Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3245 - فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلنَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ يَرْفَعُهُ : أَنَّ رَجُلاً حَلَفَ أَنْ يَزِنَ فِيلاً فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "يُدْخِلُ اَلْفِيلَ سَفِينَةً ثُمَّ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ مَبْلَغِ اَلْمَاءِ مِنَ اَلسَّفِينَةِ فَيُعَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُ اَلْفِيلَ وَ يُلْقِي فِي اَلسَّفِينَةِ حَدِيداً أَوْ صُفْراً أَوْ مَا شَاءَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَ اَلْمَوْضِعَ اَلَّذِي عَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ أَخْرَجَهُ وَ وَزَنَهُ".

Hadith.3245 - In the narration of al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, attributed to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family): A man swore an oath that he would weigh an elephant. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "He should place the elephant in a boat, then observe the water level reached by the boat and mark it. After that, he should remove the elephant and load the boat with iron, copper, or anything he wishes until it reaches the marked water level. Then, he should take out the loaded material and weigh it."

3246 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ غَالِبٍ اَلْأَسَدِيِّ رَفَعَ اَلْحَدِيثَ قَالَ : بَيْنَمَا رَجُلاَنِ جَالِسَانِ فِي زَمَنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ اَلْخَطَّابِ إِذْ مَرَّ بِهِمَا رَجُلٌ مُقَيَّدٌ فَقَالَ أَحَدُ اَلرَّجُلَيْنِ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي قَيْدِهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَامْرَأَتُهُ طَالِقٌ ثَلاَثاً فَقَالَ اَلْآخَرُ إِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ كَمَا قُلْتَ فَامْرَأَتُهُ طَالِقٌ ثَلاَثاً فَذَهَبَا إِلَى مَوْلَى اَلْعَبْدِ وَ هُوَ اَلْمُقَيِّدُ فَقَالاَ لَهُ إِنَّا حَلَفْنَا عَلَى كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَحُلَّ قَيْدَ غُلاَمِكَ حَتَّى نَزِنَهُ فَقَالَ مَوْلَى اَلْعَبْدِ اِمْرَأَتُهُ طَالِقٌ إِنْ حَلَلْتُ قَيْدَ غُلاَمِي فَارْتَفَعُوا إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ اَلْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَوْلاَهُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ اِذْهَبُوا بِهِ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لَعَلَّهُ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ فِي هَذَا شَيْءٌ فَأَتَوْا عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ اَلْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ "مَا أَهْوَنَ هَذَا" فَدَعَا بِجَفْنَةٍ وَ أَمَرَ بِقَيْدِهِ فَشُدَّ فِيهِ خَيْطٌ وَ أَدْخَلَ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ اَلْقَيْدَ فِي اَلْجَفْنَةِ ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلْمَاءَ حَتَّى اِمْتَلَأَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "اِرْفَعُوا اَلْقَيْدَ" فَرَفَعُوا اَلْقَيْدَ حَتَّى أُخْرِجَ مِنَ اَلْمَاءِ فَلَمَّا أُخْرِجَ نَقَصَ اَلْمَاءُ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِزُبَرِ اَلْحَدِيدِ فَأَرْسَلَهُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ حَتَّى تَرَاجَعَ اَلْمَاءُ إِلَى مَوْضِعِهِ وَ اَلْقَيْدُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ ثُمَّ قَالَ "زِنُوا هَذَا اَلزُّبَرَ فَهُوَ وَزْنُهُ".

Hadith.3246 - In the narration of Amr ibn Shimr, from Jafar ibn Ghalib al-Asadi, who reported: Two men were sitting during the time of Umar ibn al-Khattab when a man passed by them in chains. One of the men said: "If there is not such-and-such weight in his chains, then my wife is divorced three times." The other man said: "If there is such-and-such weight in his chains as you said, then my wife is divorced three times." They went to the owner of the chained slave and said: "We have sworn oaths regarding such-and-such, so release the chain of your slave so that we may weigh it." The owner of the slave said: "My wife will be divorced if I release the chain of my slave." So, they went to Umar and told him the story. Umar said: "The owner has more right over his slave. Go to Ali ibn Abi Talib - perhaps he has something regarding this matter." They went to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) and told him the story. Imam (as) said: "How simple this is!" Imam (as) called for a large basin and ordered the chain to be tied with a string and placed in the basin. Then Imam (as) put the man's feet and the chain into the basin and filled it with water until it was full. Then Imam (as) said: "Lift the chain." When they lifted the chain out of the water, the water level dropped. Imam (as) then called for pieces of iron and placed them into the water until the water level returned to its original position. Then Imam (as) said: "Weigh these pieces of iron-they are equal in weight to the chain."

3247 - وَ رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَائِذٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلَيْنِ مَمْلُوكَيْنِ مُفَوَّضٍ إِلَيْهِمَا يَشْتَرِيَانِ وَ يَبِيعَانِ بِأَمْوَالِ مَوَالِيهِمَا فَكَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا كَلاَمٌ فَاقْتَتَلاَ فَخَرَجَ هَذَا يَعْدُو إِلَى مَوْلَى هَذَا وَ هَذَا إِلَى مَوْلَى هَذَا وَ هُمَا فِي اَلْقُوَّةِ سَوَاءٌ فَاشْتَرَى هَذَا مِنْ مَوْلَى هَذَا اَلْعَبْدِ وَ ذَهَبَ هَذَا فَاشْتَرَى هَذَا مِنْ مَوْلاَهُ وَ جَاءَ هَذَا وَ أَخَذَ بِتَلْبِيبِ هَذَا وَ أَخَذَ هَذَا بِتَلْبِيبِ هَذَا وَ قَالَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ أَنْتَ عَبْدِي قَدِ اِشْتَرَيْتُكَ قَالَ "يُحْكَمُ بَيْنَهُمَا مِنْ حَيْثُ اِفْتَرَقَا فَيُذْرَعُ اَلطَّرِيقُ فَأَيُّهُمَا كَانَ أَقْرَبَ فَالَّذِي أَخَذَ فِيهِ هُوَ اَلَّذِي سَبَقَ اَلَّذِي هُوَ أَبْعَدُ وَ إِنْ كَانَا سَوَاءً فَهُمَا رَدٌّ عَلَى مَوَالِيهِمَا".

Hadith.3247 - Ahmad ibn A'idh narrated from Abu Salamah, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding two slave men who were authorized to buy and sell with the wealth of their masters. A dispute arose between them, and they fought. Each ran to the master of the other. They were equal in strength. One purchased the other from his master, and the other did the same, purchasing his opponent from his master. Then each of them grabbed the collar of the other, saying, "You are my slave; I have purchased you." Imam (as) said: "They should be judged based on the point where they separated. The path should be measured, and whichever one was closer to his master, he is considered to have reached first and thus has precedence over the one farther away. But if both distances are equal, they are returned to their respective masters."

