Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3772 - رَوَى مَنْصُورُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا اِشْتَرَيْتَ مَتَاعاً فِيهِ كَيْلٌ أَوْ وَزْنٌ فَلاَ تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُوَلِّيَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لاَ وَزْنٌ فَبِعْهُ ".

Hadith.3772 - Mansur ibn Hazim narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "If you purchase goods that require measuring or weighing, do not sell them until you take possession of them - unless you appoint someone to take possession on your behalf. However, if the goods do not require measuring or weighing, then you may sell them immediately."

3773 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَلَيْهِ كُرٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فَاشْتَرَى كُرّاً مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ اِنْطَلِقْ فَاسْتَوْفِ حَقَّكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ ".

Hadith.3773 - Abd Al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who owed a kurr (a measure) of food and then purchased a kurr from another man. He said to the seller, "Go and take your right (measure) from the food I owe." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3774 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِبْتَاعَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ طَعَاماً بِدَرَاهِمَ فَأَخَذَ نِصْفَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدِ اِرْتَفَعَ اَلطَّعَامُ أَوْ نَقَصَ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ يَوْمَ اِبْتَاعَهُ سَاعَرَهُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَهُوَ ذَاكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَاعَرَهُ فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ سِعْرُ يَوْمِهِ " قَالَ وَ قَالَ فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ لَوْنَانِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ قَدْ سَعَّرَهُمَا بِشَيْءٍ وَ أَحَدُهُمَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ اَلْآخَرِ فَيَخْلِطُهُمَا جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهُمَا بِسِعْرٍ وَاحِدٍ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ يَغُشَّ بِهِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَهُ".

Hadith.3774 - Abdullah ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who purchased food with dirhams from another man, took half of it, and then returned later - after the price of the food had either increased or decreased. Imam (as) said: "If, on the day he purchased it, they agreed on a fixed price, then that price applies. But if no price was fixed, then it is sold at the price of the day it is taken." Imam (as) also said about a man who had two types of the same food, priced equally, but one was better than the other, and he mixed them together and sold them at one price: "It is not permissible for him to do that, as it deceives the Muslims, unless he makes it clear (to the buyer)."

3775 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعُطَارِدِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ فَيَتَغَيَّرُ سِعْرُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ "إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفِيَ لَهُ كَمَا أَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِ فَضْلٌ أَخَذَهُ".

Hadith.3775 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Al-Utard who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who purchases food, and its price changes before he takes possession of it. Imam (as) said: "I prefer that he honors the agreement (at the original price), just as he would have taken the benefit if there had been an increase in value."

3776 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ بِصَاعٍ غَيْرِ صَاعِ اَلْمِصْرِ".

Hadith.3776 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "It is not permissible for a man to sell using a measure other than the standard measure of the city."

3777 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ اَلْحَنَّاطُ : فَقَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ أَبِيعُ اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَأَجِيءُ وَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَ اَلطَّعَامُ مِنْ سِعْرِهِ فَيَقُولُ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي دَرَاهِمُ قَالَ "خُذْ مِنْهُ بِسِعْرِ يَوْمِهِ " قَالَ أَفْهَمُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ أَنَّهُ طَعَامِيَ اَلَّذِي اِشْتَرَاهُ مِنِّي قَالَ "لاَ تَأْخُذْ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَبِيعَ وَ يُعْطِيَكَ " قَالَ أَرْغَمَ اَللَّهُ أَنْفِي رَخَّصَ لِي فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَشَدَّدَ عَلَيَّ.

Hadith.3777 - It is narrated from Abd Al-Samad ibn Bashir, from Abu Abdillah (as): Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim Al-Hannat asked him, "May Allah (swt) keep you well. I sell food to a man on credit, and when I go to collect payment, the price of the food has changed, and he says, 'I do not have dirhams.' What should I do?" Imam (as) said: "Take from him at the price of the day." Muhammad asked: "I understand, may Allah (swt) keep you well, but what if it is the same food he purchased from me?" Imam (as) said: "Do not take it from him until he sells it and gives you the payment." Muhammad said: "May Allah (swt) humble me! He initially gave me a concession, but when I questioned further, he imposed a stricter rule upon me."

3778 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي طَعَاماً فَيَكُونُ أَحْسَنَ لَهُ وَ أَنْفَقَ أَنْ يَبُلَّهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ زِيَادَةً فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ لاَ يُصْلِحُهُ إِلاَّ ذَلِكَ وَ لاَ يُنْفِقُهُ غَيْرُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ فِيهِ اَلزِّيَادَةَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ إِنَّمَا يَغُشُّ بِهِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلاَ يَصْلُحُ".

Hadith.3778 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys food and finds it more suitable and marketable if he moistens it, without intending to increase its weight. Imam (as) said: "If it cannot be preserved or sold without doing that, and there is no intention of increasing its weight, then there is no harm. But if the purpose is to deceive the Muslims, then it is not permissible."

3779 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اِبْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ اَلْمَدَائِنِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْقَوْمِ يَدْخُلُونَ اَلسَّفِينَةَ يَشْتَرُونَ اَلطَّعَامَ فَيُسَاوِمُونَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ يَشْتَرِيهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَيَسْأَلُونَهُ فَيُعْطِيهِمْ مَا يُرِيدُونَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ فَيَكُونُ صَاحِبُ اَلطَّعَامِ هُوَ اَلَّذِي يَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ يَقْبِضُ اَلثَّمَنَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ مَا أَرَاهُمْ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ شَارَكُوهُ" فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ صَاحِبَ اَلطَّعَامِ يَدْعُو اَلْكَيَّالَ فَيَكِيلُهُ لَنَا وَ لَنَا أُجَرَاءُ فَيَعْتَبِرُونَهُ فَيَزِيدُ وَ يَنْقُصُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْءٌ كَثِيرٌ غَلَطٌ".

Hadith.3779 - It is narrated from Ibn Muskan, from Ishaq Al-Mada'ini, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a group of people who board a ship to purchase food. They negotiate the price, and one of them buys it. Then the others request portions of the food from him, and he provides it to them while the seller handles the weighing and receives the payment. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this. I do not see it as anything other than them sharing in the purchase." I said: "The seller calls a measurer to weigh it for us, and we have laborers who check the measurement, but sometimes it is slightly more or less." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it, as long as the error is not significant."

3780 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ حَجَّاجٍ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَشْتَرِي طَعَاماً إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَيَطْلُبُهُ اَلتُّجَّارُ مِنِّي بَعْدَ مَا اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تَبِيعَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ كَمَا اِشْتَرَيْتَهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ أَوْ تَقْبِضَ" قُلْتُ فَإِذَا قَبَضْتُهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَلِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهُ بِكَيْلِهِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا رَضُوا " وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "كُلُّ طَعَامٍ اِشْتَرَيْتَهُ مِنْ بَيْدَرٍ أَوْ طَسُّوجٍ فَأَتَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ فَلَيْسَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي إِلاَّ رَأْسُ مَالِهِ وَ مَا اِشْتَرَى مِنْ طَعَامٍ مَوْصُوفٍ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ فِيهِ قَرْيَةً وَ لاَ مَوْضِعاً فَعَلَى صَاحِبِهِ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَهُ" قَالَ وَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ ثُمَّ أَبِيعُهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَكْتَالَهُ فَأَقُولُ اِبْعَثْ وَكِيلَكَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدَ كَيْلَهُ إِذَا قَبَضْتُهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3780 - It is narrated from Khalid ibn Hajjaj Al-Karkhi, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as): "I buy food on deferred payment until a specified time, and then merchants request to buy it from me before I take possession of it." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in selling it on deferred payment, as you purchased it, but you are not allowed to hand it over or take possession of it before you actually receive it." I asked: "Once I take possession of it, may I be your ransom, can I then hand it over using its measured amount?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that if they are satisfied with it." Imam (as) also said: "Any food you purchase from a field (baydar) or a district (tassuj), and then Allah (swt) causes it to perish, the buyer is only entitled to his principal amount. But if he purchases food with a general description and does not specify a village or location, then the seller is obligated to deliver it." I further asked Abu Abdillah (as): "I buy food from a man and then sell it to another man before measuring it, saying to him, 'Send your agent to witness its measurement when I take possession of it.'" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3781 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ طَعَاماً عِدْلاً بِكَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَ إِنَّ صَاحِبَهُ قَالَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي اِبْتَعْ مِنِّي هَذَا اَلْعِدْلَ اَلْآخَرَ بِغَيْرِ كَيْلٍ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ مَا فِي اَلْآخَرِ اَلَّذِي اِبْتَعْتَهُ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ إِلاَّ بِكَيْلٍ" قَالَ وَ "مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلاً فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَصْلُحُ مُجَازَفَةً هَذَا مِمَّا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ بَيْعِ اَلطَّعَامِ".

