Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لِي عَلَيْهِ مِائَةُ دِرْهَمٍ عَدَداً قَضَانِيهَا مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ وَزْناً قَالَ لا بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ قَالَ وَقَالَ جَاءَ الرِّبَا مِنْ قِبَلِ الشُّرُوطِ إِنَّمَا تُفْسِدُهُ الشُّرُوطُ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yahya ibn al-Hajjaj from Khalid ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man who owed me a hundred dirham in numbers and he paid me by weight. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful if it is not stipulated . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘Riba’ comes from stipulation; only stipulation destroys it.’” 

2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَكُونُ لِلرَّجُلِ عِنْدِيَ الدَّرَاهِمُ الْوَضَحُ فَيَلْقَانِي فَيَقُولُ لِي كَيْفَ سِعْرُ الْوَضَحِ الْيَوْمَ فَأَقُولُ لَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَيَقُولُ أَلَيْسَ لِي عِنْدَكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَضَحاً فَأَقُولُ بَلَى فَيَقُولُ لِي حَوِّلْهَا إِلَى دَنَانِيرَ بِهَذَا السِّعْرِ وَأَثْبِتْهَا لِي عِنْدَكَ فَمَا تَرَى فِي هَذَا فَقَالَ لِي إِذَا كُنْتَ قَدِ اسْتَقْصَيْتَ لَهُ السِّعْرَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَلا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي لَمْ أُوَازِنْهُ وَلَمْ أُنَاقِدْهُ إِنَّمَا كَانَ كَلامٌ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ فَقَالَ أَلَيْسَ الدَّرَاهِمُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَالدَّنَانِيرُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَلا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from and Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A man had a certain amount of clear dirhams with me and in a meeting asked me about the rates of clear dirham on that day and I said, ‘It is so and so much today . 5 He asked if he had so and so much thousand clear dirhams with me and I said that he was right and he asked me to change them with dinars with such rate and keep them with me. I wish to have your word about it. He (the Imam) said to me, ‘If you checked the rate thoroughly for him on that day it is not unlawful . 5 I then said that I did not weigh or actually exchange them; it was only exchange of words between us. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Is it not the case that dirhams are with you as well as dinars ? 5 I replied, ‘Yes, that is right . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful . 555 

3- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ الْهَاشِمِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ دَنَانِيرُ لِبَعْضِ خُلَطَائِهِ فَيَأْخُذُ مَكَانَهَا وَرِقاً فِي حَوَائِجِهِ وَهُوَ يَوْمَ قُبِضَتْ سَبْعَةٌ وَسَبْعَةٌ وَنِصْفٌ بِدِينَارٍ وَقَدْ يَطْلُبُ صَاحِبُ الْمَالِ بَعْضَ الْوَرِقِ وَلَيْسَتْ بِحَاضِرَةٍ فَيَبْتَاعَهَا لَهُ مِنَ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ بِهَذَا السِّعْرِ وَنَحْوِهِ ثُمَّ يَتَغَيَّرُ السِّعْرُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحْتَسِبَا حَتَّى صَارَتِ الْوَرِقُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ دِرْهَماً بِدِينَارٍ فَهَلْ يَصْلُحُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ بِالسِّعْرِ الأوَّلِ حِينَ قَبَضَ كَانَتْ سَبْعَةٌ وَسَبْعَةٌ وَنِصْفٌ بِدِينَارٍ قَالَ إِذَا دَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ الْوَرِقَ بِقَدْرِ الدَّنَانِيرِ فَلا يَضُرُّهُ كَيْفَ الصُّرُوفُ وَلا بَأْسَ.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Utbah al-Hashimiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), about the case of a man who had with him a certain amount of dinars that belonged to a person of his associates for which he took wariq (dirham) from him for his needs; and the rate on that day was seven and seven and a half dirham for dinar. The owner of the asset asked for a certain amount of wariq (dirham) for his needs and it was not present and he bought them for him from a money changer with this rate or so then the rate changed before they finalized the account until the wariq (dirham) became twelve dirhams for one dinar; if he could settle it with him and it was with the rate as it was at the beginning when he took possession which was seven and seven and a half for a dinar. He (the Imam) said, ‘When he gave wariq (dirham) to him equal to the amount of dinars it is not harmful how the rates are and it is not harmful . 555 