3248 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلثَّقَفِيِّ قَالَ : اِسْتَوْدَعَ رَجُلاَنِ اِمْرَأَةً وَدِيعَةً وَ قَالاَ لَهَا لاَ تَدْفَعِي إِلَى وَاحِدٍ مِنَّا حَتَّى نَجْتَمِعَ عِنْدَكِ ثُمَّ اِنْطَلَقَا فَغَابَا فَجَاءَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِلَيْهَا وَ قَالَ أَعْطِينِي وَدِيعَتِي فَإِنَّ صَاحِبِي قَدْ مَاتَ فَأَبَتْ حَتَّى كَثُرَ اِخْتِلاَفُهُ إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ أَعْطَتْهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ اَلْآخَرُ فَقَالَ هَاتِي وَدِيعَتِي قَالَتْ أَخَذَهَا صَاحِبُكَ وَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّكَ قَدْ مِتَّ فَارْتَفَعَا إِلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ لَهَا عُمَرُ مَا أَرَاكِ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ ضَمِنْتِ فَقَالَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ اِجْعَلْ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اِقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "هَذِهِ اَلْوَدِيعَةُ عِنْدَهَا وَ قَدْ أَمَرْتُمَاهَا أَلاَّ تَدْفَعَهَا إِلَى وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمَا حَتَّى تَجْتَمِعَا عِنْدَهَا فَائْتِنِي بِصَاحِبِكَ وَ لَمْ يُضَمِّنْهَا" وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنَّمَا أَرَادَا أَنْ يَذْهَبَا بِمَالِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ".

Hadith.3248 - In the narration of Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Thaqafi: Two men entrusted a woman with a deposit and said to her, "Do not give it to either of us until we both come together to collect it." Then they left and were absent for a while. One of them came to her and said: "Give me my deposit, for my companion has died." She refused, but he repeatedly came to her until she finally gave it to him. Later, the other man came and said: "Give me my deposit." She replied: "Your companion took it and claimed that you had died." They brought their case before Umar, who said to her, "I see no way except that you are liable." The woman said: "Make Ali (as) judge between me and him." So Umar said to Imam (as): "Judge between them." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "This deposit is still with her, and you both instructed her not to hand it over to either of you until you were both present. Bring your companion to me." Thus, Imam (as) did not hold her liable. Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "They only intended to deceive the woman and take her wealth."

3249 - وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "كَانَ لِرَجُلٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جَارِيَتَانِ فَوَلَدَتَا جَمِيعاً فِي لَيْلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ إِحْدَاهُمَا اِبْناً وَ اَلْأُخْرَى بِنْتاً فَعَمَدَتْ صَاحِبَةُ اَلاِبْنَةِ فَوَضَعَتِ اِبْنَتَهَا فِي اَلْمَهْدِ اَلَّذِي كَانَ فِيهِ اَلاِبْنُ وَ أَخَذَتِ اِبْنَهَا فَقَالَتْ صَاحِبَةُ اَلاِبْنَةِ اَلاِبْنُ اِبْنِي وَ قَالَتْ صَاحِبَةُ اَلاِبْنِ اَلاِبْنُ اِبْنِي فَتَحَاكَمَا إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُوزَنَ لَبَنُهُمَا وَ قَالَ "أَيَّتُهُمَا كَانَتْ أَثْقَلَ لَبَناً فَالاِبْنُ لَهَا" ".

Hadith.3249 - Asim ibn Humayd narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: During the time of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), a man had two female slaves, and both gave birth on the same night-one to a son and the other to a daughter. The mother of the daughter took her child and placed her in the cradle that contained the son, and she took the son for herself. The mother of the daughter claimed, "The son is mine," and the mother of the son also said: "The son is mine." They brought their case before Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). Imam (as) ordered that their milk be weighed and said: "Whichever of the two has the heavier milk, the son belongs to her."

3250 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "ضَرَبَ رَجُلٌ رَجُلاً فِي هَامَتِهِ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَادَّعَى اَلْمَضْرُوبُ أَنَّهُ لاَ يُبْصِرُ بِعَيْنَيْهِ شَيْئاً وَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَشَمُّ رَائِحَةً، وَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ خَرِسَ فَلاَ يَنْطِقُ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنْ كَانَ صَادِقاً فَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ ثَلاَثُ دِيَاتِ اَلنَّفْسِ" فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ كَيْفَ يَسْتَبِينُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَتَّى نَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ صَادِقٌ فَقَالَ "أَمَّا مَا اِدَّعَاهُ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يُبْصِرُ بِهِمَا فَإِنَّهُ يَسْتَبِينُ ذَلِكَ بِأَنْ يُقَالَ لَهُ اِرْفَعْ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى عَيْنِ اَلشَّمْسِ فَإِنْ كَانَ صَحِيحاً لَمْ يَتَمَالَكْ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُغْمِضَ عَيْنَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ صَادِقاً لَمْ يُبْصِرْ بِهِمَا وَ بَقِيَتْ عَيْنَاهُ مَفْتُوحَتَيْنِ وَ أَمَّا مَا اِدَّعَاهُ فِي خَيَاشِيمِهِ وَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَشَمُّ رَائِحَةً فَإِنَّهُ يَسْتَبِينُ ذَلِكَ بِحُرَاقٍ يُدْنَى مِنْ أَنْفِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ صَحِيحاً وَصَلَتْ رَائِحَةُ اَلْحُرَاقِ إِلَى دِمَاغِهِ وَ دَمَعَتْ عَيْنَاهُ وَ نَحَّى بِرَأْسِهِ وَ أَمَّا مَا اِدَّعَاهُ فِي لِسَانِهِ مِنَ اَلْخَرَسِ وَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَنْطِقُ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْتَبِينُ ذَلِكَ بِإِبْرَةٍ تُضْرَبُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ يَنْطِقُ خَرَجَ اَلدَّمُ أَحْمَرَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لاَ يَنْطِقُ خَرَجَ اَلدَّمُ أَسْوَدَ" ".

Hadith.3250 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: A man struck another man on the head during the time of Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). The injured man claimed that he could no longer see with his eyes, could not smell any fragrance, and had lost his speech, becoming mute. Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "If he is truthful, then he is entitled to three blood-money compensations." It was asked: "O Commander of the Faithful, how can it be verified whether he is truthful?" Imam (as) replied: "As for what he claims about his eyes, that he cannot see, it can be verified by asking him to look up at the sun. If he is healthy, he will be unable to stop himself from closing his eyes, but if he is truthful and cannot see, his eyes will remain open. As for his claim about his nose, that he cannot smell, it can be verified by bringing something pungent close to his nose. If he is healthy, the smell will reach his brain, his eyes will water, and he will turn his head away. As for his claim about his tongue, that he is mute and cannot speak, it can be verified by pricking his tongue with a needle. If he is able to speak, the blood will flow red, but if he is mute, the blood will flow black."