Hadith.3781 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who purchased a measured amount of food from another man, and then the seller said to the buyer, "Buy this other sack without measuring it, for it contains the same amount as the one you already purchased." Imam (as) said: "This is not permissible unless it is measured." Imam (as) further said: "Any food for which a specific measurement has been stipulated cannot be sold without measuring it. Such sales, based on estimation, are disapproved in the case of food."

3782 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ أَشْتَرِيهِ مِنْهُ بِكَيْلِهِ وَ أُصَدِّقُهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَكِيلَهُ".

Hadith.3782 - Abd Al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys food and then sells it back to the same seller based on the original measurement, trusting him regarding the quantity. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this, but do not sell it until you measure it."

3783 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ فُضُولِ اَلْكَيْلِ وَ اَلْمَوَازِينِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ تَعَدَّى فَلاَ بَأْسَ ".

Hadith.3783 - It is narrated from Abd Al-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about the excess that may result from measuring or weighing. Imam (as) said: "If there is no deliberate excess (beyond fairness), then there is no harm."

3784 - وَ سَأَلَهُ جَمِيلٌ : عَمَّنِ اِشْتَرَى تِبْنَ بَيْدَرٍ كُلَّ كُرٍّ بِشَيْءٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَ يَقْبِضُ اَلتِّبْنَ فَيَبِيعُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَكْتَالَ اَلطَّعَامَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3784 - Jamil asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who buys straw from a threshing floor, each load (kurr) for a specified price, and takes possession of the straw but sells it before measuring the grain. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3785 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ طَعَامِ قَرْيَةٍ بِعَيْنِهِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِنْ خَرَجَ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ كَانَ دَيْناً عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3785 - Jamil narrated from Zurara, who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who purchased food specifically from a village. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that. If the food is delivered, it belongs to him. But if it is not delivered, then it remains a debt upon the seller."

3786 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قُلْتُ إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلسُّفُنِ ثُمَّ نَكِيلُهُ فَيَزِيدُ قَالَ "وَ رُبَّمَا نَقَصَ عَلَيْكُمْ" قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ "فَإِذَا نَقَصَ يَرُدُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ" قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3786 - Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Al-Hasan ibn Atiyyah, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as): "We buy food from ships, and then we measure it, sometimes finding an excess." Imam (as) said: "And perhaps it might sometimes be less for you?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "If it is less, do they compensate you?" I said: "No." Imam (as) said: "Then there is no harm."

3787 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلثَّمَرَةَ ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِنْ وَجَدَ بِهَا رِبْحاً فَلْيَبِعْ" قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ شِرَاءِ اَلنَّخْلِ وَ اَلْكَرْمِ وَ اَلثِّمَارِ ثَلاَثَ سِنِينَ وَ أَرْبَعَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ تَقُولُ إِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ فِي هَذِهِ اَلسَّنَةِ يَخْرُجْ فِي قَابِلٍ وَ إِنِ اِشْتَرَيْتَهُ سَنَةً وَاحِدَةً فَلاَ تَشْتَرِهِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ " قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلثَّمَرَةَ اَلْمُسَمَّاةَ مِنَ اَلْأَرْضِ فَتَهْلِكُ ثَمَرَةُ تِلْكَ اَلْأَرْضِ كُلُّهَا فَقَالَ "قَدِ اِخْتَصَمُوا فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَكَانُوا يَذْكُرُونَ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ لاَ يَدَعُونَ اَلْخُصُومَةَ نَهَاهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ اَلْبَيْعِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ اَلثَّمَرَةُ وَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْهُ وَ لَكِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَجْلِ خُصُومَتِهِمْ".

Hadith.3787 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who buys fruits and then sells them before taking possession of them. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm if he finds profit in them; let him sell." Imam (as) was asked about purchasing palm trees, grapevines, and fruits for three or four years. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it, as you may say, 'If it does not yield in this year, it will yield in the next.' But if you buy it for one year, do not purchase it until the fruit has matured." Imam (as) was also asked about a man who buys specific fruits from a piece of land, and then all the fruits of that land are destroyed. Imam (as) said: "They disputed this matter before the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), and they would continue to argue about it. So when he saw that they would not stop disputing, he forbade that sale until the fruit matures. However, he did not prohibit it entirely; rather, he forbade it due to their disputes."

3788 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ اَلثَّمَرَةَ ثُمَّ يَسْتَثْنِي كَيْلاً وَ تَمْراً قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قَالَ وَ كَانَ مَوْلًى لَهُ عِنْدَهُ جَالِساً فَقَالَ اَلْمَوْلَى إِنَّهُ لَيَبِيعُ وَ يَسْتَثْنِي أَوْسَاقاً يَعْنِي أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ وَ لَمْ يُنْكِرْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ.

Hadith.3788 - Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Ribi, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): Regarding a man who sells fruits and then excludes a specific measure (a portion) of dates, Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." It was mentioned that one of his servants was sitting with him, and the servant said: "He indeed sells and excludes certain measures (Awsaq)" - referring to Abu Abdillah (as). Imam (as) then looked at him and did not disapprove of what he had said.

3789 - وَ رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ بَيْعِ اَلثَّمَرَةِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ طَلْعُهَا فَقَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً مِنْ غَيْرِهَا رَطْبَةً أَوْ بَقْلَةً فَيَقُولُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذِهِ اَلرَّطْبَةَ وَ هَذَا اَلنَّخْلَ وَ هَذَا اَلشَّجَرَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَخْرُجِ اَلثَّمَرَةُ كَانَ رَأْسُ مَالِ اَلْمُشْتَرِي فِي اَلرَّطْبَةِ وَ اَلْبَقْلِ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ وَرَقِ اَلشَّجَرِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهُ ثَلاَثَ خَرَطَاتٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَ خَرَطَاتٍ فَقَالَ "إِذَا رَأَيْتَ اَلْوَرَقَ فِي شَجَرَةٍ فَاشْتَرِ مِنْهُ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ خَرْطَةٍ".

Hadith.3789 - Zur'ah narrated from Sama'ah, who said: I asked him about selling fruits-whether it is permissible to buy them before their buds appear. Imam (as) said: "No, except if he buys something along with it, like fresh greens or vegetables, and says: 'I am buying these greens, this palm tree, and this tree for such and such price.' If the fruit does not emerge, the buyer's capital will be in the greens and vegetables." Imam (as) was also asked about buying tree leaves, whether it is permissible to buy them for three or four harvests. Imam (as) said: "If you see the leaves on the tree, then buy as many harvests as you wish."

3790 - وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى بُسْتَاناً فِيهِ نَخْلٌ وَ شَجَرٌ مِنْهُ مَا قَدْ أَطْعَمَ وَ مِنْهُ مَا لَمْ يُطْعِمْ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ فِيهِ مَا قَدْ أَطْعَمَ".

Hadith.3790 - Al-Qasim bin Muhammad narrated from Ali bin Abi Hamzah, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who bought an orchard that contained palm trees and other trees, some of which had already borne fruit and others had not yet borne fruit. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if there are trees that have already borne fruit."

3791 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بِنْتِ إِلْيَاسَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ هَلْ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ اَلنَّخْلِ إِذَا حَمَلَ قَالَ "لاَ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهُ حَتَّى يَزْهُوَ" قُلْتُ وَ مَا اَلزَّهْوُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ "يَحْمَرُّ وَ يَصْفَرُّ".

Hadith.3791 - Al-Hasan bin Ali bin Bint Ilyas narrated: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as): Is it permissible to sell palm trees when they have borne fruit? Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible to sell them until they ripen." I said: What is meant by ripening, may I be your ransom? Imam (as) said: "When they turn red or yellow."

3792 - رُوِيَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قُلْتُ أُعْطِي اَلرَّجُلَ اَلثَّمَنَ عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ أَقُولُ لَهُ إِذَا قَامَتْ ثَمَرَتُكَ بِشَيْءٍ فَهِيَ لِي بِذَلِكَ اَلثَّمَنِ إِنْ رَضِيتَ أَخَذْتُ وَ إِنْ كَرِهْتَ تَرَكْتُ فَقَالَ "أَ مَا تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ وَ لاَ تَشْتَرِطَ شَيْئاً" قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ لاَ يُسَمِّي شَيْئاً وَ اَللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3792 - Ya'qub bin Shu'ayb narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as): I give a man twenty dinars and say to him, "If your fruit reaches a certain value, it is mine for that price. If I agree, I will take it, and if I dislike it, I will leave it." Imam (as) said: "Can you not give it to him without making any condition?" I said: May I be your ransom! What if he does not specify anything, but Allah (swt) knows his intention? Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible if that is his intention."

