54:1اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ
The Hour has drawn near and the moon is split.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:1
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:1]
The reference is a famous miracle of the Holy Prophet, recorded in several authentic traditions of the companions, particularly of the Ahl ul Bayt whose evidence is always true, performed at the insistent demand of the pagans and the Jews. The Jews who saw this miracle became Muslims but Abu Jahl said: "This is magic continuous". It is written in the Book of Joshua 10: 13: "So the sun stood still and the moon halted until a nation had taken vengeance on its enemies." So the Jews and the Christians cannot deny the possibility of "divine adjustment" in the solar system.
Some commentators think that the past tense is used here for the future-the moon will be rent asunder at the approach of the resurrection. Firstly authentic traditions relate the cleaving asunder of the moon, secondly the observation "this is magic continuous" in verse 2 leaves no room for the speculation of the enemies of the Holy Prophet. Even the Qadiani commentators, who habitually deny miracles, accept the incident to have taken place.
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
Those who deny the miracle performed by the Holy Prophet will be punished as the people of Nuh were punished. Refer to verses 9 to 15.
54:2وَإِن يَرَوْا آيَةً يُعْرِضُوا وَيَقُولُوا سِحْرٌ مُّسْتَمِرٌّ
If they see a sign, they turn away, and say, ‘An incessant magic!’
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:2
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:2] (see commentary for verse 1)
54:3وَكَذَّبُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا أَهْوَاءَهُمْ وَكُلُّ أَمْرٍ مُّسْتَقِرٌّ
They denied and followed their own desires, and every matter has a setting [appropriate to it].
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:3
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:3]
The prevalence of evil and the persecution of the truthful may have their day, but there is an end when the evil shall be punished.
54:4وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُم مِّنَ الْأَنبَاءِ مَا فِيهِ مُزْدَجَرٌ
There have already come to them reports containing admonishment,
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:4
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:4]
The recounting of the sins of past generations, having been punished with exemplary punishments, when they belied the messengers sent to them with the message of Allah, should open the eyes of the disbelievers and check them in their obstinate belying and sinning. For a time godlessness seems to triumph, but this triumph is shortlived. There is inevitable reckoning on the day of judgement. Refer to Ta Ha: 108 to 111 for the callers who will summon all created beings on the day of reckoning and direct them to the presence of the Lord of the worlds. It will be terrible day for the disbelievers.
Five of the stories of the sins of past generations are referred to in the verses 9 to 42 of this surah.
54:5حِكْمَةٌ بَالِغَةٌ فَمَا تُغْنِ النُّذُرُ
[and representing] far-reaching wisdom; but warnings are of no avail!
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:5
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:5] (see commentary for verse 4)
54:6فَتَوَلَّ عَنْهُمْ يَوْمَ يَدْعُ الدَّاعِ إِلَى شَيْءٍ نُّكُرٍ
So turn away from them! The day when the Caller calls to a dire thing,
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:6
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:6] (see commentary for verse 4)
54:7خُشَّعًا أَبْصَارُهُمْ يَخْرُجُونَ مِنَ الْأَجْدَاثِ كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ
they will emerge from the graves as if they were scattered locusts with a humbled look [in their eyes],
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:7
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:7] (see commentary for verse 4)
54:8مُّهْطِعِينَ إِلَى الدَّاعِ يَقُولُ الْكَافِرُونَ هَذَا يَوْمٌ عَسِرٌ
scrambling toward the summoner. The faithless will say, ‘This is a hard day!’
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:8
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:8] (see commentary for verse 4)
54:9كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ فَكَذَّبُوا عَبْدَنَا وَقَالُوا مَجْنُونٌ وَازْدُجِرَ
The people of Noah impugned before them. So they impugned Our servant and said, ‘A crazy man,’ and he was reviled.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 54:9
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:9]
For the people of Nuh refer to Araf 59 to 64; Hud: 25 to 48 and Shu-ara: 105 to 122.