3251 - وَ رَوَى سَعْدُ بْنُ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ اَلْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ : أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بْنُ اَلْخَطَّابِ بِجَارِيَةٍ فَشَهِدَ عَلَيْهَا شُهُودٌ أَنَّهَا بَغَتْ وَ كَانَ مِنْ قِصَّتِهَا أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ يَتِيمَةً عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ وَ كَانَ لِلرَّجُلِ اِمْرَأَةٌ وَ كَانَ اَلرَّجُلُ كَثِيراً مَا يَغِيبُ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ فَشَبَّتِ اَلْيَتِيمَةُ وَ كَانَتْ جَمِيلَةً فَتَخَوَّفَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا زَوْجُهَا إِذَا رَجَعَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَدَعَتْ بِنِسْوَةٍ مِنْ جِيرَانِهَا فَأَمْسَكْنَهَا ثُمَّ اِقْتَضَّتْهَا بِإِصْبَعِهَا فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ زَوْجُهَا سَأَلَ اِمْرَأَتَهُ عَنِ اَلْيَتِيمَةِ فَرَمَتْهَا بِالْفَاحِشَةِ وَ أَقَامَتِ اَلْبَيِّنَةَ مِنْ جِيرَانِهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ اَلْخَطَّابِ فَلَمْ يَدْرِ كَيْفَ يَقْضِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ اِذْهَبْ بِهَا إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَأَتَوْا عَلِيّاً وَ قَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ اَلْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ لاِمْرَأَةِ اَلرَّجُلِ "أَ لَكِ بَيِّنَةٌ" قَالَتْ نَعَمْ هَؤُلاَءِ جِيرَانِي يَشْهَدْنَ عَلَيْهَا بِمَا أَقُولُ فَأَخْرَجَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلسَّيْفَ مِنْ غِمْدِهِ وَ طَرَحَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنَ اَلشُّهُودِ فَأُدْخِلَتْ بَيْتاً ثُمَّ دَعَا بِامْرَأَةِ اَلرَّجُلِ فَأَدَارَهَا بِكُلِّ وَجْهٍ فَأَبَتْ أَنْ تَزُولَ عَنْ قَوْلِهَا فَرَدَّهَا إِلَى اَلْبَيْتِ اَلَّذِي كَانَتْ فِيهِ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِإِحْدَى اَلشُّهُودِ وَ جَثَا عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَ قَالَ لَهَا "أَ تَعْرِفِينِي أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ هَذَا سَيْفِي وَ قَدْ قَالَتِ اِمْرَأَةُ اَلرَّجُلِ مَا قَالَتْ وَ رَجَعَتْ إِلَى اَلْحَقِّ وَ أَعْطَيْتُهَا اَلْأَمَانَ فَاصْدُقِينِي وَ إِلاَّ مَلَأْتُ سَيْفِي مِنْكِ" فَالْتَفَتَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ اَلْأَمَانَ عَلَى اَلصِّدْقِ فَقَالَ لَهَا عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "فَاصْدُقِي" فَقَالَتْ لاَ وَ اَللَّهِ مَا زَنَتِ اَلْيَتِيمَةُ وَ لَكِنِ اِمْرَأَةُ اَلرَّجُلِ لَمَّا رَأَتْ حُسْنَهَا وَ جَمَالَهَا وَ هَيْئَتَهَا خَافَتْ فَسَادَ زَوْجِهَا فَسَقَتْهَا اَلْمُسْكِرَ وَ دَعَتْنَا فَأَمْسَكْنَاهَا فَاقْتَضَّتْهَا بِإِصْبَعِهَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ أَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ اَلشُّهُودِ إِلاَّ دَانِيَالَ " ثُمَّ حَدَّ اَلْمَرْأَةَ حَدَّ اَلْقَاذِفِ وَ أَلْزَمَهَا وَ مَنْ سَاعَدَهَا عَلَى اِقْتِضَاضِ اَلْيَتِيمَةِ اَلْمَهْرَ لَهَا أَرْبَعَ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ وَ زَوْجِهَا وَ زَوَّجَهُ اَلْيَتِيمَةَ وَ سَاقَ عَنْهُ اَلْمَهْرَ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ اَلْخَطَّابِ فَحَدِّثْنَا يَا أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ بِحَدِيثِ دَانِيَالَ اَلنَّبِيِّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ دَانِيَالَ كَانَ غُلاَماً يَتِيماً لاَ أَبٌ لَهُ وَ لاَ أُمٌّ وَ إِنَّ اِمْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَجُوزاً ضَمَّتْهُ إِلَيْهَا وَ رَبَّتْهُ وَ إِنَّ مَلِكاً مِنْ مُلُوكِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَ لَهُ قَاضِيَانِ وَ كَانَ لَهُ صَدِيقٌ وَ كَانَ رَجُلاً صَالِحاً وَ كَانَتْ لَهُ اِمْرَأَةٌ جَمِيلَةٌ وَ كَانَ يَأْتِي اَلْمَلِكَ فَيُحَدِّثُهُ فَاحْتَاجَ اَلْمَلِكُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ يَبْعَثُهُ فِي بَعْضِ أُمُورِهِ فَقَالَ لِلْقَاضِيَيْنِ اِخْتَارَا لِي رَجُلاً أَبْعَثْهُ فِي بَعْضِ أُمُورِي فَقَالاَ فُلاَنٌ فَوَجَّهَهُ اَلْمَلِكُ فَقَالَ اَلرَّجُلُ لِلْقَاضِيَيْنِ أُوصِيكُمَا بِامْرَأَتِي خَيْراً فَقَالاَ نَعَمْ فَخَرَجَ اَلرَّجُلُ وَ كَانَ اَلْقَاضِيَانِ يَأْتِيَانِ بَابَ اَلصَّدِيقِ فَعَشِقَا اِمْرَأَتَهُ فَرَاوَدَاهَا عَنْ نَفْسِهَا فَأَبَتْ عَلَيْهِمَا فَقَالاَ لَهَا إِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلِي شَهِدْنَا عَلَيْكِ عِنْدَ اَلْمَلِكِ بِالزِّنَا لِيَرْجُمَكِ فَقَالَتِ اِفْعَلاَ مَا شِئْتُمَا فَأَتَيَا اَلْمَلِكَ فَشَهِدَا عَلَيْهَا أَنَّهَا بَغَتْ وَ كَانَ لَهَا ذِكْرٌ حَسَنٌ جَمِيلٌ فَدَخَلَ اَلْمَلِكَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَمْرٌ عَظِيمٌ اِشْتَدَّ غَمُّهُ وَ كَانَ بِهَا مُعْجَباً فَقَالَ لَهُمَا إِنَّ قَوْلَكُمَا مَقْبُولٌ فَأَجِّلُوهَا ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اُرْجُمُوهَا وَ نَادَى فِي مَدِينَتِهِ اُحْضُرُوا قَتْلَ فُلاَنَةَ اَلْعَابِدَةِ فَإِنَّهَا قَدْ بَغَتْ وَ قَدْ شَهِدَ عَلَيْهَا اَلْقَاضِيَانِ بِذَلِكَ فَأَكْثَرَ اَلنَّاسُ اَلْقَوْلَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ اَلْمَلِكُ لِوَزِيرِهِ مَا عِنْدَكَ فِي هَذَا حِيلَةٌ فَقَالَ لاَ وَ اَللَّهِ مَا عِنْدِي فِي هَذَا شَيْءٌ فَلَمَّا كَانَ اَلْيَوْمُ اَلثَّالِثُ رَكِبَ اَلْوَزِيرُ وَ هُوَ آخِرُ أَيَّامِهَا فَإِذَا هُوَ بِغِلْمَانٍ عُرَاةٍ يَلْعَبُونَ وَ فِيهِمْ دَانِيَالُ فَقَالَ دَانِيَالُ يَا مَعْشَرَ اَلصِّبْيَانِ تَعَالَوْا حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَنَا اَلْمَلِكَ وَ تَكُونَ أَنْتَ يَا فُلاَنُ فُلاَنَةَ اَلْعَابِدَةَ وَ يَكُونَ فُلاَنٌ وَ فُلاَنٌ اَلْقَاضِيَيْنِ اَلشَّاهِدَيْنِ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ جَمَعَ تُرَاباً وَ جَعَلَ سَيْفاً مِنْ قَصَبٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْغِلْمَانِ خُذُوا بِيَدِ هَذَا فَنَحُّوهُ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ اَلْوَزِيرُ وَاقِفٌ وَ خُذُوا هَذَا فَنَحُّوهُ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا ثُمَّ دَعَا بِأَحَدِهِمَا فَقَالَ قُلْ حَقّاً فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَمْ تَقُلْ حَقّاً قَتَلْتُكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ اَلْوَزِيرُ يَسْمَعُ فَقَالَ لَهُ بِمَ تَشْهَدُ عَلَى هَذِهِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ قَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهَا زَنَتْ قَالَ فِي أَيِّ يَوْمٍ قَالَ فِي يَوْمِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ فِي أَيِّ وَقْتٍ قَالَ فِي وَقْتِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ فِي أَيِّ مَوْضِعٍ قَالَ فِي مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ مَعَ مَنْ قَالَ مَعَ فُلاَنِ بْنِ فُلاَنٍ فَقَالَ رُدُّوا هَذَا إِلَى مَكَانِهِ وَ هَاتُوا اَلْآخَرَ فَرَدُّوهُ وَ جَاءُوا بِالْآخَرِ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَخَالَفَ صَاحِبَهُ فِي اَلْقَوْلِ فَقَالَ دَانِيَالُ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ شَهِدَا عَلَيْهَا بِزُورٍ ثُمَّ نَادَى فِي اَلْغِلْمَانِ إِنَّ اَلْقَاضِيَيْنِ شَهِدَا عَلَى فُلاَنَةَ بِالزُّورِ فَاحْضُرُوا قَتْلَهُمَا فَذَهَبَ اَلْوَزِيرُ إِلَى اَلْمَلِكِ مُبَادِراً فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِالْخَبَرِ فَبَعَثَ اَلْمَلِكُ إِلَى اَلْقَاضِيَيْنِ فَأَحْضَرَهُمَا ثُمَّ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ فَعَلَ بِهِمَا كَمَا فَعَلَ دَانِيَالُ بِالْغُلاَمَيْنِ فَاخْتَلَفَا كَمَا اِخْتَلَفَا فَنَادَى فِي اَلنَّاسِ وَ أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِمَا".