4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ دَنَانِيرُ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ قِيمَتَهَا دَرَاهِمَ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who owed dinars. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful if he takes its price in the form of dirhams . 555 

5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ دَنَانِيرُ فَأَحَالَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلا آخَرَ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ أَيَأْخُذُهَا دَرَاهِمَ بِسِعْرِ الْيَوْمِ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ شَاءَ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man to whom another man owed a certain amount of dinars and he assigned another man to collect it from him; if he could take it in the form of dirhams for the current rate. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, if he wanted . 555 

6- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ الدَّيْنُ دَرَاهِمُ مَعْلُومَةٌ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَجَاءَ الأجَلُ وَلَيْسَ عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ فَقَالَ خُذْ مِنِّي دَنَانِيرَ بِصَرْفِ الْيَوْمِ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

6. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ibn Muskan from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who owed a certain amount of dirham and the party asked him to accept from him in the form of dinar at the current rate. He (the Imam) said It is not unlawful.” 

7- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُنِي الْوَرِقَ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ وَأَتَّزِنُ مِنْهُ فَأَزِنُ لَهُ حَتَّى أَفْرُغَ فَلا يَكُونُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ عَمَلٌ إِلا أَنَّ فِي وَرِقِهِ نُفَايَةً وَزُيُوفاً وَمَا لا يَجُوزُ فَيَقُولُ انْتَقِدْهَا وَرُدَّ نُفَايَتَهَا فَقَالَ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَلَكِنْ لا تُؤَخِّرْ ذَلِكَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ الصَّرْفُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ فِي وَرِقِهِ فَضْلا مِقْدَارَ مَا فِيهَا مِنَ النُّفَايَةِ فَقَالَ هَذَا احْتِيَاطٌ هَذَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ.

7. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked Abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a man who sold to me wariq (dirham) for dinar and I weighed it from him. I weighed it for him until it was complete and there was no other work between us, except that his wariq (dirham) had invalid and unreal pieces, and what was not permissible in them. He asked me to find and return such pieces. He (the Imam) said, It is not unlawful; however, you must not delay it more than one day or two, because it is an exchange. I then asked, ’What happens if I find extra in them equal to the amount of invalid ones ? He (the Imam) said, ‘This is a precautionary measure and I like it more. 

8- صَفْوَانُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الدَّرَاهِمُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ وَالرَّصَاصِ فَقَالَ الرَّصَاصُ بَاطِلٌ.

8. Safwan has narrated from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if exchange of dirham for dirham and lead was permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘Lead is not valid . 555 

9- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّرْفِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ الرِّفْقَةُ رُبَّمَا عَجِلَتْ فَخَرَجَتْ فَلَمْ نَقْدِرْ عَلَى الدِّمَشْقِيَّةِ وَالْبَصْرِيَّةِ وَإِنَّمَا تَجُوزُ بِسَابُورَ الدِّمَشْقِيَّةُ وَالْبَصْرِيَّةُ فَقَالَ وَمَا الرِّفْقَةُ فَقُلْتُ الْقَوْمُ يَتَرَافَقُونَ وَيَجْتَمِعُونَ لِلْخُرُوجِ فَإِذَا عَجِلُوا فَرُبَّمَا لَمْ نَقْدِرْ عَلَى الدِّمَشْقِيَّةِ وَالْبَصْرِيَّةِ فَبَعَثْنَا بِالْغِلَّةِ فَصَرَفُوا أَلْفاً وَخَمْسِينَ دِرْهَماً مِنْهَا بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ الدِّمَشْقِيَّةِ وَالْبَصْرِيَّةِ فَقَالَ لا خَيْرَ فِي هَذَا أَفَلا تَجْعَلُونَ فِيهَا ذَهَباً لِمَكَانِ زِيَادَتِهَا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَشْتَرِي أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَدِينَاراً بِأَلْفَيْ دِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِنَّ أَبِي (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) كَانَ أَجْرَى عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ مِنِّي وَكَانَ يَقُولُ هَذَا فَيَقُولُونَ إِنَّمَا هَذَا الْفِرَارُ لَوْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ بِدِينَارٍ لَمْ يُعْطَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَلَوْ جَاءَ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ لَمْ يُعْطَ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ وَكَانَ يَقُولُ لَهُمْ نِعْمَ الشَّيْ‏ءُ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الْحَرَامِ إِلَى الْحَلالِ. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ مِثْلَهُ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about currency exchange, saying, ‘The comrades perhaps hurry and I go with them but cannot find al-Dimishqiyah (dirham) or al-Basriyah; they only allow only Sabur of al-Dimishqiyah and al-Basriyah. He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is a comrade? I replied, ‘A group of people get together to travel and when they hurry we may not find al-Dimishqiyah and al-Basriyah; then we send invalid dirham and they exchange it one thousand and fifteen for one thousand al-Dimishqiyah and al-Basriyah . He (the Imam) said, ‘There is nothing good in it. Why you do not place gold instead of the extra ? I then asked, ‘Can I buy one thousand dinar for two thousand dirhams? 5 He (the Imam) said, It is not unlawful. My father was more influential than me among the people of al-Madinah and he would say this. People would say it is running away. If a man comes with dinar he does not give it for a thousand dirham, and if he comes with one thousand dirham, he does not give one thousand dinar. He (the Imam) would say to them, ‘Yes, running away from unlawful matters to lawful ones is the best policy. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya and ibn Abu ‘Umayr from ‘Abd al-Rahman, a similar Hadith. 

10- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُنْكَدِرِ يَقُولُ لأبِي يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ رَحِمَكَ اللهُ وَاللهِ إِنَّا لَنَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ لَوْ أَخَذْتَ دِينَاراً وَالصَّرْفُ بِثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ فَدُرْتَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى أَنْ تَجِدَ مَنْ يُعْطِيكَ عِشْرِينَ مَا وَجَدْتَهُ وَمَا هَذَا إِلا فِرَاراً وَكَانَ أَبِي يَقُولُ صَدَقْتَ وَاللهِ وَلَكِنَّهُ فِرَارٌ مِنْ بَاطِلٍ إِلَى حَقٍّ.

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir would say to my father, ‘O abu Ja‘far, Allah has granted you kindness, by Allah, we know, if you take a dinar and the rate is eighteen and you go around the whole of al-Madinah to find one who would give you twenty, you will not find and this is no more than running away. My father would say, ‘You are right, by Allah, however, it is running away from falsehood to the truth . 555 

11- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَسْتَبْدِلُ الْكُوفِيَّةَ بِالشَّامِيَّةِ وَزْناً بِوَزْنٍ فَيَقُولُ الصَّيْرَفِيُّ لا أُبَدِّلُ لَكَ حَتَّى تُبَدِّلَ لِي يُوسُفِيَّةً بِغِلَّةٍ وَزْناً بِوَزْنٍ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ فَقُلْنَا إِنَّ الصَّيْرَفِيَّ إِنَّمَا طَلَبَ فَضْلَ الْيُوسُفِيَّةِ عَلَى الْغِلَّةِ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

11. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ibn Muskan from Muhammad al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who exchanged al-Kufiy (dirham) for al-Shamiy in equal weight, and the exchanger said, ‘I will not exchange it for you unless you exchange for me invalid Yusufiyah in equal weight . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful . 5 We then said, ‘The exchanger asked for the extra of invalid al-Yusufiyah only . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful . 555 

12- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عِنْدَهُ دَرَاهِمُ فَ‏آتِيهِ فَأَقُولُ حَوِّلْهَا دَنَانِيرَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ أَقْبِضَ شَيْئاً قَالَ لا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ يَكُونُ لِي عِنْدَهُ دَنَانِيرُ فَ‏آتِيهِ فَأَقُولُ حَوِّلْهَا لِي دَرَاهِمَ وَأَثْبِتْهَا عِنْدَكَ وَلَمْ أَقْبِضْ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً قَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Mansur ibn Yunus from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man with whom I had a certain amount of dinars; I asked him to change them to dirhams and keep them with himself. I did not take possession of any of them . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful . 555 

13- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ ابْتَاعَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ بِدِينَارٍ فَأَخَذَ بِنِصْفِهِ بَيْعاً وَبِنِصْفِهِ وَرِقاً قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَسَأَلْتُهُ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ بِنِصْفِهِ وَرِقاً أَوْ بَيْعاً وَيَتْرُكَ نِصْفَهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ بَعْدُ فَيَأْخُذَ بِهِ وَرِقاً أَوْ بَيْعاً قَالَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَتْرُكَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً حَتَّى آخُذَهُ جَمِيعاً فَلا يَفْعَلْهُ.

