Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ اَلْإِسْكَافِ عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي اَلْجَارُودِ عَنِ اَلْأَصْبَغِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ كَانَ يَقُولُ:« مَنِ اِخْتَلَفَ إِلَى اَلْمَسْجِدِ أَصَابَ إِحْدَى اَلثَّمَانِ أَخاً مُسْتَفَاداً فِي اَللَّهِ أَوْ عِلْماً مُسْتَطْرَفاً أَوْ آيَةً مُحْكَمَةً أَوْ سَمِعَ كَلِمَةً تَدُلُّهُ عَلَى هُدًى أَوْ رَحْمَةً مُنْتَظَرَةً أَوْ كَلِمَةً تَرُدُّهُ عَنْ رَدًى أَوْ يَتْرُكُ ذَنْباً خَشْيَةً أَوْ حَيَاءً»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Ya'qub ibn Yazid from Ibn Abi Umayr from Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Hamid from Sa’ad al-Iskaf from Ziyad ibn Isa from Abu al-Jarud from al-Asbagh from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam Ali (a.s) used to say: “Whoever frequents the mosque will attain one of eight things; a brother benefitted in Allah (swt), or newly acquired knowledge, or a decisive verse, or hears a word that guides him to guidance, or a mercy awaited, or a word that repels him from destruction, or he leaves a sin out of fear, or out of shame.”

وَ عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى اَلْخَشَّابِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «جَنِّبُوا مَسَاجِدَكُمُ اَلْبَيْعَ وَ اَلشِّرَاءَ وَ اَلْمَجَانِينَ وَ اَلصِّبْيَانَ وَ اَلْأَحْكَامَ وَ اَلضَّالَّةَ وَ اَلْحُدُودَ وَ رَفْعَ اَلصَّوْتِ»

And from him, from al-Hasan ibn Musa al-Khashshab, from Ali ibn Asbat, from some of his men, who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “Keep your mosques free from; trade and buying and selling, and the insane, and children, and legal judgments, and lost property, and the carrying out of punishments, and raising the voice.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ اَلْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنِ اَلْعَمْرَكِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلشِّعْرِ أَ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يُنْشَدَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ« لاَ بَأْسَ» وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلضَّالَّةِ أَ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ تُنْشَدَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ« لاَ بَأْسَ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Hashimi, from al-Amraki, from Ali ibn Ja’far, from his brother Imam Musa (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Kadhim (a.s) about poetry, is it proper for it to be recited in the mosque? Imam (a.s) said: “There is no harm.” And I asked Imam (a.s) about a lost item, is it proper for it to be announced in the mosque? Imam (a.s) said: “There is no harm.”

قال محمد بن الحسن فلا تنافى بين الخبرين لان الخبر الاول محمول على ضرب من الكراهية دون الحظر والاخر محمول على الجواز

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan said: “So there is no contradiction between the two reports, because the first report is to be understood as indicating a type of dislike (karaha) rather than prohibition (hazr), and the other is to be understood as indicating permissibility (jawaz).”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ اَلرَّازِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلرَّازِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ:« اَلاِتِّكَاءُ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ رَهْبَانِيَّةُ اَلْعَرَبِ وَاَلْمُؤْمِنُ مَجْلِسُهُ مَسْجِدُهُ وَ صَوْمَعَتُهُ بَيْتُهُ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Hassan al-Razi from Abu Muhammad al-Razi from Isma'il ibn Abi Abdillah (a.s) from his father (a.s), peace be upon them both, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said: ‘Reclining in the mosque is the monasticism (‘rahbaniyyah’) of the Arabs, and the mosque is the gathering place for the believer, and his monastery (‘sawm'ah’) is his house.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« بِالْكُوفَةِ مَسَاجِدُ مَلْعُونَةٌ وَ مَسَاجِدُ مُبَارَكَةٌ فَأَمَّا اَلْمُبَارَكَةُ فَمَسْجِدُ غَنِيٍّ وَ اَللَّهِ إِنَّ قِبْلَتَهُ لَقَاسِطَةٌ وَإِنَّ طِينَتَهُ لَطَيِّبَةٌ وَلَقَدْ وَضَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلاَ تَذْهَبُ اَلدُّنْيَا حَتَّى تَنْفَجِرَ عِنْدَهُ عَيْنَانِ وَتَكُونَ عَلَيْهِ جَنَّتَانِ وَ أَهْلُهُ مَلْعُونُونَ وَ هُوَ مَسْلُوبٌ مِنْهُمْ وَ مَسْجِدُ بَنِي ظَفَرٍ وَ هُوَ مَسْجِدُ اَلسَّهْلَةِ وَ مَسْجِدُ اَلْحَمْرَاءِ وَ مَسْجِدُ جُعْفِيٍّ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ مَسْجِدَ هُمُ اَلْيَوْمَ» قَالَ« دَرَسَ وَأَمَّا اَلْمَسَاجِدُ اَلْمَلْعُونَةُ فَمَسْجِدُ ثَقِيفٍ وَمَسْجِدُ اَلْأَشْعَثِ وَ مَسْجِدُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْبَجَلِيِّ وَ مَسْجِدُ سِمَاكٍ وَ مَسْجِدُ اَلْحَمْرَاءِ بُنِيَ عَلَى قَبْرِ فِرْعَوْنٍ مِنَ اَلْفَرَاعِنَةِ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Ibrahim ibn Hashim from Amr ibn Uthman from Muhammad ibn Udhafir from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “In Kufah, there are cursed mosques and blessed mosques. As for the blessed; the ‘Mosque of Ghani’. By Allah, its qiblah is upright, and its soil is pure, and it was established by a believing man. And the world will not end until two springs burst forth at it, and there will be two gardens upon it. But its people are cursed, and it has been taken away from them. And the mosque of ‘Banu Zafar’, and that is the ‘Mosque of al-Sahlah’, and the ‘Mosque of al-Hamra’, and the ‘Mosque of Ju‘fi’ and it is not their mosque today, (and It has disappeared.)” Imam (a.s) said: “As for the cursed mosques; the ‘Mosque of Thaqif’, the ‘Mosque of al-Ash‘ath’, the ‘Mosque of Jarir ibn Abdillah al-Bajali’, the ‘Mosque of Simak’, and the ‘Mosque of al-Hamra’, it was built over the grave of a Pharaoh from among the Pharaohs.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْوَشَّاءِ عَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْحَرَامِ وَ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلرَّسُولِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي اَلْفَضْلِ سَوَاءٌ قَالَ« نَعَمْ وَ اَلصَّلاَةُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا تَعْدِلُ أَلْفَ صَلاَةٍ»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Ya'qub ibn Yazid from al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Washsha from Imam al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Ridha (a.s) about the prayer in the ‘Sacred Mosque’ (al-Masjid al-Haram) and the prayer in the ‘Mosque of the Messenger’, may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, are they equal in virtue? Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, and the prayer in between them equals one thousand prayers.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« جُدِّدَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ مَسَاجِدَ بِالْكُوفَةِ فَرَحاً لِقَتْلِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَسْجِدُ اَلْأَشْعَثِ وَمَسْجِدُ جَرِيرٍ وَمَسْجِدُ سِمَاكٍ وَ مَسْجِدُ شَبَثِ بْنِ رِبْعِيٍّ لَعَنَهُمُ اَللَّهُ»

Muhammad ibn Yahya from al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abdillah from Sulayman ibn Hisham from Salim from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “Four mosques in Kufah were renovated out of joy for the killing of Imam al-Husayn (a.s), peace be upon him; the ‘Mosque of al-Ash'ath’, the ‘Mosque of Jarir’, the ‘Mosque of Simak’, and the ‘Mosque of Shabath ibn Rib'i’. May Allah (swt) curse them.” (meaning may Allah (swt) curse those involved in the killing of Imam al-Husayn (a.s), those who renovated these ‘mosques’ out of joy for killing Imam al-Husayn (a.s))

سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْخَزَّازِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي« يَا هَارُونَ بْنَ خَارِجَةَ كَمْ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ مَسْجِدِ اَلْكُوفَةِ يَكُونُ مِيلاً» قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ« أَ فَتُصَلِّي فِيهِ اَلصَّلَوَاتِ كُلَّهَا» قُلْتُ لاَ فَقَالَ« أَمَا لَوْ كُنْتُ حَاضِراً بِحَضْرَتِهِ لَرَجَوْتُ أَنْ لاَ تَفُوتَنِي فِيهِ صَلاَةٌ وَ تَدْرِي مَا فَضْلُ ذَلِكَ اَلْمَوْضِعِ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ صَالِحٍ وَ لاَ نَبِيٍّ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ صَلَّى فِي مَسْجِدِكُمْ حَتَّى إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمَّا أَسْرَى اَللَّهُ بِهِ قَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَتَدْرِي أَيْنَ أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ اَلسَّاعَةَ أَنْتَ مُقَابِلُ مَسْجِدِ كُوفَانَ قَالَ« فَاسْتَأْذِنْ لِي رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَتَّى آتِيَهُ فَأُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ» فَاسْتَأْذَنَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَأَذِنَ لَهُ وَ إِنَّ مَيْمَنَتَهُ لَرَوْضَةٌ مِنْ رِيَاضِ اَلْجَنَّةِ وَإِنَّ وَسَطَهُ لَرَوْضَةٌ مِنْ رِيَاضِ اَلْجَنَّةِ وَإِنَّ مُؤَخَّرَهُ لَرَوْضَةٌ مِنْ رِيَاضِ اَلْجَنَّةِ وَإِنَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ اَلْمَكْتُوبَةَ فِيهِ لَتَعْدِلُ بِأَلْفِ صَلاَةٍ وَ إِنَّ اَلنَّافِلَةَ فِيهِ لَتَعْدِلُ بِخَمْسِمِائَةِ صَلاَةٍ وَ إِنَّ اَلْجُلُوسَ فِيهِ بِغَيْرِ تِلاَوَةٍ وَ لاَ ذِكْرٍ لَعِبَادَةٌ وَ لَوْ عَلِمَ اَلنَّاسُ مَا فِيهِ لَأَتَوْهُ وَ لَوْ حَبْواً»

Sahl ibn Ziyad from Amr ibn Uthman from Muhammad ibn Abdillah al-Khazzaz from Harun ibn Kharijah from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said to me: “O Harun ibn Kharijah, how far is it between you and the ‘Mosque of Kufa’? Is it a mile?” I said: “No”. Imam (a.s) said: “Then do you perform all the prayers in it?” I said: “No”. So Imam (a.s) said: “If I were present near it, I would hope that not a single prayer would pass me by in it. And do you know the merit of that place? There is not a single righteous servant nor a prophet except that he has prayed in your mosque, even the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family. Indeed, when Allah (swt) caused the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, to be taken on the ‘Night Journey’ (Mi’raj), Jibra'il (a.s), said to him: ‘Do you know where you are, O’ Messenger of Allah (saws)? At this moment you are facing the ‘Mosque of Kufa’.” Prophet (saws) said: “Then ask permission from my Lord (azj), Mighty and Majestic, that I may go to it and pray two units of prayer in it.” So Jibra’il (a.s) asked Allah (swt), the Majestic, for permission, and He (azj) permitted. And indeed, its right side is a garden from the gardens of Paradise, And its center is a garden from the gardens of Paradise, And its rear is a garden from the gardens of Paradise. And indeed the obligatory prayer performed in it is equal to one thousand prayers, and the supererogatory prayer in it is equal to five hundred prayers. And sitting in it without recitation or remembrance is worship. And if the people knew what was in it, they would come to it even crawling.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ مِنْ وُلْدِ أَبِي فَاطِمَةَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى اَلْكَاهِلِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى اَلْكَاهِلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ هُوَ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلْكُوفَةِ فَقَالَ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ رَحْمَةُ اَللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي أَرَدْتُ اَلْمَسْجِدَ اَلْأَقْصَى فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْكَ وَ أُوَدِّعَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ« فَأَيَّ شَيْءٍ أَرَدْتَ بِذَاكَ» فَقَالَ اَلْفَضْلَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ« فَبِعْ رَاحِلَتَكَ وَكُلْ زَادَكَ وَصَلِّ فِي هَذَا اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَإِنَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ اَلْمَكْتُوبَةَ فِيهِ حَجَّةٌ مَبْرُورَةٌ وَ اَلنَّافِلَةَ فِيهِ عُمْرَةٌ مَبْرُورَةٌ وَ اَلْبَرَكَةَ مِنْهُ عَلَى اِثْنَيْ عَشَرَ مِيلاً يَمِينُهُ يُمْنٌ وَ يَسَارُهُ مَكْرٌ وَ فِي وَسَطِهِ عَيْنٌ مِنْ دُهْنٍ وَ عَيْنٌ مِنْ لَبَنٍ وَ عَيْنٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ شَرَابٍ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ عَيْنٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ طُهْرٍ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْهُ سَارَتْ سَفِينَةُ نُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ كَانَ فِيهِ نَسْرٌ وَ يَغُوثُ وَ يَعُوقُ صَلَّى فِيهِ سَبْعُونَ نَبِيّاً وَ سَبْعُونَ وَصِيّاً أَنَا أَحَدُهُمْ» وَقَالَ بِيَدِهِ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ« مَا دَعَا فِيهِ مَكْرُوبٌ بِمَسْأَلَةٍ فِي حَاجَةٍ مِنَ اَلْحَوَائِجِ إِلاَّ أَجَابَهُ اَللَّهُ وَ فَرَّجَ عَنْهُ كُرْبَتَهُ»»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Abu Yusuf Ya'qub ibn Abdillah from the descendants of Abu Fatimah, from Isma'il ibn Zayd, the mawla of Abdillah ibn Yahya al-Kahili, from Abdillah ibn Yahya al-Kahili, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: A man came to the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, while he was in the Mosque of Kufa. He said: “Peace be upon you, O’ Commander of the Faithful (a.s), and the mercy of Allah (swt) and His (azj) blessings.” Imam Ali (a.s) returned the greeting. The man said: “May I be your ransom, I intended to go to the ‘al-Masjid al-Aqsa’, and I wanted to greet you and bid you farewell.” So Imam (a.s) said to him: “What do you intend by that?” He said: “The merit, may I be your ransom.” Imam (a.s) said “Then sell your mount and consume your provisions and pray in this mosque (Mosque of Kufa), for the obligatory prayer performed in it is (rewarded as) an accepted Hajj, and the supererogatory prayer in it is (rewarded as) an accepted Umrah. And the blessing from it extends for twelve miles. Its right side is blessed, and its left side is deception. In its center is a spring of oil, and a spring of milk, and a spring of drinking water for the believers, and a spring of purifying water for the believers. From it the Ark of Nuh (a.s), peace be upon him, set sail. And in it were (the idols) Nasr, Yaghuth, and Ya'uq. Seventy prophets and seventy successors prayed in it. I am one of them,” And Imam Ali (a.s) placed his hand upon his chest. (Imam (a.s) then continued) “No distressed person ever supplicated in it with a need among his needs except that Allah (swt) answered him and relieved him of his distress.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ اَلسِّمْطِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« إِذَا دَخَلْتَ مِنَ اَلْبَابِ اَلثَّانِي فِي مَيْمَنَةِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ تَعُدُّ خَمْسَ أَسَاطِينَ ثِنْتَانِ مِنْهَا فِي اَلظِّلاَلِ وَ ثَلاَثٌ مِنْهَا فِي اَلصَّحْنِ فَعِنْدَ اَلثَّالِثَةِ مُصَلَّى إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ هِيَ اَلْخَامِسَةُ مِنَ اَلْحَائِطِ» قَالَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ أَيَّامُ أَبِي اَلْعَبَّاسِ دَخَلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مِنْ بَابِ اَلْفِيلِ فَتَيَاسَرَ حِينَ دَخَلَ مِنَ اَلْبَابِ فَصَلَّى عِنْدَ اَلْأُسْطُوَانَةِ اَلرَّابِعَةِ وَ هِيَ بِحِذَاءِ اَلْخَامِسَةِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ تِلْكَ أُسْطُوَانَةُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ لِي« نَعَمْ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sufyan ibn al-Simt, who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s) said: “When you enter from the second gate on the right side of the mosque, count five pillars; two of them are under the shade and three of them are in the courtyard. At the third (pillar) is the prayer place of Ibrahim (a.s) and it is the fifth from the wall.” He (Sufyan ibn al-Simt) said: “When it was the time of Abu al-Abbas, Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, entered from the ‘Gate of the Elephant’, then turned to the left as He (a.s) entered from the gate and prayed at the fourth pillar, which is opposite the fifth. So I asked him: “Is that the pillar of Ibrahim (a.s), peace be upon him?” Imam (a.s) said to me: “Yes.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ اَلسِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ اَلْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« مَسْجِدُ كُوفَانَ رَوْضَةٌ مِنْ رِيَاضِ اَلْجَنَّةِ صَلَّى فِيهِ أَلْفُ نَبِيٍّ وَ سَبْعُونَ نَبِيّاً وَ مَيْمَنَتُهُ رَحْمَةٌ وَ مَيْسَرَتُهُ مَكْرٌ وَ فِيهِ عَصَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ شَجَرَةُ يَقْطِينٍ وَ خَاتَمُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ مِنْهُ« فٰارَ اَلتَّنُّورُ» وَ جَرَتِ اَلسَّفِينَةُ وَ هِيَ صُرَّةُ بَابِلَ وَ مَجْمَعُ اَلْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ»

