Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ اَلزَّرَّادِ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْوَرْدِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلنَّاسَ فِي آخِرِ جُمُعَةٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ« أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَظَلَّكُمْ شَهْرٌ فِيهِ لَيْلَةٌ« خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ» وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ صِيَامَهُ وَ جَعَلَ قِيَامَ لَيْلَةٍ فِيهِ بِتَطَوُّعِ صَلاَةٍ كَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ بِصَلاَةِ سَبْعِينَ لَيْلَةً فِيمَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ اَلشُّهُورِ وَ جَعَلَ لِمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ فِيهِ بِخَصْلَةٍ مِنْ خِصَالِ اَلْخَيْرِ وَ اَلْبِرِّ كَأَجْرِ مَنْ أَدَّى فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَنْ أَدَّى فِيهِ فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَانَ كَمَنْ أَدَّى سَبْعِينَ فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اَللَّهِ فِيمَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ اَلشُّهُورِ وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ اَلصَّبْرِ وَ إِنَّ اَلصَّبْرَ ثَوَابُهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ اَلْمُوَاسَاةِ وَ هُوَ شَهْرٌ يَزِيدُ اَللَّهُ فِي رِزْقِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ مَنْ فَطَّرَ فِيهِ مُؤْمِناً صَائِماً كَانَ لَهُ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ بِذَلِكَ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ وَ مَغْفِرَةٌ لِذُنُوبِهِ فِيمَا مَضَى» فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَيْسَ كُلُّنَا يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يُفَطِّرَ صَائِماً فَقَالَ« إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى كَرِيمٌ يُعْطِي هَذَا اَلثَّوَابَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَذْقَةٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ يُفَطِّرُ بِهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ شَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ عَذْبٍ أَوْ تَمْرَةٍ لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ مَنْ خَفَّفَ فِيهِ عَنْ مَمْلُوكِهِ خَفَّفَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ حِسَابَهُ وَ هُوَ شَهْرٌ أَوَّلُهُ رَحْمَةٌ وَ وَسَطُهُ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَ آخِرُهُ إِجَابَةٌ وَ اَلْعِتْقُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ لاَ غَنَاءَ بِكُمْ فِيهِ عَنْ أَرْبَعِ خِصَالٍ خَصْلَتَيْنِ تُرْضُونَ اَللَّهَ بِهِمَا وَ خَصْلَتَيْنِ لاَ غَنَاءَ بِكُمْ عَنْهُمَا أَمَّا اَللَّتَانِ تُرْضُونَ اَللَّهَ بِهِمَا فَشَهَادَةُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ وَ أَمَّا اَللَّتَانِ لاَ غَنَاءَ بِكُمْ عَنْهُمَا فَتَسْأَلُونَ اَللَّهَ فِيهِ حَوَائِجَكُمْ وَ اَلْجَنَّةَ وَ تَسْأَلُونَ اَلْعَافِيَةَ وَ تَتَعَوَّذُونَ بِهِ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ»»

Al-Husayn ibn Said from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub al-Zarrad from Abu Ayyub from Abu al-Ward from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, delivered a sermon to the people on the last Friday of Shaban. Prophet (saws) praised Allah (swt) and glorified Him (azj), then said: “O people, indeed there has come upon you a month in which there is a night that is ‘better than a thousand months’. It is the Month of Ramadan. Allah (swt) has made its fasting obligatory and made standing in prayer during one of its nights in voluntary prayer equal to one who has offered prayer on seventy nights outside of it in other months. And whoever performs in it, one act of goodness or righteousness voluntarily, it will be as the reward of one who has fulfilled an obligation among the obligations of Allah (swt), Mighty and Exalted. And whoever fulfills in it, an obligatory act among the obligations of Allah (swt), Mighty and Exalted, it will be as if he has fulfilled seventy obligatory acts in other months. And it is the month of patience (sabr), and indeed the reward of patience is Paradise. And it is the month of compassion, and it is the month in which Allah (swt) increases the sustenance of the believers. And whoever provides iftar to a fasting believer in it, it will be for him with Allah (swt) the reward of freeing a slave and forgiveness for his past sins.” It was said to the Prophet (saws): “O Messenger of Allah (swt), not all of us are able to provide iftar to a fasting person.” So Prophet (saws) said: “Indeed, Allah (swt), the Exalted, is Generous. He (azj) gives this reward even to the one who is only able to offer a sip of milk with which a fasting person breaks his fast, or a drink of fresh water, or a single date if he is unable to give more than that. And whoever lightens the burden on his servant during this month, Allah (swt) will lighten his reckoning for him. And it is a month its beginning is mercy, its middle is forgiveness, and its end is acceptance and freedom from the Fire. And you have no need in this month to do without four qualities; two by which you please Allah (swt), and two which you cannot do without. As for the two by which you please Allah (swt), (it is) the testimony that there is ‘no God but Allah (swt)’, and that ‘I (Prophet Muhammad (saws) am the Messenger of Allah (swt)’. And as for the two which you cannot do without, you ask Allah (swt) for your needs and for Paradise, and you ask Him (azj) for well-being and seek refuge with Him (azj) from the Fire.”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي« صَلِّ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ لَيْلَةِ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا إِنْ قَوِيتَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ سِوَى اَلثَّلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ وَ اِسْهَرْ فِيهِمَا حَتَّى تُصْبِحَ فَإِنَّهُ يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ تَكُونَ فِي صَلاَةٍ وَ دُعَاءٍ وَ تَضَرُّعٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُرْجَى أَنْ تَكُونَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ فِي إِحْدَاهُمَا وَ« لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ»» فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ هِيَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ قَالَ« اَلْعَمَلُ فِيهَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ اَلْعَمَلِ فِي أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ وَ لَيْسَ فِي هَذِهِ اَلْأَشْهُرِ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ وَ هِيَ تَكُونُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ« فِيهٰا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ»» فَقُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ ذَاكَ فَقَالَ «مَا يَكُونُ فِي اَلسَّنَةِ وَ فِيهَا يُكْتَبُ اَلْوَفْدُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ»

From him, from al-Hasan, from Zurah, from Sama’ah, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said to me (Sama’ah): “Pray on the night of the twenty-first and the night of the twenty-third of the Month of Ramadan; in each of these nights, if you have the strength; one hundred rak’ahs, aside from the thirteen (regular) rak’ahs (meaning salat al layl). And stay awake during them until morning, for it is recommended that you remain in prayer, supplication, and humble entreaty, for it is hoped that one of them will be the Night of Qadr. And ‘The Night of Qadr is better than a thousand months.’” (Surah Al-Qadr 97:3). So I said to Imam (a.s): “How is it better than a thousand months?” Imam (a.s) said: “The deeds performed during it are better than deeds performed over a thousand months, and in those (other) months there is no ‘Night of Qadr’. It occurs only in the Month of Ramadan. And (as Allah (swt) says): ‘In it every wise matter is decreed.’” (Surah Al-Qadr 97:4) I asked: “And how is that?” Imam (a.s) said: “Whatever will occur in the year is decreed during it and in it is written those who will go as pilgrims to Mecca.”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ قَالَ« هِيَ لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ أَوْ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ» قُلْتُ أَ لَيْسَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ لَيْلَةٌ قَالَ« بَلَى» قُلْتُ فَأَخْبِرْنِي بِهَا فَقَالَ« وَ مَا عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ خَيْراً فِي لَيْلَتَيْنِ»

From him, from Ibn Abi Umayr from Ibn Bukayr from Zurarah from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Baqir (a.s) about the ‘Night of Qadr’. Imam (a.s) said: “It is the night of the twenty-first or the twenty-third (of the Month of Ramadan).” I asked: “Is it not just one night?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, indeed.” I asked: “Then inform me which one it is.” Imam (a.s) said: “What harm is there upon you in doing good on both nights?”

عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ اَللَّيْلَةُ اَلَّتِي يُرْجَى فِيهَا مَا يُرْجَى فَقَالَ« فِي إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ أَوْ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ» قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْوَ عَلَى كِلْتَيْهِمَا فَقَالَ« مَا أَيْسَرَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ فِيمَا تَطْلُبُ» قَالَ قُلْتُ فَرُبَّمَا رَأَيْنَا اَلْهِلاَلَ عِنْدَنَا وَجَاءَنَامَنْ يُخْبِرُ نَابِخِلاَفِ ذَلِكَ فِي أَرْضٍ أُخْرَى فَقَالَ« مَا أَيْسَرَ أَرْبَعَ لَيَالٍ تَطْلُبُهَا فِيهَا» قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْجُهَنِيِّ فَقَالَ« إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيُقَالُ» قُلْتُ إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ خَالِدٍ رَوَى فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ يُكْتَبُ وَفْدُ اَلْحَاجِّ فَقَالَ« يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ يُكْتَبُ وَفْدُ اَلْحَاجِّ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ وَاَلْمَنَايَا وَاَلْبَلاَيَا وَاَلْأَرْزَاقُ وَمَا يَكُونُ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا فِي قَابِلٍ فَاطْلُبْهَا فِي إِحْدَى وَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ صَلِّ فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَأَحْيِهِمَا إِنِ اِسْتَطَعْتَ» قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَسْتَطِعْ قَالَ« فَلاَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَكْتَحِلَ فِي أَوَّلِ اَللَّيْلِ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ اَلنَّوْمِ إِنَّ أَبْوَابَ اَلسَّمَاءِ تُفَتَّحُ فِي رَمَضَانَ وَ تُصَفَّدُ اَلشَّيَاطِينُ وَ تُقْبَلُ أَعْمَالُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ نِعْمَ اَلشَّهْرُ رَمَضَانُ كَانَ يُسَمَّى عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلْمَرْزُوقَ»

From him, from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali, who said: I was with Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, and Abu Basir said to Imam (a.s): “The night in which that which is hoped for is to be hoped which night is it?” Imam (a.s) said: “The twenty-first or the twenty-third (of the Month of Ramadan).” He (Abu Basir) asked: “And if I do not have the strength for both of them?” Imam (a.s) said: “How easy are two nights for what you seek!” I asked: “Sometimes we see the new moon in our region, then someone comes to us from another land informing us of something different.” Imam (a.s) said: “How easy it is to seek it over four nights!” I asked: “May I be your ransom, is the twenty-third night, ‘the night of al-Juhaniyy’?” Imam (a.s) said: “That is indeed said.” I asked: “Sulayman ibn Khalid narrated that on the nineteenth [of Month of Ramadan], the names of the pilgrims are written.” Imam (a.s) said: “O Aba Muhammad, the names of the pilgrims are written on the ‘Night of Qadr’, along with (the decrees of) death, trials, provisions, and all that will occur until the same time the following year. So seek it on the twenty-first and the twenty-third (of the Month of Ramadan). Pray one hundred rak’ahs on each of them, and keep them alive (with worship) if you are able.” I asked: “And if I am not able?” Imam (a.s) said: “Then there is no harm in applying a little sleep to your eyes at the start of the night. Indeed, the gates of the heavens are opened in (month of) Ramadan, the devils are chained, and the deeds of the believers are accepted. What a blessed month Ramadan is! It used to be called, in the time of the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, ‘al-Marzuq’ (the blessed and provisioned one).”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْوَلِيدِ عَنْ مُحَسِّنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى اَلْقَمَّاطِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« أُرِيَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي مَنَامِهِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ لع يَصْعَدُونَ مِنْبَرَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ يُضِلُّونَ اَلنَّاسَ عَنِ اَلصِّرَاطِ اَلْقَهْقَرَى فَأَصْبَحَ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً» قَالَ« فَهَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ مَالِي أَرَاكَ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً فَقَالَ« يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فِي لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ يَصْعَدُونَ مِنْبَرِي مِنْ بَعْدِي وَ يُضِلُّونَ اَلنَّاسَ عَنِ اَلصِّرَاطِ اَلْقَهْقَرَى» فَقَالَ وَ اَلَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّ هَذَا شَيْءٌ مَا اِطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ عَرَجَ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِآيٍ مِنَ اَلْقُرْآنِ يُؤْنِسُهُ بِهَا قَالَ« أَفَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَتَّعْنٰاهُمْ سِنِينَ` ثُمَّ جٰاءَهُمْ مٰا كٰانُوا يُوعَدُونَ` مٰا أَغْنىٰ عَنْهُمْ مٰا كٰانُوا يُمَتَّعُونَ» وَ أَنْزَلَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ« إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ` وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مٰا لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ` لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ» جَعَلَ اَللَّهُ لَيْلَةً لِنَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ خَيْراً مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرِ مُلْكِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ لَعَنَهُمُ اَللَّهُ»

Muhammad ibn Yaqub from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hasan from Muhammad ibn al-Walid from Muhassin ibn Ahmad from Yunus ibn Yaqub from Ali ibn Isa al-Qammat from his uncle: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, was shown in his dream Banu Umayyah, may Allah (swt) curse them, ascending His (saws) pulpit after him and leading the people astray, turning them backwards and away from the Straight Path (al-sirat al-qahqara). So Prophet (saws) awoke, filled with sorrow and grief.” Then, Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Then Jibra’il (a.s) descended to Prophet (saws) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah (swt), why do I see you sorrowful and grieved?’ Prophet (saws) said: “O Jibra’il, I saw Banu Umayyah in my dream tonight ascending my pulpit after me and leading the people astray, turning them backwards from the Straight Path.” Jibra’il (a.s) said: “By the One (azj) who sent you with the truth, this is something I had no knowledge of.” Then Jibra’il (a.s) ascended to the heavens, and it was not long before he descended upon the Prophet (a.s) with verses from the Qur’an to comfort Him (saws) with them. Jibra’il (a.s) relayed: ‘So have you seen if We give them enjoyment for years, then comes to them what they were promised nothing of what they used to enjoy will avail them.’ (Surah Ash Shu'ara 26:205-207) And Allah (swt) revealed to Prophet (saws): ‘Indeed, We sent it down on the Night of Qadr. And what can make you know what the Night of Qadr is? The Night of Qadr is better than a thousand months.’ (Surah Al-Qadr 97:1-3)” (Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) continued) “Thus, Allah (swt) made for His Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, a single night better than a thousand months the duration of the rule of Banu Umayyah, may Allah (swt) curse them.”