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who bought from another man with a dinar; half in the form of certain goods, and with the half in the form of dirham. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful . 5 I then asked, ‘Can he take half in the form of goods or dirham and leave the rest until he comes back and takes it in the form of dirham or goods ? 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not like his leaving anything without taking it all at once . 555 

14- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْتِينِي بِالْوَرِقِ فَأَشْتَرِيهَا مِنْهُ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ فَأَشْتَغِلُ عَنْ تَعْيِيرِ وَزْنِهَا وَانْتِقَادِهَا وَفَضْلِ مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ فِيهَا فَأُعْطِيهِ الدَّنَانِيرَ وَأَقُولُ لَهُ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ بَيْعٌ فَإِنِّي قَدْ نَقَضْتُ الَّذِي بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ مِنَ الْبَيْعِ وَوَرِقُكَ عِنْدِي قَرْضٌ وَدَنَانِيرِي عِنْدَكَ قَرْضٌ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَنِي مِنَ الْغَدِ وَأُبَايِعَهُ قَالَ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ.

14. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a man who came to me with dirham and I bought them from him with dinars; then I because of manner of weighing, cashing and the difference in between, I gave him dinars and said, ‘It is not a sale between us; I change what is between us in the form of sale. Your dirham with me is in the form of loan and my dinar with you is in the form of loan until you come tomorrow, then I sell . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful . 555 

15- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي الأسْرُبِّ يُشْتَرَى بِالْفِضَّةِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الْغَالِبُ عَلَيْهِ الأسْرُبَّ فَلا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “About the case of buying al-Asrub with silver, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If al- Asrub is more prevalent then it is not unlawful . 555 

16- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ الْمَالُ فَيَقْضِي بَعْضاً دَنَانِيرَ وَبَعْضاً دَرَاهِمَ فَإِذَا جَاءَ يُحَاسِبُنِي لِيُوَفِّيَنِي كَمَا يَكُونُ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ سِعْرُ الدَّنَانِيرِ أَيَّ السِّعْرَيْنِ أَحْسُبُ لَهُ الَّذِي كَانَ يَوْمَ أَعْطَانِي الدَّنَانِيرَ أَوْ سِعْرَ يَوْمِيَ الَّذِي أُحَاسِبُهُ قَالَ سِعْرَ يَوْمَ أَعْطَاكَ الدَّنَانِيرَ لأنَّكَ حَبَسْتَ مَنْفَعَتَهَا عَنْهُ.

16. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a man who owed me a certain amount of assets and paid me back a certain amount in dinars and others in dirhams. He came to finalize the account to pay me the difference because of the exchange in rate of dinar. Was it necessary to pay according to the rate in the day he paid me dinars or the day of accounting? He (the Imam) said, ‘He must pay you according to the rate of the day he gave you dinars because you counted the profit from that day . 555 

17- صَفْوَانُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَجِيئُنِي بِالْوَرِقِ يَبِيعُنِيهَا يُرِيدُ بِهَا وَرِقاً عِنْدِي فَهُوَ الْيَقِينُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ يُرِيدُ الدَّنَانِيرَ لَيْسَ يُرِيدُ إِلا الْوَرِقَ وَلا يَقُومُ حَتَّى يَأْخُذَ وَرِقِي فَأَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ الدَّرَاهِمَ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ فَلا يَكُونُ دَنَانِيرُهُ عِنْدِي كَامِلَةً فَأَسْتَقْرِضُ لَهُ مِنْ جَارِي فَأُعْطِيهِ كَمَالَ دَنَانِيرِهِ وَلَعَلِّي لا أُحْرِزُ وَزْنَهَا فَقَالَ أَلَيْسَ يَأْخُذُ وَفَاءَ الَّذِي لَهُ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ.

