10:1الٓر تِلْكَ آيَاتُ الْكِتَابِ الْحَكِيمِ
Alif, Lam, Ra. These are the signs of the Wise Book.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:1
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:1]
See the commentary of al Baqarah: 1 for Alif Lam Ra-huruf muqatta-at. For the "book of wisdom" see commentary of al kitab in al-Baqarah: 2; and Aqa Mahdi Puya's essay "The genuineness of the holy Quran."
10:2أَكَانَ لِلنَّاسِ عَجَبًا أَنْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِّنْهُمْ أَنْ أَنذِرِ النَّاسَ وَبَشِّرِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنَّ لَهُمْ قَدَمَ صِدْقٍ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ قَالَ الْكَافِرُونَ إِنَّ هَذَا لَسَاحِرٌ مُّبِينٌ
Does it seem odd to these people that We have revealed to a man from among themselves, [declaring], ‘Warn mankind, and give good news to the faithful that they are in good standing with their Lord’? The faithless say, ‘This is indeed a plain magician.’
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:2
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:2]
Rajul (man) refers to the Holy Prophet- neither a god-incarnate, nor a demi-god. The pagans of Arabia, like the pagans elsewhere, had no conception of prophethood and revelation at all. They would understand incarnation (God becoming man) or believe in any heavenly agency (angels), but it was beyond their comprehension that a human being like them could be the messenger of Allah. They misjudged the fact of messengership by attributing it to magic and sorcery.
"Those who believe" refers to Ali, Khadijah and Abu Talib who were the first and the foremost believers in Allah and in the divine mission of the Holy Prophet. Refer to the commentary of al Bara-at: 100 and 113. The Quran does not praise or condemn any individual by mentioning his or her name, but refers to the praiseworthy merits or condemnable evils so that any such verse may be applied to any person according to the degree of merit or evil described therein, in order that every one should try to own goodness and avoid evil.
Ibn Marduwayh reports on the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah Ansari that this verse was revealed as a special reference to Ali ibn abi Talib. Also refer to Tafsir Burhan vol. 2, p. 177 and Tafsir Qartabi vol. 5, p. 3145.
Qadama sidq (a firm footing), which also implies "great grace", refers to the authority of intercession the Holy Prophet and his Ahl ul Bayt possess, given to them by Allah, to obtain forgiveness from Allah for the believers. Refer to the commentary of al Baqarah: 48.
10:3إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ مَا مِن شَفِيعٍ إِلَّا مِن بَعْدِ إِذْنِهِ ذَلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ
Indeed your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, and then settled on the Throne, directing the command. There is no intercessor, except by His leave. That is Allah, your Lord! So worship Him. Will you not then take admonition?
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:3
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:3]
Refer to the commentary of al Araf: 54.
Again it is mentioned in this verse that with His permission intercession is allowed. Refer to the commentary of al Baqarah: 48. The duration of a day (yawm) can be a moment or fifty thousand years. See al Ma-arij: 4.
Thumma, used in all such verses where creation has been mentioned along with total omnipotent control, refers only to function, not to time.
10:4إِلَيْهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًا وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقًّا إِنَّهُ يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ لِيَجْزِيَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ بِالْقِسْطِ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَهُمْ شَرَابٌ مِّنْ حَمِيمٍ وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ
To Him will be the return of you all; [that is] Allah’s true promise. Indeed, He originates the creation, then He will bring it back that He may reward with justice those who have faith and do righteous deeds. As for the faithless, they shall have boiling water for drink, and a painful punishment because of what they used to defy.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:4
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:4]
Haqq-the promise of Allah is sure, certain, true, right, for just ends, in right proportions-all these ideas are implied. Allah's creation is continuous, there are many stages, the most important of which is the hereafter.
The sun, the moon and all other heavenly bodies are created beings, created to serve man, therefore he should not bow to them as gods-they have been created to demonstrate the truth of the divine unity. The boiling fluid is a symbol of the grievous penalty that results from rebellion against Allah.
10:5هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيَاءً وَالْقَمَرَ نُورًا وَقَدَّرَهُ مَنَازِلَ لِتَعْلَمُوا عَدَدَ السِّنِينَ وَالْحِسَابَ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ يُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ
It is He who made the sun a radiance and the moon a light, and ordained its phases that you might know the number of years and the calculation [of time]. Allah did not create all that except with justice. He elaborates the signs for a people who have knowledge.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:5
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:5] (see commentary for verse 4)
10:6إِنَّ فِي اخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَّقُونَ
Indeed in the alternation of night and day, and whatever Allah has created in the heavens and the earth, there are surely signs for a people who are Godwary.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:6
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:6]
Refer to the commentary of al Baqarah: 164 and An-am: 1.
10:7إِنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا وَرَضُوا بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَاطْمَأَنُّوا بِهَا وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا غَافِلُونَ
Indeed those who do not expect to encounter Us and who are pleased with the life of this world and satisfied with it, and those who are oblivious of Our signs
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:7
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:7]
Liqa-ana (meeting with Us) does not mean seeing Allah; it refers to the ultimate return to Allah for the final accountability.
10:8أُولَئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ
—it is they whose refuge shall be the Fire because of what they used to earn.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:8
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:8]
10:9إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ يَهْدِيهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِإِيمَانِهِمْ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهِمُ الْأَنْهَارُ فِي جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ
Indeed those who have faith and do righteous deeds, their Lord guides them by the means of their faith. Streams will run for them in gardens of bliss.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 10:9
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:9]
The joy of the believers in paradise is in the glory of Allah. The greetings they give and the greetings they receive are of peace and harmony, in a continuous state of bliss.
10:10دَعْوَاهُمْ فِيهَا سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَتَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلَامٌ وَآخِرُ دَعْوَاهُمْ أَنِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
Their call therein will be, ‘O Allah! Immaculate are You!’ and their greeting therein will be, ‘Peace!’ and their concluding call, ‘All praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:10]
10:11وَلَوْ يُعَجِّلُ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّرَّ اسْتِعْجَالَهُم بِالْخَيْرِ لَقُضِيَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَجَلُهُمْ فَنَذَرُ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ
Were Allah to hasten ill for mankind with their haste for good, their term would have been over. But We leave those who do not expect to encounter Us bewildered in their rebellion.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:11]
Refer to the commentary of verse 7 of this surah; also refer to the commentary of al Baqarah : 15 (8 to 20).
10:12وَإِذَا مَسَّ الْإِنسَانَ الضُّرُّ دَعَانَا لِجَنبِهِ أَوْ قَاعِدًا أَوْ قَائِمًا فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُ ضُرَّهُ مَرَّ كَأَن لَّمْ يَدْعُنَا إِلَى ضُرٍّ مَّسَّهُ كَذَلِكَ زُيِّنَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
When distress befalls man, he supplicates Us, [lying] on his side, sitting, or standing; but when We remove his distress, he passes on as if he had never supplicated Us concerning the distress that had befallen him. What they have been doing is thus presented as decorous to the transgressors.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:12]
10:13وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا الْقُرُونَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ لَمَّا ظَلَمُوا وَجَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَمَا كَانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِي الْقَوْمَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
Certainly We destroyed generations before you when they perpetrated wrongs: their apostles brought them manifest proofs, but they would not have faith. Thus do We requite the guilty lot.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:13]
10:14ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكُمْ خَلَائِفَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مِن بَعْدِهِمْ لِنَنظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ
Then We made you successors on the earth after them that We may observe how you will act.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:14]
10:15وَإِذَا تُتْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا ائْتِ بِقُرْآنٍ غَيْرِ هَذَا أَوْ بَدِّلْهُ قُلْ مَا يَكُونُ لِي أَنْ أُبَدِّلَهُ مِن تِلْقَاءِ نَفْسِي إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلَّا مَا يُوحَى إِلَيَّ إِنِّي أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّي عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
When Our manifest signs are recited to them, those who do not expect to encounter Us say, ‘Bring a Quran other than this, or alter it.’ Say, ‘I may not alter it of my own accord. I follow only what is revealed to me. Indeed should I disobey my Lord, I fear the punishment of a tremendous day.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:15]
For "meeting with Us" refer to the commentary of verse 7 of this surah.