54:10فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانتَصِرْ
Thereat he invoked his Lord, [saying,] ‘I have been overcome, so help [me].’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:10] (see commentary for verse 9)
54:11فَفَتَحْنَا أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاءِ بِمَاءٍ مُّنْهَمِرٍ
Then We opened the gates of the sky with pouring waters,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:11] (see commentary for verse 9)
54:12وَفَجَّرْنَا الْأَرْضَ عُيُونًا فَالْتَقَى الْمَاءُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ قَدْ قُدِرَ
and We made the earth burst forth with springs, and the waters met for a preordained purpose.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:12] (see commentary for verse 9)
54:13وَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى ذَاتِ أَلْوَاحٍ وَدُسُرٍ
We bore him on a vessel made of planks and nails,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:13] (see commentary for verse 9)
54:14تَجْرِي بِأَعْيُنِنَا جَزَاءً لِّمَن كَانَ كُفِرَ
which sailed [over the flood waters] in Our sight, as a retribution for him who was met with disbelief.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:14] (see commentary for verse 9)
54:15وَلَقَد تَّرَكْنَاهَا آيَةً فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
Certainly We have left it as a sign; so is there anyone who will be admonished?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:15] (see commentary for verse 9)
54:16فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
So how were My punishment and warnings?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:16] (see commentary for verse 9)
54:17وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
Certainly We have made the Quran simple for the sake of admonishment. So is there anyone who will be admonished?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:17]
While the Quran contains profundities of thought and subtleties of meaning; but so far a lessons of meekness, humility and willing surrender to Allah are to be deduced from it, there is no difficulty.
54:18كَذَّبَتْ عَادٌ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
[The people of] ‘Ad impugned [their apostle]. So how were My punishment and warnings?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:18]
For the people of Ad see Araf: 65 to 72; Hud: 50 to 60; Ha Mim: 15 and 16.
54:19إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا صَرْصَرًا فِي يَوْمِ نَحْسٍ مُّسْتَمِرٍّ
Indeed We unleashed upon them an icy gale on an incessantly ill-fated day,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:19] (see commentary for verse 18)
54:20تَنزِعُ النَّاسَ كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ مُّنقَعِرٍ
knocking down people as if they were trunks of uprooted palm trees.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:20] (see commentary for verse 18)
54:21فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
So how were My punishment and warnings?!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:21] (see commentary for verse 18)
54:22وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
Certainly We have made the Quran simple for the sake of admonishment. So is there anyone who will be admonished?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:22]
54:23كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِالنُّذُرِ
[The people of] Thamud denied the warnings,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:23]
For the people of Thamud see Araf 73 to 79; Hud: 61 to 68 and Ha Mim: 17 and 18
54:24فَقَالُوا أَبَشَرًا مِّنَّا وَاحِدًا نَّتَّبِعُهُ إِنَّا إِذًا لَّفِي ضَلَالٍ وَسُعُرٍ
and they said, ‘Are we to follow a lone human from ourselves?! Indeed then we would be in error and madness.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:24] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:25أَأُلْقِيَ الذِّكْرُ عَلَيْهِ مِن بَيْنِنَا بَلْ هُوَ كَذَّابٌ أَشِرٌ
‘Has the Reminder been cast upon him from among us? No, he is a self-conceited liar.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:25] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:26سَيَعْلَمُونَ غَدًا مَّنِ الْكَذَّابُ الْأَشِرُ
‘Tomorrow they will know who is a self-conceited liar.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:26] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:27إِنَّا مُرْسِلُو النَّاقَةِ فِتْنَةً لَّهُمْ فَارْتَقِبْهُمْ وَاصْطَبِرْ
We are sending the She-camel as a trial for them; so watch them and be steadfast.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:27] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:28وَنَبِّئْهُمْ أَنَّ الْمَاءَ قِسْمَةٌ بَيْنَهُمْ كُلُّ شِرْبٍ مُّحْتَضَرٌ
Inform them that the water is to be shared between them; each of them showing up at his turn.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:28] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:29فَنَادَوْا صَاحِبَهُمْ فَتَعَاطَى فَعَقَرَ
But they called their companion, and he took [a knife] and hamstrung [her].
