Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3433 - قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "مَنْ أَعْتَقَ مُؤْمِناً أَعْتَقَ اَللَّهُ بِكُلِّ عُضْوٍ مِنْهُ عُضْواً مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ أُنْثَى أَعْتَقَ اَللَّهُ بِكُلِّ عُضْوَيْنِ مِنْهَا عُضْواً مِنَ اَلنَّارِ لِأَنَّ اَلْمَرْأَةَ بِنِصْفِ اَلرَّجُلِ".

Hadith.3433 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: "Whoever frees a believing slave, Allah (swt) will free a limb of his from the Fire for every limb of the slave. And if it is a female slave, Allah (swt) will free two limbs of his for every limb of hers from the Fire, because a woman is equal to half of a man."

3434 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَتَقَرَّبَ عَشِيَّةَ عَرَفَةَ وَ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ بِالْعِتْقِ وَ اَلصَّدَقَةِ".

Hadith.3434 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "It is recommended for a man to draw closer to Allah (swt) on the evening of Arafah and the Day of Arafah through freeing slaves and giving charity."

3435 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ أَبِي اَلْعَبَّاسِ وَ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا مَلَكَ اَلرَّجُلُ وَالِدَيْهِ أَوْ أُخْتَهُ أَوْ عَمَّتَهُ أَوْ خَالَتَهُ أَوِ اِبْنَةَ أَخِيهِ أَوِ اِبْنَةَ أُخْتِهِ " وَ ذَكَرَ أَهْلَ هَذِهِ اَلْآيَةِ مِنَ اَلنِّسَاءِ "عَتَقُوا جَمِيعاً وَ يَمْلِكُ اَلرَّجُلُ عَمَّهُ وَ اِبْنَ أَخِيهِ وَ اِبْنَ أُخْتِهِ وَ خَالَهُ وَ لاَ يَمْلِكُ أُمَّهُ مِنَ اَلرَّضَاعَةِ وَ لاَ أُخْتَهُ وَ لاَ عَمَّتَهُ وَ لاَ خَالَتَهُ فَإِذَا مَلَكَهُنَّ عَتَقْنَ " قَالَ "وَ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ اَلنَّسَبِ مِنَ اَلنِّسَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ يَحْرُمُ مِنَ اَلرَّضَاعِ " وَ قَالَ "يَمْلِكُ اَلذُّكُورَ مَا خَلاَ اَلْوَالِدَ وَ اَلْوَلَدَ وَ لاَ يَمْلِكُ مِنَ اَلنِّسَاءِ ذَاتَ مَحْرَمٍ" قُلْتُ وَ كَذَلِكَ يَجْرِي فِي اَلرَّضَاعِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ يَجْرِي فِي اَلرَّضَاعِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.3435 - It is narrated from Abu Basir, Abu al-Abbas, and Ubayd ibn Zurarah, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "If a man owns his parents, or his sister, or his paternal aunt, or his maternal aunt, or his brother's daughter, or his sister's daughter"-and he mentioned the women listed in this verse-"then they all become free. However, a man may own his paternal uncle, or his brother's son, or his sister's son, or his maternal uncle, but he may not own his mother through nursing, nor his sister, nor his paternal aunt, nor his maternal aunt. If he comes to own them, they are freed." Imam (as) also said: "What is prohibited due to lineage among women is also prohibited through nursing." And Imam (as) said: "A man may own males except his father and his son, and he may not own any woman who is a mahram." I said: "Does the same ruling apply in the case of nursing?" Imam (as) said: "Yes, the same rulingapplies in the case of nursing."

3436 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي جَارِيَةٍ كَانَتْ بَيْنَ اِثْنَيْنِ فَأَعْتَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ مُوسِراً كُلِّفَ أَنْ يَضْمَنَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُعْسِراً أُخْدِمَتْ بِالْحِصَصِ".

Hadith.3436 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a bondwoman who was jointly owned by two people, and one of them freed his share. Imam (as) said: "If he is financially capable, he is required to pay and compensate for the remaining share. But if he is financially incapable, she continues to serve based on their respective shares."

3437 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي عَبْدٍ كَانَ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ فَحَرَّرَ أَحَدُهُمَا نِصْفَهُ وَ هُوَ صَغِيرٌ وَ أَمْسَكَ اَلْآخَرُ نِصْفَهُ قَالَ "يُقَوَّمُ قِيمَةَ يَوْمٍ حَرَّرَ اَلْأَوَّلُ وَ أُمِرَ اَلْمُحَرَّرُ أَنْ يَسْعَى فِي نِصْفِهِ اَلَّذِي لَمْ يُحَرَّرْ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَهُ" ".