3793 - وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَبْتَاعُ لَكَ مَتَاعاً وَ اَلرِّبْحُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3793 - Asim bin Humayd narrated from Abu Basir: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who says to another man, "I will buy merchandise for you, and the profit will be shared between me and you." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3794 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ بَيَّاعِ اَلزُّطِّيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّا نَشْتَرِي اَلْمَتَاعَ بِنَظِرَةٍ فَيَجِيءُ اَلرَّجُلُ فَيَقُولُ بِكَمْ تَقَوَّمَ عَلَيْكَ فَأَقُولُ تُقَوَّمُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَأَبِيعُهُ بِرِبْحٍ قَالَ "إِذَا بِعْتَهُ مُرَابَحَةً كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ اَلنَّظِرَةِ مِثْلُ مَا لَكَ" قَالَ فَاسْتَرْجَعْتُ وَ قُلْتُ هَلَكْنَا فَقَالَ "مِمَّا" قُلْتُ لِأَنَّ مَا فِي اَلْأَرْضِ ثَوْباً أَبِيعُهُ مُرَابَحَةً فَيُشْتَرَى مِنِّي وَ لَوْ وُضِعْتُ مِنْ رَأْسِ اَلْمَالِ حَتَّى أَقُولَ تُقَوَّمُ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى مَا شَقَّ عَلَيَّ قَالَ "أَ فَلاَ أَفْتَحُ لَكَ بَاباً يَكُونُ لَكَ فِيهِ فَرَجٌ" قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ "قُلْ قَامَ عَلَيَّ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ أَبِيعُكَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ لاَ تَقُلْ بِرِبْحٍ".

Hadith.3794 - Maysir, the seller of fabrics, narrated: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): We purchase merchandise on credit, and a man comes and asks, "For how much was it valued for you?" I reply, "It was valued at such and such," and then I sell it to him at a profit. Imam (as) said: "If you sell it on a profit basis (Murabaha), then he is entitled to the same credit period as you." I became distressed and said: "We are ruined!" Imam (as) asked: "Why?" I said: "Because the goods I sell on a Murabaha basis are purchased from me, and if I deduct from the principal amount to state its valuation, it would cause difficulty." When Imam (as) saw what troubled me, Imam (as) said: "Shall I not open for you a door that will bring you ease?" I said: "Indeed, please do!" Imam (as) said: "Say, 'It cost me such and such, and I sell it to you for such and such,' and do not mention the word 'profit' (Ribh)."

3795 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ اَلْمَتَاعَ عَلَى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي فِي كُلِّ ثَوْبٍ أَشْتَرِيهِ مِنْكَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ إِنَّمَا يَشْتَرِي لِلنَّاسِ وَ يَقُولُ اِجْعَلْ لِي رِبْحاً عَلَى أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ مِنْكَ فَكَرِهَهُ.

Hadith.3795 - Abdul-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj narrated: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a man who said to another man: "I will buy merchandise from you, provided that you give me such and such profit on each piece of cloth I purchase from you." The man, however, buys the merchandise for others and says, "Grant me a profit because I am buying from you." Imam (as) disliked this arrangement.

3796 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ بَشَّارِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ اَلْمَتَاعَ بِنَسَاءٍ أَ يَشْتَرِيهِ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ اَلَّذِي يَبِيعُهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ " فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَشْتَرِي مَتَاعِي فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ هُوَ مَتَاعَكَ وَ لاَ بَقَرَكَ وَ لاَ غَنَمَكَ".

Hadith.3796 - Bashshar ibn Yasar narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who sells merchandise for deferred payment (on credit). Can he buy it back from the one to whom he sold it? Imam (as) replied: "Yes, there is no problem with it." I then asked him: "Can I buy back my own merchandise?" Imam (as) replied: "It is not your merchandise, nor your cattle, nor your sheep."

3797 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَبْتَاعُ اَلثَّوْبَ مِنَ اَلسُّوقِ لِأَهْلِهِ وَ يَأْخُذُهُ بِشَرْطٍ فَيُعْطَى اَلرِّبْحَ فِي أَهْلِهِ قَالَ "إِنْ رَغِبَ فِي اَلرِّبْحِ فَلْيُوجِبِ اَلثَّوْبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَ لاَ يَجْعَلْ فِي نَفْسِهِ أَنْ يَرُدَّ اَلثَّوْبَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ إِنْ رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.3797 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about a man who buys a garment from the market for his family and takes it with a condition that he may return it if not accepted, but he is offered a profit if his family keeps it. Imam (as) said: "If he desires the profit, then he must make the garment binding upon himself (as a confirmed purchase) and should not intend in his heart to return the garment to its owner if it is returned to him."

3798 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْقَوْمِ يَشْتَرُونَ اَلْجِرَابَ اَلْهَرَوِيَّ أَوِ اَلْكَرَوِيَّ أَوِ اَلْمَرْوَزِيَّ أَوِ اَلْقُوهِيَّ فَيَشْتَرِي اَلرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ عَشَرَةَ أَثْوَابٍ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ خِيَارَهُ كُلُّ ثَوْبٍ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ أَوْ أَقَلُّ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ فَقَالَ "مَا أُحِبُّ هَذَا اَلْبَيْعَ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فِيهِ خِيَاراً غَيْرَ خَمْسَةِ أَثْوَابٍ وَ وَجَدَ بَقِيَّتَهُ سَوَاءً" فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ اِبْنُهُ إِنَّهُمْ قَدِ اِشْتَرَطُوا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ عَشَرَةَ أَثْوَابٍ فَرَدَّدَ عَلَيْهِ مِرَاراً فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنَّمَا اِشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ خِيَارَهَا أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ إِلاَّ خَمْسَةً وَ وَجَدَ بَقِيَّتَهُ سَوَاءً" ثُمَّ قَالَ "مَا أُحِبُّ هَذَا اَلْبَيْعَ ".

Hadith.3798 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Isa ibn Abi Mansur, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who buy Herawi, Karawi, Marwazi, or Quhi bundles of clothes. A man among them purchases ten garments, stipulating a condition that each garment is worth five dirhams, or less, or more. Imam (as) said: "I do not like this type of sale. What if he does not find any choice among them except five garments, and the rest are all the same?" Then Isma'il, his son, said to him: "They have stipulated that he must take ten garments from them." Abu Abdullah (as) repeatedly responded: "He has only stipulated with them to take the best among them. What if he only finds five that are suitable, and the rest are all the same?" Then Imam (as) said: "I do not like this type of sale."

3799 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيُّ وَ سَمَاعَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَحْمِلُ اَلْمَتَاعَ لِأَهْلِ اَلسُّوقِ وَ قَدْ قَوَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةً فَيَقُولُونَ بِعْ فَمَا اِزْدَدْتَ فَلَكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ يَبِيعُهُمْ مُرَابَحَةً ".

Hadith.3799 - Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani and Sama'ah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): Imam (as) was asked about a man who carries goods for the people of the market, and they have set a price for him. They then say to him, "Sell it, and whatever profit you make above the price is yours." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that, but he should not sell it to them as a murabaha (profit-sharing agreement)."

3800 - وَ رَوَى عُبَيْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ وَ مُحَمَّدٌ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُدِّمَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَتَاعٌ مِنْ مِصْرٍ فَصَنَعَ طَعَاماً وَ دَعَا لَهُ اَلتُّجَّارَ فَقَالُوا نَأْخُذُهُ بِدَهْ دَوَازْدَهْ فَقَالَ "وَ كَمْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ" فَقَالُوا فِي كُلِّ عَشَرَةِ آلاَفٍ أَلْفَيْنِ قَالَ "فَإِنِّي أَبِيعُكُمْ هَذَا اَلْمَتَاعَ بِاِثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفاً".

Hadith.3800 - Ubaydullah ibn Ali al-Halabi and Muhammad al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): Goods arrived for Abu Abdullah (as) from Egypt. Imam (as) prepared food and invited the merchants. They said: "We will take it at dah dawazdah (a price of twelve)." Imam (as) asked: "And how much does that amount to?" They replied: "For every ten thousand, two thousand more." Imam (as) said: "Then I will sell you these goods for twelve thousand."

3801 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْمَتَاعَ جَمِيعاً بِثَمَنٍ ثُمَّ يُقَوِّمُ كُلَّ ثَوْبٍ بِمَا يَسْوَى حَتَّى يَقَعَ عَلَى رَأْسِ مَالِهِ يَبِيعُهُ مُرَابَحَةً ثَوْباً ثَوْباً قَالَ "لاَ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا قَوَّمَهُ ".

