قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِكَرَّتِنَا وَ يَسْتَحِلَّ مُتْعَتَنَا".
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "He is not from us who does not believe in our return (Rajah) and does not consider the temporary marriage (Mutah) lawful."
وَ قَالَ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "اَلْمُتْعَةُ لاَ تَحِلُّ إِلاَّ لِمَنْ عَرَفَهَا وَ هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَى مَنْ جَهِلَهَا".
Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (a.s) said: "Temporary marriage (Mutah) is not lawful except for one who understands it, and it is forbidden for one who is ignorant of it."
وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: إِنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْمُتْعَةِ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ اَلْمُتْعَةَ اَلْيَوْمَ لَيْسَتْ كَمَا كَانَتْ قَبْلَ اَلْيَوْمِ إِنَّهُنَّ كُنَّ يُؤْمَنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَالْيَوْمَ لاَ يُؤْمَنَّ فَاسْأَلُوا عَنْهُنَّ".
Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Aban, from Abu Maryam, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) who was asked about Mutah (temporary marriage). Imam (a.s) said: "Mutah today is not as it was before. In those days, women were trustworthy, but today they are not trustworthy, so inquire about them."
وَ أَحَلَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْمُتْعَةَ وَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْهَا حَتَّى قُبِضَ وَ قَرَأَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَمَا اسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِهِ مِنْهُنَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَآتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ قَدْ أَخْرَجْتُ الْحُجَجَ عَلَى مُنْكِرِيهَا فِي كِتَابِ إِثْبَاتِ الْمُتْعَةِ.
The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) made Mut'ah lawful and did not prohibit it until he was taken (from this world). Ibn Abbas recited the verse: 'So for whatever you enjoy from them to a specified term, give them their due compensation as an obligation from Allah (swt)'" (Surah An-Nisa 4:24). The proofs against its deniers have been presented in the book Ithbat al-Mut'ah (Establishing the Legitimacy of Mut'ah).
وَ رَوَى دَاوُدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْفَيْضِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمُتْعَةِ فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ إِذَا كَانَتْ عَارِفَةً " قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ عَارِفَةً قَالَ "فَاعْرِضْ عَلَيْهَا وَ قُلْ لَهَا فَإِنْ قَبِلَتْ فَتَزَوَّجْهَا وَ إِنْ أَبَتْ وَ لَمْ تَرْضَ بِقَوْلِكَ فَدَعْهَا وَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ اَلْكَوَاشِفَ وَ اَلدَّوَاعِيَ وَ اَلْبَغَايَا وَ ذَوَاتَ اَلْأَزْوَاجِ" فَقُلْتُ مَا اَلْكَوَاشِفُ فَقَالَ "اَللَّوَاتِي يُكَاشِفْنَ وَ بُيُوتُهُنَّ مَعْلُومَةٌ وَ يُؤْتَيْنَ" قُلْتُ فَالدَّوَاعِي قَالَ "اَللَّوَاتِي يَدْعُونَ إِلَى أَنْفُسِهِنَّ وَ قَدْ عُرِفْنَ بِالْفَسَادِ" قُلْتُ فَالْبَغَايَا قَالَ "اَلْمَعْرُوفَاتُ بِالزِّنَا" قُلْتُ فَذَوَاتُ اَلْأَزْوَاجِ قَالَ "اَلْمُطَلَّقَاتُ عَلَى غَيْرِ اَلسُّنَّةِ".
Dawud ibn Ishaq narrated from Muhammad ibn Al-Faydh, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s) about Mutah (temporary marriage). Imam (a.s) said: "Yes, if she is knowledgeable (about its rulings)." I said: "May I be your ransom! What if she is not knowledgeable?" Imam (a.s) said: "Then explain it to her and say it to her. If she accepts, then marry her. But if she refuses and is not satisfied with your explanation, then leave her. And beware of al-Kawashif, al-Dawai, al-Baghaya, and married women." I asked: "What are al-Kawashif?" Imam (a.s) said: "Those who expose themselves, whose houses are known, and they are approached." I asked: "What are al-Dawai?" Imam (a.s) said: "Those who invite others to themselves and are known for corruption." I asked: "What are al-Baghaya?" Imam (a.s) said: "Those who are well-known for fornication." I asked: "What about married women?" Imam (a.s) said: "Those divorced contrary to the prescribed manner (not in accordance with the Sunnah)."
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ قَالَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ اِمْرَأَةً مُتْعَةً وَ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ لاَ يَطْلُبَ وَلَدَهَا فَتَأْتِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِوَلَدٍ فَيُنْكِرُ اَلْوَلَدَ فَشَدَّدَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَ قَالَ "يَجْحَدُ وَ كَيْفَ يَجْحَدُ" إِعْظَاماً لِذَلِكَ قَالَ اَلرَّجُلُ فَإِنِ اِتَّهَمَهَا، قَالَ "لاَ يَنْبَغِي لَكَ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ إِلاَّ بِمَأْمُونَةٍ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ: اَلزّٰانِي لاٰ يَنْكِحُ إِلاّٰ زٰانِيَةً أَوْ مُشْرِكَةً وَ اَلزّٰانِيَةُ لاٰ يَنْكِحُهٰا إِلاّٰ زٰانٍ أَوْ مُشْرِكٌ وَ حُرِّمَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ
It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Ismail ibn Bazee who said: A man asked Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (a.s) about a man who marries a woman in Mutah (temporary marriage) and stipulates with her that he will not seek a child from her. However, she later gives birth to a child, and the man denies the child. Al-Ridha (a.s) expressed strong disapproval of this and said: "He denies it? How can he deny it?" - emphasizing the gravity of such an act. The man then asked: "What if he suspects her (of wrongdoing)?" Imam Al-Ridha (a.s) replied: "You should not marry except a trustworthy woman. Verily, Allah (swt), the Exalted, said: 'The fornicator does not marry except a fornicatress or a polytheist, and the fornicatress does not marry except a fornicator or a polytheist, and this has been forbidden for the believers.'" (Surah Al-Nur, 24:3)
وَ رَوَى سَعْدَانُ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "لاَ يَتَزَوَّجُ اَلْيَهُودِيَّةَ وَ لاَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيَّةَ عَلَى حُرَّةٍ مُتْعَةً وَ غَيْرَ مُتْعَةٍ".