Some notable idolworshippers like Abdullah bin Ubayy, Walid bin Mughirah, Amr bin Abdullah and As bin Amir asked the Holy Prophet to bring another Quran which did not so vehemently and uncompromisingly denounce the idols and idol worship, or to make some changes therein, by way of compromise, to suit their taste. The Holy Prophet never said anything of his own will. Whatever he said was revelation revealed. See An Najm: 3 and 4. So there was no possibility of accommodating the wild wishes of the idolaters. He could not, on his own authority, effect any change in the verses of the Quran. Prophet Isa had also mentioned this unique and exclusive quality of the Holy Prophet:
"When he comes who is the spirit of truth, he will guide you into all the truth; for he will not speak on his own authority, but will tell only what he hears." (John 16: 13)
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
In many verses the Quran asserts that the Holy Prophet does not do anything or say any word on his own authority but he follows that which is revealed to him. All his sayings are also revelation, though not the part of the Quran, as made clear in verse 101 to 103 of al Nahl, but equally decisive and binding.
10:16قُل لَّوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مَا تَلَوْتُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا أَدْرَاكُم بِهِ فَقَدْ لَبِثْتُ فِيكُمْ عُمُرًا مِّن قَبْلِهِ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ
Say, ‘Had Allah [so] wished, I would not have recited it to you, nor would He have made it known to you, for I have dwelled among you for a lifetime before it. Do you not exercise your reason?’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:16]
The Holy Prophet had lived his whole life of purity and virtue amongst his people, and they knew and acknowledged it before he declared his divine mission. His fair character and honourable bearing won the approbation of the fellow citizens; and he received the title, by common consent, of al-amin (the trusted) and al-sadiq (the truthful). The Holy Prophet's truthfulness was a byword in Makka. Then under Allah's command he preached the unity of Allah and denounced idolatry.
10:17فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِآيَاتِهِ إِنَّهُ لَا يُفْلِحُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ
So who is a greater wrongdoer than him who fabricates a lie against Allah, or denies His signs? Indeed the guilty will not be felicitous.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:17]
10:18وَيَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَضُرُّهُمْ وَلَا يَنفَعُهُمْ وَيَقُولُونَ هَؤُلَاءِ شُفَعَاؤُنَا عِندَ اللَّهِ قُلْ أَتُنَبِّئُونَ اللَّهَ بِمَا لَا يَعْلَمُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَلَا فِي الْأَرْضِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
They worship besides Allah that which neither causes them any harm, nor brings them any benefit, and they say, ‘These are our intercessors with Allah.’ Say, ‘Will you inform Allah about something He does not know in the heavens or on the earth?’ Immaculate is He and exalted above [having] any partners that they ascribe [to Him]!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:18]
To pretend that there are other powers than Allah is to invent lies. The idolaters shut their eyes to the goodness and glory of Allah, and go after false gods, and say by way of excuse that their (false) gods will intercede for them and save them from eternal punishment on the day of judgment. Even the noblest cannot intercede as a right, but only with His permission. See commentary of al Baqarah: 48.
10:19وَمَا كَانَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً فَاخْتَلَفُوا وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ فِيمَا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ
Mankind were but a single [religious] community; then they differed. And were it not for a prior decree of your Lord, decision would have been made between them concerning that about which they differ.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:19]
Refer to the commentary of al Baqarah; 213.
In His universal plan Allah has deferred the final judgment till the day of resurrection, otherwise the idolaters would have been punished at once.
10:20وَيَقُولُونَ لَوْلَا أُنزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِ فَقُلْ إِنَّمَا الْغَيْبُ لِلَّهِ فَانتَظِرُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ الْمُنتَظِرِينَ
They say, ‘Why has not some sign been sent down to him from his Lord?’ Say, ‘[The knowledge of] the Unseen belongs only to Allah. So wait. I too am waiting along with you.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:20]
10:21وَإِذَا أَذَقْنَا النَّاسَ رَحْمَةً مِّن بَعْدِ ضَرَّاءَ مَسَّتْهُمْ إِذَا لَهُم مَّكْرٌ فِي آيَاتِنَا قُلِ اللَّهُ أَسْرَعُ مَكْرًا إِنَّ رُسُلَنَا يَكْتُبُونَ مَا تَمْكُرُونَ
When We let people taste [Our] mercy after a distress that has befallen them, behold, they scheme against Our signs! Say, ‘Allah is more swift at devising.’ Indeed Our messengers write down what you scheme.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:21]
This verse is of a general application, but it also refers to a particular event. The unruly people of Makka were afflicted with a severe famine, but, no sooner were they relieved by the mercy of Allah on the petitioning of the Holy Prophet, they again began to charge him with imposture. Rusulana refers to the recording angels.
10:22هُوَ الَّذِي يُسَيِّرُكُمْ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنتُمْ فِي الْفُلْكِ وَجَرَيْنَ بِهِم بِرِيحٍ طَيِّبَةٍ وَفَرِحُوا بِهَا جَاءَتْهَا رِيحٌ عَاصِفٌ وَجَاءَهُمُ الْمَوْجُ مِن كُلِّ مَكَانٍ وَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ أُحِيطَ بِهِمْ دَعَوُا اللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ لَئِنْ أَنجَيْتَنَا مِنْ هَذِهِ لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ
It is He who carries you across land and sea. When you are in the ships, and they sail along with them with a favourable wind, exulting in it, there comes upon them a tempestuous wind and waves assail them from every side, and they think that they are besieged, they invoke Allah putting exclusive faith in Him, ‘If You deliver us from this, we will surely be among the grateful.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:22]
Refer to the commentary of al An-am: 63 and 64.
Allah has freely given intelligence, power of observation and contemplation to man, out of His grace, on which the disbelievers pride themselves and remain petty and boastful, as is illustrated by the parable from the sea. In their insolence and pride they do not see how small and ephemeral is that which is mortal. By their pretensions they only hurt themselves. Verse 25 says that in contrast with the mortal life of this world, there is a higher life to which Allah is always calling. There is no fear, nor disappointment, nor sorrow there. All are called but only those will be chosen who have sought, not material advantages, but the good pleasure of Allah.
Salam (peace) is from the same root as Islam, the religion of unity, harmony and bliss. Salam is also one of the holy names Allah is addressed with. To become a Muslim means to live in peace with the Creator-Lord by submitting to His will and to be in peace with His creation, particularly mankind. The peace of this world leads to the peace or bliss of the hereafter. Refer to the commentary of al Fatihah: 6 and 7 for the "right path."