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:29] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:30فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
So how were My punishment and My warnings?!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:30] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:31إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً فَكَانُوا كَهَشِيمِ الْمُحْتَظِرِ
We sent against them a single Cry, and they became like the dry sticks of a corral builder.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:31] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:32وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
Certainly We have made the Quran simple for the sake of admonishment. So is there anyone who will be admonished?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:32] (see commentary for verse 23)
54:33كَذَّبَتْ قَوْمُ لُوطٍ بِالنُّذُرِ
And the people of Lot denied the warnings.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:33]
54:34إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ حَاصِبًا إِلَّا آلَ لُوطٍ نَّجَّيْنَاهُم بِسَحَرٍ
We unleashed upon them a rain of stones, excepting the family of Lot, whom We delivered at dawn
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:34]
54:35نِّعْمَةً مِّنْ عِندِنَا كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِي مَن شَكَرَ
as a blessing from Us. Thus do We reward those who give thanks.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:35]
54:36وَلَقَدْ أَنذَرَهُم بَطْشَتَنَا فَتَمَارَوْا بِالنُّذُرِ
He had already warned them of Our punishment, but they disputed the warnings.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:36]
54:37وَلَقَدْ رَاوَدُوهُ عَن ضَيْفِهِ فَطَمَسْنَا أَعْيُنَهُمْ فَذُوقُوا عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
They even solicited of him his guests, whereat We blotted out their eyes, [saying,] ‘Taste My punishment and My warnings!’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:37]
54:38وَلَقَدْ صَبَّحَهُم بُكْرَةً عَذَابٌ مُّسْتَقِرٌّ
Early at dawn there visited them an abiding punishment:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:38]
54:39فَذُوقُوا عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
‘Taste My punishment and warnings!’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:39]
54:40وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
Certainly We have made the Quran simple for the sake of admonishment. So is there anyone who will be admonished?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:40]
54:41وَلَقَدْ جَاءَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ النُّذُرُ
Certainly the warnings did come to Pharaoh’s clan
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:41]
For Musa and Firawn see Ta Ha: 9 to 98.
54:42كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا كُلِّهَا فَأَخَذْنَاهُمْ أَخْذَ عَزِيزٍ مُّقْتَدِرٍ
who denied all of Our signs. So We seized them with the seizing of One [who is] all-mighty, Omnipotent.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:42] (see commentary for verse 41)
54:43أَكُفَّارُكُمْ خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أُولَئِكُمْ أَمْ لَكُم بَرَاءَةٌ فِي الزُّبُرِ
Are your faithless better than those? Have you [been granted] [some sort of] immunity in the scriptures?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:43]
These verses refer to the battle of Badr. See Ali Imran: 13; Anfal: 5 to 19 and 42: to 48.
54:44أَمْ يَقُولُونَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعٌ مُّنتَصِرٌ
Do they say, ‘We are a confederate league’?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:44] (see commentary for verse 43)
54:45سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ
The league will be routed and turn its back [to flee].
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:45] (see commentary for verse 43)
54:46بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ
Indeed, the Hour is their tryst; and the Hour will be most calamitous and bitter.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:46]
The unjust men are puffed up with pride on account of their numbers and their resources, but more often they are punished in this world, and certainly in the hereafter. Their punishment is for ever. The unjust think that the godly are straying, and mad, particularly when they are in power and in the enjoyment of all the good things of this life. Refer to Ya Sin: 63 to 67.
54:47إِنَّ الْمُجْرِمِينَ فِي ضَلَالٍ وَسُعُرٍ
Indeed the guilty are steeped in error and madness.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:47] (see commentary for verse 46)
54:48يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِي النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُوا مَسَّ سَقَرَ
The day when they are dragged on their faces into the Fire, [it will be said to them,] ‘Taste the touch of hell!’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:48] (see commentary for verse 46)
54:49إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَاهُ بِقَدَرٍ
Indeed We have created everything in a measure,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:49]
54:50وَمَا أَمْرُنَا إِلَّا وَاحِدَةٌ كَلَمْحٍ بِالْبَصَرِ
and Our command is but a single [word], like the twinkling of an eye.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:50]
Refer to Baqrah: 117; Nahl: 40; Maryam: 35; Ya Sin: 83; Mumin: 68.
54:51وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا أَشْيَاعَكُمْ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
Certainly We have destroyed your likes. So is there anyone who will be admonished?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:51]
Refer to the references mentioned in the commentary of verses 9 to 16; 18 to 21; 23 to 32; 33 to 39; 41 and 42 of this surah for the destruction of the disbelievers.
54:52وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ فَعَلُوهُ فِي الزُّبُرِ
Everything they have done is in the books,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:52]
54:53وَكُلُّ صَغِيرٍ وَكَبِيرٍ مُّسْتَطَرٌ
and everything big and small is committed to writing.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:53]
54:54إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّاتٍ وَنَهَرٍ
Indeed the Godwary will be amid gardens and streams,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:54]
54:55فِي مَقْعَدِ صِدْقٍ عِندَ مَلِيكٍ مُّقْتَدِرٍ
in the abode of truthfulness with an omnipotent King.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 54:55]