وَ عَنْهُ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ أَخِي هِشَامٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عُتَقَاءَ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ إِلاَّ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ عَلَى مُسْكِرٍ أَوْ مُشَاحِنٍ أَوْ صَاحِبَ شَاهَيْنِ» قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ صَاحِبُ شَاهَيْنِ قَالَ« اَلشِّطْرَنْجُ»

And from him, from Ibn Abi Umayr from Muhammad ibn al-Hakam, the brother of Hisham, from Umar ibn Yazid from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Indeed, Allah (swt), the Exalted, has on every day of the Month of Ramadan, those whom He (azj) frees from the Fire, except one who breaks his fast with intoxicants, or one who harbors enmity (a quarrelsome person), or one who plays with two pieces.” I asked: “What is meant by the one who plays with two pieces?” Imam (a.s) said: “Chess (al-shitranj).”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ اَلنَّهِيكِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا جَاءَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ زَادَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ أَنَا أَزِيدُ فَزِيدُوا»

Ali ibn Hatim from Humayd ibn Ziyad, who said: Abdullah ibn Ahmad al-Nahiki narrated to us from Ali ibn al-Hasan from Muhammad ibn Ziyad from Abu Khadijah from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “When the Month of Ramadan would arrive, the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, would increase in prayer, and I too increase (in prayer), so you should also increase (in prayer).”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْمَرْوَزِيِّ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَسُئِلَ هَلْ يُزَادُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي صَلاَةِ اَلنَّوَافِلِ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ قَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ فِي مُصَلاَّهُ فَيُكْثِرُ وَ كَانَ اَلنَّاسُ يَجْتَمِعُونَ خَلْفَهُ لِيُصَلُّوا بِصَلاَتِهِ فَإِذَا كَثُرُوا خَلْفَهُ تَرَكَهُمْ وَ دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ فَإِذَا تَفَرَّقَ اَلنَّاسُ عَادَ إِلَى مُصَلاَّهُ فَصَلَّى كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فَإِذَا كَثُرَ اَلنَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ تَرَكَهُمْ وَ دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ وَ كَانَ يَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ مِرَاراً»

Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal from Ismail ibn Mihran from al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan al-Marwazi from Yunus ibn Abd al-Rahman from Muhammad ibn Yahya, who said: I was with Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, when Imam (a.s) was asked: “Is it permissible to increase in supererogatory prayers (nawafil) during the Month of Ramadan?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes. The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, used to pray after the Atamah (Isha prayer) in his prayer place, and He (saws) would lengthen the prayer. The people would gather behind him to pray along with him. But when they increased (in praying) behind Him (saws), Prophet (saws) would leave them and enter his house. When the people dispersed, Prophet (saws) would return to his prayer place and resume praying as he had been doing. But when the people gathered behind him again in large numbers, He (saws) would leave them and enter his house. And Prophet (saws) used to do this repeatedly.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ قَالَ إِنَّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ لَهُ:« إِنَّ أَصْحَابَنَا هَؤُلاَءِ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَزِيدُوا فِي صَلاَتِهِمْ فِي رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ زَادَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي صَلاَتِهِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Khalid, from Sayf ibn Umayrah, from Ishaq ibn Ammar, from Jabir ibn Abdillah who said: (Jabir said) “Verily, Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said: ‘Indeed, our companions here refuse to add anything to their prayers during the Month of Ramadan, while the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, did increase in his prayer during the Month of Ramadan.’”

عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلنُّعْمَانِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ: أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَ يَزِيدُ اَلرَّجُلُ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ« نَعَمْ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَدْ زَادَ فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ»

From him, from Muhammad ibn Ali, from Ali ibn al-Numan, from Mansur ibn Hazim, from Abu Basir: Abu Basir asked Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “Should a man increase in prayer during (month of) Ramadan?” Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, indeed the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, did increase in prayer during (month of) Ramadan.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعَبَّاسِ اَلْبَقْبَاقِ وَ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَزِيدُ فِي صَلاَتِهِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى اَلْعَتَمَةَ صَلَّى بَعْدَهَا يَقُومُ اَلنَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ فَيَدْخُلُ وَ يَدَعُهُمْ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ أَيْضاً فَيَجِيئُونَ وَ يَقُومُونَ خَلْفَهُ فَيَدْخُلُ وَ يَدَعُهُمْ مِرَاراً» قَالَ وَ قَالَ« لاَ تُصَلِّ بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ فِي غَيْرِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ»

Muhammad ibn Yaqub, from Ali ibn Ibrahim, from Muhammad ibn Isa ibn Ubayd, from Yunus, from Abu al-Abbas al-Baqbaq and Ubayd ibn Zurarah, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, used to increase in his prayer during the Month of Ramadan. When Prophet (saws) prayed the Atamah (night prayer), He (saws) would then pray afterward; the people would stand behind Him (saws), so Prophet (saws) would enter (his home) and leave them (meaning so they do not follow him in those prayers). Then Prophet (saws) would come out again, and they would come and stand behind him, so He (saws) would enter and leave them repeatedly.” Zurarah said, that Imam (a.s) (also) said: “Do not pray after the Atamah in any month other than (month of) Ramadan.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ اَلْمُؤَدِّبِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ اَلنَّضْرِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« إِنِ اِسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ غَيْرِهِ فِي اَلْيَوْمِ وَ اَللَّيْلَةِ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ فَافْعَلْ فَإِنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي اَلْيَوْمِ وَ اَللَّيْلَةِ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ»

Ali ibn Hatim, from Muhammad ibn Ja’far al-Muaddib, who said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from al-Nadr ibn Shuayb, from Jamil ibn Salih, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “If you are able to pray during the Month of Ramadan and outside of it one thousand rak’ahs in a day and night, then do so. For indeed, Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, used to pray one thousand rak’ahs in a day and night.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلْمَرْوَزِيِّ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنِ اَلْجَعْفَرِيِّ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ اَلْعَبْدَ اَلصَّالِحَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ:« فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِائَةُ رَكْعَةٍ يُقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ'« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ»

Ali ibn al-Hasan, from Ismail ibn Mihran, from al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan al-Marwazi, from Yunus ibn Abd al-Rahman, from al-Ja’fari, that he heard the Abd al Saleh (a.s) (Righteous Servant of Allah (swt)), peace be upon him, say: Imam al-Kadhim (a.s) said: “On the night of the twenty-first and the twenty-third (of Month of Ramadan), there are one hundred rak’ahs. In each rak’ah ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) is to be recited ten times.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو يَحْيَى عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِمَّنْ يُوثَقُ بِهِمْ قَالَ:« مَنْ صَلَّى لَيْلَةَ اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ يَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ بِ«قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» فَذَلِكَ أَلْفُ مَرَّةٍ فِي مِائَةٍ لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى يَرَى فِي مَنَامِهِ مِائَةً مِنَ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ ثَلاَثِينَ يُبَشِّرُونَهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَهُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ تَعْصِمُهُ مِنْ أَنْ يُخْطِئَ وَ عَشَرَةً يَكِيدُونَ مَنْ كَادَهُ

Ali ibn Hatim, from Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, who said: Abbad ibn Yaqub narrated to us, who said: Amr ibn Thabit informed us, from Muhammad ibn Marwan, who said: Abu Yahya narrated to me, from a group among those who are trusted, who said: It was said: “Whoever prays one hundred rak’ahs on the night of the middle of the Month of Ramadan, reciting in every rak’ah ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) ten times, that amounts to one thousand recitations in one hundred rak’ahs, He will not die until he sees in his dream one hundred angels; thirty giving him glad tidings of Paradise, thirty securing him from the Fire, thirty protecting him from making mistakes, and ten plotting against those who plot against him.”

عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بُنْدَارَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« مَنْ صَلَّى لَيْلَةَ اَلنِّصْفِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ يَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ بِقُلْ هُوَ اَللَّهُ أَحَدٌ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ أَهْبَطَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ عَشَرَةً يَدْرَءُونَ عَنْهُ أَعْدَاءَهُ مِنَ اَلْجِنِّ وَ اَلْإِنْسِ وَ أَهْبَطَ اَللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ ثَلاَثِينَ مَلَكاً يُؤْمِنُونَهُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ»

From him, from Ahmad ibn Idris, from Muhammad ibn Bundar, who said: Muhammad ibn Ali narrated to us, from Ali ibn al-Hakam, from Sayf ibn Umayrah, from Sulayman ibn Amr, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: The Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “Whoever prays one hundred rak’ahs on the night of the middle of the Month of Ramadan, reciting in every rak’ah ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) ten times, Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, will send down to him ten angels who will ward off his enemies from among the jinn and humankind, And Allah (swt) will send down to him at the time of his death thirty angels who will secure him from the Fire.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« مِمَّا كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يَصْنَعُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كَانَ يَتَنَفَّلُ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ وَ يَزِيدُ عَلَى صَلاَتِهِ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّيهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ مُنْذُ أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ إِلَى تَمَامِ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ مِنْهَا بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ وَ يُصَلِّي فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ ثَلاَثِينَ رَكْعَةً اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ مِنْهَا بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ وَ يَدْعُو وَ يَجْتَهِدُ اِجْتِهَاداً شَدِيداً وَكَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ يُصَلِّي فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ يَجْتَهِدُ فِيهِمَا»

Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal, from Harun ibn Muslim, from Masadah ibn Sadaqah, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “Among the things that the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, used to do in the Month of Ramadan was that He (saws) would perform supererogatory prayers every night and would add to his regular prayers, that He (saws) used to pray before that from the first night until the completion of twenty nights. In every night, twenty rak’ahs; eight of them after Maghrib and twelve after the final Isha prayer. And Prophet (saws) would pray during the last ten nights every night thirty rak’ahs; twelve of them after Maghrib and eighteen after the final Isha prayer. He (saws) would supplicate and exert himself with great effort. And Prophet (saws) used to pray one hundred rak’ahs on the night of the twenty-first, and He (saws) would pray one hundred rak’ahs on the night of the twenty-third, and He (saws) would exert himself in both of them.”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كَمْ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ فَقَالَ «كَمَا يُصَلَّى فِي غَيْرِهِ إِلاَّ أَنَّ لِرَمَضَانَ عَلَى سَائِرِ اَلشُّهُورِ مِنَ اَلْفَضْلِ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَزِيدَ فِي تَطَوُّعِهِ فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ وَ قَوِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَزِيدَ فِي أَوَّلِ اَلشَّهْرِ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً سِوَى مَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ هَذِهِ اَلْعِشْرِينَ اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بَيْنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ وَ ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي صَلاَةَ اَللَّيْلِ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَاَلْوَتْرَ ثَلاَثَ رَكَعَاتٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ يُسَلِّمُ فِيهِمَا ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَيُصَلِّي وَاحِدَةً يَقْنُتُ فِيهَا فَهَذَا اَلْوَتْرُ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيِ اَلْفَجْرِ حِينَ يَنْشَقُّ اَلْفَجْرُ فَهَذِهِ ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً فَإِذَا بَقِيَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَشْرُ لَيَالٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ رَكْعَةً فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ سِوَى هَذِهِ اَلثَّلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً يُصَلِّي بَيْنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً وَ ثَمَانَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ صَلاَةِ اَللَّيْلِ ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً كَمَا وَصَفْتُ لَكَ وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ يُصَلِّي فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا إِذَا قَوِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ سِوَى هَذِهِ اَلثَّلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً وَ لْيَسْهَرْ فِيهِمَا حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي صَلاَةٍ وَ دُعَاءٍ وَ تَضَرُّعٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُرْجَى أَنْ يَكُونَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْقَدْرِ فِي إِحْدَاهُمَا»

Al-Husayn ibn Said, from al-Hasan, from Zurah, from Sama’ah ibn Mihran, who said: I asked Imam (a.s) about the Month of Ramadan how much is to be prayed within it? Imam (a.s) said: “As is prayed in other months, except that (month of) Ramadan has over the rest of the months, a virtue which makes it befitting for the servant to increase in his supererogatory prayers. So if he wishes and is able to do so, let him increase during the first twenty nights of the month, each night twenty rak’ahs in addition to what he would normally pray before that. From these twenty, twelve rak’ahs are between Maghrib and Atamah (Isha), and eight rak’ahs after Atamah (Isha). Then he should pray the Night Prayer (salat al-layl), which he would pray before that eight rak’ahs, and the Witr, which is three rak’ahs; two rak’ahs in which he gives salam after them, then he stands and prays one rak’ah in which he recites qunut, this is Witr. Then he prays the two rak’ahs of Fajr when the dawn breaks these are thirteen rak’ahs. Then when there remains from the Month of Ramadan ten nights, then let him pray thirty rak’ahs each night, in addition to these thirteen rak’ahs. He should pray twenty-two rak’ahs between Maghrib and Isha, and eight rak’ahs after Atamah (Isha). Then after the Night Prayer (salat al-layl), let him pray thirteen rak’ahs as I have described to you. And on the night of the twenty-first and the twenty-third, let him pray on each of them, if he is able to do so, one hundred rak’ahs, in addition to these thirteen rak’ahs. And let him remain awake through both nights until morning, for it is recommended that they be spent in prayer, supplication, and humble entreaty. For it is hoped that Laylat al-Qadr is in one of them (the night of twenty-first or twenty-third).”

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ: دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ مَا تَقُولُ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ لَهُ« إِنَّ لِرَمَضَانَ لَحُرْمَةً وَ حَقّاً لاَ يُشْبِهُهُ شَيْءٌ مِنَ اَلشُّهُورِ صَلِّ مَا اِسْتَطَعْتَ فِي رَمَضَانَ تَطَوُّعاً بِاللَّيْلِ وَ اَلنَّهَارِ وَ إِنِ اِسْتَطَعْتَ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ فَصَلِّ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ فِي آخِرِ عُمُرِهِ يُصَلِّي فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ أَلْفَ رَكْعَةٍ فَصَلِّ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ زِيَادَةً فِي رَمَضَانَ» فَقَالَ كَمْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَقَالَ« فِي عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً تَمْضِي فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ قَبْلَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ وَاِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ بَعْدَهَا سِوَى مَا كُنْتَ تُصَلِّي قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَإِذَا دَخَلَ اَلْعَشْرُ اَلْأَ وَاخِرُ فَصَلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ رَكْعَةً كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ ثَمَانٍ قَبْلَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ وَ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ عِشْرِينَ بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ سِوَى مَا كُنْتَ تَفْعَلُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ»

Al-Husayn ibn Said, from al-Qasim, from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah, who said: We entered upon Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, and Abu Basir said to Imam (a.s): “What do you say about prayer in (month of) Ramadan?” Imam (a.s) said to Abu Basir: “Indeed, (month of) Ramadan has a sanctity and a right that no other month resembles. Pray as much as you are able in (month of) Ramadan, the supererogatory prayers by night and day. And if you are able to pray one thousand rak’ahs in every day and night, then pray. Indeed, Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, in the last part of his life, used to pray one thousand rak’ahs in every day and night. So pray, O’ Aba Muhammad, with increased devotion in (month of) Ramadan.” Abu Basir said: “May I be ransomed for you, how many (rak’ahs)?” Imam (a.s) said: “For twenty nights that pass, (pray) twenty rak’ahs each night eight rak’ahs before the Atamah (Isha) prayer and twelve after it in addition to what you used to pray before that. Then when the last ten (nights) enter, pray thirty rak’ahs each night eight before the Atamah (Isha) and twenty-two after the Atamah (Isha) in addition to what you used to do before that.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ اَلزُّرَارِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« صَلِّ فِي اَلْعِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثَمَانِياً بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ فَإِذَا كَانَتِ اَللَّيْلَةُ اَلَّتِي يُرْجَى فِيهَا مَا يُرْجَى فَصَلِّ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ تَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ» قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْوَ قَائِماً قَالَ« فَجَالِساً» قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْوَ جَالِساً قَالَ« فَصَلِّ وَ أَنْتَ مُسْتَلْقٍ عَلَى فِرَاشِكَ»