17. Safwan has narrated from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who came to me with dirham to sell them to me for the dirhams with me. He certainly did not want dinars but he wanted the dirham and he did not leave until he took my dirham. I bought from him dirham in exchange for dinars. His dinars were not with me in complete form so I borrowed from my neighbor and gave to him and perhaps I did not pay attention how much it weighed. He (the Imam) said, Is it, not the case that he takes it to offset what belongs to him?’ I replied, ‘Yes, that is true. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful/” 

18- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ أَبِي اشْتَرَى أَرْضاً وَاشْتَرَطَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهَا أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ وَرِقاً كُلُّ دِينَارٍ بِعَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ.

18. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Um ay r from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘My father purchased a piece of land and stipulated with the owner to pay him wariq (dirham) and dinar for ten dirham.”’ 

19- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) آتِي الصَّيْرَفِيَّ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ أَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ الدَّنَانِيرَ فَيَزِنُ لِي بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ حَقِّي ثُمَّ أَبْتَاعُ مِنْهُ مَكَانِي بِهَا دَرَاهِمَ قَالَ لَيْسَ بِهَا بَأْسٌ وَلَكِنْ لا تَزِنْ أَقَلَّ مِنْ حَقِّكَ.

19. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah from abu al-Mighra’ from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I go to the money changer with dirhams and buy from him dinars. He weighs for me more than my right. I then at the same place buy from him with it dirhams. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful but do not weigh less than your right.’” 

20- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لِلصَّائِغِ صُغْ لِي هَذَا الْخَاتَمَ وَأُبَدِّلَ لَكَ دِرْهَماً طَازَجاً بِدِرْهَمٍ غِلَّةٍ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

20. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who said to a jeweler, ‘Make for me this ring in exchange for one fresh dirham with one mixed dirham.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’” 

21- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ شِرَاءِ الذَّهَبِ فِيهِ الْفِضَّةُ وَالزِّيْبَقُ وَالتُّرَابُ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ وَالْوَرِقِ فَقَالَ لا تُصَارِفْهُ إِلا بِالْوَرِقِ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شِرَاءِ الْفِضَّةِ فِيهَا الرَّصَاصُ وَالْوَرِقُ إِذَا خَلَصَتْ نَقَصَتْ مِنْ كُلِّ عَشَرَةٍ دِرْهَمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاثَةً قَالَ لا يَصْلُحُ إِلا بِالذَّهَبِ.

21. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about buying gold in which there was silver, mercury and soil in exchange for dinars and wariq (dirham). He (the Imam) said, ‘You must not change except with wariq (dirham).’ I then asked him (the Imam) about buying silver in which there was lead and wariq (dirham). If it was pure it was reduced by two or three dirhams of each ten. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not valid except for gold.’” 

22- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْجَوْهَرِ الَّذِي يُخْرَجُ مِنَ الْمَعْدِنِ وَفِيهِ ذَهَبٌ وَفِضَّةٌ وَصُفْرٌ جَمِيعاً كَيْفَ نَشْتَرِيهِ فَقَالَ تَشْتَرِيهِ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ جَمِيعاً.

22. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-FIusayn ibn Sa‘id from ‘Abd Allah ibn Yahya from ibn Muskan from abu ‘Abd Allah, Mawla “Abd Rabbihi who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a substance that was taken from the mine in which there were gold, silver and zinc. How could we buy it? He (the Imam) said, ‘You can buy it with both gold and silver.’” 

23- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ الْعَقَرْقُوفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ بَيْعِ السَّيْفِ الْمُحَلَّى بِالنَّقْدِ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بَيْعِهِ بِالنَّسِيئَةِ فَقَالَ إِذَا نَقَدَ مِثْلَ مَا فِي فِضَّتِهِ فَلا بَأْسَ بِهِ أَوْ لَيُعْطِي الطَّعَامَ.

23. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Shu’ayb al-‘Aqarqufiy from abu Basir who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about selling the sword decorated with cash (gold or silver). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’ I then asked about selling on credit. He (the Imam) said, ‘If what is sold for cash is like what it is for its silver, then is not unlawful; or give foodstuff.’” 

24- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ الصَّائِغِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَمَّا يُكْنَسُ مِنَ التُّرَابِ فَأَبِيعُهُ فَمَا أَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِهِ فَإِمَّا لَكَ وَإِمَّا لأهْلِهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ ذَهَباً وَفِضَّةً وَحَدِيداً فَبِأَيِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ أَبِيعُهُ قَالَ بِعْهُ بِطَعَامٍ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ لِي قَرَابَةٌ مُحْتَاجٌ أُعْطِيهِ مِنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

24. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from Ali ibn Hadid from Ali ibn Maymun al-Sa‘igh who has said the following: “I (jewelry maker) once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about what was swept from the soil (in his shop) and I sold it and what to do about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘Give it as charity; it is your thing or that of your family.’ I then said, ‘There is gold, silver and iron in it. How should I sell?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Sell it in exchange for foodstuff.’ I then asked, ‘Can I give it to my needy relatives?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so.’” 

25- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ سُئِلَ عَنِ السَّيْفِ الْمُحَلَّى وَالسَّيْفِ الْحَدِيدِ الْمُمَوَّهِ يَبِيعُهُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَبِالذَّهَبِ وَقَالَ إِنَّهُ يُكْرَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ بِنَسِيئَةٍ وَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ الثَّمَنُ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ فَلا بَأْسَ.

25. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad who has said the following: “Once he (the Imam) (a.s.), was asked about the decorated sword and sword of iron which was gilded and was sold for dirhams. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, and it can be sold for gold also.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is Makruh (detestable) to sell it on credit.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If the price is more than silver, it is not unlawful.’” 

26- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هِلالٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) جَامٌ فِيهِ ذَهَبٌ وَفِضَّةٌ أَشْتَرِيهِ بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى تَخْلِيصِهِ فَلا وَإِنْ لَمْ تَقْدِرْ عَلَى تَخْلِيصِهِ فَلا بَأْسَ.

26. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Faddal from Ali ibn ‘Uqbah from Hamzah from Ibrahim ibn Hilal who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a bowl in which there were gold and silver; if I could buy it with gold or silver. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you can purify it, it is not lawful; but if you cannot purify, then it is lawful.’” 

27- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ تَجِيئُنِي الدَّرَاهِمُ بَيْنَهَا الْفَضْلُ فَنَشْتَرِيهِ بِالْفُلُوسِ فَقَالَ لا يَجُوزُ وَلَكِنِ انْظُرْ فَضْلَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَزِنْ نُحَاساً وَزِنِ الْفَضْلَ فَاجْعَلْهُ مَعَ الدَّرَاهِمِ الْجِيَادِ وَخُذْ وَزْناً بِوَزْنٍ.

27. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once said to him (the Imam) (a.s.), ‘We receive dirhams of different weight, then we buy them with al-Fulus,’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not lawful. Find the difference, then weigh copper and the difference then place it in good dirhams then take in equal weight.’” 

28- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ جَوْهَرِ الأسْرُبِّ وَهُوَ إِذَا خَلَصَ كَانَ فِيهِ فِضَّةٌ أَيَصْلُحُ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ الرَّجُلُ فِيهِ الدَّرَاهِمَ الْمُسَمَّاةَ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ الْغَالِبُ عَلَيْهِ اسْمَ الأسْرُبِّ فَلا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ يَعْنِي لا يُعْرَفُ إِلا بِالأسْرُبِّ.

28. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma’il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Mu‘awiyah or others who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of the substance of al-’Usrub which when purified had silver in it; if one could buy it for advance payment for a known amount of dirhams. He (the Imam) said, ‘If people know it as al-‘Usrub only then it is not unlawful.’” 

29- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ السُّيُوفِ الْمُحَلاةِ فِيهَا الْفِضَّةُ تُبَاعُ بِالذَّهَبِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَقَالَ إِنَّ النَّاسَ لَمْ يَخْتَلِفُوا فِي النَّسَاءِ أَنَّهُ الرِّبَا إِنَّمَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي الْيَدِ بِالْيَدِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَيَبِيعُهُ بِدَرَاهِمَ بِنَقْدٍ فَقَالَ كَانَ أَبِي يَقُولُ يَكُونُ مَعَهُ عَرْضٌ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِذَا كَانَتِ الدَّرَاهِمُ الَّتِي تُعْطَى أَكْثَرَ مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ الَّتِي فِيهَا فَقَالَ وَكَيْفَ لَهُمْ بِالاحْتِيَاطِ بِذَلِكَ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يَعْرِفُونَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانُوا يَعْرِفُونَ ذَلِكَ فَلا بَأْسَ وَإِلا فَإِنَّهُمْ يَجْعَلُونَ مَعَهُ الْعَرْضَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ.

29. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all from Safwan from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam); ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of decorated swords in which there was silver sold for gold for an appointed time. He (the Imam) said, ‘People do not differ that on credit; it is Riba ’ (unlawful additional payment). They differ about the deal of hand in hand.’ I then asked, ‘Can he buy it with dirhams in cash?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘My father would say, “I like it to be along with something.’” I then asked, ‘What happens if dirhams given are more than the silver in it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘How can they maintain precaution in it?’ I said that they think they know it. He (the Imam) said, ‘If they know it then it is not unlawful, otherwise, if they include something else along with it, is more desirable to me.”’ 

30- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الأنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ فَيُعْطِينِي الْمُكْحُلَةَ فَقَالَ الْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ كُحْلٍ فَهُوَ دَيْنٌ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَرُدَّهُ عَلَيْكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.

30. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from abu Muhammad al-Ansariy from ‘ Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who owed me a certain amount of dirham and gave me a container of al-Kohl. He (the Imam) said, ‘Silver is for silver and al-Kohl in it is a debt on him until he returns it to you on the Day of Judgment.’” 

31- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لا يَبْتَاعُ رَجُلٌ فِضَّةً بِذَهَبٍ إِلا يَداً بِيَدٍ وَلا يَبْتَاعُ ذَهَباً بِفِضَّةٍ إِلا يَداً بِيَدٍ.

31. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asim ibn Humayd from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘One must not sell silver for gold unless it is in a hand in hand deal; and gold is not sold in exchange for silver unless it is in a hand in hand deal.’” 

32- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي مِنَ الرَّجُلِ الدَّرَاهِمَ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ فَيَزِنُهَا وَيَنْقُدُهَا وَيَحْسُبُ ثَمَنَهَا كَمْ هُوَ دِينَاراً ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَرْسِلْ غُلامَكَ مَعِي حَتَّى أُعْطِيَهُ الدَّنَانِيرَ فَقَالَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يُفَارِقَهُ حَتَّى يَأْخُذَ الدَّنَانِيرَ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ فِي دَارٍ وَحْدَهُ وَأَمْكِنَتُهُمْ قَرِيبَةٌ بَعْضُهَا مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَهَذَا يَشُقُّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ إِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ وَزْنِهَا وَإِنْقَادِهَا فَلْيَأْمُرِ الْغُلامَ الَّذِي يُرْسِلُهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ هُوَ الَّذِي يُبَايِعُهُ وَيَدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ الْوَرِقَ وَيَقْبِضُ مِنْهُ الدَّنَانِيرَ حَيْثُ يَدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ الْوَرِقَ.

32. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a man who bought dirhams in exchange for dinars; then weighed them, cashed them and counted their prices to find the amount of dinar, then said to him to send his slave so he gave him dinars. He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not like his separation before taking dinars.’ I then said, ‘It is only in the same house and their places are close to each other and this becomes difficult for them.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When he completes weighing and cashing he must instruct the slave that he wants to send, to become the seller and give the wariq (dirham) to him and receive dinars from him as he delivers to him the wariq (dirham).”’ 

33- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بَيْعِ الذَّهَبِ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ فَيَقُولُ أَرْسِلْ رَسُولا فَيَسْتَوْفِيَ لَكَ ثَمَنَهُ فَيَقُولُ هَاتِ وَهَلُمَّ وَيَكُونُ رَسُولُكَ مَعَهُ. 

33. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about selling gold in exchange for dirham. He (the Imam) said, ‘Send a messenger to receive the price saying, ‘Give that and take this.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 2, Chapter 115