Hadith.3251 - Sad ibn Tarif narrated from Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah who said: A woman was brought before Umar ibn al-Khattab, and witnesses testified against her that she had committed adultery. Her story was that she was an orphan raised in the house of a man who had a wife. The man would frequently be away from home. The orphan grew up to be beautiful, and the man's wife feared that her husband might marry the orphan upon his return. So, the wife called some women from her neighborhood, restrained the orphan, and violated her with her finger. When the husband returned, his wife accused the orphan of indecency and brought forth witnesses from her neighbors to support her claim. The case was presented to Umar ibn al-Khattab, but he did not know how to judge it. He said to the man, "Take her to Ali ibn Abi Talib (as)." They came to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) and told him the story. Imam (as) said to the man's wife: "Do you have witnesses?" She replied: "Yes, these are my neighbors who testify to what I say." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) then drew his sword from its sheath and placed it in front of him. Imam (as) ordered each witness to be taken into a separate room. Then Imam (as) called the man's wife and interrogated her from every angle, but she insisted on her accusation. Imam (as) sent her back to the room and then summoned one of the witnesses. Imam (as) knelt before her and said: "Do you know who I am? I am Ali ibn Abi Talib, and this is my sword. The man's wife has confessed and returned to the truth. I have granted her safety. Now, speak the truth, or I will fill this sword with your blood." The woman then turned to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) and said: "O Commander of the Faithful, I seek safety in exchange for speaking the truth." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to her: "Speak the truth." She said: "No, by Allah (swt), the orphan did not commit adultery. However, the man's wife, when she saw her beauty, charm, and appearance, feared that her husband might be attracted to her. So she gave her intoxicants to drink, called us, and we restrained her. Then, she violated her with her finger." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Allah (swt) is the Greatest! Allah (swt) is the Greatest! I am the first to separate witnesses, except for (Prophet) Daniel (as)." Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) sentenced the man's wife to the punishment for false accusation and obligated her and those who assisted her in violating the orphan girl to pay her a dowry of four hundred dirhams. Imam (as) also separated the woman from her husband and married the orphan girl to him, paying her dowry from the husband's wealth. Upon witnessing this judgment, Umar ibn al-Khattab said: "Tell us, O Abu al-Hasan, about the story of Prophet Daniel (as)." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Daniel was a young orphan who had neither father nor mother. An elderly woman from the Children of Israel took him in and raised him. There was a king among the Children of Israel who had two judges. The king had a pious and righteous friend who had a beautiful wife. This man used to visit the king and speak with him. One day, the king needed to send someone on a mission, so he said to the two judges, 'Choose for me a man whom I can send on this task.' They said: 'Send this man (the pious friend).' So, the king sent him." The man said to the two judges, "I entrust my wife to your care and advise you to treat her well." They replied: "Yes." After the man left, the two judges began visiting the house of the pious man and fell in love with his wife. They tried to seduce her, but she refused. They said to her, "If you do not yield to us, we will testify against you before the king that you have committed adultery, and you will be stoned." She replied: "Do as you wish." So, they went to the king and testified against her, claiming that she had committed adultery. The woman was well-known for her piety and virtue, and the matter deeply troubled the king, for he admired her. The king said to them, "Your testimony is accepted, but delay her punishment for three days, and then stone her." He then announced throughout his city, "Attend the execution of so-and-so, the devout woman, for she has committed adultery, as testified by the two judges." The people began talking about the matter extensively. The king asked his minister, "Do you have any solution to this situation?" The minister replied: "No, by Allah (swt), I have no solution for this matter." On the third day, the minister went out, as it was the last day for the woman. Along the way, he saw a group of naked boys playing, and among them was Daniel. Daniel said: "O children, come here! Let me be the king, and you, so-and-so, be the devout woman. Let these two boys be the judges who testified against her." He gathered some dirt and made a sword out of reeds. Then he said to the children, "Take this one and place him in one spot, and take the other and place him in another spot." The minister was watching all of this. Then Daniel called one of the boys who was acting as a judge and said to him, "Speak the truth, for if you do not speak the truth, I will kill you." The boy said: "Yes," while the minister listened attentively. Daniel then asked him, "What do you testify against this woman?" The boy replied: "I testify that she committed adultery." Daniel asked: "On what day?" The boy said: "On such-and-such a day." Daniel asked: "At what time?" The boy replied: "At such-and-such a time." Daniel asked: "In what place?" The boy said: "In such-and-such a place." Daniel asked: "With whom?" The boy said: "With so-and-so, the son of so-and-so." Then Daniel said: "Return this one to his place and bring the other one." They returned the first boy and brought the second one. Daniel questioned him about the same details, but his answers contradicted those of the first boy. At this, Daniel said: "Allah (swt) is the Greatest! Allah (swt) is the Greatest! They have testified falsely against her." He then called out to the children, "The two judges have testified falsely against this woman. Come and witness their execution." The minister rushed to the king and informed him of what had happened. The king sent for the two judges, brought them in, and separated them. He questioned them just as Daniel had questioned the boys, and they contradicted each other, just as the boys had. The king then announced their guilt to the people and ordered their execution."

