Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الْجَارِيَةُ يُرِيدُ أَبُوهَا أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَيُرِيدُ جَدُّهَا أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَقَالَ الْجَدُّ أَوْلَى بِذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مُضَارّاً إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ الأبُ زَوَّجَهَا قَبْلَهُ وَيَجُوزُ عَلَيْهَا تَزْوِيجُ الأبِ وَالْجَدِّ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a girl whose father wants to give her in marriage to one man and her grandfather wants to give her in marriage to another man. He (the Imam) said, ‘Grandfather is preferred above the father as long as it is not harmful to the girl and that the father has not given her in marriage before the grandfather. Both father and grandfather’s giving her in marriage is permissible.’” 

2- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا زَوَّجَ الرَّجُلُ ابْنَةَ ابْنِهِ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ عَلَى ابْنِهِ وَلابْنِهِ أَيْضاً أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا فَقُلْتُ فَإِنْ هَوِيَ أَبُوهَا رَجُلا وَجَدُّهَا رَجُلا فَقَالَ الْجَدُّ أَوْلَى بِنِكَاحِهَا.

2. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah) (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man gives in marriage his granddaughter to a man, it is binding upon his son and his son also can give her in marriage.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if her father likes one man and her grandfather prefers another man?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Grandfather has greater priority.’” 

3- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنِّي لَذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَ زِيَادِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْحَارِثِيِّ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ يَسْتَعْدِي عَلَى أَبِيهِ فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَ اللهُ الأمِيرَ إِنَّ أَبِي زَوَّجَ ابْنَتِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي فَقَالَ زِيَادٌ لِجُلَسَائِهِ الَّذِينَ عِنْدَهُ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِيمَا يَقُولُ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ قَالُوا نِكَاحُهُ بَاطِلٌ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ فَلَمَّا سَأَلَنِي أَقْبَلْتُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ أَجَابُوهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ أَلَيْسَ فِيمَا تَرْوُونَ أَنْتُمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنَّ رَجُلا جَاءَ يَسْتَعْدِيهِ عَلَى أَبِيهِ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنْتَ وَمَالُكَ لأبِيكَ قَالُوا بَلَى فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ هَذَا وَهُوَ وَمَالُهُ لأبِيهِ وَلا يَجُوزُ نِكَاحُهُ [عَلَيْهِ] قَالَ فَأَخَذَ بِقَوْلِهِمْ وَتَرَكَ قَوْلِي.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from abu al-Mighra’ from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One day I was with Ziyad ibn ‘Ubayd Allah al-Harithiy when a man came and complained saying, “My father has given my daughter in marriage without my permission.” Ziyad then asked the people in his meeting about their views in the matter. They said, “His marriage is invalid.’” He (the Imam) has said, ‘He then asked, “What do you say, O ‘Abd Allah?” When he asked me I then turned to those who had given him an answer and asked them, ‘Of the matters that you narrate from the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, is there the case of the man who came to him (the Messenger of Allah) and complained against his father like this man and the Messenger of Allah told him that you and your assets belong to your father?’ They replied, ‘Yes, we narrate.’ I then asked them, ‘Why is it that even he and his assets belong to his father but his father’s giving in marriage is not permissible?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He accepted their words and ignored my words.’” 

4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ [جَمِيعاً] عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا زَوَّجَ الأبُ وَالْجَدُّ كَانَ التَّزْوِيجُ لِلأوَّلِ فَإِنْ كَانَ جَمِيعاً فِي حَالٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَالْجَدُّ أَوْلَى.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim and Muhammad ibn Flakim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If both father and grandfather give in marriage, the first one’s marriage is effective and if both happens at the same time, the grandfather has the priority.’” 

5- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الْجَدَّ إِذَا زَوَّجَ ابْنَةَ ابْنِهِ وَكَانَ أَبُوهَا حَيّاً وَكَانَ الْجَدُّ مَرْضِيّاً جَازَ قُلْنَا فَإِنْ هَوِيَ أَبُو الْجَارِيَةِ هَوًى وَهَوِيَ الْجَدُّ هَوًى وَهُمَا سَوَاءٌ فِي الْعَدْلِ وَالرِّضَا قَالَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ تَرْضَى بِقَوْلِ الْجَدِّ.

5. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from Ja’far ibn Sama‘ah from Aban from al-Fadl ibn ‘Abd al-Malik who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a grandfather gives his granddaughter in marriage and his son is living but grandfather is ill, still marriage is binding.’ We then asked, ‘What happens if the father loves one and grandfather loves another man and they both are equal in justice and agreement?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I love if she agrees with her grandfather.’” 

6- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا زَوَّجَ الرَّجُلُ فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ وَالِدُهُ فَإِنَّ تَزْوِيجَ الأبِ جَائِزٌ وَإِنْ كَرِهَ الْجَدُّ لَيْسَ هَذَا مِثْلَ الَّذِي يَفْعَلُهُ الْجَدُّ ثُمَّ يُرِيدُ الأبُ أَنْ يَرُدَّهُ. 

6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Dawud ibn al- Husayn from al-‘Abbas who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man marries, then his father rejects it, giving in marriage by the father is permissible; if the grandfather dislikes it, it is not like the case where grandfather gives in marriage, then father wants to reverse it.”’ 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 3, Chapter 58