Ali ibn Ibrahim from Salih ibn al-Sindi from Ja’far ibn Bashir from Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Hadha’ from Abu Usamah from Abu Ubaydah from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “The ‘Mosque of Kufah’ is a garden from gardens of Paradise. One thousand and seventy prophets prayed in it. Its right side is mercy, and its left side is deception. And in it is the staff of Musa (a.s), peace be upon him, And the gourd tree (shajarat yaqtin), And the ring of Sulayman (a.s), peace be upon him. And from it ‘the oven gushed forth’ (Surah Hud 11:40), and the Ark (of Nuh (a.s)) sailed. And it is the ‘navel of Babylon’ and the gathering place of the prophets (a.s).”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَيْفٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلْأَسْوَدِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ ذَكَرَ مَسْجِدَ اَلسَّهْلَةِ فَقَالَ« أَمَا إِنَّهُ مَنْزِلُ صَاحِبِنَا إِذَا قَامَ بِأَهْلِهِ»

Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal from al-Husayn ibn Sayf from Uthman from Salih ibn Abi al-Aswad, who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, mentioned the ‘Mosque of al-Sahlah’ and said: “Indeed, it is the residence of our companion (the Qa'im (ajf)), when He (ajf) rises with his family.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ اَلْخَزَّازِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قَالَ« بِالْكُوفَةِ مَسْجِدٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ مَسْجِدُ اَلسَّهْلَةِ لَوْ أَنَّ عَمِّي زَيْداً أَتَاهُ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ وَاِسْتَجَارَ اَللَّهَ لَأَجَارَ لَهُ اَللَّهُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً فِيهِ مُنَاخُ اَلرَّاكِبِ» قِيلَ وَ مَنِ اَلرَّاكِبُ قَالَ« اَلْخَضِرُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ بَيْتُ إِدْرِيسَ اَلنَّبِيِّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ مَا أَتَاهُ مَكْرُوبٌ قَطُّ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ مَا بَيْنَ اَلْعِشَاءَيْنِ فَدَعَا اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلاَّ فَرَّجَ اَللَّهُ كُرْبَتَهُ»

From him, from Amr ibn Uthman, from Husayn ibn Bakr, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Sa'id al-Khazzaz, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “In Kufah, there is a mosque called the ‘Mosque of al-Sahlah’. If my uncle Zayd had gone to it and prayed in it and sought refuge with Allah (swt), Allah (swt) would have granted him refuge for twenty years. In it is the resting place of the ‘Rider’.” It was asked: “And who is the ‘Rider’?” Imam (a.s) said: “Al-Khidr (a.s), peace be upon him, and the house of Idris (a.s) the Prophet, peace be upon him. And no distressed person has ever come to it and prayed in it, between the two evening prayers, and supplicated to Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, except that Allah (swt) relieved his distress.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« خَيْرُ مَسَاجِدِ نِسَائِكُمُ اَلْبُيُوتُ»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Ya'qub ibn Yazid from Ziyad ibn Marwan from Yunus ibn Zabian, who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “The best mosques for your women are their homes.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمَسَاجِدِ اَلْمُظَلَّلَةِ يُكْرَهُ اَلْقِيَامُ فِيهَا قَالَ« نَعَمْ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ تَضُرُّكُمُ اَلصَّلاَةُ فِيهَا اَلْيَوْمَ وَ لَوْ قَدْ كَانَ اَلْعَدْلُ لَرَأَيْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ فِي ذَلِكَ» قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ أَيُعَلِّقُ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلسِّلاَحَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ وَ أَمَّا فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْأَكْبَرِ فَلاَ فَإِنَّ جَدِّي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ نَهَى رَجُلاً يَبْرِي مِشْقَصاً فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from his father, from Ibn Abi Umayr, from Hammad, from al-Halabi, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about covered mosques, is it disliked to stand in them? Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, but prayer in them does not harm you today. And if justice were to be established, you would see for yourselves what would be done in that regard.” He (al-Halabi) said: “And I asked Imam (a.s), ‘May a man hang up his weapon in the mosque?’” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, but not in the ‘Great Mosque’ (al-Masjid al-Akbar), for my grandfather (Imam Ali ibn Husayn (a.s)), peace be upon him, forbade a man from sharpening an arrowhead (mishqas) in the mosque.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَكْسِرُ اَلْمَحَارِيبَ إِذَا رَآهَا فِي اَلْمَسَاجِدِ وَ يَقُولُ« كَأَنَّهَا مَذَابِحُ اَلْيَهُودِ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Talhah ibn Zayd, from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), from Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam Ali (a.s) used to break the mihrabs when He (a.s) saw them in the mosques and would say: “It is as if they are altars of the Jews.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ: أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَأَى مَسْجِداً بِالْكُوفَةِ قَدْ شُرِّفَ فَقَالَ« كَأَنَّهُ بِيعَةٌ» وَ قَالَ« إِنَّ اَلْمَسَاجِدَ تُبْنَى جُمّاً لاَ تُشَرَّفُ»

From him, from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s): Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, saw a mosque in Kufah that had been elevated in height, and Imam (a.s) said: “It is as if it is a church,” And Imam (a.s) said: “Indeed, Mosques are to be built plainly, not elevated.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلنَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «صَلاَةٌ فِي بَيْتِ اَلْمَقْدِسِ أَلْفُ صَلاَةٍ وَ صَلاَةٌ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْأَعْظَمِ مِائَةُ صَلاَةٍ وَ صَلاَةٌ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلْقَبِيلَةِ خَمْسٌ وَعِشْرُونَ صَلاَةً وَ صَلاَةٌ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلسُّوقِ اِثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ صَلاَةً وَ صَلاَةُ اَلرَّجُلِ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَحْدَهُ صَلاَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Hassan, from Abu Muhammad al-Nawfali, from al-Sakuni, from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s): Imam Ali (a.s), said: “A prayer in ‘Bayt al-Maqdis’ is equal to one thousand prayers, And a prayer in ‘Grand Mosque’ (al-Masjid al-A'zam) is equal to one hundred prayers, And a prayer in ‘Mosque of the Tribe’ (Masjid al-qabila) is equal to twenty-five prayers, And a prayer in the ‘Market Mosque’ (masjid al-suq) is equal to twelve prayers, And the prayer of a man alone in his house is one single prayer.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي اَلْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَبَّةَ اَلْعُرَنِيِّ قَالَ: خَرَجَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَى اَلْحِيرَةِ فَقَالَ« لَتَصِلَنَّ هَذِهِ بِهَذِهِ» وَأَوْمَى بِيَدِهِ إِلَى اَلْكُوفَةِ وَ اَلْحِيرَةِ« حَتَّى يُبَاعَ اَلذِّرَاعُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا بِدَنَانِيرَ وَ لَيُبْنَيَنَّ بِالْحِيرَةِ مَسْجِدٌ لَهُ خَمْسُمِائَةِ بَابٍ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ خَلِيفَةُ اَلْقَائِمِ عَجَّلَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَرَجَهُ لِأَنَّ مَسْجِدَ اَلْكُوفَةِ لَيَضِيقُ عَنْهُمْ وَ لَيُصَلِّيَنَّ فِيهِ اِثْنَا عَشَرَ إِمَاماً عَدْلاً» قُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَيَسَعُ مَسْجِدُ اَلْكُوفَةِ هَذَا اَلَّذِي تَصِفُ اَلنَّاسَ يَوْمَئِذٍ قَالَ« تُبْنَى لَهُ أَرْبَعُ مَسَاجِدَ مَسْجِدُ اَلْكُوفَةِ أَصْغَرُهَا وَ هَذَا وَ مَسْجِدَ انِ فِي طَرَفَيِ اَلْكُوفَةِ مِنْ هَذَا اَلْجَانِبِ وَ هَذَا اَلْجَانِبِ» وَ أَوْمَى بِيَدِهِ نَحْوَ اَلْبَصْرِيِّينَ وَ اَلْغَرِيَّيْنِ

From him, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from Muhammad ibn Isma'il, from Salih ibn Uqbah, from Amr ibn Abi al-Miqdam, from his father, from Habbah al-Urani, who said: The Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, went out to al-Hirah and said: “Surely this shall be joined to this” And Imam (a.s) gestured with his hand to Kufah and al-Hirah, (Imam (a.s) continued) “Until land between them shall be sold by dinars, and a mosque shall indeed be built in al-Hirah with five hundred doors, in which the Caliph of the Riser ‘the Qa'im (ajf)’, may Allah (swt) the Exalted hasten his relief, will pray. This is because the ‘Mosque of Kufah’ will be too small for them. And indeed, twelve just Imams (a.s) shall pray in it.” I asked: “O Commander of the Faithful (a.s), will this ‘Mosque of Kufah’ that you describe, be able to accommodate the people on that day?” Imam (a.s) said: “Four mosques shall be built for him (the Qa'im (ajf)); Masjid al-Kufa will be the smallest of them, and this one, and two mosques at the two ends of Kufa, on this side and that side” And Imam (a.s) pointed with his hand toward the Basrans (al-Basriyyin) and the people of al-Ghari (al-Ghariyyin).

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُصَيْنِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ اَلثُّمَالِيِّ: أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ أَتَى مَسْجِدَ اَلْكُوفَةِ عَمْداً مِنَ اَلْمَدِينَةِ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ ثُمَّ عَادَ حَتَّى رَكِبَ رَاحِلَتَهُ وَ أَخَذَ اَلطَّرِيقَ

From him, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn and Ali ibn Hadid, from Muhammad ibn Sinan, from Amr ibn Khalid, from Abu Hamzah al-Thumali: Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s), peace be upon them both, came intentionally from Medina to the ‘Mosque of Kufah’, and Imam (a.s) prayed in it four units of prayer. Then Imam (a.s) returned until he mounted his riding animal and took the road.

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي اَلْمَدِينَةِ هَلْ هِيَ مِثْلُ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ «لاَ إِنَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَلْفُ صَلاَةٍ وَ اَلصَّلاَةَ فِي اَلْمَدِينَةِ مِثْلُ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي سَائِرِ اَلْبُلْدَانِ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from Amr ibn Sa'id, from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah, from Ammar ibn Musa, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about prayer in Medina, is it like the prayer in the Mosque of the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family? Imam (a.s) said: “No. Indeed, the prayer in the Mosque of the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, is equal to one thousand prayers, and the prayer in Medina is like the prayer in all other cities.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلدِّهْقَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« جَنِّبُوا مَسَاجِدَكُمْ صِبْيَانَكُمْ وَ مَجَانِينَكُمْ وَ شِرَاءَكُمْ وَ بَيْعَكُمْ وَ اِجْعَلُوا مَطَاهِرَكُمْ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ مَسَاجِدِكُمْ»

From him, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Ja’far ibn Muhammad ibn Bashshar, from Abdillah al-Dihqan, from Abd al-Hamid, from Abu Ibrahim (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Kadhim (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said: ‘Keep your children and your insane ones and your buying and selling away from your mosques, and place your wash areas (matahir) at the doors of your mosques.’”

وَبِهَذَا اَلْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ:« مَنْ كَنَسَ اَلْمَسْجِدَ يَوْمَ اَلْخَمِيسِ وَلَيْلَةَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ فَأَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ مِنَ اَلتُّرَابِ مَا يُذَرُّ فِي اَلْعَيْنِ غَفَرَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ»

And with this chain of transmission, he said: The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said: “Whoever sweeps the mosque on Thursday and the night of Friday and removes from it dust, that can be scattered into the eye, Allah (swt) will forgive him.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ بِإِسْنَادٍ لَهُ قَالَ: قَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ« حَدُّ مَسْجِدِ اَلْكُوفَةِ آخِرُ اَلسَّرَّاجِينَ خَطَّهُ آدَمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَأَنَا أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَدْخُلَهُ رَاكِباً» قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَنْ غَيَّرَهُ عَنْ خِطَّتِهِ قَالَ« أَمَّا أَوَّلُ ذَلِكَ فَالطُّوفَانُ فِي زَمَانِ نُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ ثُمَّ غَيَّرَهُ أَصْحَابُ كِسْرَى وَ اَلنُّعْمَانِ ثُمَّ غَيَّرَهُ زِيَادُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ لَعْنَةُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Isa ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Mahziyar with his chain of transmission, who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said to him: “The boundary of the ‘Mosque of Kufah’ is at the end of the area of the lamp-makers (al-sarrajin); it was marked out by Adam (a.s), peace be upon him, and I dislike entering it while riding.” He (narrator) said: “I asked, ‘Then who changed it from its original plan?’” Imam (a.s) said: “The first of that was the flood in the time of Nuh (a.s), peace be upon him, then it was changed by the people of Kisra and al-Nu'man, then it was altered by Ziyad ibn Abi Sufyan, may the curse of Allah (swt) be upon him.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَبْرِ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ «دُفِنَتْ فِي بَيْتِهَا فَلَمَّا زَادَتْ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ صَارَتْ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, who said: I asked Abul Hasan (a.s), peace be upon him, about the grave of (Sayyidah) Fatimah (s.a), peace be upon her. Imam (a.s) said: “She (s.a) was buried in her house, and when the Umayyads expanded the mosque, it became part of the mosque.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ حَمْزَةَ عَنِ اَلْحَجَّالِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« مَنْ مَشَى إِلَى اَلْمَسْجِدِ لَمْ يَضَعْ رِجْلاً عَلَى رَطْبٍ وَ لاَ يَابِسٍ إِلاَّ سَبَّحَتْ لَهُ اَلْأَرْضُ إِلَى اَلْأَرْضِ اَلسَّابِعَةِ»

From him, from Ya'la ibn Hamzah, from al-Hajjal, from Ali ibn al-Hakam, from a man, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Whoever walks to the mosque, he does not place a foot on anything moist or dry except that the earth glorifies Allah (swt) on his behalf down to the seventh layer of the earth.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ اَلنَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« مَنْ كَانَ اَلْقُرْآنُ حَدِيثَهُ وَ اَلْمَسْجِدُ بَيْتَهُ بَنَى اَللَّهُ لَهُ بَيْتاً فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Ibrahim ibn Hashim from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), peace be upon them both, who said: The Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said: “Whoever makes the Quran his speech and the mosque his home, Allah (swt) will build for him a house in Paradise.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ اَلْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« مَنْ أَكَلَ شَيْئاً مِنَ اَلْمُؤْذِيَاتِ رِيحُهَا فَلاَ يَقْرَبَنَّ اَلْمَسْجِدَ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Barqi from al-Qasim ibn Yahya from his grandfather al-Hasan ibn Rashid from Abu Basir from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, from his forefathers, from Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam Ali (a.s) said: “Whoever eats anything whose odor is offensive, let him not come near the mosque.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ اَلْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« تَعَاهَدُوا نِعَالَكُمْ عِنْدَ أَبْوَابِ مَسَاجِدِكُمْ وَ نَهَى أَنْ يَتَنَعَّلَ اَلرَّجُلُ وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Kufi from Ja’far ibn Muhammad from Abdillah ibn Maymun al-Qaddah from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), peace be upon them both, who said: The Prophet, may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said: “Take care of your sandals at the doors of your mosques, and he forbade a man from putting on his sandals while standing.”

أَحْمَدُ عَنِ اَلْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ اَلنَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَرَّ عَلَى مَنَارَةٍ طَوِيلَةٍ فَأَمَرَ بِهَدْمِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ« لاَ تُرْفَعُ اَلْمَنَارَةُ إِلاَّ مَعَ سَطْحِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ»»

Ahmad from al-Barqi from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), from his forefathers, from Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, passed by a tall minaret and ordered it to be demolished. Then Imam (a.s) said: “A minaret is not to be raised except to the level of the roof of the mosque.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« إِذَا أَخْرَجَ أَحَدُكُمُ اَلْحَصَاةَ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَلْيَرُدَّهَا مَكَانَهَا أَوْ فِي مَسْجِدٍ آخَرَ فَإِنَّهَا تُسَبِّحُ»

Ahmad ibn Abi Abdillah from his father from Wahb ibn Wahb from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), peace be upon them both, who said: Imam (a.s) said: “If one of you removes a pebble from the mosque, let him return it to its place or to another mosque, for it glorifies Allah (swt) (does tasbih).”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« اَلْبُزَاقُ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ خَطِيئَةٌ وَ كَفَّارَتُهُ دَفْنُهُ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), from his forefathers, peace be upon them: Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “Spitting in the mosque is a sin, and its expiation is to bury it.” (meaning cover it with sand)

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ اَلشَّعِيرِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« مَنْ وَقَّرَ بِنُخَامَتِهِ اَلْمَسْجِدَ لَقِيَ اَللَّهَ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ ضَاحِكاً قَدْ أُعْطِيَ« كِتٰابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Musa ibn Yasar from Ali ibn Ja’far al-Sakuni from Isma’il ibn Muslim al-Shayiri from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), from his forefathers, peace be upon them: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Whoever honors the mosque regarding his phlegm (spitting it in a respectful or hidden manner), he shall meet Allah (swt) on the Day of Resurrection smiling, having been given his book (of accountability) in his right hand (kitabahu biyaminihi).”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ اَلنَّهَاوَنْدِيِّ عَنِ اَلْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ:« مَنْ تَنَخَّعَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ ثُمَّ رَدَّهَا فِي جَوْفِهِ لَمْ تَمُرَّ بِدَاءٍ فِي جَوْفِهِ إِلاَّ أَبْرَأَتْهُ»

From him, from Abu Ishaq al-Nahawandi, from al-Barqi, from Ibn Abi Umayr, from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, say: “Whoever spits phlegm (tanakhkhaʿa) in the mosque and then swallows it back into his body, there will not remain any illness in his body except that it will be cured.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ فَيُرِيدُ أَنْ يَبْصُقَ فَقَالَ« عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي غَيْرِ صَلاَةٍ فَلاَ يَبْزُقْ حِذَاءَ اَلْقِبْلَةِ وَ يَبْزُقُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ شِمَالِهِ»

Al-Husayn ibn Sa’id from Muhammad ibn Mihran from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I said to Imam al-Sadiq (a.s): “A man is in the mosque in prayer and wants to spit.” Imam (a.s) said: “To his left. And if he is not in prayer, then he should not spit facing the Qiblah, but he may spit to his right or to his left.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« لاَ يَبْزُقَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ قِبَلَ وَجْهِهِ وَ لاَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ لْيَبْزُقْ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَ تَحْتَ قَدَمِهِ اَلْيُسْرَى»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from al-Abbas ibn Ma'ruf from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Talhah ibn Zayd from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), peace be upon them both, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “Let none of you spit during prayer in front of his face, nor to his right, but let him spit to his left and beneath his left foot.”