3252 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "وُجِدَ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مَذْبُوحٌ فِي خَرِبَةٍ وَ هُنَاكَ رَجُلٌ بِيَدِهِ سِكِّينٌ مُلَطَّخٌ بِالدَّمِ فَأُخِذَ لِيُؤْتَى بِهِ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَقَرَّ أَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ خَلُّوا عَنْ هَذَا فَأَنَا قَاتِلُ صَاحِبِكُمْ فَأُخِذَ أَيْضاً وَ أُتِيَ بِهِ مَعَ صَاحِبِهِ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا قَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ اَلْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ لِلْأَوَّلِ "مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى اَلْإِقْرَارِ" قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ قَصَّابٌ وَ قَدْ كُنْتُ ذَبَحْتُ شَاةً بِجَنْبِ اَلْخَرِبَةِ فَأَعْجَلَنِي اَلْبَوْلُ فَدَخَلْتُ اَلْخَرِبَةَ وَ بِيَدِي سِكِّينٌ مُلَطَّخٌ بِالدَّمِ فَأَخَذَنِي هَؤُلاَءِ وَ قَالُوا أَنْتَ قَتَلْتَ صَاحِبَنَا فَقُلْتُ مَا يُغْنِي عَنِّي اَلْإِنْكَارُ شَيْئاً وَ هَاهُنَا رَجُلٌ مَذْبُوحٌ وَ أَنَا بِيَدِي سِكِّينٌ مُلَطَّخٌ بِالدَّمِ فَأَقْرَرْتُ لَهُمْ أَنِّي قَتَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِلْآخَرِ "مَا تَقُولُ أَنْتَ" قَالَ أَنَا قَتَلْتُهُ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "اِذْهَبُوا إِلَى اَلْحَسَنِ اِبْنِي لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَكُمْ" فَذَهَبُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ قَصُّوا عَلَيْهِ اَلْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَمَّا هَذَا فَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ قَتَلَ رَجُلاً فَقَدْ أَحْيَا هَذَا وَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: ۝ وَ مَنْ أَحْيٰاهٰا فَكَأَنَّمٰا أَحْيَا اَلنّٰاسَ جَمِيعاً" لَيْسَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمَا شَيْءٌ وَ تُخْرَجُ اَلدِّيَةُ مِنْ بَيْتِ اَلْمَالِ لِوَرَثَةِ اَلْمَقْتُولِ ۝ ".

Hadith.3252 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: During the time of Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), a man was found slaughtered in a deserted place. Nearby, there was another man holding a knife covered in blood. He was arrested and brought before Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). The man confessed, saying that he had killed the victim. However, another man approached and said to them, "Release him, for I am the one who killed your companion." He too was arrested and brought along with the first man before Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). When they presented their case, Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) asked the first man: "What made you confess?" He replied: "O Commander of the Faithful, I am a butcher. I had slaughtered a sheep near the deserted place, and I urgently needed to relieve myself. So, I entered the deserted place with a knife in my hand, stained with blood. These people saw me, accused me of killing their companion, and arrested me. I thought that denying it would be of no use, since there was a man slaughtered and I was holding a bloodied knife, so I confessed." Then Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali (as) asked the second man: "What do you say?" He replied: "I am the one who killed him, O Commander of the Faithful." Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Take them to my son, Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as), so he may judge between you." They went to Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) and presented the case. Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) said: "As for this one, if he has killed a man, he has also given life to this one (the butcher). And Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, says: 'And whoever saves a life, it is as though he has saved all of mankind.' (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:32) There is no punishment upon either of them, and the blood money should be paid from the public treasury to the heirs of the deceased."

3253 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "تُوُفِّيَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ خَلَّفَ اِبْناً وَ عَبْداً فَادَّعَى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَنَّهُ اَلاِبْنُ وَ أَنَّ اَلْآخَرَ عَبْدٌ لَهُ فَأَتَيَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَتَحَاكَمَا إِلَيْهِ فَأَمَرَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنْ يُثْقَبَ فِي حَائِطِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ ثَقْبَيْنِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَنْ يُدْخِلَ رَأْسَهُ فِي ثَقْبٍ فَفَعَلاَ ثُمَّ قَالَ "يَا قَنْبَرُ جَرِّدِ اَلسَّيْفَ" وَ أَسَرَّ إِلَيْهِ لاَ تَفْعَلْ مَا آمُرُكَ بِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ "اِضْرِبْ عُنُقَ اَلْعَبْدِ" قَالَ فَنَحَّى اَلْعَبْدُ رَأْسَهُ فَأَخَذَهُ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ قَالَ لِلْآخَرِ "أَنْتَ اَلاِبْنُ وَ قَدْ أَعْتَقْتُ هَذَا وَ جَعَلْتُهُ مَوْلًى لَكَ" ".

Hadith.3253 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: During the time of Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), a man passed away, leaving behind a son and a slave. Each of them claimed to be the son and accused the other of being the slave. They brought their case before Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) for judgment. Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) ordered that two holes be made in the wall of the mosque. Then he instructed each of them to place his head into one of the holes, and they did so. Imam (as) said: "O Qanbar, unsheathe the sword." Then Imam (as) secretly told Qanbar not to carry out what he was about to command. Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Strike the neck of the slave!" Hearing this, one of the men quickly pulled his head out of the hole. Commander of the Faithful (as) then took hold of him and said to the other, 'You are the son, and I have now freed this one and made him your freed servant (mawla).'"

