Virtue and Excellence of Serving in the Army

Jihad of Man and Woman

Kinds of Jihad (struggle)

To Whom Does the Obligation of Jihad Apply, and to Whom it Does not Apply

Mobilization Along with People when there is Fear for al-Islam

Under Whose Command Obligatory Jihad Takes Place?

‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd and al-Mu’taziliy Groups’ Visiting abu ‘Abd Allah ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Recommendations of the Messenger of Allah and Amir al-Mu’minin, about Smaller Armed Expeditions

Chapter 9(a) - Granting Immunity

Chapter 9(b)

Chapter 9(c)

Challenging the Enemy for a Fight

Kindness to the Prisoners and Providing Him Food

Calling to al-Islam before Fighting

Chapter 13(a) - Matters about which Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s), Recommended at the Time of War

Chapter 13(b)

It is not Lawful for a Muslim to Reside in a War Zone

Chapter 15(a) - Distribution of the Properties Captured from the Enemy

Chapter 15(b)

Chapter 15(c)

The Slogan

The Virtue of Maintaining Horses, Racing and Sharp Shooting Contests

Man’s Defending Himself Against the Thief

The Case of one Murdered over His Stolen Property

Chapter 20(a) - The Excellence of Martyrdom

Chapter 20(b)

Chapter 20(c)

Commanding others what is Obligatory and to Prohibit them from doing Evil

Chapter 22(a) - Rejecting Evil in one’s Heart

Chapter 22(b)

The Case of those who Displease the Creator to Please the Creatures

It is Detestable to Expose One’s Self to What He Cannot Endure

Al-Sufiy People’s Visiting Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam

The Meaning of Zuhd (Asceticism)

Using the Worldly Resources as Means for Success in the Hereafter

The Degree Of Efforts Which One Must Make In Search For One’s Sustenance To Follow In the Footsteps of ‘A’immah ‘Alayhim al-Salam

Promoting The Quest For Sustenance And Work To Make A Living

Al^Ibla’ (Trying) in the Work for Living

Meticulous Effort to Make a Living

Receiving Sustenance from Unexpected Sources

The Detestability of Sleeping and Passing Time without Work

Detestability of Laziness

One’s Working in His House

Amending one’s Properties and Planning for one’s Living

Hard Work for the Family

Earning Lawful kind of Sustenance

Saving for One’s Living Expenses

Detestability of Offering Oneself for Hire

Performing Personally one’s Business Tasks

Buying and Selling Real Estate

Debts and Borrowing

Payment of Debts

To Retaliate and Offset for Debts

When a Man Dies Payment of his Debts becomes Due

The Case of One Who Borrows But Does Not Intend To Pay Back

Sell off Debts in Exchange for Debts

Etiquette of Asking for Payment

The Case of Delaying Due Payment

Lodging With a Borrower When Demanding Payment

Chapter 28(a) - The Case of Gift to a Creditor

Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral

Working for al-Sultan and his Rewards

The Conditions to Work for al-Sultan

Selling Arms to al- Sultan

The Crafts (Technologies)

The Legal Status of Income from Cupping Operation

Income from Eulogizing Someone to Make People Mourn

The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising

The Legal Status of the Income of Female Singer from Singing and Selling Singers (Slave-girls)

The Legal Status of Income from Teaching

The legal Status of Income from Selling Copies of the Holy Quran

Gambling and Looting

Earning in Unlawful ways

Unlawful Earnings in the form of al-Suht such as Buying and Selling of Intoxicating Liquors . . .

Consuming the Properties of Orphans

The Amount a Supervisor of the Properties of Orphans Can Lawfully Use

Using the Properties of Orphans in Business and Lending

Safe Return of Trust

A Father and Son’s Using Each Others Properties

A Husband and Wife’s Using Each Other’s Properties

Found and Lost Properties

Gifts and Presents

Rule about Unlawful Interest

Unlawful Interest Does Not Apply Between a Father and Son

The Excellence of Doing Business and Giving It Proper Attention

Etiquettes of Doing Business

Excellence of Keeping Accounts and Books

Entering the Market Before Others

Speaking of Allah, Most High, in the Market

Words to Say When Buying for Resale Purposes

People With Whom Doing Business Is Not Recommended

Using Proper and Improper Measurements in Business

Cheating in Business

Swearing at the Time of Buying and Selling

The Case of Prices of Goods

The Case of Monopolization (Hoarding) Goods in Public Demand

Another Chapter

Excellence of Buying Wheat and Food

Detestability of Estimating and Preferability of Using Measurements

Continuing Profitable Businesses

1- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ الْمُوسِرَةِ قَدْ حَجَّتْ حَجَّةَ الإسْلامِ فَتَقُولُ لِزَوْجِهَا أَحِجَّنِي مِنْ مَالِي أَلَهُ أَنْ يَمْنَعَهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ يَقُولُ حَقِّي عَلَيْكِ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حَقِّكِ عَلَيَّ فِي هَذَا.

1. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of an affluent woman who has performed Hajjatu al-Islam and she asks her husband to take her for al-Hajj from her own assets if he can deny her. He (the Imam) said, ’Yes, he can do so by saying, “My right on you is greater than your right on me in this issue.’”” 

2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ ذَكَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) النِّسَاءَ فَقَالَ اعْصُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْمُرْنَكُمْ بِالْمُنْكَرِ وَتَعَوَّذُوا بِاللهِ مِنْ شِرَارِهِنَّ وَكُونُوا مِنْ خِيَارِهِنَّ عَلَى حَذَرٍ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that women were mentioned before the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and he (the Messenger of Allah) said, ’Disobey women in lawful matters before they command you to do unlawful acts and you must seek refuge with Allah against the wicked women and remain on your guard with the good ones of them.’” 

