Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الْغِفَارِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) عَلامَةُ رِضَا اللهِ تَعَالَى فِي خَلْقِهِ عَدْلُ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَرُخْصُ أَسْعَارِهِمْ وَعَلامَةُ غَضَبِ اللهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى عَلَى خَلْقِهِ جَوْرُ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَغَلاءُ أَسْعَارِهِمْ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ya’qub Yazid from al-Ghifariy from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Ishaq from his father from his grandfather who has said the following: “He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Of the signs of happiness of Allah, most High, with His creatures is the existence of a just ruler and low prices. Of the signs of unhappiness of Allah, most High with His creatures is the existence of an unjust ruler and high prices.’” 

2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ جَلَّ وَعَزَّ وَكَّلَ بِالسِّعْرِ مَلَكاً فَلَنْ يَغْلُوَ مِنْ قِلَّةٍ وَلا يَرْخُصَ مِنْ كَثْرَةٍ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn Aslam from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has assigned an angel on prices. Prices do not go high because of shortages and do not lower because of bounteousness.’” 

3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَكَّلَ بِالسِّعْرِ مَلَكاً يُدَبِّرُهُ بِأَمْرِهِ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn al-‘Abbas ibn Ma’ruf from al-Hajjal from certain persons of his people from abu Hamzah al-Thumaliy who has said the following: “Ali ibn Al-Husayn (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has assigned an angel who regulates prices by His command.’” 

4- سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَكَّلَ بِالأسْعَارِ مَلَكاً يُدَبِّرُهَا.

4. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from those whom he has mentioned who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has assigned an angel on prices who regulates them (as needed).”’ 

5- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لَمَّا صَارَتِ الأشْيَاءُ لِيُوسُفَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) جَعَلَ الطَّعَامَ فِي بُيُوتٍ وَأَمَرَ بَعْضَ وُكَلائِهِ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ بِعْ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا وَالسِّعْرُ قَائِمٌ فَلَمَّا عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ يَزِيدُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ كَرِهَ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ الْغَلاءُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ فَبِعْ وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهُ سِعْراً فَذَهَبَ الْوَكِيلُ غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ فَبِعْ وَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ الْغَلاءُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ فَذَهَبَ الْوَكِيلُ فَجَاءَ أَوَّلُ مَنِ اكْتَالَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ دُونَ مَا كَانَ بِالأمْسِ بِمِكْيَالٍ قَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي حَسْبُكَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا فَعَلِمَ الْوَكِيلُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ غَلا بِمِكْيَالٍ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ كِلْ لِي فَكَالَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ دُونَ الَّذِي كَالَ لِلأوَّلِ بِمِكْيَالٍ قَالَ لَهُ الْمُشْتَرِي حَسْبُكَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا فَعَلِمَ الْوَكِيلُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ غَلا بِمِكْيَالٍ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى وَاحِدٍ بِوَاحِدٍ.

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn Hammad from Yunus ibn Ya’qub from Sa‘d from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When things were given in the control of Joseph ibn Ya’qub (a.s.), he placed the grain in houses (storage) and issued an order to his servants to sell for a price of such and such amount. Prices were fixed. When he learned that prices are high he disliked to speak of high prices and then said, ‘Go and sell without mentioning prices.’ The agent before going far away returned to him. He said, ‘Go and sell.’ He disliked speaking of high prices. The agent went back and the first buyer came. The agent measured for him and when it was still less than the amount of the previous day by one measurement the buyer said, ‘It is enough; I only wanted this much for this much.’ The agent realized that prices are still high. Then another buyer came and asked him to measure for him. He measured for him and it still was one less than the measurement for the previous buyer when this buyer said, ‘This much is enough. I only wanted this much (grain) for this much (money).’ The agent realized that prices are still high and so on until it came down to one for one.’” 

6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ السَّرَّاجِ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ غَلاءُ السِّعْرِ يُسِي‏ءُ الْخُلُقَ وَيُذْهِبُ الأمَانَةَ وَيُضْجِرُ الْمَرْءَ الْمُسْلِمَ.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il al-Sarraj from Hafs ibn ‘Umar from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘High prices worsens moral discipline, destroy trust and cause suffering to the Muslims.’” 

7- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنِّي أَراكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ قَالَ كَانَ سِعْرُهُمْ رَخِيصاً. 

7. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from certain persons of his people in a marfu’ manner’ who have said the following: “About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘I see you in goodness . . . (11:84) He (the Imam) said, ‘It is a reference to their prices.” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 2, Chapter 63