Hadith.3801 - Al-'Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams (as), regarding a man who purchases goods altogether for a set price and then appraises each garment based on its value until it equals his capital, selling it item by item at a profit Imam (as) said: "No, not until he clarifies to the buyer that he merely appraised it."

3802 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ : بِعْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ جِرَاباً هَرَوِيّاً كُلَّ ثَوْبٍ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَأَخَذُوهُ فَاقْتَسَمُوهُ ثُمَّ وَجَدُوا بِثَوْبٍ فِيهَا عَيْباً فَرَدُّوهُ عَلَيَّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ أُعْطِيكُمْ ثَمَنَهُ اَلَّذِي بِعْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَقَالُوا لاَ وَ لَكِنَّا نَأْخُذُ قِيمَتَهُ مِنْكَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "يَلْزَمُهُمْ ذَلِكَ ".

Hadith.3802 - It is narrated from Umar ibn Yazid: I sold a Harawi sack in Medina, with each garment priced at a specific amount. They took it and divided it among them. Then they found a defect in one of the garments and returned it to me. I said to them, "I will give you its price that I sold it to you for." They replied: "No, rather we will take its value from you." I mentioned this matter to Abu Abdullah (as), and Imam (as) said: "They are obligated to that."

3803 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلثَّوْبَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ أَوِ اَلْمَتَاعَ فَيَجِدُ بِهِ عَيْباً قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ اَلثَّوْبُ قَائِماً بِعَيْنِهِ رَدَّهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ وَ أَخَذَ اَلثَّمَنَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ خَاطَ اَلثَّوْبَ أَوْ صَبَغَهُ أَوْ قَطَعَهُ رَجَعَ بِنُقْصَانِ اَلْعَيْبِ".

Hadith.3803 - In the narration of Jamil ibn Darraj, from some of our companions, from one of the Imams (peace be upon them): Regarding a man who buys a garment or merchandise from another man and then discovers a defect in it. Imam (as) said: "If the garment is still intact as it was, he can return it to its owner and take back the price. But if he has sewn the garment, dyed it, or cut it, then he shall return the value of the defect."

3804 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى بَيْعاً لَيْسَ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لاَ وَزْنٌ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ مُرَابَحَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ وَ يَأْخُذَ رِبْحَهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ كَيْلٌ وَ لاَ وَزْنٌ فَإِنْ هُوَ قَبَضَهُ فَهُوَ أَبْرَأُ لِنَفْسِهِ".

Hadith.3804 - Aban narrated from Mansur who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who buys goods that do not require measurement by volume or weight. Is it permissible for him to sell them at a profit before taking possession of them and to collect his profit? The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that as long as the goods do not require measurement by volume or weight. However, if he takes possession of them, it is better and safer for him."

3805 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ اِشْتَرَوْا بَزّاً فَاشْتَرَكُوا فِيهِ جَمِيعاً وَ لَمْ يَقْتَسِمُوهُ أَ يَصْلُحُ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ بَيْعَ بَزِّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" وَ قَالَ "إِنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ اَلطَّعَامِ لِأَنَّ اَلطَّعَامَ يُكَالُ".

Hadith.3805 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who bought cloth and jointly owned it without dividing it among themselves. Is it permissible for any one of them to sell his share of the cloth before taking possession of it? The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that." Then Imam (as) added: "This is not like food because food is measured by volume."

3806 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى ثَوْباً ثُمَّ رَدَّهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يُقِيلَهُ إِلاَّ بِوَضِيعَةٍ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ بِوَضِيعَةٍ فَإِنْ جَهِلَ فَأَخَذَهُ فَبَاعَهُ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ رَدَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ اَلْأَوَّلِ مَا زَادَ".

Hadith.3806 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who bought a garment and then returned it to its seller, but the seller refused to cancel the sale except with a reduction in price. The Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible for him to take it back at a reduced price. If he was unaware and took it back, then sold it for more than its original price, he must return the extra amount to the first seller."

3807 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ بَيْعِ اَلْغَزْلِ بِالثِّيَابِ اَلْمَنْسُوجَةِ وَ اَلْغَزْلُ أَكْثَرُ وَزْناً مِنَ اَلثِّيَابِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3807 - Abdul-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about selling yarn in exchange for woven clothes, where the yarn weighs more than the clothes. The Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3808 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَجْرِ اَلسِّمْسَارِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ يَشْتَرِي لِلنَّاسِ يَوْماً بَعْدَ يَوْمٍ بِشَيْءٍ مُسَمًّى إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِثْلُ اَلْأَجِيرِ ".

Hadith.3808 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abi Walad, from Abu Abdullah (as), and others from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "There is no harm in paying a broker's fee. He only buys for people day after day for a specified amount. He is just like a hired worker."

3809 - قَالَ : وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسِّمْسَارِ يَشْتَرِي بِالْأَجْرِ فَيُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ اَلْوَرِقُ وَ يُشْتَرَطُ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّكَ مَا تَشْتَرِي فَمَا شِئْتُ أَخَذْتُهُ وَ مَا شِئْتُ تَرَكْتُهُ فَيَذْهَبُ فَيَشْتَرِي ثُمَّ يَأْتِي بِالْمَتَاعِ فَيَقُولُ خُذْ مَا رَضِيتَ وَ دَعْ مَا كَرِهْتَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3809 - He said: I asked Imam (as) about a broker who buys for a fee. Money is handed over to him, and it is stipulated that whatever he buys, the buyer has the option to take what he likes and leave what he dislikes. The broker then goes and makes the purchase, and upon returning with the goods, he says, "Take what you are satisfied with and leave what you dislike." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

3810 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِسَبْيٍ مِنَ اَلْيَمَنِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغُوا اَلْجُحْفَةَ نَفِدَتْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ فَبَاعُوا جَارِيَةً كَانَتْ أُمُّهَا مَعَهُمْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ سَمِعَ بُكَاءَهَا فَقَالَ "مَا هَذِهِ" فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ اِحْتَجْنَا إِلَى نَفَقَةٍ فَبِعْنَا اِبْنَتَهَا فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَأُتِيَ بِهَا وَ قَالَ "بِيعُوهُمَا جَمِيعاً أَوْ أَمْسِكُوهُمَا جَمِيعاً"".

Hadith.3810 - It is narrated from Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar who said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: A group of captives from Yemen were brought to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family). When they reached Al-Juhfa, their provisions ran out, so they sold a young girl whose mother was with them. When they arrived before the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family), He (sw) heard the girl crying and asked: "What is this?" They replied: "O Messenger of Allah (swt), we needed provisions, so we sold her daughter." The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) then sent someone to bring her back and said: "Sell them both together or keep them both together."

3811 - وَ - سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْأَخَوَيْنِ اَلْمَمْلُوكَيْنِ هَلْ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ بَيْنَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ وَ وَلَدِهَا فَقَالَ "لاَ هُوَ حَرَامٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُرِيدُوا ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3811 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about two slave brothers, whether they can be separated, and about a woman and her child, whether they can be separated. Imam (as) replied: "No, it is forbidden, except if they themselves desire it."

3812 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى جَارِيَةً بِثَمَنٍ مُسَمًّى ثُمَّ بَاعَهَا فَرَبِحَ فِيهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْقُدَ صَاحِبَهَا اَلَّذِي كَانَتْ لَهُ فَأَتَى صَاحِبُهَا يَتَقَاضَاهُ فَقَالَ صَاحِبُ اَلْجَارِيَةِ لِلَّذِينَ بَاعَهُمْ اِكْفُونِي غَرِيمِي هَذَا وَ اَلَّذِي رَبِحْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3812 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a man who bought a bondwoman for a specified price, then sold her and made a profit before paying the original seller. The original seller came to demand his payment, so the man who sold the bondwoman said to those who bought her: "Take care of this creditor of mine, and the profit I made from you is yours." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this."

3813 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى دَابَّةً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ ثَمَنُهَا فَأَتَى رَجُلاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ يَا فُلاَنُ اُنْقُدْ عَنِّي وَ اَلرِّبْحُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ فَنَقَدَ عَنْهُ فَنَفَقَتِ اَلدَّابَّةُ قَالَ "اَلثَّمَنُ عَلَيْهِمَا لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ رِبْحٌ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا".

Hadith.3813 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who bought an animal but did not have its price, so he went to one of his companions and said: "O so-and-so, pay on my behalf, and the profit will be shared between me and you." The companion paid on his behalf, but the animal died. Imam (as) said: "The price is upon both of them because if there had been a profit, it would have been shared between them."

3814 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَبِيعُ اَلْمَمْلُوكَ وَ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَهُ شَيْئاً قَالَ "يَجُوزُ".