Ali ibn Hatim, from Ali ibn Sulayman al-Zurari, who said: Ahmad ibn Ishaq narrated to us, from Sadan ibn Muslim, from Abu Basir, who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “Pray during the twenty nights of the Month of Ramadan, eight (rak’ahs) after Maghrib and twelve rak’ahs after Atamah (Isha). Then when the night arrives, in which is hoped what is hoped (Laylat al-Qadr), pray one hundred rak’ahs, reciting in every rak’ah ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) ten times.” He (Abu Basir) said: “I asked, ‘May I be your ransom and if I am not able to stand?’” Imam (a.s) said: “Then (pray) sitting.” I asked: “And if I am not able to sit?” Imam (a.s) said: “Then pray while lying on your bed.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي اَلصُّهْبَانِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ إِنَّ عِدَّةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا اِجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى هَذَا اَلْحَدِيثِ مِنْهُمْ يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ صَبَّاحٌ اَلْحَذَّاءُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ سَمَاعَةُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ، قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ: وَ سَأَلْتُ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ هَذَا اَلْحَدِيثِ فَأَخْبَرَنِي بِهِ وَ قَالَ« هَؤُلاَءِ جَمِيعاً سَأَلْنَا عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كَيْفَ هِيَ وَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالُوا جَمِيعاً إِنَّهُ لَمَّا دَخَلَتْ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ اَلْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّيهِنَّ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ ثُمَّ صَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى اَلْعِشَاءَ اَلْآخِرَةَ وَ صَلَّى اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ اَللَّتَيْنِ كَانَ يُصَلِّيهِمَا بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ قَامَ فَصَلَّى اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ دَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ اَلنَّاسُ وَ نَظَرُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ قَدْ زَادَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ حِينَ دَخَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ سَأَلُوهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ« أَنَّ هَذِهِ اَلصَّلاَةَ صَلَّيْتُهَا لِفَضْلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى اَلشُّهُورِ» فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ اَللَّيْلِ قَامَ يُصَلِّي فَاصْطَفَّ اَلنَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ فَانْصَرَفَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ« أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّ هَذِهِ اَلصَّلاَةَ نَافِلَةٌ وَ لَنْ يُجْتَمَعَ لِلنَّافِلَةِ وَ لْيُصَلِّ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ وَحْدَهُ وَ لْيَقُلْ مَا عَلَّمَهُ اَللَّهُ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ وَ اِعْلَمُوا أَنْ لاَ جَمَاعَةَ فِي نَافِلَةٍ» فَافْتَرَقَ اَلنَّاسُ فَصَلَّى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى حِيَالِهِ لِنَفْسِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اِغْتَسَلَ حِينَ غَابَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ وَ صَلَّى اَلْمَغْرِبَ بِغُسْلٍ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى اَلْمَغْرِبَ وَ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّيهَا فِيمَا مَضَى فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ دَخَلَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ فَلَمَّا أَقَامَ بِلاَلٌ لِصَلاَةِ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ خَرَجَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا اِنْفَتَلَ صَلَّى اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَصَلَّى مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ يَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ فَاتِحَةَ اَلْكِتَابِ وَ« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ صَلَّى صَلاَتَهُ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّي كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ فِي آخِرِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ أَوْتَرَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَعَلَ كَمَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اَللَّيَالِي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ اِغْتَسَلَ حِينَ غَابَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ وَ صَلَّى فِيهَا مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلَ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي لَيْلَةِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ زَادَ فِي صَلاَتِهِ فَصَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَاِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ اِغْتَسَلَ أَيْضاً كَمَا اِغْتَسَلَ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ كَمَا اِغْتَسَلَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ» قَالُوا فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنْ صَلاَةِ اَلْخَمْسِينَ مَا حَالُهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ« كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يُصَلِّي هَذِهِ اَلصَّلاَةَ وَ يُصَلِّي صَلاَةَ اَلْخَمْسِينَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي غَيْرِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ لاَ يَنْقُصُ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً»