3254 - وَ رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ اَلْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ : أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بْنُ اَلْخَطَّابِ بِامْرَأَةٍ تَزَوَّجَهَا شَيْخٌ فَلَمَّا أَنْ وَاقَعَهَا مَاتَ عَلَى بَطْنِهَا فَجَاءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ فَادَّعَى بَنُوهُ أَنَّهَا فَجَرَتْ وَ تَشَاهَدُوا عَلَيْهَا فَأَمَرَ بِهَا عُمَرُ أَنْ تُرْجَمَ فَمَرُّوا بِهَا عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَتْ يَا اِبْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي مَظْلُومَةٌ وَ هَذِهِ حُجَّتِي فَقَالَ "هَاتِي حُجَّتَكِ" فَدَفَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ كِتَاباً فَقَرَأَهُ فَقَالَ "هَذِهِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ تُعْلِمُكُمْ بِيَوْمَ تَزَوَّجَهَا وَ يَوْمَ وَاقَعَهَا وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ جِمَاعُهُ لَهَا رُدُّوا اَلْمَرْأَةَ" فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ اَلْغَدِ دَعَا عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِصِبْيَانٍ يَلْعَبُونَ أَتْرَابٍ وَ فِيهِمُ اِبْنُهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمُ "اِلْعَبُوا" فَلَعِبُوا حَتَّى إِذَا أَلْهَاهُمُ اَللَّعِبُ فَصَاحَ بِهِمْ فَقَامُوا وَ قَامَ اَلْغُلاَمُ اَلَّذِي هُوَ اِبْنُ اَلْمَرْأَةِ مُتَّكِئاً عَلَى رَاحَتَيْهِ فَدَعَا بِهِ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَوَرَّثَهُ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَ جَلَدَ إِخْوَتَهُ اَلْمُفْتَرِينَ حَدّاً حَدّاً فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ كَيْفَ صَنَعْتَ قَالَ "عَرَفْتُ ضَعْفَ اَلشَّيْخِ فِي تُكَأَةِ اَلْغُلاَمِ عَلَى رَاحَتَيْهِ".

Hadith.3254 - Amr ibn Thabit narrated from his father, from Sad ibn Tarif, from Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah, who said: A woman was brought before Umar ibn al-Khattab. She had married an old man who died while lying on top of her after consummating the marriage. Later, she gave birth to a child. The old man's sons accused her of adultery and testified against her. Umar ordered that she be stoned. As they were leading her away, they passed by Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as). She called out: "O cousin of the Messenger of Allah (swt)! I am wronged, and this is my evidence." Imam (as) said: "Present your evidence." She handed him a letter, and Imam (as) read it. Then Imam (as) said: "This woman is informing you of the date of her marriage, the date of consummation, and how it occurred. Return the woman." The next day, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) summoned some children who were of the same age as the woman's child and told them to play. They played until they became distracted. Then Imam (as) called out to them suddenly, and they all stood up, including the woman's child, who stood leaning on both his palms for support. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) called the child forward, confirmed his paternity, and ruled that he inherit from his father. He then ordered the brothers, who had falsely accused the woman, to be lashed one by one as the punishment for false accusation. Umar asked Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as): "How did you reach this judgment?" Imam (as) replied: "I recognized the frailty of the old man from the way the child leaned on his palms to stand up."

3255 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْمَسْجِدَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ شَابٌّ وَ هُوَ يَبْكِي وَ حَوْلَهُ قَوْمٌ يُسْكِتُونَهُ، فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَا أَبْكَاكَ" فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ شُرَيْحاً قَضَى عَلَيَّ بِقَضِيَّةٍ مَا أَدْرِي مَا هِيَ إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ اَلنَّفَرَ خَرَجُوا بِأَبِي مَعَهُمْ فِي سَفَرِهِمْ فَرَجَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ أَبِي فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالُوا مَا تَرَكَ مَالاً فَقَدَّمْتُهُمْ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَاسْتَحْلَفَهُمْ وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَّ أَبِي خَرَجَ وَ مَعَهُ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "اِرْجِعُوا" فَرَدُّوهُمْ جَمِيعاً وَ اَلْفَتَى مَعَهُمْ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ "يَا شُرَيْحُ كَيْفَ قَضَيْتَ بَيْنَ هَؤُلاَءِ" فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ اِدَّعَى هَذَا اَلْغُلاَمُ عَلَى هَؤُلاَءِ اَلنَّفَرِ أَنَّهُمْ خَرَجُوا فِي سَفَرٍ وَ أَبُوهُ مَعَهُمْ فَرَجَعُوا وَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ أَبُوهُ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْ مَالِهِ فَقَالُوا مَا خَلَّفَ شَيْئاً فَقُلْتُ لِلْفَتَى هَلْ لَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ عَلَى مَا تَدَّعِي فَقَالَ لاَ فَاسْتَحْلَفْتُهُمْ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَا شُرَيْحُ هَيْهَاتَ هَكَذَا تَحْكُمُ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا" فَقَالَ كَيْفَ هَذَا يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَا شُرَيْحُ وَ اَللَّهِ لَأَحْكُمَنَّ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمٍ مَا حَكَمَ بِهِ خَلْقٌ قَبْلِي إِلاَّ دَاوُدُ اَلنَّبِيُّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَا قَنْبَرُ اُدْعُ لِي شُرْطَةَ اَلْخَمِيسِ " فَدَعَاهُمْ فَوَكَّلَ بِهِمْ بِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلاً مِنَ اَلشُّرْطَةِ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ فَقَالَ "مَا ذَا تَقُولُونَ أَ تَقُولُونَ إِنِّي لاَ أَعْلَمُ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ بِأَبِ هَذَا اَلْفَتَى إِنِّي إِذاً لَجَاهِلٌ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "فَرِّقُوهُمْ وَ غَطُّوا رُءُوسَهُمْ" فَفُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ أُقِيمَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى أُسْطُوَانَةٍ مِنْ أَسَاطِينِ اَلْمَسْجِدِ وَ رُءُوسُهُمْ مُغَطَّاةٌ بِثِيَابِهِمْ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِعُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ كَاتِبِهِ فَقَالَ "هَاتِ صَحِيفَةً وَ دَوَاةً" وَ جَلَسَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي مَجْلِسِ اَلْقَضَاءِ وَ اِجْتَمَعَ اَلنَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "إِذَا أَنَا كَبَّرْتُ فَكَبِّرُوا" ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلنَّاسِ "أَفْرِجُوا" ثُمَّ دَعَا بِوَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَأَجْلَسَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ "اُكْتُبْ إِقْرَارَهُ وَ مَا يَقُولُ" ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِالسُّؤَالِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ "فِي أَيِّ يَوْمٍ خَرَجْتُمْ مِنْ مَنَازِلِكُمْ وَ أَبُو هَذَا اَلْفَتَى مَعَكُمْ" فَقَالَ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي يَوْمِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَ "وَ فِي أَيِّ شَهْرٍ" فَقَالَ فِي شَهْرِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ "وَ إِلَى أَيْنَ بَلَغْتُمْ مِنْ سَفَرِكُمْ حِينَ مَاتَ أَبُو هَذَا اَلْفَتَى" قَالَ إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ "وَ فِي أَيِّ مَنْزِلٍ" قَالَ فِي مَنْزِلِ فُلاَنِ بْنِ فُلاَنٍ قَالَ "وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ" قَالَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ "وَ كَمْ يَوْماً مَرِضَ" قَالَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا يَوْماً قَالَ "فَمَنْ كَانَ يُمَرِّضُهُ وَ فِي أَيِّ يَوْمٍ مَاتَ وَ مَنْ غَسَّلَهُ وَ أَيْنَ غَسَّلَهُ وَ مَنْ كَفَّنَهُ وَ بِمَا كَفَّنْتُمُوهُ وَ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ مَنْ نَزَلَ قَبْرَهُ" فَلَمَّا سَأَلَهُ عَنْ جَمِيعِ مَا يُرِيدُ كَبَّرَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ كَبَّرَ اَلنَّاسُ مَعَهُ فَارْتَابَ أُولَئِكَ اَلْبَاقُونَ وَ لَمْ يَشُكُّوا أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُمْ قَدْ أَقَرَّ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُغَطَّى رَأْسُهُ وَ أَنْ يَنْطَلِقُوا بِهِ إِلَى اَلْحَبْسِ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِآخَرَ فَأَجْلَسَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ كَشَفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ "كَلاَّ زَعَمْتَ أَنِّي لاَ أَعْلَمُ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ" فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا أَنَا إِلاَّ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ اَلْقَوْمِ وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ كَارِهاً لِقَتْلِهِ فَأَقَرَّ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِوَاحِدٍ بَعْدَ وَاحِدٍ فَكُلُّهُمْ يُقِرُّ بِالْقَتْلِ وَ أَخْذِ اَلْمَالِ ثُمَّ رَدَّ اَلَّذِي كَانَ أَمَرَ بِهِ إِلَى اَلسِّجْنِ فَأَقَرَّ أَيْضاً فَأَلْزَمَهُمُ اَلْمَالَ وَ اَلدَّمَ فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ حُكْمُ دَاوُدَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنَّ دَاوُدَ اَلنَّبِيَّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَرَّ بِغِلْمَةٍ يَلْعَبُونَ وَ يُنَادُونَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً مَاتَ اَلدِّينُ فَدَعَا مِنْهُمْ غُلاَماً فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا غُلاَمُ مَا اِسْمُكَ قَالَ اِسْمِي مَاتَ اَلدِّينُ فَقَالَ لَهُ دَاوُدُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَنْ سَمَّاكَ بِهَذَا اَلاِسْمِ قَالَ أُمِّي فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى أُمِّهِ فَقَالَ يَا اِمْرَأَةُ مَا اِسْمُ اِبْنِكِ هَذَا قَالَتْ مَاتَ اَلدِّينُ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَ مَنْ سَمَّاهُ بِهَذَا اَلاِسْمِ قَالَتْ أَبُوهُ قَالَ وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ إِنَّ أَبَاهُ خَرَجَ فِي سَفَرٍ لَهُ وَ مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ وَ هَذَا اَلصَّبِيُّ حَمْلٌ فِي بَطْنِي فَانْصَرَفَ اَلْقَوْمُ وَ لَمْ يَنْصَرِفْ زَوْجِي فَسَأَلْتُهُمْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ قُلْتُ أَيْنَ مَا تَرَكَ قَالُوا لَمْ يُخَلِّفْ مَالاً فَقُلْتُ أَوْصَاكُمْ بِوَصِيَّةٍ قَالُوا نَعَمْ زَعَمَ أَنَّكِ حُبْلَى فَمَا وَلَدْتِ مِنْ وَلَدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى فَسَمِّيهِ مَاتَ اَلدِّينُ فَسَمَّيْتُهُ فَقَالَ أَ تَعْرِفِينَ اَلْقَوْمَ اَلَّذِينَ كَانُوا خَرَجُوا مَعَ زَوْجِكِ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَحْيَاءٌ هُمْ أَمْ أَمْوَاتٌ قَالَتْ بَلْ أَحْيَاءٌ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقِي بِنَا إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ مَضَى مَعَهَا فَاسْتَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْ مَنَازِلِهِمْ فَحَكَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِهَذَا اَلْحُكْمِ فَثَبَّتَ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلْمَالَ وَ اَلدَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ سَمِّي اِبْنَكِ هَذَا عَاشَ اَلدِّينُ " ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلْفَتَى وَ اَلْقَوْمَ اِخْتَلَفُوا فِي مَالِ أَبِ اَلْفَتَى كَمْ كَانَ فَأَخَذَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ خَاتَمَهُ وَ جَمَعَ خَوَاتِيمَ عِدَّةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ "أَجِيلُوا هَذِهِ اَلسِّهَامَ فَأَيُّكُمْ أَخْرَجَ خَاتَمِي فَهُوَ اَلصَّادِقُ فِي دَعْوَاهُ لِأَنَّهُ سَهْمُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ هُوَ سَهْمٌ لاَ يَخِيبُ" ".