Hadith.3814 - Imam (as) said regarding a man who sells a slave and stipulates upon the buyer to give him something: "It is permissible."

3815 - وَ رَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ بَاعَ عَبْداً وَ كَانَ لِلْعَبْدِ مَالٌ فَالْمَالُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ اَلْمُبْتَاعُ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3815 - Yahya ibn Abi Al-'Ala narrated from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "Whoever sells a slave, and the slave has wealth, the wealth belongs to the seller unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) commanded this."

3816 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي اَلْمَمْلُوكَ لِمَنْ مَالُهُ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ اَلْبَائِعُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالاً فَهُوَ لِلْمُشْتَرِي وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِمَ فَهُوَ لِلْبَائِعِ".

Hadith.3816 - In a narration from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Zurara, he said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who buys a slave, who does the wealth of the slave belong to?" Imam (as) replied: "If the seller knew that the slave had wealth, then it belongs to the buyer. However, if the seller was unaware, then it belongs to the seller."

3817 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي اَلْمَمْلُوكَ وَ مَالَهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ" قُلْتُ فَيَكُونُ مَالُ اَلْمَمْلُوكِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اِشْتَرَاهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3817 - Zurara narrated: "I said to Abu Abdullah (as): A man buys a slave along with his wealth. Imam (as) replied: 'There is no harm in it.' I asked: 'What if the wealth of the slave is greater than the price he was purchased for?' Imam (as) replied: 'There is no harm in it.'

3818 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ اَلْفَضْلِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ شِرَاءِ مَمْلُوكِ أَهْلِ اَلذِّمَّةِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا أَقَرُّوا لَهُمْ بِذَلِكَ فَاشْتَرِ وَ اِنْكِحْ".

Hadith.3818 - Aban narrated from Ismail ibn Al-Fadl, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about purchasing a slave from the People of the Book (Ahl al-Dhimma)." Imam (as) replied: "If they acknowledge ownership of the slave, then buy and marry."

3819 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْجَارِيَةَ فَيَقَعُ عَلَيْهَا فَيَجِدُهَا حُبْلَى فَقَالَ "يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَرُدُّ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً".

Hadith.3819 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdillah narrated from Abu Abdillah (as). He said: "I asked Imam (as) about a man who buys a bondwoman, then has relations with her, and later discovers that she is pregnant." Imam (as) replied: "He must return her and also return something along with her."

3820 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَرُدُّ نِصْفَ عُشْرِ ثَمَنِهَا إِذَا كَانَتْ حُبْلَى".

Hadith.3820 - In the narration of Abdul-Malik ibn Amr from Abu Abdillah (as): "He must return her and also return half a tenth of her price if she is pregnant."

3821 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "يَرُدُّهَا وَ يَكْسُوهَا".

Hadith.3821 - In the narration of Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "He must return her and provide her with clothing."

3822 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لاَ يَرُدُّ اَلْجَارِيَةَ بِعَيْبٍ إِذَا وُطِئَتْ وَ لَكِنْ يَرْجِعُ بِقِيمَةِ اَلْعَيْبِ وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ "مَعَاذَ اَللَّهِ أَنْ أَجْعَلَ لَهَا أَجْراً" ".

Hadith.3822 - Muhammad ibn Maythar narrates from Abu Abdullah (as): "Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) would not return a bondwoman due to a defect if she had been intimate, but he would claim compensation for the value of the defect. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say, 'I seek refuge in Allah (swt) from making her a source of payment.'"

3823 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يَدُلُّ اَلرَّجُلَ عَلَى اَلسِّلْعَةِ وَ يَقُولُ اِشْتَرِهَا وَ لِيَ نِصْفُهَا فَيَشْتَرِيهَا اَلرَّجُلُ وَ يَنْقُدُ مِنْ مَالِهِ قَالَ لَهُ نِصْفُ اَلرِّبْحِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ وُضِعَ لَحِقَهُ مِنَ اَلْوَضِيعَةِ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ عَلَيْهِ اَلْوَضِيعَةُ كَمَا يَأْخُذُ اَلرِّبْحَ".

Hadith.3823 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrates: I said to Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)): A man directs another man to a commodity and says, 'Buy it, and half of it will be mine.' The man buys it and pays from his own money. The Imam (as) replied: "He is entitled to half the profit." I asked: "What if there is a loss; does he also bear part of the loss?" The Imam (as) said: "Yes, he is liable for the loss just as he shares in the profit."

3824 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَدْخُلُ اَلسُّوقَ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ جَارِيَةً فَتَقُولُ إِنِّي حُرَّةٌ قَالَ "اِشْتَرِهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهَا بَيِّنَةٌ".

Hadith.3824 - Hamzah ibn Humran narrates: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): I enter the market intending to buy a bondwoman, but she claims that she is free. The Imam (as) replied: "Buy her unless she has evidence (to prove her claim of freedom)."

3825 - وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْعِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ : عَنْ مَمْلُوكٍ اِدَّعَى أَنَّهُ حُرٌّ وَ لَمْ يَأْتِ بِبَيِّنَةٍ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَشْتَرِيهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.3825 - Al-Is ibn al-Qasim asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a slave who claimed that he was free but did not provide any evidence for his claim. The Imam (as) replied: "Yes, you may buy him."

3826 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي وَلِيدَةٍ بَاعَهَا اِبْنُ سَيِّدِهَا وَ أَبُوهُ غَائِبٌ فَتَسَرَّاهَا اَلَّذِي اِشْتَرَاهَا فَوَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ غُلاَماً ثُمَّ جَاءَ سَيِّدُهَا اَلْأَوَّلُ يُخَاصِمُ سَيِّدَهَا اَلْآخَرَ فَقَالَ وَلِيدَتِي بَاعَهَا اِبْنِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي قَالَ "اَلْحُكْمُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ وَلِيدَتَهُ وَ اِبْنَهَا" فَيُنَاشِدَهُ اَلَّذِي اِشْتَرَاهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ "خُذِ اِبْنَهُ اَلَّذِي بَاعَكَ وَ تَقُولُ لاَ وَ اَللَّهِ لاَ أُرْسِلُ اِبْنَكَ حَتَّى تُرْسِلَ اِبْنِي" فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ سَيِّدُ اَلْوَلِيدَةِ أَجَازَ بَيْعَ اِبْنِهِ ".

Hadith.3826 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said: "Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning a female slave who was sold by the son of her master while her master was absent. The buyer took her as a concubine, and she bore him a son. Later, her original master returned and disputed with the buyer, claiming: 'She is my slave, and my son sold her without my permission.' The Imam (as) said: 'The ruling is that the master may reclaim both his female slave and her son.' The buyer pleaded with him, saying: 'Take your son who sold her to me, but I will not release your son until you release mine.' When the master of the female slave saw this, he accepted and approved the sale conducted by his son."

3827 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اِبْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْغُلاَمَ أَوِ اَلْجَارِيَةَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ أَوْ أُخْتٌ أَوْ أَبٌ أَوْ أُمٌّ بِمِصْرٍ مِنَ اَلْأَمْصَارِ قَالَ "لاَ يُخْرِجُهُ مِنْ مِصْرٍ إِلَى مِصْرٍ آخَرَ إِنْ كَانَ صَغِيراً وَ لاَ يَشْتَرِيهِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُمٌّ فَطَابَتْ نَفْسُهَا وَ نَفْسُهُ فَاشْتَرِهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ".

Hadith.3827 - Ibn Sinan narrated that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Regarding a man who buys a male or female slave, and the slave has a brother, sister, father, or mother in one of the cities, he should not take the slave out of that city to another city if the slave is young, nor should he buy him. However, if the slave has a mother and both she and the slave are content with the sale, then he may buy the slave if he wishes."

3828 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْجَوْزِ لاَ نَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ نَعُدَّهُ فَيُكَالُ بِمِكْيَالٍ ثُمَّ يُعَدُّ مَا فِيهِ ثُمَّ يُكَالُ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى حِسَابِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اَلْعَدَدِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3828 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as): He was asked about walnuts that cannot be counted individually, so they are measured with a container and then counted based on the amount in that container. Afterward, the remaining quantity is measured according to that count. Imam (as) said: "There is no problem with that."

3829 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلاً فَلاَ يَصْلُحُ بَيْعُهُ مُجَازَفَةً هَذَا مِمَّا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ بَيْعِ اَلطَّعَامِ".

Hadith.3829 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "Any food for which a specific measure has been stated cannot be sold by estimation. This is among the practices that are disliked in selling food."