10:23فَلَمَّا أَنجَاهُمْ إِذَا هُمْ يَبْغُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ يَاأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّمَا بَغْيُكُمْ عَلَى أَنفُسِكُم مَّتَاعَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ إِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَنُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
But when He delivers them, behold, they commit violations on the earth unduly! O mankind! Your violations are only to your own detriment. [These are] the wares of the life of this world; then to Us will be your return, whereat We will inform you concerning what you used to do.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:23] (see commentary for verse 22)
10:24إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا كَمَاءٍ أَنزَلْنَاهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَاخْتَلَطَ بِهِ نَبَاتُ الْأَرْضِ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ النَّاسُ وَالْأَنْعَامُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَتِ الْأَرْضُ زُخْرُفَهَا وَازَّيَّنَتْ وَظَنَّ أَهْلُهَا أَنَّهُمْ قَادِرُونَ عَلَيْهَا أَتَاهَا أَمْرُنَا لَيْلًا أَوْ نَهَارًا فَجَعَلْنَاهَا حَصِيدًا كَأَن لَّمْ تَغْنَ بِالْأَمْسِ كَذَلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ
The parable of the life of this world is that of water which We send down from the sky. It mingles with the earth’s vegetation from which humans and cattle eat. When the earth puts on its luster and is adorned, and its inhabitants think they have power over it, Our edict comes to it, by night or day, whereat We turn it into a mown field, as if it did not flourish the day before. Thus do We elaborate the signs for a people who reflect.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:24] (see commentary for verse 22)
10:25وَاللَّهُ يَدْعُو إِلَى دَارِ السَّلَامِ وَيَهْدِي مَن يَشَاءُ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ
Allah invites to the abode of peace, and He guides whomever He wishes to a straight path.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:25] (see commentary for verse 22)
10:26لِّلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا الْحُسْنَى وَزِيَادَةٌ وَلَا يَرْهَقُ وُجُوهَهُمْ قَتَرٌ وَلَا ذِلَّةٌ أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ
Those who are virtuous shall receive the best reward and an enhancement. Neither dust nor abasement shall overcast their faces. They shall be the inhabitants of paradise, and they shall remain in it [forever].
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:26]
The reward of the righteous will be far more than in proportion to their merits. While the blessed will be rewarded beyond their merits, the condemned, who earn evil (bring it on themselves by the deliberate choice of evil), will receive their punishment only with exact justice.
Night is the negation of light (bliss).
Refer to the commentary of al An-am: 22 to 24.
10:27وَالَّذِينَ كَسَبُوا السَّيِّئَاتِ جَزَاءُ سَيِّئَةٍ بِمِثْلِهَا وَتَرْهَقُهُمْ ذِلَّةٌ مَّا لَهُم مِّنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ عَاصِمٍ كَأَنَّمَا أُغْشِيَتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ قِطَعًا مِّنَ اللَّيْلِ مُظْلِمًا أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ
For those who have committed misdeeds, the requital of a misdeed shall be its like, and they shall be overcast by abasement. They shall have no one to protect [them] from Allah. [They will be] as if their faces were covered with dark patches of the night. They shall be the inmates of the Fire, and they shall remain in it [forever].
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:27] (see commentary for verse 26)
10:28وَيَوْمَ نَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ نَقُولُ لِلَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا مَكَانَكُمْ أَنتُمْ وَشُرَكَاؤُكُمْ فَزَيَّلْنَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَقَالَ شُرَكَاؤُهُم مَّا كُنتُمْ إِيَّانَا تَعْبُدُونَ
On the day when We gather them all together, We shall say to those who ascribe partners [to Allah], ‘Stay where you are—you and your partners!’ Then We shall set them apart from one another, and their partners will say, ‘It was not us that you worshipped.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:28] (see commentary for verse 26)
10:29فَكَفَى بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ إِن كُنَّا عَنْ عِبَادَتِكُمْ لَغَافِلِينَ
Allah suffices as a witness between you and us. We were indeed unaware of your worship.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:29] (see commentary for verse 26)
10:30هُنَالِكَ تَبْلُو كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَّا أَسْلَفَتْ وَرُدُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مَوْلَاهُمُ الْحَقِّ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ
There every soul will examine what it has sent in advance, and they will be returned to Allah, their real master, and what they used to fabricate will forsake them.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:30] (see commentary for verse 26)
10:31قُلْ مَن يَرْزُقُكُم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَمَّن يَمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ وَالْأَبْصَارَ وَمَن يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَمَن يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ فَسَيَقُولُونَ اللَّهُ فَقُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
Say, ‘Who provides for you out of the sky and the earth? Who controls [your] hearing and sight, and who brings forth the living from the dead and brings forth the dead from the living, and who directs the command?’ They will say, ‘Allah.’ Say, ‘Will you not then be wary [of Him]?’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:31]
Refer to the commentary of Ali Imran: 27; An-am: 96 for "bringing forth the living from the dead and the dead from the living." It also implies that Allah brings whomsoever He wills out of the darkness (ignorance) into the light (wisdom) and takes whomsoever He wills out of the light into the darkness-see commentary of al Baqarah: 257.
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
The Quran draws the attention of mankind to the following:
(1) The co-ordination of the forces of the heavens and the earth in the production of provisions for sustenance of life on the earth.
(2) Matter is subservient to mind. It is the mind which controls and employs the matter. The possessor of a finite mind cannot be universal and infinite.
(3) Neither life nor death is a necessary property of matter because it is an effect, not a cause, though it is controlled by life and death. The cause of life is life; and absence of life is death.
(4) The order found in the operation of the universe cannot be an outcome of disorder. It is the wisdom which regulates it. Therefore the answer to every question is Allah.
10:32فَذَلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمُ الْحَقُّ فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا الضَّلَالُ فَأَنَّى تُصْرَفُونَ
That, then, is Allah, your true Lord. So what is there after the truth except error? Then where are you being led away?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:32]
The wisdom of Allah demonstrated in the working of the universe is the real truth as against the false worship and false gods that the disbelieving men and women set up.
10:33كَذَلِكَ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ فَسَقُوا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ
Thus the word of your Lord became due against those who transgress, that they shall not have faith.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:33]
10:34قُلْ هَلْ مِن شُرَكَائِكُم مَّن يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ قُلِ اللَّهُ يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ فَأَنَّى تُؤْفَكُونَ
Say, ‘Is there anyone among your partners who originates the creation and then brings it back?’ Say, ‘Allah originates the creation, then He will bring it back.’ Then where do you stray?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:34]
The false gods can neither create out of nothing nor sustain the creative energy which maintains the universe.
10:35قُلْ هَلْ مِن شُرَكَائِكُم مَّن يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ قُلِ اللَّهُ يَهْدِي لِلْحَقِّ أَفَمَن يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ أَحَقُّ أَن يُتَّبَعَ أَمَّن لَّا يَهِدِّي إِلَّا أَن يُهْدَى فَمَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ
Say, ‘Is there anyone among your partners who may guide to the truth?’ Say, ‘Allah guides to the truth. Is He who guides to the truth worthier to be followed, or he who is not guided unless shown the way? What is the matter with you? How do you judge?’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:35]
The questions asked in this verse contain the following answers:
Only those, guided by the divine guidance bestowed on them, and are not therefore in need of any guidance whatsoever from any agency other than Allah, are the true guides who should be followed. As stated in Aqa Mahdi Puya's note in the commentary, of al Baqarah: 78 the Holy Prophet is the perfect example of such a guide. In view of the Holy Prophet's saying: "I am the city of knowledge and Ali is its gate", Ali enjoys the same status. The source of his unique wisdom (glimpses of which are found in the Nahj al Balagha) was either the divine endowment or his constant companionship with the Holy Prophet. Likewise every one of the holy Imams from among the Ahl ul Bayt of the Holy Prophet was a guide for mankind. Imam Muhammad bin Ali al Baqir said that the guides referred to in this verse are the twelve holy Imams from among the Ahl ul Bayt of the Holy Prophet, whom Allah has thoroughly purified (Ahzab: 33). All other claimants are impostors.