قال محمد بن الحسن هذه الاخبار محمولة على ضرب من الكراهية ولو فعل الانسان غير ذلك لم يكن مأثوما يدل على ذلك ما رواه

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan said: “These reports are to be understood as indicating a kind of dislike (karahiyyah), and if a person were to act otherwise, he would not be sinful.” This is supported by what has been narrated:

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ اَلثَّانِيَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ تَفَلَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْحَرَامِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ اَلرُّكْنِ اَلْيَمَانِيِّ وَ اَلْحَجَرِ اَلْأَسْوَدِ وَ لَمْ يَدْفِنْهُ

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahziyar said: I saw Abu Ja’far al-Thani (a.s) (the Second), peace be upon him, spit in the ‘Sacred Mosque’ (al-Masjid al-Haram) between the Yemeni Corner and the Black Stone, and Imam (a.s) did not bury it.

سَعْدٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ اَلْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ مَوْلَى طِرْبَالٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ:« كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُصَلِّي فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَيَبْصُقُ أَمَامَهُ وَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ وَ خَلْفَهُ عَلَى اَلْحَصَى وَ لاَ يُغَطِّيهِ»

Sa’ad from Abu Ja’far from al-Abbas ibn Ma‘ruf from Safwan from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Sulayman, the client of Tirbal, from Ubayd ibn Zurarah, who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, say: “Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, used to pray in the mosque and would spit in front of him, to his right, to his left, and behind him on the pebbles, and he would not cover it.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ مُوسَى قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْوُضُوءِ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَكَرِهَهُ مِنَ اَلْغَائِطِ وَ اَلْبَوْلِ

Al-Husayn ibn Sa’id from Fadalah from Rifa‘ah ibn Musa who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about performing ablution in the mosque. Imam (a.s) disliked it when it was after defecation or urination. (meaning dislike ‘karahah’ for doing wudu in the mosque when the cause for purification was relieving oneself)

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلنَّوْمِ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْحَرَامِ وَ مَسْجِدِ اَلرَّسُولِ قَالَ« نَعَمْ أَيْنَ يَنَامُ اَلنَّاسُ»

Ali ibn Ibrahim from Muhammad ibn Isa from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahb who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about sleeping in the ‘Sacred Mosque’ (al-Masjid al-Haram) and the ‘Mosque of the Messenger (saws)’. Imam (a.s) said: “Yes. Where else would people sleep?”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي اَلنَّوْمِ فِي اَلْمَسَاجِدِ فَقَالَ« لاَ بَأْسَ إِلاَّ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدَيْنِ مَسْجِدِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ مَسْجِدِ اَلْحَرَامِ» قَالَ وَ كَانَ يَأْخُذُ بِيَدِي فِي بَعْضِ اَللَّيْلِ فَيَتَنَحَّى نَاحِيَةً ثُمَّ يَجْلِسُ فَيَتَحَدَّثُ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلْحَرَامِ فَرُبَّمَا نَامَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ« إِنَّمَا يُكْرَهُ أَنْ يُنَامَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلَّذِي كَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَأَمَّا اَلَّذِي فِي هَذَا اَلْمَوْضِعِ فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ»

From him, from his father, from Hammad, from Hariz, from Zurarah, who said: I said to Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him: “What do you say about sleeping in the mosques?” Imam (a.s) said: “There is no problem except in two mosques; the ‘Mosque of the Prophet (saws)’, peace be upon him and his family, and the ‘Sacred Mosque.’” He (Zurarah) said: “And Imam (a.s) would take me by the hand during part of the night, then withdraw to a side, and sit and talk in the ‘Sacred Mosque’, and Imam (a.s) would sometimes sleep. So I asked Imam (a.s) about that, and Imam (a.s) said: ‘It is only disliked to sleep in the part of the mosque that existed during the time of the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family. As for that which is in this area, there is no problem with it.’”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ اَلْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ زَيْدٍ اَلشَّحَّامِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَوْلُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ« لاٰ تَقْرَبُوا اَلصَّلاٰةَ وَ أَنْتُمْ سُكٰارىٰ» قَالَ« سُكْرُ اَلنَّوْمِ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hammad ibn Isa from al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar from Abu Usamah Zayd al-Shahham who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: Do not approach the prayer while you are intoxicated’ (Surah An Nisa 4:43). Imam (a.s) said: “(It is referring to) ‘the intoxication of sleep’.”

اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ اَلصَّلاَةَ فِي مَسَاجِدِهِمْ فَقَالَ« لاَ تَكْرَهْ فَمَا مِنْ مَسْجِدٍ بُنِيَ إِلاَّ عَلَى قَبْرِ نَبِيٍّ أَوْ وَصِيِّ نَبِيٍّ قُتِلَ فَأَصَابَ تِلْكَ اَلْبُقْعَةَ رَشَّةٌ مِنْ دَمِهِ فَأَحَبَّ اَللَّهُ أَنْ يُذْكَرَ فِيهَا فَأَدِّ فِيهَا اَلْفَرَائِضَ وَ اَلنَّوَافِلَ وَ اِقْضِ مَا فَاتَكَ»

Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from one of his companions who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “I feel dislike for praying in their mosques (the opponents).” Imam (a.s) said: “Do not dislike it, for there is no mosque that was built except upon the grave of a prophet or the trustee (wasi) of a prophet who was killed, and a sprinkling of his blood reached that spot, so Allah (swt) loved that He (azj) be remembered there. So perform in them (these mosques) the obligatory prayers, and the recommended ones, and make up in them what you have missed (of prayers).”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَنْ سَلِّ اَلسَّيْفِ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ وَ عَنْ بَرْيِ اَلنَّبْلِ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ» وَ قَالَ« إِنَّمَا بُنِيَ لِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ»

Ali ibn Ibrahim from Muhammad ibn Isa from Yunus ibn Abd al-Rahman from al-‘Ala from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of the two Imams (a.s), peace be upon them, who said: Imam (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, forbade drawing the sword in the mosque and sharpening arrows in the mosque,” And Imam (a.s) said: “It (Mosque) was only built for other than that.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« مَنْ سَمِعْتُمُوهُ يُنْشِدُ اَلشِّعْرَ فِي اَلْمَسَاجِدِ فَقُولُوا فَضَّ اَللَّهُ فَاكَ إِنَّمَا نُصِبَتِ اَلْمَسَاجِدُ لِلْقُرْآنِ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj from Ja’far ibn Ibrahim from Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn, peace be upon them both, who said: The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: “Whoever you hear reciting poetry in the mosques, say to him: ‘May Allah (swt) break your mouth! Verily, the mosques were only established for the Qur’an.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْعَلَوِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ جُمْهُورٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْعَظِيمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْعَلَوِيِّ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ اَلْعُرَنِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ جُمَيْعٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي اَلْمَسَاجِدِ اَلْمُصَوَّرَةِ فَقَالَ« أَكْرَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ يَضُرُّكُمْ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ وَ لَوْ قَدْ قَامَ اَلْعَدْلُ لَرَأَيْتُمْ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ فِي ذَلِكَ»

Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub from al-Hasan ibn Ali al-‘Alawi from Sahl ibn Jumhur from Abd al-‘Azim ibn Abdillah al-‘Alawi from al-Hasan ibn al-Husayn al-‘Urani from Amr ibn Jumay’ who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about praying in mosques that contain images. Imam (a.s) said: “I dislike that, but it does not harm you today. And if the ‘Just One’ (al Qaim (ajf)) were to rise, you would see what He (ajf) would do regarding that.”

سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْجَارُودِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ يَكُونُ فِي اَلْبَيْتِ فَيُرِيدُ أَهْلُ اَلْبَيْتِ أَنْ يَتَوَسَّعُوا بِطَائِفَةٍ مِنْهُ أَوْ يُحَوِّلُونَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ مَكَانِهِ قَالَ« لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ» قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مَكَانٍ يَكُونُ حَشّاًثُمَّ يُنَظَّفُ وَ يُجْعَلُ مَسْجِداً قَالَ« يُطْرَحُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلتُّرَابِ حَتَّى يُوَارِيَهُ فَهُوَ أَطْهَرُ»

Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr from Aban ibn Uthman from Abu al-Jarud who said: I asked Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, about a mosque that is within a house, and the people of the house want to expand into part of it, or move it to another place. Imam (a.s) said: “There is no harm in that.” He (Abu al-Jarud) said: “And I asked Imam (a.s) about a place that was previously a refuse area, then it is cleaned and made into a mosque.” Imam (a.s) said: “Let earth be thrown over it until it covers it, for that is purer.”

ولا ينافي هذا الخبر ما رواه

And this report is not contradicted by what was narrated:

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ مَوْلَى طِرْبَالٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ:« اَلْأَرْضُ كُلُّهَا مَسْجِدٌ إِلاَّ بِئْرَ غَائِطٍ أَوْ مَقْبَرَةً»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from al-Abbas from Safwan from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Sulayman, the freed slave of Tirbal, from Ubayd ibn Zurarah, who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, say: “The entire earth is a mosque except for a latrine pit, or a graveyard.”

لان الوجه في هذا الخبر هو انه لا يتخذ بئر الغائط مسجدا إلا بعد أن يطم بالتراب وتنقطع رائحته على ما بيناه في الخبر الاول ويزيد ذلك بيانا ما رواه

Or the reasoning in this report is that a latrine pit is not to be taken as a mosque unless it is filled in with earth and its odor has ceased, as we explained in the first report. And this is further clarified by what was narrated:

سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ اَلرَّبَعِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَ يَصْلُحُ مَكَانٌ حَشٌّ أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ مَسْجِداً فَقَالَ« إِذَا أُلْقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلتُّرَابِ مَا يُوَارِي ذَلِكَ وَ يَقْطَعُ رِيحَهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ اَلتُّرَابَ طَهُورٌ وَ بِهِ مَضَتِ اَلسُّنَّةُ»

Sa’ad ibn Abdillah from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas‘adah ibn Sadaqah al-Ruba‘i from Imam Ja’far ibn Muhammad (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked: “Is it permissible for a place that was a refuse area to be made into a mosque?” Imam (a.s) said: “If earth is thrown over it to cover it and to cut off its odor, then there is no problem. And that is because earth is purifying, and with it the Sunnah has proceeded.”

سَعْدٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ يَكُونُ فِي اَلدَّارِ وَ فِي اَلْبَيْتِ وَ يَبْدُو لِأَهْلِهِ أَنْ يَتَوَسَّعُوا بِطَائِفَةٍ مِنْهُ أَوْ يُحَوِّلُونَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ مَكَانِهِ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ» قُلْتُ فَالْمَكَانُ يَكُونُ حَشّاً زَمَاناً فَيُنَظَّفُ وَ يُتَّخَذُ مَسْجِداً فَقَالَ« أَلْقِ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلتُّرَابِ حَتَّى يَتَوَارَى فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُطَهِّرُهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى»

Sa’ad from Abu Ja’far from his father from Abdullah ibn al-Mughirah from Abdullah ibn Sinan who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about a mosque that is within a house or a room, and its people want to expand into part of it or move it to another place. Imam (a.s) said: “There is no harm in that.” I (ibn Sinan) said: “And what about a place that was a refuse area for some time, then it is cleaned and made into a mosque?” Imam (a.s) said: “Throw earth over it until it is covered, for that purifies it, if Allah (swt), the Exalted, wills.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُضَارِبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُجْعَلَ عَلَى اَلْعَذِرَةِ مَسْجِداً»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Faddal from Tha‘labah ibn Maymun from Muhammad ibn Mudharib from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “There is no harm in making a mosque over a place of excrement.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ اَلْعِيصِ بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْبِيَعِ وَ اَلْكَنَائِسِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ نَقْضُهَا لِبِنَاءِ اَلْمَسَاجِدِ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ»

Muhammad ibn Isma’il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan from al-‘Is ibn al-Qasim who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about churches and synagogues, is it permissible to demolish them for the construction of mosques? Imam (a.s) said: “Yes.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلنُّعْمَانِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَشْكُرَ اَلْكَاهِلِيِّ عَنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« مَنْ أَسْرَجَ فِي مَسْجِدٍ مِنْ مَسَاجِدِ اَللَّهِ سِرَاجاً لَمْ تَزَلِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ حَمَلَةُ اَلْعَرْشِ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لَهُ مَادَامَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ ضَوْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ اَلسِّرَاجِ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn al-Nu‘man from Muhammad ibn Hassan from Ishaq ibn Yashkur al-Kahili from al-Hakam from Anas who said: The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: “Whoever lights a lamp in a mosque from among the mosques of Allah (swt), the angels and the bearers of ‘the Throne’ will continue to seek forgiveness for him as long as there is light from that lamp in the mosque.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ رَجُلاً يُصَلِّي بِنَا نَقْتَدِي بِهِ فَهُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ أَوْ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ« اَلْمَسْجِدُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali Ibrahim ibn Maymun from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I said to Imam al-Sadiq (a.s): “A man leads us in prayer and we follow him, is that more beloved to you, or praying in the mosque?” Imam (a.s) said: “(Praying in) the mosque is more beloved to me.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« لاَ صَلاَةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَشْهَدِ اَلصَّلَوَاتِ اَلْمَكْتُوبَاتِ مِنْ جِيرَانِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ إِذَا كَانَ فَارِغاً صَحِيحاً»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Talhah ibn Zayd, from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), from Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam Ali (a.s) said: “There is no prayer for the one who does not attend the obligatory prayers with the neighbours of the mosque, when he is free and in good health.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ اَلَّذِي« أُسِّسَ عَلَى اَلتَّقْوىٰ» فَقَالَ« مَسْجِدُ قُبَاءَ»

Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn Uthman from al-Halabi from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about the mosque which ‘was founded on piety’. Imam (a.s) said: “The Mosque of Quba.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُوسَى بْنُ أُكَيْلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْأَعْلَى مَوْلَى آلِ سَامٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَمْ كَانَ مَسْجِدُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ« ثَلاَثَةُ آلاَفٍ وَ سِتُّمِائَةِ ذِرَاعٍ مُكَسَّراً»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ali ibn Isma’il from Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Sa’id who said: Musa ibn Ukayl narrated to me from Abd al-A‘la, the freed slave of the family of Sam, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “How large was the mosque of the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family?” Imam (a.s) said: “Three thousand and six hundred cubits, irregularly shaped.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ:« إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بَنَى مَسْجِدَهُ بِالسُّمَيْطِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ كَثُرُوا فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِالْمَسْجِدِ فَزِيدَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ» فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَزِيدَ فِيهِ وَ بَنَاهُ بِالسَّعِيدَةِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ كَثُرُوا فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِالْمَسْجِدِ فَزِيدَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ» فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَزِيدَ فِيهِ وَ بُنِيَ جِدَارُهُ بِالْأُنْثَى وَ اَلذَّكَرِ ثُمَّ اِشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلْحَرُّ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِالْمَسْجِدِ فَظُلِّلَ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ» فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَأُقِيمَتْ فِيهِ سَوَارِي مِنْ جُذُوعِ اَلنَّخْلِ ثُمَّ طُرِحَتْ عَلَيْهِ اَلْعَوَارِضُ وَ اَلْخَصَفُ وَ اَلْإِذْخِرُ فَعَاشُوا فِيهِ حَتَّى أَصَابَتْهُمُ اَلْأَمْطَارُ فَجَعَلَ اَلْمَسْجِدُ يَكِفُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِالْمَسْجِدِ فَطُيِّنَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ« لاَ عَرِيشٌ كَعَرِيشِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ» فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَكَانَ جِدَارُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُظَلَّلَ قَامَةً فَكَانَ إِذَا كَانَ اَلْفَيْءُ ذِرَاعاً وَ هُوَ قَدْرُ مَرْبِضِ عَنْزٍ يُصَلِّي اَلظُّهْرَ فَإِذَا كَانَ ضِعْفَ ذَلِكَ صَلَّى اَلْعَصْرَ» وَ قَالَ «اَلسَّمِيطُ لَبِنَةٌ لَبِنَةٌ وَ اَلسَّعِيدَةُ لَبِنَةٌ وَنِصْفٌ وَ اَلْأُنْثَى وَ اَلذَّكَرُ لَبِنَتَانِ مُخَالِفَتَانِ»

Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Abdullah ibn al-Mughirah from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I heard Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) say: “Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, built his mosque with samit (a type of simple material), then the Muslims increased in number, so they said: ‘O’ Messenger of Allah (swt), if only you would command the mosque to be expanded’. Prophet (saws) said: “Yes.” So Prophet (saws) commanded it, and it was expanded, and He (saws) built it with sa'idah (palm trunks or branches). Then the Muslims increased again, so they said: ‘O’ Messenger of Allah (swt), if only you would command the mosque to be expanded’. Prophet (saws) said: “Yes.” So Prophet (saws) commanded it, and it was expanded, and its wall was built with ‘al-Untha’ and ‘al-Dhakar’ (with clay bricks called 'female' and 'male'). Then the heat became intense for them, so they said: ‘O’ Messenger of Allah (swt), if only you would command the mosque to be shaded’. Prophet (saws) said: “Yes.” So Prophet (saws) commanded it, and pillars were erected in it from palm trunks, then crossbeams and palm leaves and al-idhkhar (a fragrant desert grass) were placed over them. And they remained in it until rain struck them, and the mosque began to drip on them. So they said: ‘O’ Messenger of Allah (swt), if only you would command the mosque to be plastered with clay’. The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said to them: “No. A canopy like the canopy of Musa (a.s), peace be upon him.” And it remained like that until the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, passed away. Its wall, before it was shaded, was (equivalent to) a man’s height. And when the shadow (al-fay’) reached one cubit, which is the space of a goat’s resting place, He (saws) would pray the noon prayer (al-Dhuhr). And when it became double that, He (saws) would pray the afternoon prayer (al-Asr).” And Imam (a.s) said: “ ‘As-samit’ is one brick by one brick, ‘As-sa‘idah’ is one and a half bricks, and ‘Al-untha’ and ‘Al-dhakar’ are two differing bricks.”

إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ اَلنَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« نَهَى اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَنْ رَطَانَةِ اَلْأَعَاجِمِ فِي اَلْمَسَاجِدِ»

Ibrahim ibn Hashim from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), from his forefathers, peace be upon them, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The Prophet (saws), peace be upon him and his family, forbade the speaking of foreign languages (ratanat al-a‘ajim) in the mosques.” (meaning to preserve arabic clarity, reverence, and unity in worship)

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« مَنْ سَمِعَ اَلنِّدَاءَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ فَهُوَ مُنَافِقٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُرِيدَ اَلرُّجُوعَ إِلَيْهِ»

From him (a.s), from his father (a.s), from his forefathers, peace be upon them, who said: The Prophet (saws) said: “Whoever hears the call to prayer in the mosque, and leaves without an excuse is a hypocrite, unless he intends to return to it.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَبْصَرَ رَجُلاً يَخْذِفُ بِحَصَاةٍ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ« مَا زَالَتْ تَلْعَنُ حَتَّى وَقَعَتْ»» ثُمَّ قَالَ« اَلْخَذْفُ فِي اَلنَّادِي مِنْ أَخْلاَقِ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ» ثُمَّ تَلاَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ«« وَ تَأْتُونَ فِي نٰادِيكُمُ اَلْمُنْكَرَ»» قَالَ« هُوَ اَلْخَذْفُ»

From him (a.s), from his forefathers (a.s), peace be upon them: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The Prophet (saws), saw a man flicking a pebble in the mosque. Prophet (saws) said: “It continues to be cursed until it lands.” He (saws) said: “Flicking pebbles in gatherings is from the manners of people of Lut.” Then Prophet (saws), peace be upon him, recited: “And you commit in your gatherings what is detestable” (Surah Al Ankabut 29:29), And Prophet (saws) said: “That is the flicking of pebbles.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ اَلْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ اَلنَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ:« كَشْفُ اَلسُّرَّةِ وَ اَلْفَخِذِ وَ اَلرُّكْبَةِ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ مِنَ اَلْعَوْرَةِ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Ahmad from al-Barqi from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), peace be upon them both: The Prophet (saws), peace be upon him and his family, said: “Uncovering the navel, the thigh, and the knee in the mosque is from the ‘awrah (private parts to be covered).”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلصُّهْبَانِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ بْنِ فُضَيْلٍ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْمَسْجِدَ وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَجْلِسَ فَلاَ تَدْخُلْهُ إِلاَّ طَاهِراً وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ فَاسْتَقْبِلِ اَلْقِبْلَةَ ثُمَّ اُدْعُ اَللَّهَ وَ اِسْأَلْهُ وَ سَمِّ حِينَ تَدْخُلُهُ وَ اِحْمَدِ اَللَّهَ وَ صَلِّ عَلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Abi al-Suhban from Muhammad ibn Sinan from al-‘Ala ibn Fudayl from one who narrated it from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “When you enter the mosque intending to sit, do not enter it except in a state of purity. And when you enter, face the qiblah, then supplicate to Allah (swt) and ask Him (azj), and mention His (azj) name when you enter it. And praise Allah (swt) and send blessings upon the Prophet (saws), peace be upon him and his family.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ:« إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْمَسْجِدَ فَقُلْ بِسْمِ اَللَّهِ وَ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ وَ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اَللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ رَبِّ اِغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي وَ اِفْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ فَضْلِكَ وَ إِذَا خَرَجْتَ فَقُلْ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ»

Al-Husayn ibn Sa’id from al-Hasan from Zur’ah from Sama’ah who said: It was said: “When you enter the mosque, say: ‘In the name of Allah (swt), and peace be upon the Messenger of Allah (swt). Indeed, Allah (swt) and His (azj) angels send blessings upon (Prophet) Muhammad (saws) and the family of Muhammad (saws), And peace be upon them and the mercy of Allah (swt) and His (azj) blessings. My Lord (azj), forgive me my sins and open for me the doors of Your grace.’ And when you leave (the mosque), say the same.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ قَالَ:« إِذَا دَخَلْتَ اَلْمَسْجِدَ فَقُلِ اَللَّهُمَّ اِغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي وَ اِفْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِكَ وَ إِذَا خَرَجْتَ فَقُلِ اَللَّهُمَّ اِغْفِرْ لِي وَ اِفْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ فَضْلِكَ»

From him, from Fudayl ibn Uthman from Abdullah ibn al-Hasan who said: It was said: “When you enter the mosque, say: ‘O’ Allah (swt), forgive me my sins and open for me the doors of Your mercy’. And when you leave, say: ‘O’ Allah (swt), forgive me and open for me the doors of Your grace’.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ اَلْحَجَّالِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ حَسَّانَ اَلْجَمَّالِ قَالَ: حَمَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مِنَ اَلْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ قَالَ فَلَمَّا اِنْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى مَسْجِدِ اَلْغَدِيرِ نَظَرَ فِي مَيْسَرَةِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ« ذَاكَ مَوْضِعُ قَدَمِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَيْثُ قَالَ« مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلاَهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلاَهُ اَللَّهُمَّ وَالِ مَنْ وَالاَهُ وَ عَادِ مَنْ عَادَاهُ»» ثُمَّ نَظَرَ فِي اَلْجَانِبِ اَلْآخَرِ فَقَالَ« هَذَا مَوْضِعُ فُسْطَاطِ أَبِي فُلاَنٍ وَ فُلاَنٍ وَ سَالِمٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ اَلْجَرَّاحِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ رَأَوْهُ رَافِعاً يَدَهُ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ اُنْظُرُوا إِلَى عَيْنَيْهِ تَدُورَانِ كَأَنَّهُمَا عَيْنَا مَجْنُونٍ فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِهَذِهِ اَلْآيَةِ« وَ إِنْ يَكٰادُ اَلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَيُزْلِقُونَكَ بِأَبْصٰارِهِمْ لَمّٰا سَمِعُوا اَلذِّكْرَ وَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّهُ لَمَجْنُونٌ` وَ مٰا هُوَ إِلاّٰ ذِكْرٌ لِلْعٰالَمِينَ»» ثُمَّ قَالَ« يَا حَسَّانُ لَوْلاَ أَنَّكَ جَمَّالِي لَمَا حَدَّثْتُكَ بِهَذَا اَلْحَدِيثِ»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from al-Hajjal from Abd al-Samad ibn Bashir from Hassan al-Jammal who said: I carried Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, from Medina to Mecca. He (Hassan al-Jammal) said: “When we reached the ‘Mosque of al-Ghadir’, Imam (a.s) looked towards the left side of the mosque and said: ‘That is the place of the foot of the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, where Prophet (saws) said: ‘Whoever I am his master (mawla), then Ali (a.s) is his master (mawla). O’ Allah (swt), befriend whoever befriends him and be the enemy of whoever is his enemy.’” Then Imam (a.s) looked to the other side and said: “This is the place of the tent of ‘so-and-so’ and ‘so-and-so’ and Salim, the mawla (freed slave) of Abu Hudhayfah, and Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah. When they saw Prophet (saws) raising his (Imam Ali (a.s)) hand, some of them said: ‘Look at his eyes, they are turning as if they are the eyes of a madman.’ So Jibra'il (a.s), peace be upon him, descended with the verse: ‘And indeed, those who disbelieve, almost drive you to slip with their eyes when they hear the message, and they say: Indeed, he is mad; but it is nothing except a reminder to the worlds.’” (Surah Al Qalam 68:51-52) Then Imam (a.s) said: “O Hassan, were it not for the fact that you are my camel driver, I would not have narrated this hadith to you.”

وَرَوَى جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْأَنْصَارِيُّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِبَرَاثَا بَعْدَ رُجُوعِهِ مِنْ قِتَالِ اَلشُّرَاةِ وَنَحْنُ زُهَاءُ مِائَةِ أَلْفِ رَجُلٍ فَنَزَلَ نَصْرَانِيٌّ مِنْ صَوْمَعَتِهِ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ عَمِيدُ هَذَا اَلْجَيْشِ فَقُلْنَا هَذَا فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا سَيِّدِي أَنْتَ نَبِيٌّ فَقَالَ« لاَ اَلنَّبِيُّ سَيِّدِي قَدْ مَاتَ» قَالَ فَأَنْتَ وَصِيُّ نَبِيٍّ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ» ثُمَّ قَالَ« اِجْلِسْ كَيْفَ سَأَلْتَ عَنْ هَذَا» قَالَ إِنَّمَا بُنِيَتْ هَذِهِ اَلصَّوْمَعَةُ مِنْ أَجْلِ هَذَا اَلْمَوْضِعِ وَ هُوَ بَرَاثَا وَ قَرَأْتُ فِي اَلْكُتُبِ اَلْمُنَزَّلَةِ أَنَّهُ لاَ يُصَلِّي فِي هَذَا اَلْمَوْضِعِ بِذَا اَلْجَمْعِ إِلاَّ نَبِيٌّ أَوْ وَصِيُّ نَبِيٍّ وَ قَدْ جِئْتُ أَنْ أُسْلِمَ فَأَسْلَمَ فَخَرَجَ مَعَنَا إِلَى اَلْكُوفَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ« فَمَنْ صَلَّى هَاهُنَا» قَالَ صَلَّى عِيسَى اِبْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَ أُمُّهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ« أَ فَأُفِيدُكَ مَنْ صَلَّى هَاهُنَا» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ« اَلْخَلِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ»

And Jabir ibn Abdillah al-Ansari narrated that he said: Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, led us in prayer at ‘Baratha’ after returning from fighting the Kharijites, and we totalled around one hundred thousand men. Then a Christian descended from his hermitage and said: “Where is the leader of this army?” We said: “This is he.” (gesturing towards Imam Ali (a.s)) So he (the Christian) approached Imam Ali (a.s) and greeted him with peace, then said: “O my master, are you a prophet?” Imam (a.s) replied: “No, the Prophet (saws), my master, has died.” He (the Christian) said: “Then you are the successor of a prophet?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes.” Then Imam Ali (a.s) said: “Sit down. How did you ask about this?” He (the Christian) said: “This hermitage was built for the sake of this place, and it is Baratha. And I read in the ‘revealed books’ that none prays in this place with such a gathering except a prophet or the successor of a prophet. And I have come to embrace Islam.” So he accepted Islam and came out with us to Kufah. Then Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, said to him: “So who prayed here?” He (the ex-Christian) said: “Isa ibn Maryam (a.s) and his mother prayed here.” Then Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, said to him: “Shall I inform you who else prayed here?” He (the ex-Christian) said: “Yes.” Imam (a.s) said: “Ibrahim (a.s), peace be upon him.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ اَلْحَذَّاءِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ:« مَنْ بَنَى مَسْجِداً بَنَى اَللَّهُ لَهُ بَيْتاً فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ» قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ فَمَرَّ بِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ وَ قَدْ سَوَّيْتُ أَحْجَاراً لِمَسْجِدٍ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ نَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذَا مِنْ ذَاكَ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ»

Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Ibn Abi Umayr from Hisham ibn al-Hakam from Abu Ubaydah al-Hadhdha' who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, say: “Whoever builds a mosque, Allah (swt) will build for him a house in Paradise.” Abu Ubaydah said: “Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, passed by me on the road to Mecca, while I had arranged stones for a mosque, so I asked: ‘May I be your ransom, we hope that this is of that (included in the reward).’” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ اَلْجُهَنِيَّ أَتَى اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي أَكُونُ فِي اَلْبَادِيَةِ وَ مَعِي أَهْلِي وَ وُلْدِي وَ غِلْمَتِي فَأُؤَذِّنُ وَ أُقِيمُ وَ أُصَلِّي بِهِمْ أَفَجَمَاعَةٌ نَحْنُ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ إِنَّ اَلْغِلْمَةَ يَتْبَعُونَ قَطْرَ اَلسَّحَابِ فَأَبْقَى أَنَا وَ أَهْلِي وَ وُلْدِي فَأُؤَذِّنُ وَ أُقِيمُ وَ أُصَلِّي بِهِمْ أَفَجَمَاعَةٌ نَحْنُ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ فَإِنَّ وُلْدِي يَتَفَرَّقُونَ فِي اَلْمَاشِيَةِ فَأَبْقَى أَنَا وَ أَهْلِي فَأُؤَذِّنُ وَ أُقِيمُ وَ أُصَلِّي بِهِمْ أَفَجَمَاعَةٌ نَحْنُ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ إِنَّ اَلْمَرْأَةَ تَذْهَبُ فِي مَصْلَحَتِهَا فَأَبْقَى أَنَا وَحْدِي فَأُؤَذِّنُ وَ أُقِيمُ أَفَجَمَاعَةٌ أَنَا فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ اَلْمُؤْمِنُ وَحْدَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ»»

Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id from Hammad ibn Isa from Muhammad ibn Yusuf from his father who said: I heard Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, say: “Indeed, al-Juhani came to the Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, and said: ‘O’ Messenger of Allah (swt), I live in the desert and I am with my family, my children, and my servants. I call the adhan and the iqamah and I lead them in prayer. Are we considered a congregation (jama'ah)?’ Prophet (saws) said: “Yes.” He (al-Juhani) asked: “O Messenger of Allah (swt), sometimes the servants follow the tracks of the clouds, so I remain with my family and children, and I call the adhan and the iqamah and lead them in prayer, are we considered a congregation?” Prophet (saws) said: “Yes.” He (al-Juhani) asked: “O Messenger of Allah (swt), my children go about with the livestock, so I remain with my family, and I call the adhan and the iqamah and lead them in prayer, are we considered a congregation?” Prophet (saws) said: “Yes.” He (al-Juhani) asked: “O Messenger of Allah (swt), the woman goes out for her needs, so I remain alone, and I call the adhan and the iqamah, am I considered a congregation?” Prophet (saws) said: “Yes. The believer alone is a congregation.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« أَ مَا يَسْتَحِي اَلرَّجُلُ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُ اَلْجَارِيَةُ فَيَبِيعَهَا فَتَقُولَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَحْضُرُ اَلصَّلاَةَ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Ishaq ibn Ammar who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “Does a man among you not feel ashamed, that he has a female servant, then he sells her, and she says (about him), 'He did not used to attend the prayer'?”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ اَلْمُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ اَلْوَشَّاءِ عَنِ اَلْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« لِيَكُنِ اَلَّذِينَ يَلُونَ اَلْإِمَامَ أُولِي اَلْأَحْلاَمِ مِنْكُمْ وَ اَلنُّهَى فَإِنْ نَسِيَ اَلْإِمَامُ أَوْ تَعَايَا قَوَّمُوهُ وَ أَفْضَلُ اَلصُّفُوفِ أَوَّلُهَا وَ أَفْضَلُ أَوَّلِهَا مَا دَنَا مِنَ اَلْإِمَامِ وَ فَضْلُ صَلاَةِ اَلْجَمَاعَةِ عَلَى صَلاَةِ اَلرَّجُلِ فَرْداً خَمْسٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ دَرَجَةً فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ»

Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad from al-Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from al-Mufaddal ibn Salih from Jabir from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “Let those who are closest to the imam (of prayer) be those among you who possess understanding and intellect, for if the imam (of prayer) forgets or becomes confused, they can correct him. And the best of the rows is the first one, and the best part of the first row is that which is closest to the imam (of prayer). And the superiority of congregational prayer over the prayer of a man alone is twenty-five degrees in Paradise.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ اَلْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« يُحْسَبُ لَكَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ مَعَهُمْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَقْتَدِ بِهِمْ مِثْلُ مَا يُحْسَبُ لَكَ إِذَا كُنْتَ مَعَ مَنْ تَقْتَدِي بِهِ»

Muhammad ibn Isma'il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Ibn Abi Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bukhtari from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “It will be counted for you (rewards), if you enter with them (in prayer) even if you do not follow them in prayer, the same as it is counted for you (in rewards) when you are with one whom you do follow (in prayer).”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ ذُبْيَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ أُكَيْلٍ اَلنُّمَيْرِيِّ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« هَمَّ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِإِحْرَاقِ قَوْمٍ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ كَانُوا يُصَلُّونَ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَ لاَ يُصَلُّونَ اَلْجَمَاعَةَ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ أَعْمَى فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي ضَرِيرُ اَلْبَصَرِ وَ رُبَّمَا أَسْمَعُ اَلنِّدَاءَ وَ لاَ أَجِدُ مَنْ يَقُودُنِي إِلَى اَلْجَمَاعَةِ وَ اَلصَّلاَةِ مَعَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ« شُدَّ مِنْ مَنْزِلِكَ إِلَى اَلْمَسْجِدِ حَبْلاً وَ اُحْضُرِ اَلْجَمَاعَةَ»»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Dhubyan ibn Hakim from Musa ibn Ukayl al-Numayri from Ibn Abi Ya'fur from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, intended to burn the homes of a people who used to pray in their houses and did not attend the congregational prayer. Then a blind man came to Him (saws) and said: ‘O’ Messenger of Allah (swt), I am blind of sight, and sometimes I hear the call but do not find anyone to lead me to the congregation and prayer with you’. So the Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said to him: ‘Tie a rope from your house to the mosque and attend the congregation.’”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ خَلْفَ اَلْمُخَالِفِينَ فَقَالَ« فَمَا هُمْ عِنْدِي إِلاَّ بِمَنْزِلَةِ اَلْجُدُرِ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Abdillah ibn Muhammad al-Hajjal from Tha‘labah ibn Maymun who said: I asked Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, about prayer behind the opponents (al-mukhalifin). Imam (a.s) said: “They are, in my view, nothing but like walls.” (meaning it holds no spiritual or religious value or relevance)

سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ مَوَالِيَكَ قَدِ اِخْتَلَفُوا فَأُصَلِّي خَلْفَهُمْ جَمِيعاً فَقَالَ« لاَ تُصَلِّ إِلاَّ خَلْفَ مَنْ تَثِقُ بِدِينِهِ وَ أَمَانَتِهِ»

Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Abu Ali ibn Rashid who said: I said to Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him: “Your followers have differed, so I pray behind all of them.” Imam (a.s) said: “Do not pray except behind one whose religion and trustworthiness you are confident in.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ أُنَاساً رَوَوْا عَنْ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ لَمْ يَفْصِلْ بَيْنَهُنَّ بِتَسْلِيمٍ فَقَالَ« يَا زُرَارَةُ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَّى خَلْفَ فَاسِقٍ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ وَ اِنْصَرَفَ قَامَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَصَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لَمْ يَفْصِلْ بَيْنَهُنَّ بِتَسْلِيمٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ يَا أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ صَلَّيْتَ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لَمْ تَفْصِلْ بَيْنَهُنَّ بِتَسْلِيمٍ فَقَالَ« إِنَّهَا أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ مُشَبَّهَاتٍ» فَسَكَتَ فَوَ اَللَّهِ مَا عَقَلَ مَا قَالَ لَهُ»

Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah who said: I said to Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him: “Some people have narrated from the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, that Imam (a.s) prayed four rak‘ahs after Jumu‘ah without separating them with a taslim.” Imam (a.s) said: “O’ Zurarah, the Commander of the Faithful (a.s) prayed behind a transgressor (fasiq), So when the transgressor said the taslim and departed, the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, stood and prayed four rak‘ahs without separating them with a taslim. A man beside Imam Ali (a.s) said: ‘O Abu al-Hasan, you prayed four rak‘ahs without separating them with a taslim?’ Imam Ali (a.s) said: ‘They are four rak‘ahs that resemble one another’ So the man became silent, and by Allah (swt), the man did not understand what Imam Ali (a.s) meant to say to him.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعَبَّاسِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَؤُمُّ اَلْمَرْأَةَ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ تَقُومُ وَرَاءَهُ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Ibn Muskan from Abu al-Abbas who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about a man leading a woman in prayer in his house. Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, she stands behind him.”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أُصَلِّي اَلْمَكْتُوبَةَ بِأُمِّ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ« نَعَمْ تَكُونُ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ يَكُونُ سُجُودُهَا بِحِذَاءِ قَدَمَيْكَ»

From him, from al-Husayn from Aban from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “May I lead the obligatory prayer with Umm Ali?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, she should be on your right side, and her prostration should be aligned with your feet.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ قَالَ: بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِمَسْأَلَةٍ فِي مَسَائِلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ يَدْفَعُهَا إِلَى اِبْنِ سَدِيرٍ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهَا وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ جَالِسٌ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَؤُمُّ اَلنِّسَاءَ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ» فَقُلْتُ سَلْهُ عَنْهُنَّ إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهُنَّ غِلْمَانٌ لَمْ يُدْرِكُوا أَ يَقُومُونَ مَعَهُنَّ فِي اَلصَّفِّ أَمْ يَتَقَدَّمُونَهُنَّ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَلْ يَتَقَدَّمُونَهُنَّ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا عَبِيداً»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Ya'qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Abdillah ibn Muskan who said: I sent to Imam (a.s) a question from the questions of Ibrahim, which he was to deliver to Ibn Sadeer. So he asked Imam (a.s) about it while Ibrahim ibn Maymun was sitting regarding a man leading women in prayer. Imam (a.s) said: “Yes.” I said: “Ask Imam (a.s) about them when there are young boys with them, who have not yet reached puberty. Do they stand with them in the same row, or do they stand in front of them?” Imam (a.s) said: “No, rather they stand in front of them, even if they are slaves.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى اَلْعُبَيْدِيِّ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْمَاضِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ تَؤُمُّ اَلنِّسَاءَ مَا حَدُّ رَفْعِ صَوْتِهَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ أَوِ اَلتَّكْبِيرِ فَقَالَ« بِقَدْرِ مَا تُسْمِعُ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Isa al-Ubaydi from al-Husayn ibn Ali ibn Yaqtin from his father Ali ibn Yaqtin from Abu al-Hasan al-Madi, peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Kadhim (a.s) about a woman leading other women in prayer, what is the limit for raising her voice in recitation or in takbir? Imam (a.s) said: “As much as it allows them to hear.”

احمد بن محمد عن موسى بن القاسم عن علي بن جعفر عن اخيه عليه السلام قال سألته عن المرأة تؤم النساء ما حد رفع صوتها بالقراءة أو التكبير؟ قال قدر ما تسمع

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Musa ibn al-Qasim from Ali ibn Ja’far from his brother, peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Kadhim about a woman leading women in prayer, what is the limit for raising her voice in recitation or in takbir? Imam (a.s) said: “As much as it allows them to hear.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «صَلِّ بِأَهْلِكَ فِي رَمَضَانَ اَلْفَرِيضَةَ وَ اَلنَّافِلَةَ فَإِنِّي أَفْعَلُهُ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Pray with your family in (Month of) Ramadan the obligatory prayer, and the recommended (nafilah) prayer, for indeed I do so.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ اَلْوَلِيدِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي مَعَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْوَاحِدِ مَعَهُمَا اَلنِّسَاءُ قَالَ« يَقُومُ اَلرَّجُلُ إِلَى جَنْبِ اَلرَّجُلِ وَ يَتَخَلَّفْنَ اَلنِّسَاءُ خَلْفَهُمَا»

From him, from his father, from Abdillah ibn al-Mughirah from al-Qasim ibn al-Walid who said: I asked Imam (a.s) about a man praying with another man, while women are with them. Imam (a.s) said: “The man stands beside the man, and the women stand behind them both.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْعَبَّاسِ عَنِ اِبْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قَالَ:« اَلْمَرْأَةُ صَفٌّ وَ اَلْمَرْأَتَانِ صَفٌّ وَ اَلثَّلاَثُ صَفٌّ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from al-Abbas from Ibn al-Mughirah from Ghiyath from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, from his father (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “One woman is a row, and two women are a row, and three are a row.” (meaning the row of women cannot conjoin with the row of men)

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ اَلْجَهْمِ عَنِ اِبْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« تَؤُمُّ اَلْمَرْأَةُ اَلنِّسَاءَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ تَقُومُ وَسَطاً مِنْهُنَّ وَ يَقُمْنَ عَنْ يَمِينِهَا وَ شِمَالِهَا تَؤُمُّهُنَّ فِي اَلنَّافِلَةِ وَ لاَ تَؤُمُّهُنَّ فِي اَلْمَكْتُوبَةِ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Abd al-Hamid from al-Hasan ibn al-Jahm from Ibn Muskan from al-Halabi from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “A woman leads women in prayer and stands in the middle of them, and they stand on her right and her left. She leads them in the recommended (nafilah) prayer and does not lead them in the obligatory (maktoobah) prayer.”

محمد بن مسعود عن ابي العباس بن المغيرة قال حدثنا الفضل بن شاذان عن ابن ابي عمير عن حماد عن حريز عن زرارة عن ابي جعفر عليه السلام قال قلت المرأة تؤم النساء؟ قال لا إلا على الميت إذا لم يكن أحد أولى منها تقوم وسطا معهن في الصف فتكبر ويكبرن

Muhammad ibn Mas'ud from Abu al-Abbas ibn al-Mughirah who said: Al-Fadl ibn Shadhan narrated to us from Ibn Abi Umayr from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Baqir (a.s): “Does a woman lead women in prayer?” Imam (a.s) said: “No, except over the deceased (Salat Al Mayyit), if there is no one more entitled than her. She stands in the middle with them in the (same) row, says the takbir, and they say the takbir.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَؤُمُّ اَلنِّسَاءَ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُنَّ رَجُلٌ فِي اَلْفَرِيضَةِ قَالَ« نَعَمْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ صَبِيٌّ فَلْيَقُمْ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ»

Al-Husayn from Fadalah from Hammad ibn Uthman from Ibrahim ibn Maymun from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked regarding a man leading women in prayer, while there is no other man with them, in the obligatory prayer. Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, and if there is a boy with him, then let him stand beside him.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنِ اِبْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ تَؤُمُّ اَلنِّسَاءَ فَقَالَ« إِذَا كُنَّ جَمِيعاً أَمَّتْهُنَّ فِي اَلنَّافِلَةِ وَ أَمَّا اَلْمَكْتُوبَةُ فَلاَ وَ لاَ تَتَقَدَّمُهُنَّ وَ لَكِنْ تَقُومُ وَسَطاً مِنْهُنَّ»

Al-Husayn ibn Sa’id from Fadalah from Ibn Sinan from Sulayman ibn Khalid who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about a woman leading women in prayer. Imam (a.s) said: “If they are all women, she may lead them in the recommended (nafilah) prayer. As for the obligatory (maktoobah) prayer, no. And she should not stand in front of them, but rather she should stand in the middle of them (in the same row).”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْإِمَامِ يَضْمَنُ صَلاَةَ اَلْقَوْمِ قَالَ« لاَ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hadid from Jamil from Zurarah who said: I asked one of the two Imams (a.s), peace be upon them, about whether the imam (of prayer) bears responsibility for the prayer of the people. Imam (a.s) said: “No.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالاَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ:« مَنْ قَرَأَ خَلْفَ إِمَامٍ يَأْتَمُّ بِهِ فَمَاتَ بُعِثَ عَلَى غَيْرِ اَلْفِطْرَةِ»

From him, from Hammad ibn Isa from Hariz from Zurarah and Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “The Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, used to say: ‘Whoever recites (Qur’an) behind an imam (of prayer) whom he follows, and then dies, he will be raised not upon the natural disposition (fitrah, meaning natural belief in oneness of God).’” (meaning reciting Qur’an behind an imam (of prayer) during congregational prayer is incorrect as a muqtadi (follower))

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي اَلْأَعْمَى يَؤُمُّ اَلْقَوْمَ وَ هُوَ عَلَى غَيْرِ اَلْقِبْلَةِ قَالَ« يُعِيدُ وَ لاَ يُعِيدُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ تَحَرَّوْا»

Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Ibn Abi Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabi from Abu Abdillah (a.s): Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked regarding a blind man leading the people in prayer while not facing the qiblah. Imam (a.s) said: “He must repeat the prayer, but they do not, for they made an effort to determine the direction.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى بِقَوْمٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى وُضُوءٍ قَالَ« يُتِمُّ اَلْقَوْمُ صَلاَتَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ ضَمَانٌ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hadid from Jamil from Zurarah who said: I asked one of the two Imams (a.s), peace be upon them, about a man who led people in prayer for two rak‘ahs, then informed them that he was not in a state of wudu. Imam (a.s) said: “The people should complete their prayer, for the imam (of prayer) bears no responsibility.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ صَاعِدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ اَلشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« لاَ يَؤُمُّ اَلْأَعْمَى فِي اَلْبَرِيَّةِ وَ لاَ يَؤُمُّ اَلْمُقَيَّدُ اَلْمُطْلَقِينَ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ghiyath from Sa’id ibn Muslim from al-Sha‘bi who said: Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “A blind man does not lead in prayer in the open land, and a shackled person does not lead those who are free.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ إِنِّي أَدْخُلُ اَلْمَسْجِدَ وَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتُ فَأُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ فَلاَ أَحْتَسِبُ بِتِلْكَ اَلصَّلاَةِ قَالَ« لاَ بَأْسَ وَ أَمَّا أَنَا فَأُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ وَ أُرِيهِمْ أَنِّي أَسْجُدُ وَ مَا أَسْجُدُ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from al-Qasim ibn Urwah from Ubayd ibn Zurarah from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s): “I enter the mosque having already prayed, so I pray with them but I do not count that prayer (as my obligation).” Imam (a.s) said: “There is no problem. As for me, I pray with them and make it appear to them that I am prostrating, but I do not actually prostrate.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اِبْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ نَاصِحٍ اَلْمُؤَذِّنِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي أُصَلِّي فِي اَلْبَيْتِ وَ أَخْرُجُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ« اِجْعَلْهَا نَافِلَةً وَ لاَ تُكَبِّرْ مَعَهُمْ فَتَدْخُلَ مَعَهُمْ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ فَإِنَّ مِفْتَاحَ اَلصَّلاَةِ اَلتَّكْبِيرُ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from his father from Ibn al-Mughirah from Nasih the mu’adhdhin, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “I pray at home and then go out to them (the opponents).” Imam (a.s) said: “Consider it a supererogatory (nafilah) prayer, and do not pronounce the takbir with them (the opponents), for that would enter you into the prayer with them, for the key to the prayer is the takbir.”

سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْوَلِيدِ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أُصَلِّي ثُمَّ أَدْخُلُ اَلْمَسْجِدَ فَتُقَامُ اَلصَّلاَةُ وَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتُ فَقَالَ« صَلِّ مَعَهُمْ يَخْتَارُ اَللَّهُ أَحَبَّهُمَا إِلَيْهِ

Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Walid from Yaqub from Abu Basir who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “I perform the prayer and then enter the mosque and the congregational prayer is established while I have already prayed.” Imam (a.s) said: “Pray with them; Allah (swt) chooses the one He (azj) loves more from the two.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ تَحْضُرُ صَلاَةُ اَلظُّهْرِ فَلاَ نَقْدِرُ أَنْ نَنْظُرَ فِي اَلْوَقْتِ حَتَّى يَنْزِلُوا فَنَنْزِلَ مَعَهُمْ نُصَلِّي ثُمَّ يَقُومُونَ فَيُسْرِعُونَ فَنَقُومُ فَنُصَلِّي اَلْعَصْرَ وَ نُرِيهِمْ كَأَنَّا نَرْكَعُ ثُمَّ يَنْزِلُونَ لِلْعَصْرِ فَيُقَدِّمُونَّا فَنُصَلِّي بِهِمْ فَقَالَ« صَلِّ بِهِمْ لاَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ»

Al-Husayn ibn Saeed from Yaqub ibn Yaqtin who said: I said to Abu al-Hasan (a.s), peace be upon him: “May I be your ransom, the time for the noon prayer (Dhuhr) arrives, but we are not able to check the time until they (the public, meaning non-Shia) descend, so we descend with them and pray. Then they (the opponents) rise quickly and we rise and pray the afternoon prayer (Asr), but we make it appear to them as though we are bowing. Then later, they descend for the afternoon prayer (Asr) and they put us forward, so we lead them in prayer.” Imam (a.s) said: “Lead them in prayer, may Allah (swt) not accept their prayer.”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْأَرَّجَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« مَنْ صَلَّى فِي مَنْزِلِهِ ثُمَّ أَتَى مَسْجِداً مِنْ مَسَاجِدِهِمْ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ خَرَجَ بِحَسَنَاتِهِمْ»

From him, from al-Haytham ibn Waqid, from al-Hasan ibn Abdillah al-Arrajani, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Whoever prays in his house, then comes to one of their (opponent) mosques and prays in it, he departs with their good deeds.” (meaning to promote strategic use of taqiyyah to preserve life and faith)

سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ اَلْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَسْبِقُنِي اَلْإِمَامُ بِالرَّكْعَةِ فَتَكُونُ لِي وَاحِدَةٌ وَ لَهُ ثِنْتَانِ أَفَأَتَشَهَّدُ كُلَّمَا قَعَدْتُ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا اَلتَّشَهُّدُ بَرَكَةٌ»

Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr from al-Mithami from Ishaq ibn Yazid who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “May I be your ransom, the imam (of prayer) precedes me by one rak‘ah, so I have one and he has two. Should I recite the tashahhud every time I sit?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, indeed the tashahhud is a blessing.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« إِذَا سَبَقَكَ اَلْإِمَامُ بِرَكْعَةٍ فَأَدْرَكْتَ اَلْقِرَاءَةَ اَلْأَ خِيرَةَ قَرَأْتَ فِي اَلثَّالِثَةِ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ وَ هِيَ ثِنْتَانِ لَكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تُدْرِكْ مَعَهُ إِلاَّ رَكْعَةً وَاحِدَةً قَرَأْتَ فِيهَا وَ فِي اَلَّتِي تَلِيهَا وَ إِذَا سَبَقَكَ بِرَكْعَةٍ جَلَسْتَ فِي اَلثَّانِيَةِ لَكَ وَ اَلثَّالِثَةِ لَهُ حَتَّى تَعْتَدِلَ اَلصُّفُوفُ قِيَاماً» قَالَ وَ قَالَ« إِذَا وَجَدْتَ اَلْإِمَامَ سَاجِداً فَاثْبُتْ مَكَانَكَ حَتَّى يَرْفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَاعِداً قَعَدْتَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَائِماً قُمْتَ»

Muhammad ibn Yahya from Abdillah ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban ibn Uthman from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “If the imam (of prayer) precedes you by one rak‘ah and you catch the final recitation, then you recite in the third rak‘ah of his prayer, and it is the second for you. But if you only catch one rak‘ah with him, then you recite in that one and in the one that follows it. And if he precedes you by one rak‘ah, you sit in what is the second for you and the third for him, until the rows become upright standing.” He (narrator) said “And Imam (a.s) said: ‘If you find the imam (of prayer) in prostration, then remain in your place until he raises his head, and if he is sitting, then sit; and if he is standing, then stand.’”

احمد بن محمد عن علي بن النعمان عن ابن مسكان عن سليمان بن خالد قال قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام في الرجل يدرك الامام وهو راكع فكبر وهو مقيم صلبه ثم ركع قبل ان يرفع الامام رأسه فقد أدرك

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Nu‘man from Ibn Muskan from Sulayman ibn Khalid who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “Regarding a man who catches the imam (of prayer) while he is in rukuh, and if he says the takbir (‘Allahu Akbar’) while his back is still upright, then bows before the imam (of prayer) raises his head, (then) he has caught the rak‘ah”.

عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلنُّعْمَانِ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ أَجِيءُ إِلَى اَلْإِمَامِ وَ قَدْ سَبَقَنِي بِرَكْعَةٍ فِي اَلْفَجْرِ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ وَقَعَ فِي قَلْبِي أَنِّي أَتْمَمْتُ فَلَمْ أَزَلْ ذَاكِراً لِلَّهِ عَزَّوَجَلَّ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ فَلَمَّا طَلَعَتْ نَهَضْتُ فَذَكَرْتُ أَنَّ اَلْإِمَامَ كَانَ قَدْ سَبَقَنِي بِرَكْعَةٍ فَقَالَ« إِنْ كُنْتَ فِي مَقَامِكَ فَأَتِمَّ بِرَكْعَةٍ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدِ اِنْصَرَفْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ اَلْإِعَادَةُ»

From him, from Ali ibn al-Nu‘man from al-Husayn ibn Abi al-A‘la from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s): “I come to the imam (of prayer) and he has preceded me by one rak‘ah in the dawn prayer. When he gave the taslim, it occurred to my heart that I had completed the prayer, so I remained remembering Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, until the sun rose. When it rose, I stood up and remembered that the imam (of prayer) had preceded me by one rak‘ah.” Imam (a.s) said: “If you are still in your place, then complete the prayer with one rak‘ah; but if you have already left (the place of prayer), then you must repeat the prayer.”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى مَعَ قَوْمٍ وَ هُوَ يَرَى أَنَّهَا اَلْأُولَى وَ كَانَتِ اَلْعَصْرَ قَالَ« فَلْيَجْعَلْهَا اَلْأُولَى وَ لْيُصَلِّ اَلْعَصْرَ»

From him, from al-Husayn ibn Saeed from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from al-Husayn ibn Uthman from Sama’ah from Abu Basir who said: I asked Imam (a.s) about a man who prayed with a group while thinking it was the noon (Dhuhr) prayer, but it was actually the afternoon (Asr) prayer. Imam (a.s) said: “Then let him count it as the noon (Dhuhr) prayer and let him perform the afternoon (Asr) prayer anew.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ إِمَامٍ أَمَّ قَوْماً فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى وُضُوءٍ فَانْصَرَفَ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ رَجُلٍ فَأَدْخَلَهُ فَقَدَّمَهُ وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمِ اَلَّذِي قُدِّمَ مَا صَلَّى اَلْقَوْمُ قَالَ« يُصَلِّي بِهِمْ فَإِنْ أَخْطَأَ سَبَّحَ اَلْقَوْمُ بِهِ وَ بَنَى عَلَى صَلاَةِ اَلَّذِي كَانَ قَبْلَهُ»

From him, from Ali ibn Hadid from Jamil from Zurarah who said: I asked one of the two Imams (a.s), peace be upon them, about an imam (of prayer) who led a group in prayer, then remembered that he was not in a state of wudu. So he withdrew and took the hand of a man, brought him forward, and put him in front. But the one who was brought forward did not know what the group had already prayed. Imam (a.s) said: “He should lead them in prayer, and if he makes a mistake, the group should say ‘SubhanAllah’ to alert him, and he continues based on the prayer of the one who was before him.”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَوْماً دَخَلَ اَلْمَسْجِدَ اَلْحَرَامَ فِي صَلاَةِ اَلْعَصْرِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ دُونَ اَلصُّفُوفِ رَكَعُوا فَرَكَعَ وَحْدَهُ وَ سَجَدَ اَلسَّجْدَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَامَ وَ مَضَى حَتَّى لَحِقَ اَلصُّفُوفَ

From him, from al-Husayn ibn Saeed from Hammad ibn Isa from Muawiyah ibn Wahb who said: I saw Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, one day enter the ‘Sacred Mosque’ at the time of the afternoon (Asr) prayer. When Imam (a.s) was still short of reaching the rows, they bowed, so Imam (a.s) bowed alone and performed the two prostrations, then stood up and continued until Imam (a.s) reached the rows.

عَنْهُ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَعِيدٍ اَلْأَعْرَجِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَأْتِي اَلصَّلاَةَ فَلاَ يَجِدُ فِي اَلصَّفِّ مَقَاماً أَ يَقُومُ وَحْدَهُ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ قَالَ« نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ يَقُومُ بِحِذَاءِ اَلْإِمَامِ»

From him, from Uthman ibn Isa from Saeed al-A‘raj who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), about a man who comes to the prayer and does not find a place in the row. Should he stand alone until he finishes his prayer? Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, there is no problem, he may stand beside the imam (of prayer).”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَتَأَخَّرُ وَ هُوَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ قَالَ« لاَ» قُلْتُ فَيَتَقَدَّمُ قَالَ« نَعَمْ مَاشِياً إِلَى اَلْقِبْلَةِ»

Muhammad ibn Ismail from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Hammad ibn Isa from Rubi‘i from Muhammad ibn Muslim who said: I said to Imam (a.s): “(May) a man moves backward while in prayer?” Imam (a.s) said: “No.” (meaning it is not allowed) I asked: “Then may he move forward?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, walking toward the qiblah.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ اَلسَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُدْرِكُ اَلْإِمَامَ وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ يَتَشَهَّدُ وَ لَيْسَ خَلْفَهُ إِلاَّ رَجُلٌ وَاحِدٌ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ قَالَ« لاَ يَتَقَدَّمُ اَلْإِمَامَ وَ لاَ يَتَأَخَّرُ اَلرَّجُلَ وَ لَكِنْ يَقْعُدُ اَلَّذِي يَدْخُلُ مَعَهُ خَلْفَ اَلْإِمَامِ فَإِذَا سَلَّمَ اَلْإِمَامُ قَامَ اَلرَّجُلُ فَأَتَمَّ صَلاَتَهُ»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan from Amr ibn Saeed from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from Ammar al-Sabati from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about a man who catches imam (of prayer) while he is sitting and reciting tashahhud, and there is no one behind him except a man on his right. Imam (a.s) said: “The imam (of prayer) should not move forward, and the man should not move backward, but the one who enters to pray with him should sit behind the imam (of prayer). When the imam (of prayer) gives the salam, the man should stand and complete his prayer.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مَرْوَكِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ نَشِيطِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْأَوَّلِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ مِنَّا يُصَلِّي صَلاَتَهُ فِي جَوْفِ بَيْتِهِ مُغْلِقاً عَلَيْهِ بَابَهُ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ فَيُصَلِّي مَعَ جِيرَتِهِ تَكُونُ صَلاَتُهُ تِلْكَ وَحْدَهُ فِي بَيْتِهِ جَمَاعَةً فَقَالَ« اَلَّذِي يُصَلِّي فِي بَيْتِهِ يُضَاعِفُهُ اَللَّهُ لَهُ ضِعْفَيْ أَجْرِ اَلْجَمَاعَةِ يَكُونُ لَهُ خَمْسِينَ دَرَجَةً وَ اَلَّذِي يُصَلِّي مَعَ جِيرَتِهِ يَكْتُبُ اَللَّهُ لَهُ أَجْرَ مَنْ صَلَّى خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ يَدْخُلُ مَعَهُمْ فِي صَلاَتِهِمْ فَيُخَلِّفُ عَلَيْهِمْ ذُنُوبَهُ وَ يَخْرُجُ بِحَسَنَاتِهِمْ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Yaqub ibn Yazid from Marwak ibn Ubayd from Nashit ibn Salih from Abu al-Hasan al-Awwal (a.s) (the First), peace be upon him, who said: I said to Imam al-Kadhim (a.s): “A man among us performs his prayer inside his house with the door closed, then he goes out and prays with his neighbors. Is his prayer alone in his house considered a congregational prayer?” Imam (a.s) said: “The one who prays in his house, Allah (swt) multiplies it for him to twice the reward of congregation; he will have fifty degrees (of reward). And the one who prays with his neighbors, Allah (swt) writes for him the reward of one who prayed behind the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family. And if he joins them in their prayer, so he leaves his sins behind with them (the opponents), and departs with their good deeds.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ اَلسَّابَاطِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي بِقَوْمٍ فَيَدْخُلُ قَوْمٌ فِي صَلاَتِهِ بَعْدَ مَا قَدْ صَلَّى رَكْعَةً أَوْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ وَ سَلَّمَ أَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ وَ هُوَ إِمَامٌ أَنْ يَقُومَ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْرُغَ مَنْ دَخَلَ فِي صَلاَتِهِ قَالَ« نَعَمْ»

From him, from Ali ibn Khalid from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Faddal from Amr ibn Saeed from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from Ammar al-Sabati who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about a man who leads a group in prayer, and another group joins his prayer after he has already performed one rak‘ah or more than that. When he finishes his prayer, and gives the salam, is it permissible for him as the imam (of prayer) to leave his place (of prayer) before those who joined the prayer (later) have finished? Imam (a.s) said: “Yes.”

قال محمد بن الحسن هذا الخبر محمول على الرخصة والافضل ما قدمناه من انه ينبغي أن يصبر حتى يتم من خلفه ما قد فاته ويزيد ذلك بيانا ما رواه

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan said: “This report is to be understood as a concession (rukhsah), and the preferable (afdhal) course is what we have previously stated that he should wait until those behind him complete what they have missed.” This is further clarified by what has been narrated:

احمد بن محمد عن علي بن الحكم عن اسماعيل بن عبد الخالق قال سمعته يقول لا ينبغي للامام أن يقوم إذا صلى حتى يقضي كل من خلفه ما قد فاته من الصلاة

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ismail ibn Abd al-Khaliq who said: I heard Imam (a.s) say: “It is not proper for the imam (of prayer) to stand up after he has prayed, until everyone behind him has completed what they missed of the prayer.”

أَحْمَدُ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ اَلنَّضْرِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ دَخَلَ اَلْمَسْجِدَ فَافْتَتَحَ اَلصَّلاَةَ قَالَ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي إِذْ أَذَّنَ اَلْمُؤَذِّنُ فَأَقَامَ اَلصَّلاَةَ قَالَ« فَلْيُصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ يَسْتَأْنِفُ اَلصَّلاَةَ مَعَ اَلْإِمَامِ وَ لْتَكُنِ اَلرَّكْعَتَانِ تَطَوُّعاً»

Ahmad from al-Husayn from al-Nadr from Hisham ibn Salim from Sulayman ibn Khalid from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about a man who enters the mosque and begins the prayer. While he is standing and praying, the muezzin gives the call to prayer and establishes the congregational prayer. Imam (a.s) said: “Then let him complete two rak‘ahs and begin the prayer anew with the imam (of prayer), and let the two rak‘ahs be counted as voluntary (nafl) prayer.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَدْرَكَ اَلْإِمَامَ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ بَعْدَ اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ قَالَ« يَفْتَتِحُ اَلصَّلاَةَ وَ لاَ يَقْعُدُ مَعَ اَلْإِمَامِ حَتَّى يَقُومَ»

Ahmad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ali from Amr ibn Saeed from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from Ammar who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about a man who catches the imam (of prayer) while he is sitting after the two rak‘ahs. Imam (a.s) said: “He should begin the prayer anew and should not sit with the imam (of prayer) until the imam (of prayer) stands.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي رَجُلٍ سَبَقَهُ اَلْإِمَامُ بِرَكْعَةٍ وَ أَوْهَمَ اَلْإِمَامُ فَصَلَّى خَمْساً قَالَ« يُعِيدُ تِلْكَ اَلرَّكْعَةَ وَ لاَ يَعْتَدُّ بِوَهَمِ اَلْإِمَامِ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Jamil from Sama’ah from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked regarding a man whom the imam (of prayer) precedes by one rak‘ah, and the imam (of prayer) makes a mistake and prays five rak‘ahs. Imam (a.s) said: “He should repeat that rak‘ah and should not consider the mistake of the imam (of prayer).”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلسِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« يَنْبَغِي لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ تَكُونَ صَلاَتُهُ عَلَى أَضْعَفِ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn al-Sindi from Safwan from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “It is proper for the imam (of prayer) that his prayer be according to the weakest among those behind him.” (meaning that the prayer leader keep the prayer of suitable length according to those following him)

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ اِبْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَ قَالَ:« صَلَّى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلظُّهْرَ وَ اَلْعَصْرَ فَخَفَّفَ اَلصَّلاَةَ فِي اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا اِنْصَرَفَ قَالَ لَهُ اَلنَّاسُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ أَ حَدَثَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ شَيْءٌ قَالَ« وَ مَا ذَاكَ» قَالُوا خَفَّفْتَ فِي اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ اَلْأَخِيرَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ« أَ مَا سَمِعْتُمْ صُرَاخَ اَلصَّبِيِّ»»

From him, from al-Abbas from Abdillah ibn al-Mughirah from Ibn Sinan from Abu Abdillah (a.s), who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), performed the noon (Dhuhr) and afternoon (Asr) prayers and shortened the prayer in the last two rak‘ahs. When Prophet (saws) finished, the people said to Him (saws): ‘O Messenger of Allah (swt), has something occurred in the prayer?’ Prophet (saws) said: “And what is that?” They said: “You shortened the last two rak‘ahs.” So Prophet (saws) said to them: “Did you not hear the cry of the child?’”