Hadith.3255 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said: Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) entered the mosque, and a young man approached him, crying, while a group of people around him tried to silence him. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) asked: "What makes you cry?" The young man said: "O Commander of the Faithful, Shurayh judged against me in a case, and I do not understand it. These men went on a journey with my father, but they returned without him. When I asked them about him, they said he had died. Then I asked them about his wealth, and they said he left no wealth. I brought them before Shurayh, and he made them swear an oath. But I know, O Commander of the Faithful, that my father left with a great amount of wealth." So Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to them: "Return." Imam (as) gathered all of them, including the young man, and took them back to Shurayh. Then Imam (as) said to him: "O Shurayh, how did you judge between these people?" Shurayh said: "O Commander of the Faithful, this young man claimed that these men went on a journey with his father, but they returned while his father did not. He asked them about his father, and they said he had died. Then he asked them about his father's wealth, and they said he left nothing. I asked the young man if he had any evidence for his claim, but he said no. So, I made them swear an oath, and then I ruled in their favor." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "O Shurayh, how could you judge in such a case like this?" Shurayh asked: "How should it be judged, O Commander of the Faithful?" Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "O Shurayh, by Allah (swt), I will issue a ruling in this matter that no one before me has ruled except Prophet Dawud (as)." Imam (as) then said: "O Qanbar, call for the guards of the Thursday patrol." Then Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) summoned the guards, assigning one guard to each of the accused men. Imam (as) looked at their faces and said: "What do you say? Do you think that I do not know what you have done to the father of this young man? If so, then I would indeed be ignorant." Imam (as) then said: "Separate them and cover their heads." They were separated and each was placed by one of the pillars of the mosque with their heads covered by their garments. Then Imam (as) called for Ubaydullah ibn Abi Rafi, his scribe, and said: "Bring me a scroll and an inkwell." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) sat in the seat of judgment, and the people gathered around him. Imam (as) said: "When I say 'Allahu Akbar,' then you all say 'Allahu Akbar.'" Then Commander of the Faithful (as) said to the people: "Make space." Imam (as) called one of the accused, seated him in front of him, uncovered his face, and said to Ubaydullah: "Write down his confession and what he says." Imam (as) then began questioning him, saying: "On what day did you leave your homes, with the father of this young man accompanying you?" The man replied: "On such-and-such a day." He (as) asked: "In which month?" The man replied: "In such-and-such a month." He (as) asked: "To what point in your journey had you reached when the father of this young man died?" The man replied: "To such-and-such a place." He (as) asked: "In which dwelling?" The man replied: "In the dwelling of so-and-so, the son of so-and-so." He (as) asked: "What illness did he suffer from?" The man replied: "Such-and-such illness." He (as) asked: "For how many days was he ill?" The man replied: "For such-and-such days." He (as) asked: "Who was taking care of him? On what day did he die? Who washed his body? Where was he washed? Who shrouded him? In what was he shrouded? Who prayed over him? And who lowered him into his grave?" When Commander of the Faithful (as) finished questioning the first man about all the details he wanted, Imam (as) said "Allahu Akbar," and the people echoed "Allahu Akbar" with him. This caused the remaining men to become anxious, as they were certain that their companion had confessed and implicated them. Then Commander of the Faithful (as) ordered that the first man's head be covered and that he be taken to prison. He then called for the second man, seated him before him, uncovered his face, and said: "You thought that I would not know what you have done?" The man replied: "O Commander of the Faithful, I am just one of the group, and I was unwilling to kill him." Thus, he confessed. One by one, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) called the others, and each of them confessed to the killing and taking of the wealth. Then Imam (as) summoned the first man, who had been sent to prison, and he too confessed. Commander of the Faithful (as) obligated them to pay the blood money and return the stolen wealth. Shurayh then asked: "O Commander of the Faithful (as), what was the judgment of Prophet Dawud (as)?" Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Prophet Dawud (as) once passed by a group of children who were playing and calling each other by names. One of them called out, 'Mat ad-Din' (Religion has died). Prophet Dawud (as) summoned the child and asked: 'What is your name?' The child replied: 'My name is Mat ad-Din.' Dawud (as) asked: 'Who gave you this name?' The child replied: 'My mother.' So Prophet Dawud (as) went to the child's mother and asked: "O woman, what is the name of this son of yours?" She replied: "His name is Mat ad-Din (Religion has died)." He asked: "Who named him with this name?" She said: "His father." He asked: "How did that happen?" She said: "His father went on a journey with a group of people while I was pregnant with this child. The group returned, but my husband did not. I asked them about him, and they said he had died. I asked: 'What wealth did he leave behind?' They said: 'He left no wealth.' I asked: 'Did he leave any will?' They said: 'Yes. He said that you are pregnant, and whatever child you bear, whether male or female, name it Mat ad-Din.'" So I named him as instructed." Dawud (as) then asked her, "Do you know the people who went on the journey with your husband?" She said: "Yes." He asked: "Are they alive or dead?" She replied: "They are alive." He said: "Take me to them." He went with her, brought the group from their homes, and judged between them with the same ruling as Commander of the Faithful (as). He held them accountable for the wealth and the blood. Then he said to the woman, "Name this son of yours Ash ad-Din (Religion has lived).'" Later, the young man and the group disputed over the exact amount of wealth the father had left. So Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) took his ring, gathered several other rings, and said: "Draw lots with these rings. Whichever of you draws my ring is truthful in his claim, for it is the lot of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, and it never fails."