Allah has made available to mankind the guidance and the guides. There is no compulsion in the matter of faith as has been made clear in verse 3 of Ad Dahr:
"Verily we have shown him the (right) path that he may either be grateful (accept it) or ungrateful (reject it)."
If guided by this verse, the Muslims can never accept the immah or wilayah of any other than Ali ibn abi Talib, as the true successor of the Holy Prophet.
Jalal al Din al Suyuti, in Tarikh al Khulafa, says:
(1) Ahmad ibn Hanbal says: "There has not come down to us regarding the merits of anyone of the companions of the Holy Prophet what has been transmitted concerning Ali."
(2) Ibn Asakir from Ibn Abbas says: "There has not been revealed in the book of Allah, the Quran, regarding any one what has been revealed concerning Ali and that 300 verses have been revealed concerning Ali."
(3) Tabarani and Ibn Abi Hatim relate from Ibn Abbas that he said: "Allah never revealed the words 'O True believers' but Ali was understood to be the lord and chief of them, and verily Allah has reproved the various people but has never mentioned Ali save with approval."
(4) Tirmidhi, Nisa-i and Ibn Maja relate from Habshi Bin Junada that the Holy Prophet said: "Ali is part of me and I am part of Ali."
(5) Tabarani relates in Awsat that Ummi Salmah narrated: 'I heard the Holy Prophet say: "Ali is with Quran and Quran is with Ali, they shall not be separated until they arrive at the fountain of Kawthar in paradise."
(6) Tabarani relates in Awsat from Jabir bin Abdullah that the Holy Prophet said, "The people are of various stocks but I and Ali are of one stock."
(7) Ibn Sad records on the authority of Ali that he said: "By Allah a verse of the Quran was never revealed but I know for what it was revealed, where it was revealed, and for whom it was revealed, because my Lord has given unto me a wise heart and an eloquent tongue."
(8) Ibn Sad and others relate on the authority of Abu Tufayl that Ali said: "Ask me regarding the book of Allah, for verily there is not a verse but I know whether it was revealed by night or by day, in the plains or on the mountains."
(9) Tirmidhi and Al-Hakim relate from Ali that the Holy Prophet said: "I am the city of knowledge and Ali is its gate."
(10) Tabarani relates from Ummi Salmah that the Holy Prophet said: "He who loves Ali verily loves me, and he who hates Ali verily hates me, and he who hates me, verily hates Allah."
(11) Abu Yula and Al-Bazzaz relate from Sad bin Abi Waqqas that the Holy Prophet said: "He who grieves Ali, grieves me."
(12) Ahmad relates and Al-Hakim confirms it on the authority of Ummi Salmah, who narrated: "I heard the Holy Prophet say: 'verily he who reviles Ali, reviles me.'
(13) Sad Ibn Al-Musayyib says that Umar bin Khattab used to pray to Allah to save him from a perplexing case for which Abul Hasan (Ali) was not present to decide, and that Umar said: "None of the companions used to throw the challenge "Ask me" except Ali."
(14) Tabarani says in the Awsat that Ibn Abbas said: "Ali possessed 18 eminent qualities which belonged to no other of the people."
( 15) The two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) relate on the authority of Sad bin Abi Waqqas that the Holy Prophet left Ali bin Abi Talib behind him as his vicegerent during the expedition to Tabuk, and Ali said: "O Prophet of Allah, do you leave me behind, among the women and children?" He replied: "Are you not content to be to me in the relation of Harun to Musa save that there shall be no prophet after me?"
Please refer to the commentary of al Ma-idah: 67 to know about the open and clear declaration of the imamah and wilayah of Ali ibn abu Talib by the Holy Prophet under the command of Allah, after which there remains no excuse to accept and follow any other guide after the Holy Prophet.
All men have to obey Allah alone, but Allah has not created all men as believers. Most of them are beguiled by Shaytan. Verse 2 of Ankabut clearly says that whosoever professes belief shall be tried and tested. Verse 2 of al Mulk says that Allah created life and death in order to try and test mankind to see who of them are best by way of deeds. So the divine plan is to make available guidance and guides to mankind in the life of this world and give them freedom of choice in order to test and try the true mettle of each and every individual. It is every person's own responsibility to find out the true guidance and guides by making use of his or her knowledge, observation and intelligence, because there is no compulsion in religion (Baqarah: 256). Those who hold fast to the rope of Allah (the thoroughly purified Ahl ul Bayt) make a correct judgment and follow the right path (see commentary of Ali Imran: 103).
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
Allah invites man to accept His creative authority. As soon as man does so he has to follow and obey His legislative authority which implies obedience to His messenger, and in his absence, to the divinely appointed Imam (refer to the commentary of al Ma-idah: 55), and to the institution of "ijtihad and taqlid' based upon the teachings of the Holy Prophet and his Ahl ul Bayt. In her address to the then ruling authority, Bibi Fatimah had pointed out and established the necessity of prophethood and imamat on the basis of this verse (refer to the Biography of Bibi Fatimah, published by this Trust). The authority to administer the affairs of mankind should be vested in a person who is divinely endowed to guide people to the truth, and not in a person who cannot distinguish between right and wrong or between good and evil (see commentary of Ali Imran: 101 to 115-Aqa Puya's note).
Imam Jafar bin Muhammad al Sadiq had rejected the theory of Mutazilites (that khilafah should be elected by adult franchise) by quoting the Holy Prophet (who said):
"Whoever draws the sword and calls people to obey him while there is a more learned man among the Muslims than he, is a straying impostor."
This verse and verse 24 of Zukhruf prove that one should always follow the guidance of the best and the most learned authority-the basis of the doctrine of "ijtihad and taqlid".
10:36وَمَا يَتَّبِعُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ إِلَّا ظَنًّا إِنَّ الظَّنَّ لَا يُغْنِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ شَيْئًا إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ
Most of them just follow conjecture; indeed conjecture is no substitute for the truth. Indeed Allah knows best what they do.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:36]
This verse refers to those who, being unmindful of the preceding verse, rely upon their own conjecture and try to distort the truth and upset the divine plan of guidance.
10:37وَمَا كَانَ هَذَا الْقُرْآنُ أَن يُفْتَرَى مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلَكِن تَصْدِيقَ الَّذِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَتَفْصِيلَ الْكِتَابِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ مِن رَّبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
This Quran could not have been fabricated by anyone besides Allah; rather, it is a confirmation of what was [revealed] before it, and an elaboration of the Book, there is no doubt in it, from the Lord of all the worlds.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:37]
Refer to the commentary of al Baqarah: 2 and Aqa Mahdi Puya's essay "The genuineness of the holy Quran."
10:38أَمْ يَقُولُونَ افْتَرَاهُ قُلْ فَأْتُوا بِسُورَةٍ مِّثْلِهِ وَادْعُوا مَنِ اسْتَطَعْتُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ
Do they say, ‘He has fabricated it?’ Say, ‘Then bring a surah like it, and invoke whomever you can, besides Allah, should you be truthful.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:38]
Refer to the commentary of al Baqarah: 23.
10:39بَلْ كَذَّبُوا بِمَا لَمْ يُحِيطُوا بِعِلْمِهِ وَلَمَّا يَأْتِهِمْ تَأْوِيلُهُ كَذَلِكَ كَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَانظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الظَّالِمِينَ
Indeed, they deny something whose knowledge they do not comprehend, and whose explanation has not yet come to them. Those who were before them denied likewise. So observe how was the fate of the wrongdoers!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:39]
The materialist disbelievers cannot comprehend the meaningfulness of the divine revelations.