عنه عن علي بن السندي عن حماد بن عيسى عن معاوية ابن وهب قال سألت ابا عبد الله ع عن الرجل يدرك آخر صلاة الامام وهي أول صلاة الرجل فلا يمهله حتى يقرأ فيقضي القراءة في آخر صلاته؟ قال نعم

From him, from Ali ibn al-Sindi from Hammad ibn Isa from Muawiyah ibn Wahb who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), about a man who catches the end of the prayer of the imam (of prayer), while it is the beginning of the man's own prayer. And the imam (of prayer) does not give him time to recite, Should he make up the recitation at the end of his prayer? Imam (a.s) said: “Yes”.

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى اَلْخَثْعَمِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحِيمِ اَلْقَصِيرِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ:« إِذَا كَانَ اَلرَّجُلُ لاَ تَعْرِفُهُ يَؤُمُّ اَلنَّاسَ فَقَرَأَ اَلْقُرْآنَ فَلاَ تَقْرَأْ وَ اِعْتَدَّ بِصَلاَتِهِ»

Al-Husayn ibn Saeed from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Khath'ami from Abd al-Rahim al-Qasir who said: I heard Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, say: “If a man, whose background you do not know, leads the people in prayer and he recites the Quran, then do not recite (for yourselves), and count the prayer as valid.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ اَلْعَمْرَكِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْقِيَامِ خَلْفَ اَلْإِمَامِ فِي اَلصَّفِّ مَا حَدُّهُ قَالَ« إِقَامَةُ مَا اِسْتَطَعْتَ فَإِذَا قَعَدْتَ فَضَاقَ اَلْمَكَانُ فَتَقَدَّمُ أَوْ تَأَخَّرُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ»

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from al-Amraki from Ali ibn Ja’far who said: (Ali ibn Ja’far said) “I asked Imam Musa ibn Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon them both, about standing behind the imam (of prayer) in the row, what is its limit?” Imam (a.s) said: “Stand as much as you are able, and if you sit and the space becomes tight, then move forward or backward, there is no problem.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ عَنْ سَالِمٍ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« إِذَا كُنْتَ إِمَامَ قَوْمٍ فَعَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَقْرَأَ فِي اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ اَلْأَوَّلَتَيْنِ وَ عَلَى اَلَّذِينَ خَلْفَكَ أَنْ يَقُولُوا سُبْحَانَ اَللَّهِ وَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ هُمْ قِيَامٌ فَإِذَا كَانَ فِي اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ اَلْأَخِيرَتَيْنِ فَعَلَى اَلَّذِينَ خَلْفَكَ أَنْ يَقْرَءُوا فَاتِحَةَ اَلْكِتَابِ وَ عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ اَلتَّسْبِيحُ مِثْلَ مَا يُسَبِّحُ اَلْقَوْمُ فِي اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ اَلْأَخِيرَتَيْنِ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Isa from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Hashim from Salim Abu Khadijah from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “If you are the imam (of prayer) of a group, then it is upon you to recite in the first two rak‘ahs, and upon those behind you to say: ‘SubhanAllah, wal-hamdu lillah, wa la ilaha illa Allah, wa Allahu Akbar’ while they are standing. Then, in the last two rak‘ahs, it is upon those behind you to recite the ‘Fatihat al-Kitab’ (Surah al-Fatihah), and upon the imam (of prayer) is the ‘tasbih’ in the same way that the people say in the last two rak‘ahs.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَنْ لاَ أَقْتَدِي بِهِ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ قَالَ« اُفْرُغْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْرُغَ فَإِنَّكَ فِي حِصَارٍ فَإِنْ فَرَغَ قَبْلَكَ فَاقْطَعِ اَلْقِرَاءَةَ وَ اِرْكَعْ مَعَهُ»

From him, from Yaqub ibn Yazid from Ibn Abi Umayr from Ibn Muskan from Abu Basir who said: I said to Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him: “(When praying) behind someone I do not follow in prayer, what should I do?” Imam (a.s) said: “Finish (your recitation) before he finishes, for you are in confinement (hisar). If he finishes before you, then cut off your recitation and bow with him.”

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ بِقَوْمٍ فَاقْعُدْ بَعْدَ مَا تُسَلِّمُ هُنَيْئَةً»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sayf ibn Umayrah from Abu Bakr who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “When you lead a group in prayer, then sit for a short while after you give the taslim.”

وَ بِهَذَا اَلْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي أُصَلِّي بِقَوْمٍ فَقَالَ« تُسَلِّمُ وَاحِدَةً وَ لاَ تَلْتَفِتْ قُلِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا اَلنَّبِيُّ وَ رَحْمَةُ اَللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ لاَ تَقْرَأْ فِي اَلْفَجْرِ شَيْئاً مِنْ آلِ حم»

And with this chain of transmission, from Abu Bakr who said: I said to Imam al-Sadiq (a.s): “I lead a group in prayer.” Imam (a.s) said, “You give one taslim and do not turn your head. Say: ‘Peace be upon you, O’ Prophet, and the mercy of Allah (swt) and His blessings. Peace be upon you all.’ And do not recite anything from ‘Alif Lam Mim Ha Mim’ in the dawn (Fajr) prayer.” (meaning Huroof al-Muqatta'at that appear at the beginning of 29 Surahs of the Quran)

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ اَلْجَهْمِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي بِالْقَوْمِ فِي مَكَانٍ ضَيِّقٍ وَ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَهُ سِتْرٌ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِهِمْ قَالَ« نَعَمْ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Faddal from al-Hasan ibn al-Jahm who said: I asked Imam al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, about a man who leads a group in prayer in a narrow place and there is a curtain between him and them. Does it suffice for him to lead them in prayer? Imam (a.s) said: “Yes.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ سُلَيْمٍ اَلْفَرَّاءِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ مُؤَذِّنَ مَسْجِدٍ فِي اَلْمِصْرِ وَ إِمَامَهُ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ اَلْجُمُعَةِ صَلَّى اَلْعَصْرَ فِي وَقْتِهَا كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ بِمَسْجِدِهِ قَالَ« صَلِّ اَلْعَصْرَ فِي وَقْتِهَا فَإِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ اَلْوَقْتُ اَلَّذِي يُؤَذِّنُ فِيهِ أَهْلُ اَلْمِصْرِ فَأَذِّنْ وَصَلِّ بِهِمْ فِي اَلْوَقْتِ اَلَّذِي يُصَلِّي بِهِمْ فِيهِ أَهْلُ مِصْرِكَ»

From him, from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sulaym al-Farra’ from Dawud who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about a man who is the muezzin of a mosque in a city and also its imam (of prayer). So when Friday comes, he performs the afternoon (Asr) prayer at its proper time, What should he do about his mosque? Imam (a.s) said: “Pray the afternoon (Asr) prayer at its proper time. Then, when that time comes, in which the people of the city give the call to prayer, you too give the adhan and lead them in prayer at the time in which the people of your city pray.”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلصَّلْتِ وَ اَلْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ كُلِّهِمْ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْأَزْدِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« إِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ خَلْفَ اَلْإِمَامِ فِي صَلاَةٍ لاَ يُجْهَرُ فِيهَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَيَقُومُ كَأَنَّهُ حِمَارٌ» قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَيَصْنَعُ مَاذَا قَالَ« يُسَبِّحُ»

From him, from al-Barqi from Abu Talib Abdillah ibn al-Salt and al-Abbas ibn Ma'ruf all from Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Azdi who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “Indeed, I dislike for the believer to pray behind the imam (of prayer) in a prayer in which the recitation is not recited aloud, and he stands (mute) as if he were a donkey.” He (al-Azdi) said: “I asked, ‘May I be your ransom, then what should he do?’” Imam (a.s) said: “He should glorify (say tasbih).” (meaning ‘SubhanAllah, wal-hamdu lillah, wa la ilaha illa Allah, wa Allahu Akbar’)

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ شَيْبَةَ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ خَلْفَ مَنْ يَتَوَلَّى أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ هُوَ يَرَى اَلْمَسْحَ عَلَى اَلْخُفَّيْنِ أَوْ خَلْفَ مَنْ يُحَرِّمُ اَلْمَسْحَ وَ هُوَ يَمْسَحُ فَكَتَبَ« إِنْ جَامَعَكَ وَإِيَّاهُمْ مَوْضِعٌ فَلَمْ تَجِدْ بُدّاً مِنَ اَلصَّلاَةِ فَأَذِّنْ لِنَفْسِكَ وَأَقِمْ فَإِنْ سَبَقَكَ إِلَى اَلْقِرَاءَةِ فَسَبِّحْ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr from Ibrahim ibn Shaybah who said: I wrote to Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, asking Imam (a.s) about praying behind someone who shows allegiance to the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, yet believes in wiping over the leather socks, or behind someone who forbids wiping, yet he himself wipes. Imam (a.s) wrote: “If you and they are gathered in one place and you have no choice but to pray, then give the adhan for yourself and the iqamah. If he begins the recitation before you, then do tasbih (glorify Allah (swt)).”

مُحَمَّدٌ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُقَارِفُ اَلذَّنْبَ نُصَلِّي خَلْفَهُ أَمْ لاَ قَالَ «لاَ تُصَلِّ»

Muhammad from Sa’ad ibn Isma'il from his father from al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam al-Ridha (a.s) was asked regarding a man who commits sin, should we pray behind him or not? Imam (a.s) said: “Do not pray (behind him).”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ اَلْمُثَنَّى اَلْخَطِيبِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ« يَا إِسْحَاقُ أَ تُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ» قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ« صَلِّ مَعَهُمْ فَإِنَّ اَلْمُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ فِي اَلصَّفِّ اَلْأَوَّلِ كَالشَّاهِرِ سَيْفَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اَللَّهِ»

From him, from al-Barqi from Ja’far ibn al-Muthanna al-Khatib from Ishaq ibn Ammar who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said to me: “O Ishaq, do you pray with them (the opponents) in the mosque?” I said: “Yes.” Imam (a.s) said: “Pray with them, for the one who prays with them in the first row is like one who draws his sword in the way of Allah (swt).” (meaning to have Shia presence in communal religious spaces is a form of jihad)

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَرْكَعُ مَعَ اَلْإِمَامِ يَقْتَدِي بِهِ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ قَبْلَ اَلْإِمَامِ قَالَ« يُعِيدُ رُكُوعَهُ مَعَهُ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Yaqtin from his brother al-Husayn from Ali ibn Yaqtin who said: I asked Abu al-Hasan (a.s), peace be upon him, about a man who bows with the imam (of prayer), following him, then raises his head before the imam (of prayer). Imam (a.s) said: “He must repeat his bowing with him.”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْبَرْقِيِّ عَنِ اِبْنِ فَضَّالٍ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَ خَلْفَ إِمَامٍ يَأْتَمُّ بِهِ فَرَكَعَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْكَعَ اَلْإِمَامُ وَ هُوَ يَظُنُّ أَنَّ اَلْإِمَامَ قَدْ رَكَعَ فَلَمَّا رَكَعَ رَآهُ لَمْ يَرْكَعْ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ ثُمَّ أَعَادَ اَلرُّكُوعَ مَعَ اَلْإِمَامِ أَ يُفْسِدُ عَلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ صَلاَتَهُ أَمْ تَجُوزُ تِلْكَ اَلرَّكْعَةُ فَكَتَبَ« يُتِمُّ صَلاَتَهُ وَ لاَ يُفْسِدُ مَا صَنَعَ صَلاَتَهُ»

From him, from al-Barqi from Ibn Faddal who said: I wrote to Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, regarding a man who was behind an imam (of prayer), following him, and he bowed before the imam (of prayer) thinking that the imam (of prayer) had bowed. When he bowed, he saw that the imam (of prayer) had not bowed, so he raised his head, then repeated the bowing with the imam (of prayer). Does this invalidate his prayer, or is that rak‘ah valid? Imam (a.s) wrote: “He completes his prayer, and what he did does not invalidate his prayer.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ عَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« اَلْإِمَامُ يَتَحَمَّلُ أَوْهَامَ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ إِلاَّ تَكْبِيرَةَ اَلاِفْتِتَاحِ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Sahl from Imam al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Ridha (a.s) said: “The imam (of prayer) bears the mistakes (or forgetfulness) of those behind him, except for the opening takbir (takbirat al-ihram).”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَ يَضْمَنُ اَلْإِمَامُ صَلاَةَ اَلْفَرِيضَةِ فَإِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ يَضْمَنُ فَقَالَ« لاَ يَضْمَنُ أَيَّ شَيْءٍ يَضْمَنُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِهِمْ جُنُباً أَوْ عَلَى غَيْرِ طُهْرٍ»

Al-Husayn ibn Saeed from Hammad ibn Isa from Muawiyah ibn Wahb who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “Does the imam (of prayer) bear responsibility for the obligatory prayer? For these people claim that he does.” Imam (a.s) said: “He does not bear responsibility, what is it that he would bear responsibility for? Except if he were to lead them in prayer while in a state of janabah or without purity?”

سَعْدٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تُصَلِّيَ خَلْفَ اَلنَّاصِبِ وَ لاَ تَقْرَأَ خَلْفَهُ فِيمَا يَجْهَرُ فِيهِ فَإِنَّ قِرَاءَتَهُ تُجْزِيكَ إِذَا سَمِعْتَهَا»

Sa’ad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Saeed from al-Qasim ibn Urwah from Abdillah ibn Bukayr from Zurarah from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “There is no harm in praying behind a ‘nasib’ (known enemy of the Ahlulbayt (a.s)), and do not recite behind him in that which is recited aloud, for his recitation suffices you, if you hear it.”

قال محمد بن الحسن هذا الخبر محمول على حال التقية ويحتمل ان يكون أراد لا تقرأ قراءة تجهر فيها كما يجهر الامام وإنما يجوز له أن يقرأ فيما بينه وبين نفسه

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan said: “This report is to be understood in the context of taqiyyah (dissimulation), and it is possible that what Imam (a.s) meant was: ‘do not recite in a manner that is aloud, as the imam (of prayer) recites aloud, but rather it is permissible for him to recite silently to himself’.”

سعد عن احمد عن موسى بن القاسم وابي قتادة عن علي ابن جعفر عن اخيه عليه السلام قال سألته عن المرأة تؤم النساء ما حد رفع صوتها بالقراءة والتكبير؟ فقال قدر ما تسمع

Sa’ad from Ahmad from Musa ibn al-Qasim and Abu Qatadah from Ali ibn Ja’far from his brother (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Kadhim (a.s) about a woman who leads other women in prayer, what is the limit of how loud her voice should be in recitation and takbir? Imam (a.s) said: “As much as she can hear herself.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ اَلسَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَنْسَى وَ هُوَ خَلْفَ اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يُسَبِّحَ فِي اَلسُّجُودِ أَوْ فِي اَلرُّكُوعِ أَوْ يَنْسَى أَنْ يَقُولَ بَيْنَ اَلسَّجْدَتَيْنِ شَيْئاً فَقَالَ« لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from Amr ibn Sa'id, from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah, from Ammar al-Sabati, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about a man who forgets while he is behind the imam (of prayer), to say the tasbih in prostration or in bowing, or he forgets to say anything between the two prostrations. Imam (a.s) said: “There is nothing upon him.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ اَلسَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ سَهَا خَلْفَ إِمَامٍ بَعْدَ مَا اِفْتَتَحَ اَلصَّلاَةَ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئاً وَ لَمْ يُكَبِّرْ وَ لَمْ يُسَبِّحْ وَ لَمْ يَتَشَهَّدْ حَتَّى يُسَلِّمَ فَقَالَ« جَازَتْ صَلاَتُهُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا سَهَا خَلْفَ اَلْإِمَامِ سَجْدَتَا اَلسَّهْوِ لِأَنَّ اَلْإِمَامَ ضَامِنٌ لِصَلاَةِ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from Amr ibn Sa'id, from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah, from Ammar al-Sabati, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about a man who was inattentive behind an imam (of prayer) after he had initiated the prayer, and he did not say anything, nor did he say the takbir, nor the tasbih, nor the tashahhud, until the imam (of prayer) concluded with the salam. Imam (a.s) said: “His prayer is valid, and if he was inattentive behind the imam (of prayer), there is no obligation upon him to perform the two prostrations of forgetfulness (sajdata al-sahw), because the imam (of prayer) is responsible for the prayer of those behind him.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ وَ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي خَلْفَ اَلْإِمَامِ لاَ يَدْرِي كَمْ صَلَّى أَ عَلَيْهِ سَهْوٌ قَالَ« لاَ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Musa ibn al-Qasim and Abu Qatadah, from Ali ibn Ja’far, from his brother Imam Musa ibn Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon them both, who said: I asked Imam al-Khadim (a.s) about a man who is praying behind the imam (of prayer) and does not know how many units he has prayed, does forgetfulness apply to him? Imam (a.s) said: “No.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ يَضْمَنُ اَلْإِمَامُ اَلصَّلاَةَ قَالَ« لاَ لَيْسَ بِضَامِنٍ»

From him, from Yaqub ibn Yazid, from Muhammad ibn Sinan, from Abdullah ibn Muskan, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I said to Imam al-Sadiq (a.s): “Does the imam (of prayer) guarantee the prayer?” Imam (a.s) said: “No, he is not a guarantor.”

