52:1وَٱلطُّورِ
By the Mount [Sinai],
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:1
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:1]
The adjuration is by five things to assert the certainty of future events in the most emphatic terms in verse 7 to 28-the coming of judgement and the passing away of this phenomenal world; the future ill consequences of ill deeds; and the future attainment of bliss and complete realisation of Allah's grace and mercy as recompense for good deeds.
Tur, the mountain of Sinai, stands for all that which happened during the ministry of Musa.
The book inscribed, according to Aqa Mahdi Puya, neither refers to the Tawrat nor to any other revealed book, but to that book which is preserved in lawh mahfuz (the secured tablet), unfolded by revelation to the Holy Prophet for the guidance of mankind in all ages.
Baytil ma-mur, (the much frequented house), according to Aqa Mahdi Puya, does not refer to any terrestrial sacred place of worship. "It refers to the place of worship in the heaven", Imam Ali said, "which is visited every day by thousands of angels around which they circuit and pray and then never come back again." It implies constant increase in the realm of creation.
"The roof elevated" is the canopy of heaven, to whose height or sublimity no limit can be assigned by the mind of man. The nebular ocean refers to the beyond physical expanse. Except Tur all abovenoted signs or things are celestial.
52:2وَكِتَٰبٖ مَّسۡطُورٖ
by the Book inscribed
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:2
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:2] (see commentary for verse 1)
52:3فِي رَقّٖ مَّنشُورٖ
on an unrolled parchment;
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:3
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:3] (see commentary for verse 1)
52:4وَٱلۡبَيۡتِ ٱلۡمَعۡمُورِ
by the House greatly frequented;
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:4
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:4] (see commentary for verse 1)
52:5وَٱلسَّقۡفِ ٱلۡمَرۡفُوعِ
by the vault raised high,
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:5
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:5] (see commentary for verse 1)
52:6وَٱلۡبَحۡرِ ٱلۡمَسۡجُورِ
by the surging sea:
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:6
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:6] (see commentary for verse 1)
52:7إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّكَ لَوَٰقِعٞ
indeed your Lord’s punishment will surely befall.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:7
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:7]
Verses 7 to 10 refer to the coming of judgement and passing away of this phenomenal world.
52:8مَّا لَهُۥ مِن دَافِعٖ
There is none who can avert it.
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:8
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:8] (see commentary for verse 7)
52:9يَوۡمَ تَمُورُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ مَوۡرٗا
On the day when the sky whirls violently,
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 52:9
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:9] (see commentary for verse 7)
52:10وَتَسِيرُ ٱلۡجِبَالُ سَيۡرٗا
and the mountains move with an awful motion:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:10] (see commentary for verse 7)
52:11فَوَيۡلٞ يَوۡمَئِذٖ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ
woe to the deniers on that day
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:11] The day of reckoning will be a day of woe to the unjust who belied the signs of Allah, just as it will be a day of joy and bliss to the righteous believers. Every evil thought or deed has its own retributive and punishable chain of consequences. Whatever is done in this life is a preparation for the hereafter, which the disbelievers will find a reality after the day of judgement, not a farce. They did not take notice of the signs of Allah nor paid attention to the warnings the messengers of Allah gave them, so there will be no time for repentance. They will roast in hell, whether they endure it or not.
52:12ٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ فِي خَوۡضٖ يَلۡعَبُونَ
—those who play around in vain talk,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:12] (see commentary for verse 11)
52:13يَوۡمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَىٰ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا
the day when they will be shoved forcibly toward the fire of hell, [and told:]
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:13] (see commentary for verse 11)
52:14هَٰذِهِ ٱلنَّارُ ٱلَّتِي كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ
‘This is the Fire which you used to deny!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:14] (see commentary for verse 11)
52:15أَفَسِحۡرٌ هَٰذَآ أَمۡ أَنتُمۡ لَا تُبۡصِرُونَ
Is this, then, [also] magic, or is it you who do not perceive?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:15] (see commentary for verse 11)
52:16ٱصۡلَوۡهَا فَٱصۡبِرُوٓاْ أَوۡ لَا تَصۡبِرُواْ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيۡكُمۡۖ إِنَّمَا تُجۡزَوۡنَ مَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ
Enter it, and it will be the same for you whether you are patient or impatient. You are only being requited for what you used to do.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:16] (see commentary for verse 11)
52:17إِنَّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّـٰتٖ وَنَعِيمٖ
Indeed the Godwary will be amid gardens and bliss,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:17]
The righteous believers will be in the land of eternal bliss. By their own effort and striving they won Allah's grace and mercy.