Ali ibn Hatim, from Ahmad ibn Ali, who said: Muhammad ibn Abi al-Suhban narrated to me, from Muhammad ibn Sulayman, who said: (Muhammad ibn Sulayman said) “Indeed, a group from among our companions gathered upon this hadith. Among them were Yunus ibn Abd al-Rahman from Abdillah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, And Sabbah al-Hadhdha from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu al-Hasan (a.s), And Sama’ah ibn Mihran from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him. He (Muhammad ibn Sulayman) said: “And I asked Imam al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, about this hadith, so Imam (a.s) informed me of it and said: ‘All of these (individuals) asked us about the prayer in the Month of Ramadan how it is and how the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, performed it. And they all said together: ‘When the first night of the Month of Ramadan entered, the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, prayed Maghrib, then He (saws) prayed four rak’ahs, those which He (saws) would normally pray after Maghrib, every night then He (saws) prayed eight rak’ahs. When Prophet (saws) prayed the final Isha and prayed the two rak’ahs, which He (saws) used to pray after the final Isha, while sitting every night. Prophet (saws) then stood and prayed twelve rak’ahs, and then entered his house. When the people saw that, and observed that the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, had increased in prayer upon the arrival of the Month of Ramadan, they asked Him (saws) about that. The Prophet (saws) informed them: ‘This prayer I have prayed is due to the virtue of the Month of Ramadan over other months.’ Then, when the night came again, Prophet (saws) stood to pray, and the people lined up behind Him (saws). So Prophet (saws) turned back to them and said: “O people, this prayer is a supererogatory (nafilah) prayer, and there is to be no congregation for the nafilah. Let each one of you pray alone, and let him recite what Allah (swt) has taught him from His (azj) Book. And know that there is no congregation in supererogatory prayer.” So the people dispersed, and each of them prayed individually by himself. Then, when it was the night of the nineteenth of the Month of Ramadan, Prophet (saws) performed ghusl (ritual bathing) when the sun set, and He (saws) prayed Maghrib with that ghusl. After praying Maghrib, and the four rak’ahs which He (saws) used to regularly pray every night after Maghrib, He (saws) entered his house. Then when Bilal gave the call to establish the final Isha prayer, the Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, led the people in prayer. When He (saws) finished and turned away (from the congregational prayer), he prayed the two rak’ahs while sitting, just as he used to pray every night. Then Prophet (saws) stood and prayed one hundred rak’ahs, reciting in each rak’ah the ‘Fatihat al-Kitab’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) ten times. When Prophet (saws) completed that, he prayed his usual night prayer, which he used to perform at the end of the night, and he performed Witr. Then when the twentieth night of the Month of Ramadan came, Prophet (saws) did as he had done on the previous nights of the Month of Ramadan, eight rak’ahs after Maghrib and twelve rak’ahs after the final Isha. When the night of the twenty-first came, Prophet (saws) performed ghusl when the sun had set and prayed that night, as he had done on the night of the nineteenth. When the night of the twenty-second came, Prophet (saws) increased in his prayer, so he prayed eight rak’ahs after Maghrib, and twenty-two rak’ahs after the final Isha. When the night of the twenty-third came, Prophet (saws) also performed ghusl just as he had done on the night of the nineteenth and as he had done on the night of the twenty-first, and then he did the same (prayers and actions) as that.” They (companions) said that they then asked Imam (a.s) about the fifty prayers, what is their status in the Month of Ramadan?” Imam (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, used to pray this prayer and also the fifty prayers, just as He (saws) would pray in the other than the Month of Ramadan, and He (saws) would not reduce anything from them.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ بُطَّةَ اَلْقُمِّيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ هَارُونُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ اَلْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:« يُصَلَّى فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ زِيَادَةُ أَلْفِ رَكْعَةٍ» قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَنْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ« لَيْسَ حَيْثُ تَذْهَبُ أَ لَيْسَ تُصَلِّي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ زِيَادَةَ أَلْفِ رَكْعَةٍ فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْهُ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً وَفِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَفِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ تُصَلِّي فِي ثَمَانِ لَيَالٍ مِنْهُ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ ثَلاَثِينَ رَكْعَةً فَهَذِهِ تِسْعُمِائَةٍ وَ عِشْرُونَ رَكْعَةً» قَالَ قُلْتُ جَعَلَنِيَ اَللَّهُ فِدَاكَ فَرَّجْتَ عَنِّي لَقَدْ كَانَ ضَاقَ بِيَ اَلْأَمْرُ فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَتَيْتَ لِي بِالتَّفْسِيرِ فَرَّجْتَ عَنِّي فَكَيْفَ تَمَامُ اَلْأَلْفِ رَكْعَةٍ قَالَ« تُصَلِّي فِي كُلِّ يَوْمِ جُمُعَةٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لِأَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ تُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ لاِبْنَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَ وَ تُصَلِّي بَعْدَ اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لِجَعْفَرٍ اَلطَّيَّارِ وَ تُصَلِّي فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْجُمُعَةِ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ لِأَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً وَ تُصَلِّي فِي عَشِيَّةِ اَلْجُمُعَةِ لَيْلَةِ اَلسَّبْتِ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً لاِبْنَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَ» ثُمَّ قَالَ« اِسْمَعْ وَ عِهْ وَ عَلِّمْ ثِقَاتِ إِخْوَانِكَ هَذِهِ اَلْأَرْبَعَ وَ اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ فَإِنَّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ اَلصَّلَوَاتِ بَعْدَ اَلْفَرَائِضِ فَمَنْ صَلاَّهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ اِنْفَتَلَ وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ ذَنْبٍ» ثُمَّ قَالَ« يَا مُفَضَّلَ بْنَ عُمَرَ تَقْرَأُ فِي هَذِهِ اَلصَّلاَةِ كُلِّهَا أَعْنِي صَلاَةَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اَلزِّيَادَةَ مِنْهَا بِالْحَمْدِ وَ« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» إِنْ شِئْتَ مَرَّةً وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ ثَلاَثاً وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ خَمْساً وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ سَبْعاً وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ عَشْراً فَأَمَّا صَلاَةُ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَإِنَّهُ تَقْرَأُ فِيهَا بِالْحَمْدِ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ وَ خَمْسِينَ مَرَّةً« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» وَ تَقْرَأُ فِي صَلاَةِ اِبْنَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي أَوَّلِ رَكْعَةٍ بِالْحَمْدِ وَ« إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ» مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ وَ فِي اَلرَّكْعَةِ اَلثَّانِيَةِ بِالْحَمْدِ وَ« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ فَإِذَا سَلَّمْتَ فِي اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ سَبِّحْ تَسْبِيحَ فَاطِمَةَ اَلزَّهْرَاءِ عَ وَ هُوَ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ أَرْبَعاً وَ ثَلاَثِينَ مَرَّةً وَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ثَلاَثاً وَ ثَلاَثِينَ مَرَّةً وَ سُبْحَانَ اَللَّهِ ثَلاَثاً وَ ثَلاَثِينَ مَرَّةً فَوَ اَللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ شَيْئاً أَفْضَلُ مِنْهُ لَعَلَّمَهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَ إِيَّاهَا» وَ قَالَ لِي« تَقْرَأُ فِي صَلاَةِ جَعْفَرٍ فِي اَلرَّكْعَةِ اَلْأُولَى' اَلْحَمْدَ وَ« إِذٰا زُلْزِلَتِ» وَ فِي اَلثَّانِيَةِ اَلْحَمْدَ وَ اَلْعَادِيَاتِ وَ فِي اَلثَّالِثَةِ اَلْحَمْدَ وَ« إِذٰا جٰاءَ نَصْرُ اَللّٰهِ» وَ فِي اَلرَّابِعَةِ اَلْحَمْدَ وَ «قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ»» ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي« يَا مُفَضَّلُ« ذٰلِكَ فَضْلُ اَللّٰهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ اَللّٰهُ ذُو اَلْفَضْلِ اَلْعَظِيمِ»

Ali ibn Hatim, from Muhammad ibn Ja’far ibn Ahmad ibn Buttah al-Qummi, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn Abi al-Khattab, from Muhammad ibn Sinan. And Abu Muhammad Harun ibn Musa said: Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mamar narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn Abi al-Khattab, from Muhammad ibn Sinan, from al-Mufaddal ibn Umar, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, that he said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “In the Month of Ramadan, there is an additional (supererogatory) one thousand rak’ahs prayed.” He (Mufaddal) said: “I asked, ‘And who is able to do that?’” Imam (a.s) said: “It is not as you think. Do you not pray in the Month of Ramadan an additional one thousand rak’ahs (within the) nineteen nights of it? (Do you not read) twenty rak’ahs each night; and on the night of the nineteenth, one hundred rak’ahs; and on the night of the twenty-first, one hundred rak’ahs; and on the night of the twenty-third, one hundred rak’ahs; and you pray on eight nights of the last ten nights thirty rak’ahs each night? That is nine hundred and twenty rak’ahs.” He (Mufaddal) said: “I asked, ‘May Allah (swt) make me your ransom! You have relieved me the matter had weighed heavily upon me, but when you brought me the explanation, you relieved me. So how is the one thousand rak’ahs completed?’” Imam (a.s) said: “You pray on every Friday of the Month of Ramadan four rak’ahs for the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, and you pray two rak’ahs for the daughter of Muhammad (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, and after the two rak’ahs you pray four rak’ahs for Ja’far al-Tayyar (a.s). And you pray on the eve of Friday during the last ten nights twenty rak’ahs for the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, and you pray on the evening of Friday, which is the night of Saturday, twenty rak’ahs for the daughter of Muhammad (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family.” Then Imam (a.s) said: “Listen, retain, and teach your trustworthy brothers these four rak’ahs and the two rak’ahs, for they are the best of prayers after the obligatory ones. Whoever prays them during the Month of Ramadan or outside of it, departs (from prayer) while there remains no sin between him and Allah (swt), the Majestic.” Then Imam (a.s) said: “O Mufaddal ibn Umar, in all of these prayers I mean the supererogatory prayers of the Month of Ramadan, you recite ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) in them all. If you wish, recite Surah Ikhlas once, or if you wish, three times, or five, or seven, or even ten times. As for the prayer of the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), in each rak’ah, you recite ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and fifty times ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas). And in the prayer of the daughter of Muhammad (saws), peace be upon her, in the first rak’ah you recite ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Inna anzalnahu fi laylati al-qadr’ one hundred times; and in the second rak’ah, you recite ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) one hundred times. Then, when you finish with the salam after the two rak’ahs, recite the Tasbih of (Sayyida) Fatimah al-Zahra (s.a), peace be upon her, which is: ‘Allahu Akbar’ thirty-four times, ‘al-Hamdu lillah’ thirty-three times, and ‘SubhanAllah’ thirty-three times. By Allah (swt), if there were anything better than it, the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, would have taught it to her.” And Imam (a.s) said to me: “In the prayer of Ja’far (al-Tayyar (a.s)) , you recite in the first rak’ah ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Idha zulzilati’ (Surah Az-Zalzalah); and in the second, ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘al-Adiyat’; and in the third, ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Idha jaa’nasrullah’ (Surah An-Nasr); and in the fourth, ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas).” Then Imam (a.s) said to me: “O Mufaddal, (Allah (swt) says) ‘That is the bounty of Allah (swt), He (azj) gives it to whom He (azj) wills, and Allah (swt) is the Possessor of great bounty.’ (Surah Al-Jumuʿah 62:4)”

إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ اَلْأَحْمَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ وَ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلصَّلْتِ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ جَمَاعَةٍ أَيْضاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ:« كَانَ أَبِي يَزِيدُ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً»

Ibrahim ibn Ishaq al-Ahmari, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, Amru ibn Uthman, Muhammad ibn Khalid, Abdillah ibn al-Salt, Muhammad ibn Isa, and also a group from Muhammad ibn Sinan, who said: Imam al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “My father (Imam al-Kadhim (a.s)) used to increase (his prayers) in the last ten nights of the Month of Ramadan twenty rak’ahs every night.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: كَتَبَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ صَلاَةِ نَوَافِلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ عَنِ اَلزِّيَادَةِ فِيهَا فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَيْهِ كِتَاباً قَرَأْتُهُ بِخَطِّهِ« صَلِّ فِي أَوَّلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً صَلِّ مِنْهَا مَا بَيْنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً وَ فِي اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَيْنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ وَ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ اَلْعَتَمَةِ إِلاَّ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ فَإِنَّ اَلْمِائَةَ تُجْزِيكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ ذَلِكَ سِوَى اَلْخَمْسِينَ وَ أَكْثِرْ مِنْ قِرَاءَةِ« إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ اَلْقَدْرِ»

Ali ibn Hatim, from al-Hasan ibn Ali, from his father, who said: A man wrote to Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, asking him about the supererogatory prayers of the Month of Ramadan and about increasing in them. So Imam (a.s), peace be upon him, wrote to him a letter, which I read in his own handwriting: “Pray at the beginning of the Month of Ramadan, for twenty nights, (within them) twenty rak’ahs. Pray from them eight rak’ahs between Maghrib and Atamah (Isha), and twelve rak’ahs after Isha. And in the last ten nights, pray eight rak’ahs between Maghrib and Atamah (Isha), and twenty-two rak’ahs after Atamah (Isha) except on the night of the twenty-first, for one hundred rak’ahs will suffice you, Allah (swt) willing. And that is besides the fifty (daily obligatory prayers). And increase in the recitation of ‘Inna anzalnahu fi laylati al-qadr’ (Surah Al Qadr).”

عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي خُلَيْسٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُطَهَّرٍ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ رَجُلاً رَوَى عَنْ آبَائِكَ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَا كَانَ يَزِيدُ مِنَ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ يُصَلِّيهِ فِي سَائِرِ اَلْأَيَّامِ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ« كَذَبَ فَضَّ اَللَّهُ فَاهُ صَلِّ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً إِلَى عِشْرِينَ مِنَ اَلشَّهْرِ وَ صَلِّ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ صَلِّ لَيْلَةَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ وَ صَلِّ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنَ اَلْعَشْرِ اَلْأَوَاخِرِ ثَلاَثِينَ رَكْعَةً»

From him, from Ali ibn Sulayman, who said: Ali ibn Abi Khulays narrated to us, who said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Mutahhar narrated to me: I wrote to Abu Muhammad (Imam al-Askari (a.s)), peace be upon him: “A man has narrated from your forefathers, peace be upon them, that the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, did not increase in prayer during the Month of Ramadan beyond what He (saws) used to pray on other days.” Imam (a.s), peace be upon him, responded in his own handwriting: “He has lied, may Allah (swt) tear his mouth! Pray every night in the Month of Ramadan twenty rak’ahs until the twentieth of the month. And pray on the night of the twenty-first; one hundred rak’ahs, and pray on the night of the twenty-third; one hundred rak’ahs, and pray every night of the last ten nights; thirty rak’ahs.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُطَهَّرٍ: أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُخْبِرُهُ بِمَا جَاءَتْ بِهِ اَلرِّوَايَةُ أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ غَيْرِهِ مِنَ اَللَّيْلِ سِوَى ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا اَلْوَتْرُ وَ رَكْعَتَا اَلْفَجْرِ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ« فَضَّ اَللَّهُ فَاهُ صَلِّ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً ثَمَانٍ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَاِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ بَعْدَ عِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ وَاِغْتَسِلْ لَيْلَةَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَلَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ لَيْلَةَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ صَلِّ فِيهِمَا ثَلاَثِينَ رَكْعَةً اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ وَ صَلِّ فِيهِمَا مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ تَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ فَاتِحَةَ اَلْكِتَابِ وَ« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ صَلِّ إِلَى آخِرِ اَلشَّهْرِ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ ثَلاَثِينَ رَكْعَةً عَلَى مَا فَسَّرْتُ»

Muhammad ibn Yaqub, from Ali ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Mutahhar: (Ibn Mutahhar) wrote to Abu Muhammad (Imam al-Askari (a.s)), peace be upon him, informing Imam (a.s) of what a narration had conveyed that the Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, did not used to pray during the nights of the Month of Ramadan or otherwise except thirteen rak’ahs, including the Witr and the two rak’ahs of Fajr. So Imam (a.s), peace be upon him, wrote in response: “May Allah (swt) tear his mouth! Pray in the Month of Ramadan for twenty nights; each night twenty rak’ahs, with eight after Maghrib and twelve after the final Isha. And perform ghusl on the night of the nineteenth, the night of the twenty-first, and the night of the twenty-third. And on those nights, pray thirty rak’ahs; twelve rak’ahs after Maghrib and eighteen rak’ahs after the final Isha. And on those nights, pray one hundred rak’ahs, reciting in every rak’ah the ‘Fatihat al-Kitab’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) ten times. And continue until the end of the month, praying every night; thirty rak’ahs, in the manner I have explained.”

فَأَمَّا مَا رَوَاهُ اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ اِبْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ« ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا اَلْوَتْرُ وَ رَكْعَتَا اَلصُّبْحِ بَعْدَ اَلْفَجْرِ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يُصَلِّي وَ أَنَا كَذَلِكَ أُصَلِّي وَ لَوْ كَانَ خَيْراً لَمْ يَتْرُكْهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ»

As for what was narrated by al-Husayn ibn Said from Safwan, from Ibn Muskan, from al-Halabi, who said: I asked Imam (a.s) about the prayer in the Month of Ramadan. Imam (a.s) said: “Thirteen rak’ahs among them, the Witr and the two rak’ahs of dawn after Fajr. That is how the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, used to pray, and I also pray in the same way. And if there had been any good in anything more than that, the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, would not have left it.”

وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ اِبْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ« ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا اَلْوَتْرُ وَرَكْعَتَانِ قَبْلَ صَلاَةِ اَلْفَجْرِ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يُصَلِّي وَ لَوْ كَانَ فَضْلاً لَكَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَعْمَلَ بِهِ وَ أَحَقَّ»

And from him, from Hammad, from Abdillah ibn al-Mughirah, from Ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about the prayer in the Month of Ramadan. Imam (a.s) said: “Thirteen rak’ahs among them the Witr and two rak’ahs before the Fajr prayer. That is how the Messenger of Allah (swt), used to pray. And if there had been any virtue in more than that, the Messenger of Allah (swt), would have practiced it and been more entitled to it.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ وَ اَلْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ اَلثَّقَفِيِّ جَمِيعاً عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ اَلطَّائِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ:« كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِذَا صَلَّى اَلْعِشَاءَ اَلْآخِرَةَ أَوَى إِلَى فِرَاشِهِ لاَ يُصَلِّي شَيْئاً إِلاَّ بَعْدَ اِنْتِصَافِ اَللَّيْلِ لاَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ لاَ فِي غَيْرِهِ»

Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal, from Muhammad ibn Abdillah al-Halabi and al-Abbas ibn Amir al-Thaqafi, both from Abdillah ibn Bukayr, from Abd al-Hamid al-Tai, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I heard Abu Abdillah (a.s) say: “When the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, had prayed the final Isha, He (saws) would go to his bed and not pray anything until after midnight, neither in the Month of Ramadan nor in any other time.”