10:40وَمِنْهُم مَّن يُؤْمِنُ بِهِ وَمِنْهُم مَّن لَّا يُؤْمِنُ بِهِ وَرَبُّكَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُفْسِدِينَ
Some of them believe in it, and some of them do not believe in it, and your Lord best knows the agents of corruption.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:40]
10:41وَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقُل لِّي عَمَلِي وَلَكُمْ عَمَلُكُمْ أَنتُم بَرِيئُونَ مِمَّا أَعْمَلُ وَأَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِّمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
If they deny you, say, ‘My deeds belong to me and your deeds belong to you: you are absolved of what I do and I am absolved of what you do.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:41]
10:42وَمِنْهُم مَّن يَسْتَمِعُونَ إِلَيْكَ أَفَأَنتَ تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ وَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يَعْقِلُونَ
There are some of them who prick up their ears at you. But can you make the deaf hear even if they do not exercise their reason?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:42]
10:43وَمِنْهُم مَّن يَنظُرُ إِلَيْكَ أَفَأَنتَ تَهْدِي الْعُمْيَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يُبْصِرُونَ
There are some of them who observe you. But can you guide the blind even if they do not perceive?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:43]
Refer to the commentary of An-am: 25.
10:44إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا وَلَكِنَّ النَّاسَ أَنفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ
Indeed Allah does not wrong people in the least; rather, it is people who wrong themselves.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:44]
10:45وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ كَأَن لَّمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِّنَ النَّهَارِ يَتَعَارَفُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِلِقَاءِ اللَّهِ وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ
On the day He will gather them [it will be] as if they had not remained [in the world] except for an hour of the day getting acquainted with one another. They are certainly losers who deny the encounter with Allah, and they are not guided.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:45]
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
Labth means stay or halt. It may refer to the life on the earth or to the period starting from death up to the day of resurrection. Verses 112 to 114 of Muminun also assert that men will readily call to mind what took place in the world and recognise their own comrades and associates as if they were separated a few hours before.
10:46وَإِمَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمْ أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُهُمْ ثُمَّ اللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلَى مَا يَفْعَلُونَ
Whether We show you a part of what We promise them, or take you away [before that], [in any case] their return will be to Us and Allah will be witness to what they do.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:46]
10:47وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَّسُولٌ فَإِذَا جَاءَ رَسُولُهُمْ قُضِيَ بَيْنَهُم بِالْقِسْطِ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ
There is an apostle for every nation; so when their apostle comes, judgement is made between them with justice, and they are not wronged.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:47]
Refer to the commentary of al Ma-idah: 48.
10:48وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَى هَذَا الْوَعْدُ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ
They say, ‘When will this promise be fulfilled, should you be truthful?’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:48]
Refer to the commentary of Araf: 187 and 188.
10:49قُل لَّا أَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِي ضَرًّا وَلَا نَفْعًا إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلٌ إِذَا جَاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ فَلَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ
Say, ‘I have no control over any benefit for myself nor [over] any harm except what Allah may wish. There is a time for every nation: when their time comes, they shall not defer it by a single hour nor shall they advance it.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:49] (see commentary for verse 48)
10:50قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَتَاكُمْ عَذَابُهُ بَيَاتًا أَوْ نَهَارًا مَّاذَا يَسْتَعْجِلُ مِنْهُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ
Say, ‘Tell me, should His punishment overtake you by night or day, [you will not be able to avert it]; so what part of it do the guilty seek to hasten?’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:50]
10:51أَثُمَّ إِذَا مَا وَقَعَ آمَنتُم بِهِ آلْآنَ وَقَدْ كُنتُم بِهِ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ
‘What! Do you believe it when it has befallen? Now? While you would seek to hasten it [earlier]?!’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:51]
10:52ثُمَّ قِيلَ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا ذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الْخُلْدِ هَلْ تُجْزَوْنَ إِلَّا بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَكْسِبُونَ
Then it will be said to those who were wrongdoers, ‘Taste the everlasting punishment. Shall you not be requited for what you used to earn?’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:52]
10:53وَيَسْتَنبِئُونَكَ أَحَقٌّ هُوَ قُلْ إِي وَرَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَحَقٌّ وَمَا أَنتُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ
They inquire of you, ‘Is it true?’ Say, ‘Yes! By my Lord, it is true, and you cannot frustrate [Him].’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:53]
When the Holy Prophet was in Makka, before hijrat, a Jew trader from Madina named Hayy bin Akhtab used to visit Makka. Once he heard the Holy Prophet reciting the verses of the Quran, and asked him: "Are you reciting the true words of God, or just jesting?" In reply this verse was revealed.
10:54وَلَوْ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ نَفْسٍ ظَلَمَتْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ لَافْتَدَتْ بِهِ وَأَسَرُّوا النَّدَامَةَ لَمَّا رَأَوُا الْعَذَابَ وَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُم بِالْقِسْطِ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ
Were any soul that has done wrong to possess whatever there is on the earth, it would surely offer it for ransom. They will hide their remorse when they sight the punishment; and judgement will be made between them with justice and they will not be wronged.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:54]
This verse implies that if all that is in the earth is offered by the unjust as a ransom, it shall not be accepted. They shall be punished.
Asarru may either mean (i) declare or reveal, or (ii) conceal or hide. In the former case the verse is: When they see punishment they will offer anything to escape it and may declare their repentance which will be a disgrace for them; and in the latter case: The most difficult thing for them will be to openly confess or repent, therefore they will conceal remorse and ignominy.
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
Ali ibn abi Talib said:
"By Allah, to pass a whole night, awake on the poisonous thorns of a desert and be drawn in chains round the neck, is more pleasant than to meet Allah if I have done injustice even to a single person or have usurped anything belonging to any one. If I am given all that is in the heavens and on the earth, in the seven continents, to do injustice to an ant by taking away from its mouth the husk of a grain or an oat, while it is going to its abode, l shall refuse it." (Nahj al Balagha)
10:55أَلَا إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَلَا إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Look! To Allah indeed belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth. Look! Allah’s promise is indeed true; but most of them do not know.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:55]
10:56هُوَ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَإِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ
It is He who gives life and brings death, and to Him you shall be brought back.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:56]
10:57يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَاءَتْكُم مَّوْعِظَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَشِفَاءٌ لِّمَا فِي الصُّدُورِ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ
O mankind! There has certainly come to you an advice from your Lord, and a cure for what is in the breasts, and a guidance and mercy for the faithful.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:57]
Allah has sent the reminder (Quran) as a mercy. Ali ibn abi Talib said:
"Seek remedy as well as answers to all questions and difficulties from the Quran. It cures the worst diseases like infidelity, hypocrisy and deviation." (Nahj al Balagha).
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
Heart is the seat of all feelings and emotions. What is felt by the cognitive self has an immediate effect on the heart. In case of extreme grief, or envy, or hatred et cetera, the nervous system is effected so as to cause strain in the breast. The Quran refers to such feelings when it is said: "What is in the breast", and invites man to get rid of them by following the guidance given in its verses.
Sharah sadr, to expand the breast, actually means expansion of the human vision.
10:58قُلْ بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَبِرَحْمَتِهِ فَبِذَلِكَ فَلْيَفْرَحُوا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِّمَّا يَجْمَعُونَ
Say, ‘In Allah’s grace and His mercy—let them rejoice in that! It is better than what they amass.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:58]
Imam Muhammad bin Ali al Baqir said:
'The Holy Prophet is "fazl" and Ali ibn abi Talib is "rahmah."'