Everyone, as an individual, will have full satisfaction (in whatever he or she does) dignity and joy of companionship. Every one will be purified but will not be merged into one sameness. There will be a general social satisfaction shared with all whom they loved in this earthly life, all near and dear ones, provided they had believed and done good deeds, because each individual is responsible for his conduct and none shall bear another's burden, as stressed in Baqarah: 48, 123, 254; An-am: 165; Bani Israil: 15; Fatir: 18; Zumar: 7 and Najm: 38.
Relationship of this life has no value in the hereafter unless it is sanctioned by the ties of true faith.
52:18فَٰكِهِينَ بِمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ وَوَقَىٰهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ عَذَابَ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ
rejoicing because of what their Lord has given them, and that their Lord has saved them from the punishment of hell.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:18] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:19كُلُواْ وَٱشۡرَبُواْ هَنِيٓـَٔۢا بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ
[They will be told:] ‘Enjoy your food and drink, [as a reward] for what you used to do.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:19] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:20مُتَّكِـِٔينَ عَلَىٰ سُرُرٖ مَّصۡفُوفَةٖۖ وَزَوَّجۡنَٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينٖ
They will be reclining on arrayed couches, and We will wed them to big-eyed houris.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:20] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:21وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱتَّبَعَتۡهُمۡ ذُرِّيَّتُهُم بِإِيمَٰنٍ أَلۡحَقۡنَا بِهِمۡ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمۡ وَمَآ أَلَتۡنَٰهُم مِّنۡ عَمَلِهِم مِّن شَيۡءٖۚ كُلُّ ٱمۡرِيِٕۭ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَهِينٞ
The faithful and their descendants who followed them in faith—We will make their descendants join them, and We will not stint anything from [the reward of] their deeds. Every person is hostage to what he has earned.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:21] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:22وَأَمۡدَدۡنَٰهُم بِفَٰكِهَةٖ وَلَحۡمٖ مِّمَّا يَشۡتَهُونَ
We will provide them with fruits and meat, such as they desire.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:22] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:23يَتَنَٰزَعُونَ فِيهَا كَأۡسٗا لَّا لَغۡوٞ فِيهَا وَلَا تَأۡثِيمٞ
There they will pass from hand to hand a cup wherein there will be neither any vain talk nor sinful speech.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:23] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:24۞وَيَطُوفُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ غِلۡمَانٞ لَّهُمۡ كَأَنَّهُمۡ لُؤۡلُؤٞ مَّكۡنُونٞ
They will be waited upon by their youths, as if they were guarded pearls.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:24] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:25وَأَقۡبَلَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ
They will turn to one another, questioning each other.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:25] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:26قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا كُنَّا قَبۡلُ فِيٓ أَهۡلِنَا مُشۡفِقِينَ
They will say, ‘Indeed, aforetime, we used to be apprehensive about our families.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:26] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:27فَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡنَا وَوَقَىٰنَا عَذَابَ ٱلسَّمُومِ
But Allah showed us favour and He saved us from the punishment of the [infernal] miasma.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:27] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:28إِنَّا كُنَّا مِن قَبۡلُ نَدۡعُوهُۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡبَرُّ ٱلرَّحِيمُ
We used to supplicate Him aforetime. Indeed He is the All-benign, the All-merciful.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:28] (see commentary for verse 17)
52:29فَذَكِّرۡ فَمَآ أَنتَ بِنِعۡمَتِ رَبِّكَ بِكَاهِنٖ وَلَا مَجۡنُونٍ
So admonish. By your Lord’s blessing, you are not a soothsayer, nor mad.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:29]
52:30أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ شَاعِرٞ نَّتَرَبَّصُ بِهِۦ رَيۡبَ ٱلۡمَنُونِ
Do they say, ‘[He is] a poet, for whom we await a fatal accident’?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:30]
52:31قُلۡ تَرَبَّصُواْ فَإِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُتَرَبِّصِينَ
Say, ‘Wait! I too am waiting along with you.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:31]
Refer to Bara-at: 52.