3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ أَطَاعَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَكَبَّهُ اللهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فِي النَّارِ قِيلَ وَمَا تِلْكَ الطَّاعَةُ قَالَ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ الذَّهَابَ إِلَى الْحَمَّامَاتِ وَالْعُرُسَاتِ وَالْعِيدَاتِ وَالنِّيَاحَاتِ وَالثِّيَابَ الرِّقَاقَ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Whoever obeys his woman Allah throws him on his face in the fire.’ It was asked, ‘What kind of obeying is it?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) replied, ‘It is when she asks him to take her to public baths (like beach areas), wedding ceremonies (with dancing and so on) and ‘Id parties, mourning programs (with unlawful activities) and to find see-through clothes.’” 

4- وَبِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ طَاعَةُ الْمَرْأَةِ نَدَامَةٌ.

4. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith the following is narrated: “He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Obeying the woman brings regret.’” 

5- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي كَلامٍ لَهُ اتَّقُوا شِرَارَ النِّسَاءِ وَكُونُوا مِنْ خِيَارِهِنَّ عَلَى حَذَرٍ وَإِنْ أَمَرْنَكُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فَخَالِفُوهُنَّ كَيْ لا يَطْمَعْنَ مِنْكُمْ فِي الْمُنْكَرِ.

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father from those whom he has mentioned from al- Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said in one of his speeches, ‘You must stay away from wicked women and remain on your guard with the good ones. If they command you to do good things oppose them so that they will not expect you to listen to their unlawful demand.’” 

6- وَعَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) النِّسَاءُ فَقَالَ لا تُشَاوِرُوهُنَّ فِي النَّجْوَى وَلا تُطِيعُوهُنَّ فِي ذِي قَرَابَةٍ.

6. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from his father in a marfu’ manner who has said the following: “Once women were mentioned before abu Ja’far (a.s.), and he (the Imam) said, ‘You must not ask for their advice in private (secret) matters and you must not listen to them in the issues about the relatives.’” 

7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ تَعَوَّذُوا بِاللهِ مِنْ طَالِحَاتِ نِسَائِكُمْ وَكُونُوا مِنْ خِيَارِهِنَّ عَلَى حَذَرٍ وَلا تُطِيعُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ فَيَأْمُرْنَكُمْ بِالْمُنْكَرِ.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from “Amr ibn ‘Uthman from al-Muttalib ibn Ziyad in a marfu’ manner who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must ask refuge with Allah against the wicked ones of your women and remain on your guard with the good ones of them. You must not listen to them in lawful matters so that they command you to do unlawful acts.’” 

8- وَعَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ الْجَامُورَانِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ صَنْدَلٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِيَّاكُمْ وَمُشَاوَرَةَ النِّسَاءِ فَإِنَّ فِيهِنَّ الضَّعْفَ وَالْوَهْنَ وَالْعَجْزَ.

8. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from abu ‘Abd Allah al-Jamuraniy from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn abu Hamzah from Sandal from ibn Muskan from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘You must not take advice from women because there is weakness, feebleness and incapacity in them.’” 

9- وَعَنْهُ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا يُكَنَّى أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي خِلافِ النِّسَاءِ الْبَرَكَةُ.

9. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from a man of our people called abu ‘Abd Allah, in a marfu’ manner who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘There is blessing in opposing (unlawful desires) of women.’” 

10- وَبِهَذَا الإسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) كُلُّ امْرِئٍ تُدَبِّرُهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَهُوَ مَلْعُونٌ.

10. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith the following is narrated: “’Amir al-Mu’minin ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A man who follows (unlawful) policies of woman is condemned.’” 

11- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَيْفٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِذَا أَرَادَ الْحَرْبَ دَعَا نِسَاءَهُ فَاسْتَشَارَهُنَّ ثُمَّ خَالَفَهُنَ‏.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sayf from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar in a marfu’ manner who has said the following: “Whenever the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, was about to embark on an armed expedition, he would call his wives for advice and then oppose them.’” (Details of such advice are not mentioned) 

12- عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ اسْتَعِيذُوا بِاللهِ مِنْ شِرَارِ نِسَائِكُمْ وَكُونُوا مِنْ خِيَارِهِنَّ عَلَى حَذَرٍ وَلا تُطِيعُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ فَيَدْعُونَكُمْ إِلَى الْمُنْكَرِ وَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) النِّسَاءُ لا يُشَاوَرْنَ فِي النَّجْوَى وَلا يُطَعْنَ فِي ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ إِذَا أَسَنَّتْ ذَهَبَ خَيْرُ شَطْرَيْهَا وَبَقِيَ شَرُّهُمَا وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ يَعْقِمُ رَحِمُهَا وَيَسُوءُ خُلُقُهَا وَيَحْتَدُّ لِسَانُهَا وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا أَسَنَّ ذَهَبَ شَرُّ شَطْرَيْهِ وَبَقِيَ خَيْرُهُمَا وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ يَئُوبُ عَقْلُهُ وَيَسْتَحْكِمُ رَأْيُهُ وَيَحْسُنُ خُلُقُهُ. 

12. Ali has narrated from his father from “Amr ibn ‘Uthman from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must ask for refuge with Allah against the wicked ones of your women and remain on your guard with the good ones of them. You must not obey them in lawful matters so that they will not call you to do unlawful things. He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘You must not take advice from women about private (secret) matters and you must not listen to them about the matters of relatives. When a woman becomes old both parts of her goodness vanish and both parts of wickedness remain; her womb becomes barren, her moral manners turn to wickedness and her tongue becomes sharp. When man becomes old both parts of his wickedness vanish and both parts of his goodness remain; his reason becomes pure, his opinion firm and his moral behavior good.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

Book 3, Chapter 157