10:59قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُم مَّا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُم مِّن رِّزْقٍ فَجَعَلْتُم مِّنْهُ حَرَامًا وَحَلَالًا قُلْ آللَّهُ أَذِنَ لَكُمْ أَمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَفْتَرُونَ
Say, ‘Have you regarded what Allah has sent down for you of [His] provision, whereupon you have made some of it unlawful and [some] lawful?’ Say, ‘Did Allah give you the sanction [to do so], or do you fabricate a lie against Allah?’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:59]
10:60وَمَا ظَنُّ الَّذِينَ يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَشْكُرُونَ
What is the idea of those who fabricate lies against Allah [concerning their situation] on the Day of Resurrection? Indeed Allah is gracious to mankind, but most of them do not give thanks.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:60]
10:61وَمَا تَكُونُ فِي شَأْنٍ وَمَا تَتْلُو مِنْهُ مِن قُرْآنٍ وَلَا تَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ عَمَلٍ إِلَّا كُنَّا عَلَيْكُمْ شُهُودًا إِذْ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ وَمَا يَعْزُبُ عَن رَّبِّكَ مِن مِّثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ وَلَا أَصْغَرَ مِن ذَلِكَ وَلَا أَكْبَرَ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ مُّبِينٍ
You do not engage in any work, neither do you recite any part of the Quran, nor do you perform any deed without Our being witness over you when you are engaged therein. Not an atom’s weight escapes your Lord in the earth or in the sky, nor [is there] anything smaller than that nor bigger, but it is in a manifest Book.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:61]
In the sacred tablet (lawh mahfuz) the knowledge of every thing (the tiniest of objects) in the universe is preserved together with the will of the omnipresent and omniscient almighty Lord. The omnipresent's constant watchfulness embraces all His creatures. It is a warning to those who forge lies and show hostility against Allah and His last messenger by making changes in the law of Allah (shari-ah) conveyed to mankind through the Holy Prophet. Whatever the Holy Prophet declared lawful or unlawful shall remain binding, unchangeable, till eternity. Refer to the commentary of An Nisa: 24 to know about those who changed the law of Allah and sunnah of the Holy Prophet.
10:62أَلَا إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ
Look! The friends of Allah will indeed have no fear nor will they grieve
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:62]
According to Ali ibn abi Talib the twelve holy Imams are the awliya-allah, and also those who sincerely follow them.
The Holy Prophet said:
The friends of Allah are those who reflect His attributes in their character. Their devotion to Allah and godliness inspire others to create in them the same spirit of submission to the Lord.
At all hours they remember Allah.
Their every action is a lesson.
Whatever they say is based upon wisdom.
Among men they are a blessing of Allah.
They are restless with the fear of Allah, lest any action of theirs may attract the wrath of Allah.
They eagerly await to receive the blessings of Allah in this life and in the hereafter; so they always do good to others and safeguard themselves against evil.
Imam Muhammad bin Ali al Baqir found the following in the book of his father concerning awliya-allah:
No fear frightens them. nor any sorrow grieves them.
They carry out all the prescribed duties and avail themselves of only that which is made lawful by Allah.
They abstain from all unlawful things and deeds.
They follow the sunnah of the Holy Prophet.
By nature and habit they forsake the material pleasures.
They neither take pride in nor boast about their possessions.
What Allah has given them they spend in the way of Allah, as He wills, not as they will.
Once the Holy Prophet put his hand on the shoulder of Ali and said; "Behold! This is the wali-allah. Be his friend."
If the description of a true friend of Allah is kept in mind, it will serve as guidance to every Muslim so that he may not go astray from the right path, and all the Muslims may live together in an ideal society and set an example for the whole world.
"For the friends of Allah there is no fear, nor shall they grieve" makes it clear that those who were frightened by the pursuing enemy or ran away from the battlefields (see commentary of al Baqarah: 207; Anfal: 16 and 30; Ali Imran: 121, 122, 128, 140 to 142, 144, 151 to 156, 159 and 166 to 168; al Bara-at: 25 to 27) can, under no circumstances, be the awliya-allah.
10:63الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَكَانُوا يَتَّقُونَ
—those who have faith and are Godwary.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:63]
The Holy Prophet said:
"The glad tidings for the friends of Allah are the vision they see in their dreams in this world; and when a friend of Allah experiences the agony of death before he breathes his last breath, I and the holy Imams of my Ahl ul Bayt come to him and give him the good news that those whom he loved are ready to receive him and his prayers for a blissful life of the hereafter will be fulfilled."
10:64لَهُمُ الْبُشْرَى فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِكَلِمَاتِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
For them is good news in the life of this world and in the Hereafter. (There is no altering the words of Allah.) That is the great success.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:64] (see commentary for verse 63)
10:65وَلَا يَحْزُنكَ قَوْلُهُمْ إِنَّ الْعِزَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعًا هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
Do not grieve at their remarks; indeed all might belongs to Allah; He is the All-hearing, the All-knowing.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:65]
10:66أَلَا إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَن فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَن فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا يَتَّبِعُ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ شُرَكَاءَ إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا الظَّنَّ وَإِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَخْرُصُونَ
Look! To Allah indeed belongs whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on the earth. What do they pursue who invoke partners besides Allah? They merely follow conjectures and they just make surmises.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:66]
10:67هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ اللَّيْلَ لِتَسْكُنُوا فِيهِ وَالنَّهَارَ مُبْصِرًا إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَسْمَعُونَ
It is He who made the night for you, that you may rest in it, and the day to provide visibility. There are indeed signs in that for people who listen.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:67]
10:68قَالُوا اتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ وَلَدًا سُبْحَانَهُ هُوَ الْغَنِيُّ لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ إِنْ عِندَكُم مِّن سُلْطَانٍ بِهَذَا أَتَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
They say, ‘Allah has taken a son!’ Immaculate is He! He is the All-sufficient. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth. You have no authority for this [statement]. Do you attribute to Allah what you do not know?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:68]
The reference here is to the various gods of the polytheistic peoples. The doctrine of the sonship of God is not peculiar to Christians. The Arab pagans not only worshipped the angels as daughters of God but also believed that their religious leaders were the sons of God. All such false beliefs in imaginary gods have been refuted because Allah is self-subsisting. His is whatsoever is in the heavens and in the earth and in between them.
10:69قُلْ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ لَا يُفْلِحُونَ
Say, ‘Indeed those who fabricate lies against Allah will not be felicitous.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:69]
10:70مَتَاعٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ إِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُهُمْ ثُمَّ نُذِيقُهُمُ الْعَذَابَ الشَّدِيدَ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ
An enjoyment in this world; then to Us shall be their return, then We shall make them taste the severe punishment because of what they used to defy.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:70]
10:71وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ نُوحٍ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ يَاقَوْمِ إِن كَانَ كَبُرَ عَلَيْكُم مَّقَامِي وَتَذْكِيرِي بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ فَعَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ فَأَجْمِعُوا أَمْرَكُمْ وَشُرَكَاءَكُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَكُنْ أَمْرُكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ غُمَّةً ثُمَّ اقْضُوا إِلَيَّ وَلَا تُنظِرُونِ
Relate to them the account of Noah when he said to his people, ‘O my people! If my stay [among you] be hard on you and [also] my reminding you of Allah’s signs, [for my part] I have put my trust in Allah. So conspire together, along with your partners, leaving nothing vague in your plan, then carry it out against me without giving me any respite.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:71]
Refer to the commentary of al Araf: 59 to 64. Reference to Nuh and his people is also made in Hud: 25 to 48; Muminun: 23 to 29; Shu-ara: 105 to 120; and Saffat: 75 to 82.