3830 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْمَبِيعَ بِالدِّرْهَمِ وَ هُوَ يَنْقُصُ اَلْحَبَّةَ وَ نَحْوَ ذَلِكَ أَ يُعْطِيهِ اَلَّذِي يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ وَ لاَ يُعْلِمُهُ أَنَّهُ يَنْقُصُ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِثْلَ هَذِهِ اَلْوَضَاحِيَّةِ يَجُوزُ، كَمَا يَجُوزُ عِنْدَنَا عَدَداً".

Hadith.3830 - Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "I asked Imam (as) about a man who purchases a commodity with a dirham, and the dirham is deficient by a fraction, such as a grain or the like. Should he give it to the seller without informing him that it is deficient?" Imam (as) said: 'No, unless it is something like these small coins (al-wadaḥiyyah), which are commonly accepted, just as we accept them by count.'"

3831 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَللَّبَنِ يُشْتَرَى وَ هُوَ فِي اَلضُّرُوعِ فَقَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَحْلُبَ لَكَ مِنْهُ سُكُرُّجَةً فَتَقُولُ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذَا اَللَّبَنَ اَلَّذِي فِي اَلسُّكُرُّجَةِ وَ مَا فِي ضُرُوعِهَا بِثَمَنٍ مُسَمًّى فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي اَلضُّرُوعِ شَيْءٌ كَانَ فِيمَا فِي اَلسُّكُرُّجَةِ".

Hadith.3831 - Samaah asked him about purchasing milk while it is still in the udders. Imam (as) said: "No, unless he milks some of it into a small vessel (sukurjah) for you, and then you say, 'I purchase from you this milk that is in the vessel and what is in its udders for a specified price.' If there is nothing in the udders, then the sale applies to what is in the vessel."

3832 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ اَلْفَضْلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَتَقَبَّلُ خَرَاجَ اَلرِّجَالِ وَ جِزْيَةَ رُءُوسِهِمْ وَ خَرَاجَ اَلنَّخْلِ وَ اَلشَّجَرِ وَ اَلْآجَامِ وَ اَلْمَصَايِدِ وَ اَلسَّمَكِ وَ اَلطَّيْرِ وَ هُوَ لاَ يَدْرِي لَعَلَّ هَذَا لاَ يَكُونُ أَبَداً أَوْ يَكُونُ أَ يَشْتَرِيهِ وَ فِي أَيِّ زَمَانٍ يَشْتَرِيهِ وَ يَتَقَبَّلُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً وَاحِداً قَدْ أَدْرَكَ فَاشْتَرِهِ وَ تَقَبَّلْ بِهِ".

Hadith.3832 - Aban narrated from Ismail ibn al-Fadl, who reported from Abu Abdillah (as): I asked him about a man who accepts responsibility for the payment of poll tax (jizyah) for individuals, the land tax (kharaj) for palm trees, crops, forests, hunting grounds, fish, and birds, while he does not know whether any of these will produce revenue or not. Can he purchase and accept responsibility for it, and at what time should he make such a purchase and agreement? Imam (as) said: "If you know that at least one of these sources will yield income, then you may purchase and accept responsibility for it."

3833 - وَ رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلْعَبْدَ وَ هُوَ آبِقٌ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مَعَهُ شَيْئاً آخَرَ وَ يَقُولَ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذَا اَلشَّيْءَ وَ عَبْدَكَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى اَلْعَبْدِ كَانَ اَلثَّمَنُ اَلَّذِي نَقَدَهُ فِيمَا اِشْتَرَى مِنْهُ".

Hadith.3833 - Zur'ah narrated from Sama'ah, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding a man who purchases a slave while the slave has run away from his owner. Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible for him unless he purchases something else along with him and says, 'I purchase from you this item and your slave for such and such amount.' If he is unable to obtain the slave, then the payment he made will apply to what he has purchased from him."

3834 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ أَحْمَالٌ بِكَيْلٍ مُسَمًّى فَبَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِأَحْمَالٍ مِنْهَا أَقَلُّ مِنَ اَلْكَيْلِ اَلَّذِي لِي عَلَيْهِ فَآخُذُهَا مُجَازَفَةً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى اَلْآخَرِ مِائَةُ كُرٍّ تَمْراً وَ لَهُ نَخْلٌ فَيَأْتِيهِ فَيَقُولُ أَعْطِنِي نَخْلَكَ هَذَا بِمَا عَلَيْكَ فَكَأَنَّهُ كَرِهَهُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلَيْنِ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا اَلنَّخْلُ فَيَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ اِخْتَرْ إِمَّا أَنْ تَأْخُذَ هَذَا اَلنَّخْلَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا كَيْلاً مُسَمًّى وَ تُعْطِيَنِي نِصْفَ هَذَا اَلْكَيْلِ زَادَ أَوْ نَقَصَ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ آخُذَهُ أَنَا بِذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3834 - Yaqub ibn Shuayb narrated: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who owes me loads of goods measured by a specific scale, but he sends me loads that are less than the specified measurement I am owed. Can I take them without measuring precisely (mujazafah)? Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." He said: I also asked Imam (as) about a man who owes another person a hundred kur of dates and owns date palms. He comes to him and says, "Give me these date palms in place of what you owe me." It was as if Imam (as) disliked it. He said: I asked Imam (as) about two men who jointly own date palms, and one of them says to the other, "Choose, either you take this date palm for such and such a specified measure and give me half of this measure, whether it increases or decreases, or I will take it under the same terms." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3835 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى تِبْنَ بَيْدَرٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدَاسَ تِبْنَ كُلِّ كُرٍّ بِشَيْءٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَيَأْخُذُ اَلتِّبْنَ وَ يَبِيعُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَالَ اَلطَّعَامُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3835 - Jameel narrated from Zurara who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who purchased straw from a threshing floor before it was threshed, each load of straw for a specified amount, and he took the straw and sold it before the grain was measured. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3836 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَشْتَرِي مِائَةَ رَاوِيَةٍ مِنْ زَيْتٍ وَ أَعْتَرِضُ رَاوِيَةً أَوِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ أَتَّزِنُهُمَا ثُمَّ آخُذُ سَائِرَهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.3836 - It is narrated from Abdul-Malik bin Amr who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I purchase one hundred containers of oil, and I inspect one or two containers and weigh them, then take the rest based on that measurement." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

3837 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ اَلدَّيْنُ وَ مَعَهُ رَهْنٌ أَ يَشْتَرِيهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ".

Hadith.3837 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who has a debt and holds collateral along with it, can he purchase it? Imam (as) said: "Yes."

3838 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلاً فَلاَ يَصْلُحُ مُجَازَفَةً".

Hadith.3838 - Ibn Muskan narrated from Al-Halabi who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Any food for which a specific measure has been stipulated cannot be sold without measurement."

3839 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : كَانَ مَعِي جِرَابَانِ مِنْ مِسْكٍ أَحَدُهُمَا رَطْبٌ وَ اَلْآخَرُ يَابِسٌ فَبَدَأْتُ بِالرَّطْبِ فَبِعْتُهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ اَلْيَابِسَ أَبِيعُهُ فَإِذَا أَنَا لاَ أُعْطَى بِالْيَابِسِ اَلثَّمَنَ اَلَّذِي يَسْوَى وَ لاَ يَزِيدُونِّي عَلَى ثَمَنِ اَلرَّطْبِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ أَ يَصْلُحُ لِي أَنْ أُنَدِّيَهُ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُعْلِمَهُمْ" قَالَ فَنَدَّيْتُهُ ثُمَّ أَعْلَمْتُهُمْ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا أَعْلَمْتَهُمْ".

Hadith.3839 - It is narrated from Dawood bin Sirhan, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: I had two sacks of musk-one was moist, and the other was dry. I started with the moist one and sold it. Then I took the dry one to sell, but I found that I was not offered the price it was worth, and they would not pay me more than the price of the moist musk. So I asked Imam (as) about that, whether it was permissible for me to mix them. Imam (as) said: "No, unless you inform them." He said: "So I mixed them and then informed them." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if you inform them."

3840 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ وَلَدِ اَلزِّنَا أَ يُبَاعُ وَ يُشْتَرَى وَ يُسْتَخْدَمُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ " قُلْتُ فَيُسْتَنْكَحُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ لاَ تَطْلُبُ وَلَدَهَا ".

Hadith.3840 - It is narrated from Abdullah bin Sinan who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a child born out of wedlock, can he be sold, purchased, and employed as a servant? Imam (as) said: "Yes." I said: "Can he be married?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, but do not seek her offspring."

3841 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنْ شِرَاءِ اَلْخِيَانَةِ وَ اَلسَّرِقَةِ قَالَ "إِذَا عَرَفْتَ أَنَّهُ كَذَلِكَ فَلاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَيْئاً تَشْتَرِيهِ مِنَ اَلْعُمَّالِ".