فالوجه في هذه الاخبار وما جرى مجراها انه لم يكن رسول الله ص يصلي صلاة النافلة في جماعة في شهر رمضان ولو كان فيه خير لما تركه صلى الله عليه وآله ولم يرد انه لا يجوز أن يصلى على الانفراد والذي يدل على ذلك ما رواه

So the proper interpretation of these reports and others like them is that the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, did not pray the supererogatory (nafilah) prayer in congregation during the Month of Ramadan. And had there been any good in it, the Prophet (saws), would not have abandoned it. It is not intended (by these reports) that it is impermissible to pray it individually. What indicates this is what has been narrated:

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ اِبْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ اَلْفُضَيْلِ قَالُوا: سَأَلْنَاهُمَا عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ نَافِلَةً بِاللَّيْلِ جَمَاعَةً فَقَالاَ« إِنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَ كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى اَلْعِشَاءَ اَلْآخِرَةَ اِنْصَرَفَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ آخِرِ اَللَّيْلِ إِلَى اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَيَقُومُ فَيُصَلِّي فَخَرَجَ فِي أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِيُصَلِّيَ كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فَاصْطَفَّ اَلنَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ فَهَرَبَ مِنْهُمْ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَ تَرَكَهُمْ فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ لَيَالٍ فَقَامَ فِي اَلْيَوْمِ اَلرَّابِعِ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ« أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اَلنَّافِلَةَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ وَ صَلاَةَ اَلضُّحَى بِدْعَةٌ أَلاَ فَلاَ تَجْتَمِعُوا لَيْلاً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِصَلاَةِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ لاَ تُصَلُّوا صَلاَةَ اَلضُّحَى فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مَعْصِيَةٌ أَلاَ وَ إِنَّ كُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلاَلَةٌ وَ كُلَّ ضَلاَلَةٍ سَبِيلُهَا إِلَى اَلنَّارِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ قَلِيلٌ فِي سُنَّةٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ كَثِيرٍ فِي بِدْعَةٍ»»

Al-Husayn ibn Said, from Hammad ibn Isa, from Hariz, from Zurarah, and Ibn Muslim, and al-Fudayl, said: We asked the two of them (Imam al-Baqir (a.s) and Imam al-Sadiq (a.s)) about the supererogatory prayer (nafilah) at night during (month of) Ramadan in congregation. The Imams (a.s) said: “Indeed, the Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, when He (saws) had prayed the final Isha; He would return to his home, then come out in the last part of the night to the mosque and stand and pray. So Prophet (saws) came out on the first night of the Month of Ramadan, to pray as he used to pray, and the people lined up behind Him (saws), and he fled from them into his house and left them. They did this for three nights. Then on the fourth day, Prophet (saws) ascended his pulpit, praised Allah (swt) and glorified Him (azj), and then said: ‘O people, the night prayer in the Month of Ramadan, the nafilah in congregation is an innovation (bidah), and the forenoon prayer (salat al-duha) is an innovation. Beware! Do not gather at night during the Month of Ramadan for the night prayer, and do not pray the forenoon prayer, for indeed that is disobedience. Beware! Every innovation is misguidance, and every misguidance leads to the Fire.’ Then Prophet (saws) descended while saying: ‘A little in accordance with the Sunnah is better than much in innovation.’”

ألا ترى انه عليه السلام لما أنكر الصلاة في شهر رمضان أنكر الاجتماع فيها ولم ينكر نفس الصلاة ولو كان نفس الصلاة منكرا مبتدعا لا نكره كما أنكر الاجتماع فيها ويؤيد ذلك أيضا ما رواه

Do you not see that when Prophet (saws), peace be upon him, denounced the prayer in the Month of Ramadan, He (saws) denounced the congregation in it and did not denounce the prayer itself? Had the prayer itself been an objectionable innovation, Prophet (saws) would have denounced it, just as he denounced the congregation. This is also supported by what was narrated:

عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِ و بْنِ سَعِيدٍ اَلْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي اَلْمَسَاجِدِ قَالَ« لَمَّا قَدِمَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْكُوفَةَ أَمَرَ اَلْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنْ يُنَادِيَ فِي اَلنَّاسِ« لاَ صَلاَةَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي اَلْمَسَاجِدِ جَمَاعَةً» فَنَادَى فِي اَلنَّاسِ اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِمَا أَمَرَهُ بِهِ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ اَلنَّاسُ مَقَالَةَ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ صَاحُوا وَاعُمَرَاهْ وَاعُمَرَاهْ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ اَلْحَسَنُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ لَهُ« مَا هَذَا اَلصَّوْتُ» فَقَالَ« يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ اَلنَّاسُ يَصِيحُونَ وَاعُمَرَاهْ وَاعُمَرَاهْ» فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «قُلْ لَهُمْ صَلُّوا»»

Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from Amr ibn Said al-Mada'ini, from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah, from Ammar, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about prayer in the Month of Ramadan in the mosques. Imam (a.s) said: “When the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, arrived in Kufa, He (a.s) ordered al-Hasan ibn Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, to announce to the people: ‘There is no congregational prayer in the Month of Ramadan in the mosques.’” So Imam al-Hasan ibn Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, announced to the people what the Commander of the Faithful had ordered him. So when the people heard the statement of Imam al-Hasan ibn Ali (a.s), they cried out: “O Umar! O’ Umar!” And when Imam al-Hasan (a.s) returned to the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, He (a.s) asked Imam al-Hasan (a.s): “What are these cries (sounds)?” Imam al-Hasan (a.s) replied: “O Commander of the Faithful, the people are crying out, ‘O Umar! O’ Umar!’” So the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “Say to them; ‘Pray.’”

فكان أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام ايضا لما أنكر أنكر الاجتماع ولم ينكر نفس الصلاة فلما رأى ان الامر يفسد عليه ويفتتن الناس أجاز وأمرهم بالصلاة على عادتهم فكل هذا واضح بحمد الله

So the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, also, when he objected, Imam (a.s) objected to the gathering itself and did not object to the prayer itself. But when Imam Ali (a.s) saw that the matter would be corrupted for him and that the people would be led into discord, Imam Ali (a.s) permitted it and ordered them to pray according to their custom. So all of this is clear, praise be to Allah (swt).

عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلسَّيَّارِيِّ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ:« مَنْ صَلَّى لَيْلَةَ اَلْفِطْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ يَقْرَأُ فِي أَوَّلِ رَكْعَةٍ مِنْهُمَا اَلْحَمْدَ وَ« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» أَلْفَ مَرَّةٍ وَ فِي اَلرَّكْعَةِ اَلثَّانِيَةِ اَلْحَمْدَ وَ« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً لَمْ يَسْأَلِ اَللَّهَ تَعَالَى شَيْئاً إِلاَّ أَعْطَاهُ اَللَّهُ إِيَّاهُ»

Ali ibn Hatim, from Muhammad ibn Ja’far, who said: Muhammad ibn Ahmad narrated to us from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Sayyari, who raised it (in isnad) to the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam Ali (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), blessings on him and his family, said: ‘Whoever performs two units of prayer on the night of Eid al-Fitr; reciting in the first unit ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) one thousand times, And reciting in the second unit ‘al-Hamd’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) once, Then there is nothing he asks Allah (swt) the Exalted for, except that Allah (swt) grants it to him.”