10:72فَإِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَمَا سَأَلْتُكُم مِّنْ أَجْرٍ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَى اللَّهِ وَأُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
If you turn your back [on me], I do not ask any reward from you; my reward lies only with Allah and I have been commanded to be of those who submit [to Allah].’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:72] (see commentary for verse 71)
10:73فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَمَن مَّعَهُ فِي الْفُلْكِ وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ خَلَائِفَ وَأَغْرَقْنَا الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا فَانظُرْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُنذَرِينَ
But they impugned him. So We delivered him and those who were with him in the ark and We made them the successors, and We drowned those who denied Our signs. So observe how was the fate of those who were warned!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:73] (see commentary for verse 71)
10:74ثُمَّ بَعَثْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِ رُسُلًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ فَجَاءُوهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَمَا كَانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِمَا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِن قَبْلُ كَذَلِكَ نَطْبَعُ عَلَى قُلُوبِ الْمُعْتَدِينَ
Then after him We sent [other] apostles to their people. They brought them manifest proofs, but they would not believe something they had denied before. Thus do We seal the hearts of the transgressors.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:74]
For sealing of the hearts of the disbelievers see commentary of al Baqarah: 7, and Araf: 100. The sealing of hearts take place as a consequence of the disbelievers persistence in disobedience.
10:75ثُمَّ بَعَثْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِم مُّوسَى وَهَارُونَ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِ بِآيَاتِنَا فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِينَ
Then, after them, We sent Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh and his elite with Our signs, but they acted arrogantly and they were a guilty lot.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:75]
Refer to the commentary of al Araf: 103 to 171 for Musa and his people and Firawn and his people.
10:76فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ عِندِنَا قَالُوا إِنَّ هَذَا لَسِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ
When the truth from Us came to them, they said, ‘This is indeed plain magic!’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:76] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:77قَالَ مُوسَى أَتَقُولُونَ لِلْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاءَكُمْ أَسِحْرٌ هَذَا وَلَا يُفْلِحُ السَّاحِرُونَ
Moses said, ‘Do you say of the truth when it comes to you [that it is magic]? Is this magic? Magicians do not find salvation.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:77] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:78قَالُوا أَجِئْتَنَا لِتَلْفِتَنَا عَمَّا وَجَدْنَا عَلَيْهِ آبَاءَنَا وَتَكُونَ لَكُمَا الْكِبْرِيَاءُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا نَحْنُ لَكُمَا بِمُؤْمِنِينَ
They said, ‘Have you come to us to turn us away from what we found our fathers following, so that supremacy may be yours in the land? We will not believe in the two of you.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:78] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:79وَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ ائْتُونِي بِكُلِّ سَاحِرٍ عَلِيمٍ
Pharaoh said, ‘Bring me every expert magician.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:79] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:80فَلَمَّا جَاءَ السَّحَرَةُ قَالَ لَهُم مُّوسَى أَلْقُوا مَا أَنتُم مُّلْقُونَ
So when the magicians came, Moses said to them, ‘Throw down what you have to throw.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:80] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:81فَلَمَّا أَلْقَوْا قَالَ مُوسَى مَا جِئْتُم بِهِ السِّحْرُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَيُبْطِلُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُصْلِحُ عَمَلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
So when they threw down [their sticks and ropes], Moses said, ‘What you have produced is magic. Indeed Allah will bring it to naught presently. Indeed Allah does not foster the efforts of those who cause corruption.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:81] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:82وَيُحِقُّ اللَّهُ الْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَاتِهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُجْرِمُونَ
Allah will confirm the truth with His words, though the guilty should be averse.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:82] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:83فَمَا آمَنَ لِمُوسَى إِلَّا ذُرِّيَّةٌ مِّن قَوْمِهِ عَلَى خَوْفٍ مِّن فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِمْ أَن يَفْتِنَهُمْ وَإِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَعَالٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَإِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ
But none believed in Moses except some youths from among his people, for the fear of Pharaoh and his elite that he would persecute them. For Pharaoh was indeed a tyrant in the land, and indeed he was an unrestrained [despot].
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:83] (see commentary for verse 75)
Only a few among the Bani Israil were true believers. Among the people of Firawn only Asiyah, his wife, and Hizqil, known as mumin min ali Firawn, were the believers.
10:84وَقَالَ مُوسَى يَاقَوْمِ إِن كُنتُمْ آمَنتُم بِاللَّهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُوا إِن كُنتُم مُّسْلِمِينَ
And Moses said, ‘O my people! If you have faith in Allah, put your trust in Him, if you have submitted [to Him].’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:84] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:85فَقَالُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْنَا رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا فِتْنَةً لِّلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
Whereat they said, ‘In Allah we have put our trust.’ ‘Our Lord! Do not make us a [means of] test for the wrongdoing lot,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:85] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:86وَنَجِّنَا بِرَحْمَتِكَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ
and deliver us by Your mercy from the faithless lot.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:86] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:87وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى مُوسَى وَأَخِيهِ أَن تَبَوَّآ لِقَوْمِكُمَا بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتًا وَاجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَبَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
We revealed to Moses and his brother [saying], ‘Settle your people in the city, and let your houses face each other, and maintain the prayer, and give good news to the faithful.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:87] (see commentary for verse 75)
The followers of Musa had built masjids and prayed therein. Firawn demolished them. Then Allah commanded them to pray in their houses.
Ibn Asakir reports that the Holy Prophet said:
"Allah had allowed no one to stay or sleep in masjid without ghusl, after sleeping with a woman, except Musa and Harun; and likewise only I and Ali are allowed to stay or sleep in the masjid without ghusl in the state of janabat. (Durr al Manthur by Jalal al Din al Suyuti).
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
"Your houses" refers to the houses of ali Harun, the family of Harun-refer to the commentary of al Baqarah: 248-the inmates of which were purified by Allah Himself. The same houses have been referred to in verses 35 to 37 of an Nur. The "house" in verse 73 of al Hud and verse 33 of al Ahzab is described as sacred and purified for the worship of Allah.
10:88وَقَالَ مُوسَى رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ آتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَأَهُ زِينَةً وَأَمْوَالًا فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا رَبَّنَا لِيُضِلُّوا عَن سَبِيلِكَ رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاشْدُدْ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ
Moses said, ‘Our Lord! You have given Pharaoh and his elite glamour and wealth in the life of this world, our Lord, that they may lead [people] astray from Your way! Our Lord! Blot out their wealth and harden their hearts so that they do not believe until they sight the painful punishment.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:88] (see commentary for verse 75)
Firawn and his chiefs had amassed abundant wealth which was the main cause of their refusal to believe in the message Musa brought for them, so Musa and Harun prayed to Allah to uproot the cause which made them persist in infidelity and hostility against Musa and Harun. Allah accepted their prayers.