Hadith.3841 - Sama'ah asked him about purchasing stolen or embezzled goods. Imam (as) said: "If you know that it is so, then no, unless it is something you are buying from the authorities."

3842 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمُضَارَبَةِ يُعْطَى اَلرَّجُلُ اَلْمَالَ فَيَخْرُجُ بِهِ إِلَى أَرْضٍ وَ يُنْهَى أَنْ يَخْرُجَ بِهِ إِلَى أَرْضٍ غَيْرِهَا فَعَصَى وَ خَرَجَ إِلَى أَرْضٍ أُخْرَى فَعَطِبَ اَلْمَالُ فَقَالَ "هُوَ ضَامِنٌ وَ إِنْ سَلِمَ وَ رَبِحَ فَالرِّبْحُ بَيْنَهُمَا ".

Hadith.3842 - Muhammad bin Al-Fudayl narrated from Abu Al-Sabbah Al-Kinani who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a partnership in which a man is given wealth and instructed to take it to a specific land, but he disobeys and takes it to another land, and the wealth is lost. Imam (as) said: "He is liable. However, if it is safe and profits are made, then the profit is to be shared between them."

3843 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَنْ ضَمَّنَ تَاجِراً فَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلاَّ رَأْسُ اَلْمَالِ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِنَ اَلرِّبْحِ شَيْءٌ".

Hadith.3843 - Muhammad bin Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever guarantees a trader is entitled only to the principal amount and has no share in the profit."

3844 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ مُضَارَبَةً فَاشْتَرَى أَبَاهُ وَ هُوَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ قَالَ "يُقَوَّمُ فَإِنْ زَادَ دِرْهَماً وَاحِداً أُعْتِقَ وَ اُسْتُسْعِيَ فِي مَالِ اَلرَّجُلِ ".

Hadith.3844 - It is narrated from Muhammad bin Qays who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man gave another man one thousand dirhams in a partnership, and he unknowingly purchased his father with it." Imam (as) said: "He should be valued, and if his value exceeds by even one dirham, he shall be freed and shall work to repay the man's wealth."

3845 - وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ لَهُ مَالٌ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَيَتَقَاضَاهُ وَ لاَ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ مَا يَقْضِيهِ فَيَقُولُ هُوَ عِنْدَكَ مُضَارَبَةً قَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ مِنْهُ ".

Hadith.3845 - Al-Sakooni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), from his forefathers (peace be upon them) who said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said regarding a man who is owed money by another man and demands repayment, but the debtor does not have the means to repay and says, "Consider it as a partnership investment with you." Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible until he first takes possession of it from him."

3846 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "اَلْمُضَارِبُ مَا أَنْفَقَ فِي سَفَرِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمْعِ اَلْمَالِ فَإِذَا قَدِمَ بَلْدَتَهُ فَمَا أَنْفَقَ فَهُوَ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ".

Hadith.3846 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whatever the partner spends during his travel is taken from the joint capital. However, when he returns to his town, whatever he spends is from his own share."

3847 - وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "مَنْ يَمُوتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ مَالُ اَلْمُضَارَبَةِ إِنَّهُ إِنْ سَمَّاهُ بِعَيْنِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ فَقَالَ هَذَا لِفُلاَنٍ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ مَاتَ وَ لَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ فَهُوَ أُسْوَةُ اَلْغُرَمَاءِ ".

Hadith.3847 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) used to say: "Whoever dies while holding partnership capital, if he specifies it before his death and says, 'This belongs to so-and-so,' then it is his. However, if he dies without mentioning it, it will be treated like the property of other creditors."

3848 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلَيْنِ اِشْتَرَكَا فِي مَالٍ فَرَبِحَا رِبْحاً وَ كَانَ مِنَ اَلْمَالِ دَيْنٌ وَ عَيْنٌ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ أَعْطِنِي رَأْسَ اَلْمَالِ وَ اَلرِّبْحُ لَكَ وَ مَا تَوِيَ فَعَلَيَّ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا اِشْتَرَطَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ شَرْطاً يُخَالِفُ كِتَابَ اَللَّهِ رُدَّ إِلَى كِتَابِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".

Hadith.3848 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding two men who entered into partnership with wealth, made a profit, and the wealth included both debt and cash. One of them said to the other, "Give me the principal amount, and the profit will be yours, and any loss will be my responsibility." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it if they agree to this condition, but if the condition contradicts the Book of Allah (swt), it must be referred back to the Book of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious."

3849 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يُشَارِكَ اَلذِّمِّيَّ وَ لاَ يُبْضِعَهُ بِضَاعَةً وَ لاَ يُودِعَهُ وَدِيعَةً وَ لاَ يُصَافِيَهُ اَلْمَوَدَّةَ ".

Hadith.3849 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali bin Ri'ab who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (as) say, "It is not proper for any of you to enter into a partnership with a Dhimmi, nor to entrust him with goods, nor to deposit a trust with him, nor to establish a close friendship with him."

3850 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ اَلْغَنَمُ يَحْلُبُهَا لَهَا أَلْبَانٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مَا تَقُولُ فِي شِرَاءِ اَلْخَمْسِمِائَةِ رِطْلٍ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا دِرْهَماً يَأْخُذُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِنْهُ أَرْطَالاً حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَ مَا يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَذَا وَ نَحْوِهِ".

Hadith.3850 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Abu Wallad who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who owns sheep that produce a large quantity of milk every day. What do you say about purchasing five hundred ritls of milk for a specified amount of dirhams, taking a certain amount from it each day until he fulfills what he purchased? Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in this and similar transactions."

3851 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ اَلنَّخَّاسِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ سَاوَمْتُ رَجُلاً بِجَارِيَةٍ فَبَاعَنِيهَا بِحُكْمِي فَقَبَضْتُهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ هَذِهِ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ عَلَى حُكْمِي عَلَيْكَ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَقْبَلَهَا مِنِّي وَ قَدْ كُنْتُ مَسِسْتُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ أَبْعَثَ إِلَيْهِ بِالثَّمَنِ فَقَالَ "أَرَى أَنْ تُقَوَّمَ اَلْجَارِيَةُ قِيمَةً عَادِلَةً فَإِنْ كَانَ ثَمَنُهَا أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا بَعَثْتَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ كَانَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا نَقَصَ مِنَ اَلْقِيمَةِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ ثَمَنُهَا أَقَلَّ مِمَّا بَعَثْتَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ فَهُوَ لَهُ " قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بِهَا عَيْباً بَعْدَ مَا مَسِسْتُهَا قَالَ "لَيْسَ لَكَ أَنْ تَرُدَّهَا وَ لَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ قِيمَةَ مَا بَيْنَ اَلصِّحَّةِ وَ اَلْعَيْبِ مِنْهُ".

Hadith.3851 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Rifa'ah Al-Nakhas who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "I bargained with a man over a bondwoman, and he sold her to me based on my judgment. I took possession of her on that basis, then I sent him one thousand dirhams and said to him, 'Here are one thousand dirhams based on my judgment over you.' But he refused to accept them from me, and I had already touched her before sending him the payment." Imam (as) said: "I see that the bondwoman should be appraised at a fair value. If her value is more than what you sent him, then you must pay him the difference. However, if her value is less than what you sent him, then the surplus belongs to him." I said: "May I be your ransom, what if I find a defect in her after having touched her?" Imam (as) said: "You do not have the right to return her, but you are entitled to claim the difference between her value when healthy and her value with the defect from him."

3852 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : اِشْتَرَيْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جَارِيَةً فَلَمَّا ذَهَبْتُ أَنْقُدُهُمْ قُلْتُ أَسْتَحِطُّهُمْ قَالَ "لاَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ نَهَى عَنِ اَلاِسْتِحْطَاطِ بَعْدَ اَلصَّفْقَةِ".

Hadith.3852 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Ibrahim bin Ziyad Al-Karkhi who said: I purchased a bondwoman for Abu Abdillah (as). When I was about to pay them, I said: "I will try to get a discount from them." Imam (as) said: "No, indeed the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) forbade seeking a discount after the deal has been concluded."

3853 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ اَلْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ أَصْوَافَ مِائَةِ نَعْجَةٍ وَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهَا مِنْ حَمْلٍ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا دِرْهَماً فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي بُطُونِهَا حَمْلٌ كَانَ رَأْسُ مَالِهِ فِي اَلصُّوفِ".

Hadith.3853 - Ibn Mahbub narrated from Ibrahim Al-Karkhi who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "What do you say about a man who buys the wool of one hundred sheep and what is in their wombs in terms of pregnancy for such-and-such amount of dirhams?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that. If there is no pregnancy in their wombs, then his capital is in the wool."