قال محمد بن الحسن لا ينافي هذا الخبر ما قدمناه من أن الامام ضامن لان الذي يضمن الامام القراءة فقط فأما سائر ذلك فليس عليه ضمان يدل على ذلك ما رواه

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan said: “This report does not contradict what we have presented earlier regarding the imam (of prayer) being a guarantor, because what the imam (of prayer) guarantees is only the recitation (al-qira'ah); as for the rest of the prayer, there is no guarantee upon him.” This is indicated by what has been narrated:

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنِ اَلْقِرَاءَةِ خَلْفَ اَلْإِمَامِ فَقَالَ« لاَ إِنَّ اَلْإِمَامَ ضَامِنٌ لِلْقِرَاءَةِ وَ لَيْسَ يَضْمَنُ اَلْإِمَامُ صَلاَةَ اَلَّذِينَ خَلْفَهُ وَ إِنَّمَا يَضْمَنُ اَلْقِرَاءَةَ»

Al-Husayn ibn Bashir from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: A man asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about recitation behind the imam (of prayer). Imam (a.s) said: “No. Indeed, the imam (of prayer) is a guarantor for the recitation, and the imam (of prayer) does not guarantee the prayer of those behind him; he only guarantees the recitation.”

سَعْدٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ صَلاَةً وَ أَنْتَ فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ وَ أُقِيمَتِ اَلصَّلاَةُ فَإِنْ شِئْتَ فَاخْرُجْ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَصَلِّ مَعَهُمْ وَ اِجْعَلْهَا تَسْبِيحاً»

Sa’ad from Abu Ja’far, from Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr, from Hammad ibn Uthman, from Ubaydullah al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “If you have prayed a prayer while you are in the mosque and the congregational prayer is established, then if you wish, you may leave, and if you wish, pray with them and make it tasbih (supererogatory prayer).”

الحسين بن سعيد عن ابن ابي عمير عن سلمة صاحب السابري عن إسحاق بن عمار قال قلت لابي عبد الله عليه السلام تقام الصلاة وقد صليت فقال صل واجعلها لما فات

Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id from Ibn Abi Umayr from Salamah, the companion of al-Sabiri, from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “The prayer is established while I have already prayed.” Imam (a.s) said: “Pray (the established prayer), and count it for what you have missed.”

سعد عن ابي جعفر عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال قال كتبت إلى الرضا عليه السلام في الرجل كان خلف الامام يأتم به فركع قبل ان يركع الامام وهو يظن ان الامام قد ركع فلما رآه لم يركع رفع رأسه ثم أعاد الركوع مع الامام أيفسد ذلك صلاته أم تجوز له الركعة؟ فكتب يتم صلاته ولا يفسد ما صنع صلاته

Sa’ad from Abu Ja’far from al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Faddal, who said: I wrote to Imam al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, regarding a man who was behind the imam (of prayer), following him, and he bowed before the imam (of prayer), thinking that the imam (of prayer) had bowed. Then, when he saw that the imam (of prayer) had not bowed, he raised his head and then repeated the bowing with the imam (of prayer). Does this invalidate his prayer, or is the rak’ah valid for him? Imam (a.s) wrote: “He completes his prayer, and what he did does not invalidate his prayer.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ حُكَيْمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَسْجُدُ مَعَ اَلْإِمَامِ وَ أَرْفَعُ رَأْسِي قَبْلَهُ فَأُعِيدُ اَلصَّلاَةَ قَالَ« أَعِدْ وَ اُسْجُدْ»

From him, from Mu'awiyah ibn Hakim, from Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Faddal, from Abu al-Hasan (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I said to Imam (a.s): “I prostrate with the imam (of prayer) and I raise my head before him, should I repeat the prayer?” Imam (a.s) said: “Repeat (the prayer) and prostrate.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ:« لاَ يَضُرُّكَ أَنْ تَتَأَخَّرَ وَرَاءَكَ إِذَا وَجَدْتَ ضِيقاً فِي اَلصَّفِّ فَتَتَأَخَّرُ إِلَى اَلصَّفِّ اَلَّذِي خَلْفَكَ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ فِي صَفٍّ فَأَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَتَقَدَّمَ قُدَّامَكَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تَمْشِيَ إِلَيْهِ»

Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id from al-Hasan from Zur'ah from Sama'ah from Abu Abdillah (a.s), who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “It does not harm you to move back behind you if you find crowding in the row, so you move back to the row that is behind you. And if you are in a row and you wish to move forward to the row in front of you, then there is no harm in walking to it.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« أَتِمُّوا اَلصُّفُوفَ إِذَا وَجَدْتُمْ خَلَلاً وَ لاَ يَضُرُّكَ أَنْ تَتَأَخَّرَ إِذَا وَجَدْتَ ضِيقاً فِي اَلصَّفِّ وَ تَمْشِيَ مُنْحَرِفاً حَتَّى تُتِمَّ اَلصَّفَّ»

From him, from Fadalah, from Aban ibn Uthman, from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Complete the rows when you find a gap, and it does not harm you to fall back if you find tightness in the row, and to walk at an angle until you complete the row.”

أَحْمَدُ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: مِثْلَهُ.

Ahmad from Ibn Abi Umayr, from Hammad, from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: The same.

سَعْدٌ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَقُومُ فِي اَلصَّفِّ وَحْدَهُ فَقَالَ« لاَ بَأْسَ إِنَّمَا يَبْدُو وَاحِداً بَعْدَ وَاحِدٍ»

Sa’ad from Ayyub ibn Nuh, from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl, from Abu al-Sabbah, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), about a man who stands alone in the row. Imam (a.s) said: “There is no harm; they (the rows) only appear one after another.”

الحسين بن سعيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن معاوية ابن وهب قال رأيت ابا عبد الله عليه السلام يوما وقد دخل المسجد الحرام لصلاة العصر فلما كان دون الصفوف ركعوا فركع ثم سجد السجدتين ثم قام فمضى حتى لحق بالصفوف

Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id from Hammad ibn Isa from Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb, who said: I saw Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, one day when He (a.s) entered the ‘Sacred Mosque’ for the Asr prayer. When Imam (a.s) was short of reaching the rows, the people bowed, so He (a.s) bowed, then performed the two prostrations, then stood and continued until He (a.s) joined the rows (of the congregation).

سَعْدٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ اَلْحَكَمِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَدْخُلُ اَلْمَسْجِدَ وَ قَدْ رَكَعَ اَلْإِمَامُ فَأَرْكَعُ بِرُكُوعِهِ وَ أَنَا وَحْدِي وَ أَسْجُدُ فَإِذَا رَفَعْتُ رَأْسِي فَأَيَّ شَيْءٍ أَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ «قُمْ فَاذْهَبْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَإِنْ كَانُوا قِيَاماً فَقُمْ مَعَهُمْ وَ إِنْ كَانُوا جُلُوساً فَاجْلِسْ مَعَهُمْ»

Sa’ad from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from al-Hakam ibn Miskin from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “I enter the mosque and the imam (of prayer) has already bowed, so I bow with his bowing while I am alone (away from the congregation), and I prostrate. When I raise my head, what should I do?” Imam (a.s) said: “Stand and go to them (to join the congregation); if they are standing, then stand with them, and if they are sitting, then sit with them.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ:« مَنْ صَلَّى بِقَوْمٍ فَاخْتَصَّ نَفْسَهُ بِالدُّعَاءِ فَقَدْ خَانَهُمْ»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Salamah from Sulayman ibn Sama'ah from his uncle from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), from his forefathers, peace be upon them: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said: ‘Whoever leads a group in prayer and singles himself out in supplication has betrayed them.’”

عنه عن ايوب بن نوح عن العباس بن عامر عن الحسين ابن المختار وداود بن الحصين قال سئل عن رجل فاتته ركعة من المغرب مع الامام وأدرك الثنتين فهي الاولى له والثانية للقوم يتشهد فيها؟ قال نعم قلت والثانية أيضا قال نعم قلت كلهن قال نعم فانما هو بركة

From him, from Ayyub ibn Nuh, from al-Abbas ibn Amir, from al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar and Dawud ibn al-Husayn, who said: Imam (a.s) was asked about a man who missed one rak‘ah of Maghrib with the imam (of prayer) and caught the remaining two rak’ahs. Are those two (rak’ahs) considered his first, while they are the second and third for the group? And does he recite tashahhud in them? Imam (a.s) said: “Yes”. I asked: “And the second one also?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes”. I asked: “All of them?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, for it is a blessing.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« لاَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ مَنْ فِي وَجْهِهِ آثَارٌ»

From him, from Ishaq, by Abdurrahman ibn Hammad, by Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Hamid, by Abu al-Hasan (a.s): Imam al-Kadhim (a.s) said “One who has marks on his face, should not lead the people in prayer.” (meaning referring to leprosy or vitiligo)

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ اَلسَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُؤَذِّنُ وَ يُقِيمُ لِيُصَلِّيَ وَحْدَهُ فَيَجِيءُ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ نُصَلِّي جَمَاعَةً هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَا بِذَلِكَ اَلْأَذَانِ وَ اَلْإِقَامَةِ قَالَ« لاَ وَ لَكِنْ يُؤَذِّنُ وَ يُقِيمُ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from Amr ibn Sa'id, from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah, from Ammar al-Sabati, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked about a man who gives the adhan and the iqamah to pray alone, then another man comes and says to him, ‘Let us pray in congregation.’ Is it permissible for them to pray with that same adhan and iqamah? Imam (a.s) said: “No, rather he should give the adhan and the iqamah again.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْإِمَامِ يُصَلِّي فِي مَوْضِعٍ وَ اَلَّذِينَ خَلْفَهُ يُصَلُّونَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ أَسْفَلَ مِنْهُ أَوْ يُصَلِّي فِي مَوْضِعٍ وَ اَلَّذِينَ خَلْفَهُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ أَرْفَعَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ« يَكُونُ مَكَانُهُمْ مُسْتَوِياً» قَالَ قُلْتُ فَيُصَلِّي وَحْدَهُ فَيَكُونُ مَوْضِعُ سُجُودِهِ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ مَقَامِهِ فَقَالَ« إِذَا كَانَ وَحْدَهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Isa, from Safwan, from Muhammad ibn Abdillah, from al-Ridha (a.s), said: I asked Imam al-Ridha (a.s) about an imam (of prayer) who is praying in a place, and those behind him are praying in a place lower than his, or he is praying in a place and those behind him are in a place higher than his. Imam (a.s) said: “Their place should be level.” I said: “What if he is prays alone and his prostration is lower than where he stands” Imam (a.s) said: “If he is alone, then there is no harm.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَؤُمُّ بِقَوْمٍ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَوَشَّحَ قَالَ« لاَ لاَ يُصَلِّي اَلرَّجُلُ بِقَوْمٍ وَ هُوَ مُتَوَشِّحٌ فَوْقَ ثِيَابِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ كَثِيرَةٌ لِأَنَّ اَلْإِمَامَ لاَ تَجُوزُ لَهُ اَلصَّلاَةُ وَ هُوَ مُتَوَشِّحٌ» وَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ أَدْرَكَ اَلْإِمَامَ حِينَ سَلَّمَ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ وَ يُقِيمَ وَ يَفْتَتِحَ اَلصَّلاَةَ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from Amr ibn Sa'id, from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah, from Ammar, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked about a man who leads a group in prayer, is it permissible for him to wear a sash (yatasashah)? Imam (a.s) said: “No. A man must not lead a group in prayer while he is wearing a sash over his clothes, even if he has many clothes on, because it is not permissible for the imam (of prayer) to pray while wearing a sash.” And (Imam (a.s) was asked) regarding a man who catches the imam (of prayer) just as he has finished with the salam. Imam (a.s) said: “It is upon him to give the adhan and the iqamah and begin the prayer.”

عنه عن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسين بن علي بن يقطين عن عمرو بن ابراهيم عن خلف بن حماد عن رجل عن ابي عبد الله عليه السلام قال لا تصلي خلف الغالي وان كان يقول بقولك والمجهول والمجاهر بالفسق وان كان مقتصدا

From him, from Muhammad ibn Isa, from al-Husayn ibn Ali ibn Yaqtin, from Amr ibn Ibrahim, from Khalf ibn Hammad, from a man, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Do not pray behind the extremist (ghali), even if he claims your belief, nor behind the unknown person (majhūl, of unknown beliefs), nor behind the one who openly commits immorality (fasiq), even if he is moderate.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنِ اَلنَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ اَلسَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« لاَ تَكُونَنَّ فِي اَلْعَيْكَلِ» قُلْتُ وَ مَا اَلْعَيْكَلُ قَالَ« أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ خَلْفَ اَلصُّفُوفِ وَحْدَكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُمْكِنِ اَلدُّخُولُ فِي اَلصَّفِّ قَامَ حِذَاءَ اَلْإِمَامِ أَجْزَأَهُ فَإِنْ هُوَ عَانَدَ اَلصَّفَّ فَسَدَ عَلَيْهِ صَلاَتُهُ»

From him, from Ibrahim ibn Hashim, from al-Nawfali, from al-Sakuni, from Imam Ja’far (a.s), from his father (a.s), peace be upon them both, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, narrated from the Messenger of Allah (swt), blessings on him and his family, that He (saws) said: ‘Do not be in ‘al-'Aykal’.’” I asked: “And what is ‘al-'Aykal’?” Imam (a.s) said: “That you pray alone behind the rows. If it is not possible to join the row, and he stands parallel to the imam (of prayer), it suffices him. But if he opposes the row intentionally, his prayer is invalidated.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« سَوُّوا بَيْنَ صُفُوفِكُمْ وَ حَاذُوا بَيْنَ مَنَاكِبِكُمْ لاَ يَسْتَحْوِذُ عَلَيْكُمُ اَلشَّيْطَانُ»

From him (a.s), from his father (a.s), from his forefathers (a.s), peace be upon them, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said that the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said: “Align your rows evenly and level your shoulders with one another, so that Satan does not gain control over you.” (meaning spiritual control)

وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُمَا قَالاَ:« مَنْ قَالَ بِالْجِسْمِ فَلاَ تُعْطُوهُ مِنَ اَلزَّكَاةِ وَ لاَ تُصَلُّوا وَرَاءَهُ»

And it has been narrated from Ali ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn Ali al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, that they both said: Imam (a.s) said: “Whoever says that Allah (swt) has a body (‘bi al-jism’), do not give him from the zakat, and do not pray behind him.”

وَ سَأَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرِّوَايَةِ اَلَّتِي يَرْوُونَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُتَطَوَّعَ فِي وَقْتِ فَرِيضَةٍ مَا حَدُّ هَذَا اَلْوَقْتِ قَالَ« إِذَا أَخَذَ اَلْمُقِيمُ فِي اَلْإِقَامَةِ» فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِي اَلْإِقَامَةِ قَالَ« اَلْإِقَامَةُ اَلَّذِي تُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ»

And Umar ibn Yazid asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, about the narration which they transmit that ‘it is not proper to perform recommended prayers (al-tatawwu') at the time of an obligatory prayer’, What is the limit of this time? Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "When the muqim (the one who gives the iqamah) begins the iqamah." So he (Umar ibn Yazid) asked Imam (a.s): “Indeed, people differ in the iqamah”. Imam (a.s) said: "The iqamah is that with which you pray along with them."

وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ أَخَاهُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ خَلْفَ إِمَامٍ فَيُطَوِّلُ فِي اَلتَّشَهُّدِ فَيَأْخُذُهُ اَلْبَوْلُ أَوْ يَخَافُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ أَنْ يَفُوتَ أَوْ يَعْرِضُ لَهُ وَجَعٌ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ« يُسَلِّمُ وَ يَنْصَرِفُ وَيَدَعُ اَلْإِمَامَ»

And Ali ibn Ja’far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon them both, about a man who is behind an imam (of prayer) and the imam (of prayer) prolongs the tashahhud. However, the man is overcome by the need to urinate, or fears something might be missed, or some pain arises, what should he do? Imam (a.s) said: “He should say the taslim and leave, and leave the imam (of prayer).”

وَسَأَلَهُ أَيْضاً عَنْ إِمَامٍ أَحْدَثَ فَانْصَرَفَ وَلَمْ يُقَدِّمْ أَحَداً مَا حَالُ اَلْقَوْمِ قَالَ« لاَ صَلاَةَ لَهُمْ إِلاَّ بِإِمَامٍ فَلْيَتَقَدَّمْ بَعْضُهُمْ فَلْيُتِمَّ بِهِمْ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهَا وَ قَدْ تَمَّتْ صَلاَتُهُمْ»

And he (Ali ibn Ja’far) also asked Imam Musa ibn Ja’far (a.s), about an imam (of prayer) who invalidated his ablution and withdrew without appointing anyone. What is the condition of the people? Imam (a.s) said: “There is no prayer for them without an imam (of prayer). So let one of them step forward and complete for them what remains of the prayer, and their prayer will be complete.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ:« إِذَا اِنْصَرَفَ اَلْإِمَامُ فَلاَ يُصَلِّي فِي مَقَامِهِ حَتَّى يَنْحَرِفَ عَنْ مَقَامِهِ ذَلِكَ»

Muhammad ibn Mas'ud from Muhammad ibn Nusayr from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ja’far ibn Bashir from Hisham ibn Salim from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I heard Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) say: “When the imam (of prayer) finishes and turns away, no one should pray in his place until he has turned away from his position.”