّكِيرَ عَلَى الصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ فَإِنْ تَعَيَّنْتَ مِنْهُنَّ الرَّيْبَ فَيُعَظَّمُ الذَّنْبُ وَيُهَوَّنُ الْعَتْبُ.   

9. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from certain persons of his people from Ja’far ibn ‘Anbasah from ‘Ubadah ibn Ziyad al-Asadiy from ‘Amr ibn abu al-Miqdam from Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), and Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-‘Asemiy from those who narrated to him from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hassan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Kathir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin in a letter to al-Hassan (a.s.), has said, ‘You must be on your guard against vigilance and protectionism in an improper instance because it can lead the ones (of women) with perfect manners into one of ill-behaving one, however, you must fortify their (women’s) condition and if you find a defect then hasten to disapprove it regardless it is small or large. If you find their behavior doubtful, then the sin becomes great and deviation becomes easy.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 3, Chapter 177