Hadith.3437 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, ruled regarding a slave who was jointly owned by two men. One of them freed his half while the slave was still a child, and the other retained ownership of his half. Imam (as) said: "The slave shall be valued based on his worth on the day the first owner freed his share, and the freed slave shall be required to work to pay off the value of the half that was not freed until he fulfills the amount."

3438 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلَيْنِ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا اَلْأَمَةُ فَيُعْتِقُ أَحَدُهُمَا نِصْفَهُ فَتَقُولُ اَلْأَمَةُ لِلَّذِي لَمْ يُعْتِقْ نِصْفَهُ لاَ أُرِيدُ أَنْ تُقَوِّمَنِي ذَرْنِي كَمَا أَنَا أَخْدُمْكَ وَ أَنَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَنْكِحَ اَلنِّصْفَ اَلْآخَرَ قَالَ "لاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ إِنَّهُ لاَ يَكُونُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ فَرْجَانِ وَ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَخْدِمَهَا وَ لَكِنْ يُقَوِّمُهَا وَ يَسْتَسْعِيهَا".

Hadith.3438 - Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl narrated from Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as), about two men who jointly own a female slave. One of them frees his half, and the slave says to the one who did not free his half, "I do not want to be valued; leave me as I am, and I will continue serving you." Meanwhile, the owner intends to marry the other half of her. Imam (as) said: "He should not do that, for a woman cannot have two private parts. Nor should he use her for service. Instead, he must value her and let her work to pay off the remaining portion."

3439 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا عَبْدٌ فَأَعْتَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ مُضَارّاً كُلِّفَ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ كُلَّهُ وَ إِلاَّ اُسْتُسْعِيَ اَلْعَبْدُ فِي اَلنِّصْفِ اَلْآخَرِ".

Hadith.3439 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), that he was asked about two men who jointly owned a slave, and one of them freed his share. Imam (as) said: "If he did so with the intent of causing harm, he will be required to free the slave completely. Otherwise, the slave must work to pay off the value of the remaining half."

3440 - وَ رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ وَرِثَ غُلاَماً وَ لَهُ فِيهِ شُرَكَاءُ فَأَعْتَقَ لِوَجْهِ اَللَّهِ نَصِيبَهُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبَهُ مُضَارَّةً وَ هُوَ مُوسِرٌ ضَمِنَ لِلْوَرَثَةِ وَ إِذَا أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبَهُ لِوَجْهِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَانَ اَلْغُلاَمُ قَدْ أُعْتِقَ مِنْهُ حِصَّةُ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ وَ يَسْتَعْمِلُونَهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا لَهُمْ فِيهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ نِصْفُهُ عَمِلَ لَهُمْ يَوْماً وَ لَهُ يَوْمٌ وَ إِنْ أَعْتَقَ اَلشَّرِيكُ مُضَارّاً فَلاَ عِتْقَ لَهُ لِأَنَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُفْسِدَ عَلَى اَلْقَوْمِ وَ يَرْجِعُ اَلْقَوْمُ عَلَى حِصَّتِهِمْ".

Hadith.3440 - Hariz narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as), "A man inherited a slave, and there were partners with him in the ownership of the slave. He freed his share for the sake of Allah (swt)." Imam (as) said: "If he freed his share with the intent of causing harm while being financially capable, he must compensate the heirs. But if he freed his share sincerely for the sake of Allah (swt), the portion belonging to the one who freed him is emancipated. The remaining partners may utilize the slave according to their shares. For instance, if half of the slave is still owned by the partners, the slave will work one day for them and one day for himself. However, if the partner freed his share with the intent of causing harm, the emancipation is invalid because he intended to create disruption for the others. In such a case, the remaining partners retain their shares."

3441 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ عِتْقَ إِلاَّ مَا أُرِيدَ بِهِ وَجْهُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".

Hadith.3441 - Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): "There is no valid emancipation except that which is done sincerely for the sake of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic."

3442 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ اَلْأَمَةُ فَيَقُولُ مَتَى آتِيهَا فَهِيَ حُرَّةٌ ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ ثُمَّ يَشْتَرِيهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَأْتِيَهَا قَدْ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ مِلْكِهِ".

Hadith.3442 - Al-Ala' narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams, peace be upon them, who said: I asked him about a man who owned a bondwoman and said: "Whenever I approach her, she will be free." Then he sold her to another man and later bought her back. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in approaching her, as she had exited his ownership."