10:89قَالَ قَدْ أُجِيبَت دَّعْوَتُكُمَا فَاسْتَقِيمَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعَانِّ سَبِيلَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Said He, ‘Your supplication has already been granted. So be steadfast, and do not follow the way of those who do not know.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:89] (see commentary for verse 75)(see commentary for verse 88)
10:90وَجَاوَزْنَا بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَجُنُودُهُ بَغْيًا وَعَدْوًا حَتَّى إِذَا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قَالَ آمَنتُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَأَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
We carried the Children of Israel across the sea, whereat Pharaoh and his troops pursued them, out of defiance and aggression. When overtaken by drowning, he called out, ‘I believe that there is no god except Him in whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am one of those who submit [to Him]!’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:90] (see commentary for verse 75)
Musa began to worry with fear when he came to know that Firawn with his hosts was tracking him and his people in order to wipe them out. They were in a hopeless situation. There was a desert on one side of them, the Red Sea on the other, and the impassable mountain chain of the Jabal Attakah in front. Allah commanded Musa to strike the waves of the Red Sea with his staff. Musa did as was ordered. A broad causeway was formed in the sea upon which Musa and his followers advanced and crossed the sea. When Firawn and his hosts reached the spot, his soldiers at once entered the causeway; though Firawn tried very much to stop his horse but it moved on and they all were in the middle of the sea. Then under the command of Allah the parted sea again became one as it was before; and Firawn and his army were drowned. In the last moment Firawn said: "I believe that verily there is no god save Allah in whom the followers of Musa believe, and I am of those who submit to the will of Allah", but it was too late.
10:91آلْآنَ وَقَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَكُنتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
[He was told,] ‘What! Now? When you have been disobedient heretofore and were among the agents of corruption?!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:91] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:92فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ آيَةً وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنَ النَّاسِ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا لَغَافِلُونَ
So today We shall deliver your body so that you may be a sign for those who come after you.’ Indeed many of the people are oblivious to Our signs.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:92] (see commentary for verse 75)
The mummy of Ramesus II, the last Firawn of the eighteenth dynasty, has been found at Thebes, and is now in a glass case in the museum of Cairo, for every man to look upon (Encyclopaedia Britannica). This discovery confirms the Quran. The Bible does not mention this event. It also confirms the fact that the Quran is a revealed book of Allah otherwise the Holy Prophet would not have known this fact.
Imam Muhammad bin Ali al Baqir said:
"Firawn and his army was drowned in the sea, but the dead body of Firawn was thrown on the shore so that the people who worshipped him as a god might know that their (false) god was a lifeless decomposed corpse, and men in every age may draw a lesson."
10:93وَلَقَدْ بَوَّأْنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ وَرَزَقْنَاهُم مِّنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ فَمَا اخْتَلَفُوا حَتَّى جَاءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ
Certainly We settled the Children of Israel in a worthy settlement and We provided them with all the good things, and they did not differ until [after] the knowledge had come to them. Your Lord will indeed judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that about which they used to differ.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:93] (see commentary for verse 75)
10:94فَإِن كُنتَ فِي شَكٍّ مِّمَّا أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ فَاسْأَلِ الَّذِينَ يَقْرَءُونَ الْكِتَابَ مِن قَبْلِكَ لَقَدْ جَاءَكَ الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ
So if you are in doubt about what We have sent down to you, ask those who read the Book [revealed] before you. The truth has certainly come to you from your Lord; so do not be among the skeptics.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:94]
10:95وَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ فَتَكُونَ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ
And do not be of those who deny the signs of Allah, [for] then you shall be among the losers.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:95]
10:96إِنَّ الَّذِينَ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ
Indeed those against whom your Lord’s judgement has become due will not have faith,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:96]
10:97وَلَوْ جَاءَتْهُمْ كُلُّ آيَةٍ حَتَّى يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ
even though every sign were to come to them, until they sight the painful punishment.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:97]
10:98فَلَوْلَا كَانَتْ قَرْيَةٌ آمَنَتْ فَنَفَعَهَا إِيمَانُهَا إِلَّا قَوْمَ يُونُسَ لَمَّا آمَنُوا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُمْ عَذَابَ الْخِزْيِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَمَتَّعْنَاهُمْ إِلَى حِينٍ
Why has there not been any town that might believe, so that its belief might benefit it, except the people of Jonah? When they believed, We removed from them the punishment of disgrace in the life of this world, and We provided for them for a while.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:98]
10:99وَلَوْ شَاءَ رَبُّكَ لَآمَنَ مَن فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعًا أَفَأَنتَ تُكْرِهُ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ
Had your Lord wished, all those who are on earth would have believed. Would you then force people until they become faithful?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:99]
10:100وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَن تُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَيَجْعَلُ الرِّجْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ
No soul may have faith except by Allah’s leave, and He lays defilement on those who do not exercise their reason.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:100]
10:101قُلِ انظُرُوا مَاذَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا تُغْنِي الْآيَاتُ وَالنُّذُرُ عَن قَوْمٍ لَّا يُؤْمِنُونَ
Say, ‘Observe what is in the heavens and the earth.’ But neither signs nor warnings avail a people who have no faith.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:101]
10:102فَهَلْ يَنتَظِرُونَ إِلَّا مِثْلَ أَيَّامِ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْا مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قُلْ فَانتَظِرُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ الْمُنتَظِرِينَ
Do they await anything except the like of the days of those who passed away before them? Say, ‘Then wait! I too am waiting along with you.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:102]
10:103ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي رُسُلَنَا وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كَذَلِكَ حَقًّا عَلَيْنَا نُنجِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Then We shall deliver Our apostles and those who have faith. Thus, it is a must for Us to deliver the faithful.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:103]
10:104قُلْ يَاأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِن كُنتُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِّن دِينِي فَلَا أَعْبُدُ الَّذِينَ تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلَكِنْ أَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ الَّذِي يَتَوَفَّاكُمْ وَأُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Say, ‘O people! if you are in doubt about my religion, then [know that] I do not worship those whom you worship besides Allah. Rather, I worship only Allah, who causes you to die, and I have been commanded to be among the faithful,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:104]
10:105وَأَنْ أَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفًا وَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ
and that: ‘‘Dedicate yourself to the religion, as a Hanif, and never be one of the polytheists.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:105]
10:106وَلَا تَدْعُ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنفَعُكَ وَلَا يَضُرُّكَ فَإِن فَعَلْتَ فَإِنَّكَ إِذًا مِّنَ الظَّالِمِينَ
Nor invoke besides Allah that which neither benefits you nor can do you any harm. For if you do so, then you will indeed be among the wrongdoers.’’ ’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:106]
10:107وَإِن يَمْسَسْكَ اللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ فَلَا كَاشِفَ لَهُ إِلَّا هُوَ وَإِن يُرِدْكَ بِخَيْرٍ فَلَا رَادَّ لِفَضْلِهِ يُصِيبُ بِهِ مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ وَهُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
Should Allah visit you with some distress, there is no one to remove it except Him; and should He desire any good for you, none can stand in the way of His grace: He grants it to whomever He wishes of His servants, and He is the All-forgiving, the All-merciful.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:107]
10:108قُلْ يَاأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَاءَكُمُ الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكُمْ فَمَنِ اهْتَدَى فَإِنَّمَا يَهْتَدِي لِنَفْسِهِ وَمَن ضَلَّ فَإِنَّمَا يَضِلُّ عَلَيْهَا وَمَا أَنَا عَلَيْكُم بِوَكِيلٍ
Say, ‘O mankind! The truth has already come to you from your Lord. Whoever is guided, is guided only for [the good of] his own soul, and whoever goes astray, goes astray only to its detriment, and it is not my business to watch over you.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:108]
10:109وَاتَّبِعْ مَا يُوحَى إِلَيْكَ وَاصْبِرْ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الْحَاكِمِينَ
And follow that which is revealed to you, and be patient until Allah issues [His] judgement, and He is the best of judges.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 10:109]