3256 - وَ - قَضَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي اِمْرَأَةٍ أَتَتْهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ زَوْجِي وَقَعَ عَلَى جَارِيَتِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِي فَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ "مَا تَقُولُ" فَقَالَ مَا وَقَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنْ كُنْتِ صَادِقَةً رَجَمْنَاهُ وَ إِنْ كُنْتِ كَاذِبَةً ضَرَبْنَاكِ حَدّاً" وَ أُقِيمَتِ اَلصَّلاَةُ فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُصَلِّي فَفَكَّرَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ فِي نَفْسِهَا فَلَمْ تَرَ لَهَا فِي رَجْمِ زَوْجِهَا فَرَجاً وَ لاَ فِي ضَرْبِهَا اَلْحَدَّ فَخَرَجَتْ وَ لَمْ تَعُدْ وَ لَمْ يَسْأَلْ عَنْهَا أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ.

Hadith.3256 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) judged in the case of a woman who came to him and said: "My husband has had relations with my bondwoman without my permission." Imam (as) said to the man: "What do you say?" The man replied: "I did not approach her except with her permission." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "If you are truthful, we will stone him. But if you are lying, we will administer the prescribed punishment (lashes) on you." At that moment, the call for prayer was made, and Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) stood up to pray. While Imam (as) prayed, the woman reflected and saw no benefit in having her husband stoned, nor in facing the punishment herself. She left and did not return, and Commander of the Faithful (as) did not inquire about her afterward.

3257 - وَ - قَضَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي رَجُلٍ جَاءَ بِهِ رَجُلاَنِ فَقَالاَ إِنَّ هَذَا سَرَقَ دِرْعاً فَجَعَلَ اَلرَّجُلُ يُنَاشِدُهُ لَمَّا نَظَرَ فِي اَلْبَيِّنَةِ وَ جَعَلَ يَقُولُ وَ اَللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَا قَطَعَ يَدِي أَبَداً قَالَ "وَ لِمَ" قَالَ كَانَ يُخْبِرُهُ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنِّي بَرِيءٌ فَيُبَرِّئُنِي بِبَرَاءَتِي فَلَمَّا رَأَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مُنَاشَدَتَهُ إِيَّاهُ دَعَا اَلشَّاهِدَيْنِ وَ قَالَ لَهُمَا "اِتَّقِيَا اَللَّهَ وَ لاَ تَقْطَعَا يَدَ اَلرَّجُلِ ظُلْماً" وَ نَاشَدَهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ "لِيَقْطَعْ أَحَدُكُمَا يَدَهُ وَ يُمْسِكَ اَلْآخَرُ يَدَهُ" فَلَمَّا تَقَدَّمَا إِلَى اَلْمِصْطَبَّةِ لِيَقْطَعَا يَدَهُ ضَرَبَا اَلنَّاسَ حَتَّى اِخْتَلَطُوا فَلَمَّا اِخْتَلَطُوا أَرْسَلاَ اَلرَّجُلَ فِي غُمَارِ اَلنَّاسِ وَ فَرَّا حَتَّى اِخْتَلَطَا بِالنَّاسِ فَجَاءَ اَلَّذِي شَهِدَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ شَهِدَ عَلَيَّ اَلرَّجُلاَنِ ظُلْماً فَلَمَّا ضَرَبَا اَلنَّاسَ وَ اِخْتَلَطُوا أَرْسَلاَنِي وَ فَرَّا وَ لَوْ كَانَا صَادِقَيْنِ لَمَا فَرَّا وَ لَمْ يُرْسِلاَنِي فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَنْ يَدُلُّنِي عَلَى هَذَيْنِ اَلشَّاهِدَيْنِ أُنَكِّلْهُمَا".

Hadith.3257 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) judged in the case of a man who was brought by two others who said: "This man has stolen a coat of armor." The accused pleaded with Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) to examine the evidence carefully and said: "By Allah (swt), if the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) were here, he would never cut off my hand." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) asked: "Why?" The man replied: "Because my Lord (azj), the Almighty, would have informed him of my innocence, and He (sw) would have declared me innocent based on that knowledge." When Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) saw how the man pleaded, Imam (as) called the two witnesses and said to them: "Fear Allah (swt), and do not have this man's hand cut off unjustly." Imam (as) continued to appeal to them and then said: "Let one of you cut off his hand while the other holds it." As they prepared to execute the sentence, they stirred the people, causing a commotion in the crowd. In the chaos, they released the accused man and fled, blending into the crowd. The accused man then returned and said: "O Commander of the Faithful, these two men testified against me falsely. When the crowd was stirred, they released me and fled. If they were truthful, they would neither have fled nor let me go." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Who can lead me to these two witnesses so that I may punish them?"