3443 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِثَلاَثَةِ مَمَالِيكَ لَهُ أَنْتُمْ أَحْرَارٌ وَ كَانَ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ اَلنَّاسِ أَعْتَقْتَ مَمَالِيكَكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَ يَجِبُ عِتْقُ اَلْأَرْبَعَةِ حِينَ أَجْمَلَهُمْ أَوْ هُوَ لِلثَّلاَثَةِ اَلَّذِينَ أَعْتَقَ قَالَ "إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ اَلْعِتْقُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ".

Hadith.3443 - It is narrated from Sama'ah, who said: I asked him about a man who said to three of his slaves, "You are free," while he actually had four slaves. Then someone said to him: "You have freed all your slaves." He replied: "Yes." I asked: "Is the emancipation binding for all four because he generalized them, or is it limited to the three whom he specifically mentioned?" Imam (as) said: "Emancipation is binding only for those he specifically freed."

3444 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ زَوَّجَ أَمَتَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَ شَرَطَ لَهُ أَنَّ مَا وَلَدَتْ مِنْ وَلَدٍ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ فَطَلَّقَهَا زَوْجُهَا أَوْ مَاتَ عَنْهَا فَزَوَّجَهَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ مَا مَنْزِلَةُ وَلَدِهَا قَالَ "بِمَنْزِلَتِهَا إِنَّمَا جَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لِلْأَوَّلِ وَ هُوَ فِي اَلْآخَرِ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ أَعْتَقَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَ".

Hadith.3444 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who married his bondwoman to another man and stipulated that any child she bore would be free. Then her husband either divorced her or died, and she was married to another man. I asked: "What is the status of her child in this case?" Imam (as) said: "The child is regarded like her. That condition applied only to the first husband. As for the second husband, he has the option-if he wishes, he may free the child, and if he wishes, he may keep the child as a slave."

3445 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لاَ طَلاَقَ قَبْلَ نِكَاحٍ وَ لاَ عِتْقَ قَبْلَ مِلْكٍ".

Hadith.3445 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said: "There is no divorce before marriage, and there is no emancipation before ownership."

3446 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِغُلاَمِهِ أُعْتِقُكَ عَلَى أَنْ أُزَوِّجَكَ جَارِيَتِي هَذِهِ فَإِنْ نَكَحْتَ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ تَسَرَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ فَأَعْتَقَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَنَكَحَ أَوْ تَسَرَّى أَ عَلَيْهِ مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ وَ يَجُوزُ شَرْطُهُ قَالَ "يَجُوزُ عَلَيْهِ شَرْطُهُ".

Hadith.3446 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah asked him about a man who said to his slave, "I will free you on the condition that I marry you to this bondwoman of mine. However, if you marry another woman or take another concubine, you will be liable for one hundred dinars." Then he freed him based on this condition, and the slave either married another woman or took another concubine. Abd al-Rahman asked: "Is he liable for the one hundred dinars, and is his condition valid?" Imam (as) said: "His condition is valid, and he is liable for it."

3447 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكَهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ اِبْنَتَهُ وَ شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ تَزَوَّجَ أَوْ تَسَرَّى عَلَيْهَا فَعَلَيْهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ "يَجُوزُ".

Hadith.3447 - Abu Abdullah (as), was asked about a man who freed his slave on the condition that he marries his daughter and stipulated that if he marries another woman or takes another concubine, he would be liable for a specific amount. Imam (as) said: "It is permissible."

3448 - وَ سَأَلَهُ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ جَارِيَتَهُ وَ شَرَطَ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ تَخْدُمَهُ خَمْسَ سِنِينَ فَأَبَقَتْ ثُمَّ مَاتَ اَلرَّجُلُ فَوَجَدَهَا وَرَثَتُهُ أَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَسْتَخْدِمُوهَا قَالَ "لاَ".

Hadith.3448 - Ya'qub ibn Shu'ayb asked him about a man who freed his bondwoman on the condition that she serves him for five years. However, she ran away, and then the man died. Ya'qub asked: "If his heirs find her, do they have the right to make her serve them?" Imam (as) said: "No."

3449 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ عَبْداً لَهُ مَالٌ لِمَنْ مَالُ اَلْعَبْدِ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالاً تَبِعَهُ مَالُهُ وَ إِلاَّ فَهُوَ لِلْمُعْتِقِ" وَ فِي رَجُلٍ بَاعَ مَمْلُوكاً وَ لَهُ مَالٌ قَالَ "إِنْ عَلِمَ مَوْلاَهُ اَلَّذِي بَاعَهُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالاً فَالْمَالُ لِلْمُشْتَرِي وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَعْلَمِ اَلْبَائِعُ فَالْمَالُ لِلْبَائِعِ".