52:32أَمۡ تَأۡمُرُهُمۡ أَحۡلَٰمُهُم بِهَٰذَآۚ أَمۡ هُمۡ قَوۡمٞ طَاغُونَ
Is it their intellect which prompts them to [say] this, or are they a rebellious lot?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:32]
52:33أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ تَقَوَّلَهُۥۚ بَل لَّا يُؤۡمِنُونَ
Do they say, ‘He has improvised it [himself]?’ Rather, they have no faith!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:33]
52:34فَلۡيَأۡتُواْ بِحَدِيثٖ مِّثۡلِهِۦٓ إِن كَانُواْ صَٰدِقِينَ
Let them bring a discourse like it, if they are truthful.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:34]
Refer to commentary of Baqarah : 23; Yunus: 38; Hud: 13; Bani Israil: 88 and (vi) on page iv.
52:35أَمۡ خُلِقُواْ مِنۡ غَيۡرِ شَيۡءٍ أَمۡ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰلِقُونَ
Were they created from nothing? Or are they [their own] creators?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:35]
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
This verse refers to the fundamental rule of all sciences that there is no effect if there is no cause. Nothing can come into being out of nothing or by itself.
52:36أَمۡ خَلَقُواْ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَۚ بَل لَّا يُوقِنُونَ
Did they create the heavens and the earth? Rather, they have no certainty!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:36]
52:37أَمۡ عِندَهُمۡ خَزَآئِنُ رَبِّكَ أَمۡ هُمُ ٱلۡمُصَۜيۡطِرُونَ
Do they possess the treasuries of your Lord? Or do they control [them]?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:37]
Refer to An-am: 50.
52:38أَمۡ لَهُمۡ سُلَّمٞ يَسۡتَمِعُونَ فِيهِۖ فَلۡيَأۡتِ مُسۡتَمِعُهُم بِسُلۡطَٰنٖ مُّبِينٍ
Do they have a ladder [leading up to heaven] whereby they eavesdrop? If so, let their eavesdropper produce a manifest authority.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:38]
Refer to An-am: 35; Hijr: 17 and 18; Safat: 8 to 10.
52:39أَمۡ لَهُ ٱلۡبَنَٰتُ وَلَكُمُ ٱلۡبَنُونَ
Does He have daughters while you have sons?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:39]
Refer to Nahl: 57 to 59.
52:40أَمۡ تَسۡـَٔلُهُمۡ أَجۡرٗا فَهُم مِّن مَّغۡرَمٖ مُّثۡقَلُونَ
Do you ask them for a reward, so that they are [wary of] being weighed down with debt?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:40]
52:41أَمۡ عِندَهُمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبُ فَهُمۡ يَكۡتُبُونَ
Do they have [access to] the Unseen, which they write down?
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:41]
52:42أَمۡ يُرِيدُونَ كَيۡدٗاۖ فَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ هُمُ ٱلۡمَكِيدُونَ
Do they seek to outmaneuver [Allah]? But it is the faithless who are the outmaneuvered ones!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:42]
52:43أَمۡ لَهُمۡ إِلَٰهٌ غَيۡرُ ٱللَّهِۚ سُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ
Do they have any god other than Allah? Clear is Allah of any partners that they may ascribe [to Him]!
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:43]
52:44وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ كِسۡفٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ سَاقِطٗا يَقُولُواْ سَحَابٞ مَّرۡكُومٞ
Were they to see a fragment falling from the sky, they would say, ‘A cumulous cloud.’
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:44]
52:45فَذَرۡهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُواْ يَوۡمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِي فِيهِ يُصۡعَقُونَ
So leave them until they encounter the day when they will be thunderstruck,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:45]
52:46يَوۡمَ لَا يُغۡنِي عَنۡهُمۡ كَيۡدُهُمۡ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَا هُمۡ يُنصَرُونَ
the day when their guile will not avail them in any way, nor will they be helped.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:46]
52:47وَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ عَذَابٗا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ
Indeed there is a punishment besides that for those who do wrong, but most of them do not know.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:47]
52:48وَٱصۡبِرۡ لِحُكۡمِ رَبِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ بِأَعۡيُنِنَاۖ وَسَبِّحۡ بِحَمۡدِ رَبِّكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ
So submit patiently to the judgement of your Lord, for indeed you fare before Our eyes. And celebrate the praise of your Lord when you rise [at dawn],
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:48]
52:49وَمِنَ ٱلَّيۡلِ فَسَبِّحۡهُ وَإِدۡبَٰرَ ٱلنُّجُومِ
and also glorify Him during the night and at the receding of the stars.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 52:49]
About spending a part of the night in prayers see Bani Israil: 78 and 79.