3854 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ زَيْدٍ اَلشَّحَّامِ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي سِهَامَ اَلْقَصَّابِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ اَلسَّهْمُ قَالَ "إِنِ اِشْتَرَى سَهْماً فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِذَا خَرَجَ".

Hadith.3854 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Zayd Al-Shahham who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who purchases shares from butchers before the shares are distributed. Imam (as) said: "If he purchases a share, then he has the option to accept or reject it when it is distributed."

3855 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ يَهَبُ لِعَبْدِهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ فَيَقُولُ حَلِّلْنِي مِنْ ضَرْبِي إِيَّاكَ أَوْ مِنْ كُلِّ مَا كَانَ مِنِّي إِلَيْكَ أَوْ مِمَّا أَخَفْتُكَ وَ أَرْهَبْتُكَ فَيُحَلِّلُهُ وَ يَجْعَلُهُ فِي حِلٍّ رَغْبَةً فِيمَا أَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلْمَوْلَى بَعْدُ أَصَابَ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ اَلَّتِي أَعْطَاهُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ قَدْ وَضَعَهَا فِيهِ اَلْعَبْدُ فَأَخَذَهَا اَلْمَوْلَى أَ حَلاَلٌ هِيَ لَهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ" فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ اَلْعَبْدُ وَ مَالُهُ لِمَوْلاَهُ قَالَ "لَيْسَ هَذَا ذَاكَ " ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "قُلْ لَهُ فَلْيَرُدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ فَإِنَّهُ اِفْتَدَى بِهَا نَفْسَهُ مِنَ اَلْعَبْدِ مَخَافَةَ اَلْعُقُوبَةِ وَ اَلْقِصَاصِ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ " فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَعَلَى اَلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يُزَكِّيَهَا إِذَا حَالَ عَلَيْهَا اَلْحَوْلُ قَالَ "لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ لَهُ بِهَا وَ لاَ يُعْطَى اَلْعَبْدُ مِنَ اَلزَّكَاةِ شَيْئاً".

Hadith.3855 - Al-Hasan bin Mahbub narrated from Ishaq bin Ammar who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "What do you say about a man who gifts his slave one thousand dirhams, or more or less, and says to him, 'Release me from my beating you, or from everything I have done to you, or from the fear and intimidation I caused you?' So the slave releases him and declares him free from blame, desiring what he has been given. Then, later, the master finds the dirhams that he gave the slave in a place where the slave had kept them and takes them. Is it lawful for him?" Imam (as) said: "No." I said: "Is not the slave and his wealth the property of his master?" Imam (as) said: "This is not one of those cases." Then Imam (as) said: "Tell him to return the money to the slave, for it is not lawful for him. He gave it to the slave as a ransom for himself to avoid punishment and retribution on the Day of Judgment." I said: "Does the slave have to pay zakat on it if a year passes over it?" Imam (as) said: "No, unless he invests it in trade. And a slave is not given anything from zakat."

3856 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَشْتَرِي مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْبَيْعَ فَيَسْتَوْهِبُهُ بَعْدَ اَلشِّرَاءِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَحْمِلَهُ عَلَى اَلْكُرْهِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ".

Hadith.3856 - It is narrated from Yunus bin Ya'qub who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man purchases goods from another man and then asks for them as a gift after the purchase, without compelling him." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

3857 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ زَيْدٍ اَلشَّحَّامِ قَالَ : أَتَيْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِجَارِيَةٍ أَعْرِضُهَا عَلَيْهِ فَجَعَلَ يُسَاوِمُنِي وَ أَنَا أُسَاوِمُهُ ثُمَّ بِعْتُهَا إِيَّاهُ فَضَمِنَ عَلَى يَدِي، فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّمَا سَاوَمْتُكَ لِأَنْظُرَ اَلْمُسَاوَمَةُ تَنْبَغِي أَوْ لاَ تَنْبَغِي فَقُلْتُ قَدْ حَطَطْتُ عَنْكَ عَشَرَةَ دَنَانِيرَ قَالَ "هَيْهَاتَ أَ لاَّ كَانَ هَذَا قَبْلَ اَلضَّمَّةِ أَ مَا بَلَغَكَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "اَلْوَضِيعَةُ بَعْدَ اَلضَّمَّةِ حَرَامٌ" ".

Hadith.3857 - It is narrated from Zayd Al-Shahham who said: I brought a bondwoman to Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) to offer her for sale. Imam (as) began to bargain with me, and I bargained with Him (as), and then I sold her to Him (as). He (as) finalized the deal by taking possession through my hand. I said: "May I be your ransom, I was only bargaining with you (as) to see whether bargaining is permissible or not. I then said: 'I have reduced the price for you by ten dinars.'" Imam (as) said: "Far from it! Should this not have been done before finalizing the deal? Have you not heard the saying of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): 'Reducing the price after finalization is forbidden?'"

3858 - وَ رَوَى رَوْحٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "تِسْعَةُ أَعْشَارِ اَلرِّزْقِ فِي اَلتِّجَارَةِ ".

Hadith.3858 - Rawh narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) who said: "Nine-tenths of sustenance is in trade."

3859 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ سَمُرَةَ اِبْنَ جُنْدَبٍ كَانَ لَهُ عَذْقٌ فِي حَائِطِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ اَلْأَنْصَارِ وَ كَانَ مَنْزِلُ اَلْأَنْصَارِيِّ فِيهِ اَلطَّرِيقُ إِلَى اَلْحَائِطِ فَكَانَ يَأْتِيهِ فَيَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لاَ يَسْتَأْذِنُ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ تَجِيءُ وَ تَدْخُلُ وَ نَحْنُ فِي حَالٍ نَكْرَهُ أَنْ تَرَانَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا جِئْتَ فَاسْتَأْذِنْ حَتَّى نَتَحَرَّزَ ثُمَّ نَأْذَنَ لَكَ وَ تَدْخُلَ قَالَ لاَ أَفْعَلُ هُوَ مَالِي أَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لاَ أَسْتَأْذِنُ فَأَتَى اَلْأَنْصَارِيُّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ وَ أَخْبَرَهُ فَبَعَثَ إِلَى سَمُرَةَ فَجَاءَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ "اِسْتَأْذِنْ عَلَيْهِ" فَأَبَى وَ قَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ لِلْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ مِنْهُ بِالثَّمَنِ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِ وَ جَعَلَ يَزِيدُهُ فَيَأْبَى أَنْ يَبِيعَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ لَهُ "لَكَ عَذْقٌ فِي اَلْجَنَّةِ " فَأَبَى أَنْ يَقْبَلَ ذَلِكَ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلْأَنْصَارِيَّ أَنْ يَقْلَعَ اَلنَّخْلَةَ فَيُلْقِيَهَا إِلَيْهِ وَ قَالَ "لاَ ضَرَرَ وَ لاَ إِضْرَارَ".

Hadith.3859 - Ibn Bukayr narrated from Zurara, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: Samurah ibn Jundab had a date-palm tree in the garden of a man from the Ansar, and the house of the Ansari had the pathway leading to the garden. Samurah would come and enter without seeking permission. The Ansari said to him: "You come and enter while we are in a state that we dislike you seeing us in. When you come, seek permission so that we may prepare ourselves, and then we will permit you to enter." Samurah replied: "I will not do so. It is my property, and I will enter it without seeking permission." The Ansari then went to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and complained to him and informed him of the situation. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) sent for Samurah, and he came. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said to him: "Seek permission before entering." Samurah refused and said the same as he had said to the Ansari. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) offered to buy the tree from him for a price, but he refused. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) kept increasing the offer, but Samurah refused to sell. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw this, He (sw) said to him: "You will have a date-palm tree in Paradise." Yet Samurah refused to accept this as well. Then the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) ordered the Ansari to uproot the tree and throw it to him and said: "There should be no harm and no causing of harm."

3860 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَدْفَعُ اَلطَّعَامَ إِلَى اَلطَّحَّانِ فَيُقَاطِعُهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَ صَاحِبَهُ لِكُلِّ عَشَرَةِ أَمْنَانٍ عَشَرَةَ أَمْنَانِ دَقِيقٍ قَالَ "لاَ" فَقُلْتُ فَرَجُلٌ يَدْفَعُ اَلسِّمْسِمَ إِلَى اَلْعَصَّارِ فَيَضْمَنُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ صَاعٍ أَرْطَالاً مُسَمَّاةً فَقَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.3860 - Al-Ala' narrated from Muhammad bin Muslim, from one of the imams (peace be upon them), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who gives grain to a miller and agrees with him to receive ten measures of flour for every ten measures of grain. Imam (as) said: "No." I then asked: "What about a man who gives sesame seeds to an oil presser and guarantees to receive a specified amount of oil for each measure?" Imam (as) said: "No."