Hadith.3449 - Jamil narrated from Zurarah, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) and Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), regarding a man who freed a slave that had wealth. The Imams (as) said: "If he knew that the slave had wealth, then the wealth belongs to the freed slave. But if he did not know, then the wealth belongs to the one who emancipated him." And regarding a man who sold a slave that had wealth, the Imams (as) said: "If the seller knew that the slave had wealth, then the wealth belongs to the buyer. But if the seller did not know, then the wealth belongs to the seller."

3450 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا كَانَ لِلرَّجُلِ مَمْلُوكٌ فَأَعْتَقَهُ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالاً وَ لَمْ يَكُنِ اِسْتَثْنَى اَلسَّيِّدُ اَلْمَالَ حِينَ أَعْتَقَهُ فَهُوَ لِلْعَبْدِ".

Hadith.3450 - Ibn Bukayr narrated from Zurarah, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "If a man has a slave and frees him, knowing that the slave has wealth, and the master did not exclude the wealth at the time of freeing him, then the wealth belongs to the slave."

3451 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ عَبْداً لَهُ وَ لِلْعَبْدِ مَالٌ فَتُوُفِّيَ اَلَّذِي أَعْتَقَ اَلْعَبْدَ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ مَالُ اَلْعَبْدِ أَ يَكُونُ لِلَّذِي أَعْتَقَ اَلْعَبْدَ أَوْ لِلْعَبْدِ قَالَ "إِذَا أَعْتَقَهُ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالاً فَمَالُهُ لَهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ فَمَالُهُ لِوُلْدِ سَيِّدِهِ".

Hadith.3451 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah asked him about a man who freed his slave, and the slave had wealth. Then the man who freed the slave passed away. Abd al-Rahman asked: "To whom does the wealth of the slave belong? Does it go to the one who freed the slave, or does it belong to the slave?" Imam (as) said: "If he freed him knowing that the slave had wealth, then the wealth belongs to the slave. But if he did not know, then the wealth belongs to the children of his master."

3452 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ قِيمَةُ اَلْعَبْدِ مِثْلَ اَلَّذِي عَلَيْهِ وَ مِثْلَهُ جَازَ عِتْقُهُ وَ إِلاَّ لَمْ يَجُزْ".

Hadith.3452 - Jamil narrated from Zurarah, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who freed his slave at the time of his death while he was in debt. Imam (as) said: "If the value of the slave equals the amount of his debt or more, the emancipation is valid. Otherwise, it is not valid."

3453 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ إِنْ مِتُّ فَعَبْدِي حُرٌّ وَ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ دَيْنٌ قَالَ "إِنْ تُوُفِّيَ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ قَدْ أَحَاطَ بِثَمَنِ اَلْعَبْدِ بِيعَ اَلْعَبْدُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَاطَ بِثَمَنِ اَلْعَبْدِ اُسْتُسْعِيَ اَلْعَبْدُ فِي قَضَاءِ دَيْنِ مَوْلاَهُ وَ هُوَ حُرٌّ بِهِ إِذَا أَوْفَاهُ".

Hadith.3453 - Hammad narrated from al-Halabi, from Abu Abdullah (as), that he was asked about a man who said: "If I die, my slave is free," while the man was in debt. Imam (as) said: "If he dies and his debt equals the value of the slave, the slave shall be sold to pay off the debt. But if the debt does not equal the value of the slave, the slave must work to pay off his master's debt, and he becomes free once the debt is fully repaid."

3454 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ تَرَكَ سِتِّينَ مَمْلُوكاً وَ أَوْصَى بِعِتْقِ ثُلُثِهِمْ فَأَقْرَعْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَخْرَجْتُ عِشْرِينَ فَأَعْتَقْتُهُمْ".

Hadith.3454 - Muhammad ibn Marwan narrated from Imam (as) who said: "My father, peace be upon him, left sixty slaves and instructed in his will to free one-third of them. So, I cast lots among them and selected twenty, then I freed them."

3455 - وَ رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ مَمْلُوكاً بَيْنَ نَفَرٍ فَشَهِدَ أَحَدُهُمْ أَنَّ اَلْمَيِّتَ أَعْتَقَهُ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ اَلشَّاهِدُ مَرْضِيّاً لَمْ يَضْمَنْ وَ جَازَتْ شَهَادَتُهُ فِي نَصِيبِهِ وَ اُسْتُسْعِيَ اَلْعَبْدُ فِيمَا كَانَ لِلْوَرَثَةِ".

Hadith.3455 - Hariz narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams (as), peace be upon them, who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who left a slave jointly owned by several people, and one of them testified that the deceased had freed the slave. Imam (as) said: "If the witness is trustworthy, he does not have to compensate the others, and his testimony is valid for his share. As for the remaining shares belonging to the heirs, the slave must work to pay off their value."