It is narrated from Sadan, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), who said: "A man should not marry a Jewish or Christian woman alongside a free Muslim woman, whether in Mutah (temporary marriage) or in a permanent marriage."
وَ سَأَلَ اَلْحَسَنُ اَلتَّفْلِيسِيُّ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: يَتَمَتَّعُ اَلرَّجُلُ مِنَ اَلْيَهُودِيَّةِ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيَّةِ قَالَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "يَتَمَتَّعُ مِنَ اَلْحُرَّةِ اَلْمُؤْمِنَةِ وَ هِيَ أَعْظَمُ حُرْمَةً مِنْهَا".
Al-Hasan Al-Taflisi asked Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (a.s): "Can a man engage in Mutah (temporary marriage) with a Jewish or Christian woman?" Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha (a.s) replied: "He should engage in Mutah with a free believing woman, as she has greater sanctity than the others."
وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ رِئَابٍ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَمَتَّعَ بِامْرَأَةٍ ثُمَّ وَهَبَ لَهَا أَيَّامَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفْضِيَ إِلَيْهَا أَوْ وَهَبَ لَهَا أَيَّامَهَا بَعْدَ مَا أَفْضَى إِلَيْهَا هَلْ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيمَا وَهَبَ لَهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لاَ يَرْجِعُ".
Ali bin Ri'ab narrated: He wrote to Imam (a.s) asking about a man who engaged in Mutah (temporary marriage) with a woman and then gifted her the remaining days of the contract before consummating the marriage or after consummating it. He asked whether the man could revoke what he had gifted her from those days. The Imam (a.s) replied: "He cannot take it back."
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى اَلْخَثْعَمِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْجَارِيَةِ يَتَمَتَّعُ مِنْهَا اَلرَّجُلُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ صَبِيَّةً تُخْدَعُ" قُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ وَ كَمِ اَلْحَدُّ اَلَّذِي إِذَا بَلَغَتْهُ لَمْ تُخْدَعْ قَالَ "اِبْنَةُ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ".
Muhammad bin Yahya al-Khathami narrated from Muhammad bin Muslim: I asked Imam (a.s) about a bondwoman - can a man engage in Mutah (temporary marriage) with her? Imam (a.s) replied: "Yes, except if she is a young girl who can be deceived." I said: "May Allah (swt) rectify your condition, what is the age limit at which she cannot be deceived?" Imam (a.s) said: "Ten years old."
وَ رَوَى حَفْصُ بْنُ اَلْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ اَلْبِكْرَ مُتْعَةً قَالَ "يُكْرَهُ لِلْعَيْبِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا".
Hafs bin al-Bakhtari narrated from Abu Abdillah (a.s) regarding a man who marries a virgin in Mutah (temporary marriage). The Imam (a.s) said: "It is disliked (makruh) due to the reproach it may bring upon her family."
وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "اَلْعَذْرَاءُ اَلَّتِي لَهَا أَبٌ لاَ تَتَزَوَّجُ مُتْعَةً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ أَبِيهَا".
Aban narrated from Abu Maryam, from Abu Abdillah (a.s): "The virgin who has a father cannot marry in Mutah (temporary marriage) except with her father's permission."
وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمُتْعَةِ أَ هِيَ مِنَ اَلْأَرْبَعِ قَالَ "لاَ وَ لاَ مِنَ اَلسَّبْعِينَ".
Hammad narrated from Abu Basir, who said: Abu Abdillah (a.s) was asked about Mutah (temporary marriage) - whether it is counted as part of the four [wives]. Imam (a.s) said: "No, and not even among seventy."
وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْفُضَيْلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ: عَنِ اَلْمُتْعَةِ فَقَالَ "هِيَ كَبَعْضِ إِمَائِكَ".
Al-Fudhayl ibn Yasaar asked him about Mutah (temporary marriage). Imam (a.s) said: "It is like some of your bondwomen."
وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَتَزَوَّجُ اَلْمَرْأَةَ شَهْراً بِشَيْءٍ مُسَمًّى فَتَأْتِي بَعْضَ اَلشَّهْرِ وَ لاَ تَفِي بِبَعْضِ اَلشَّهْرِ قَالَ "تَحْبِسُ عَنْهَا مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا بِقَدْرِ مَا اِحْتَبَسَتْ عَنْكَ إِلاَّ أَيَّامَ حَيْضِهَا فَإِنَّهَا لَهَا".
Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Umar ibn Hanzalah who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (a.s): "Can I marry a woman for a month with a specified dowry, but she only fulfills part of the month and does not fulfill the rest?" Imam (a.s) said: "You withhold from her dowry an amount proportional to the time she withheld herself from you, except for the days of her menstruation, as those days belong to her."
وَ سَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلنُّعْمَانِ اَلْأَحْوَلُ: فَقَالَ أَدْنَى مَا يَتَزَوَّجُ بِهِ اَلرَّجُلُ مُتْعَةً قَالَ "كَفٌّ مِنْ بُرٍّ يَقُولُ لَهَا زَوِّجِينِي نَفْسَكِ مُتْعَةً عَلَى كِتَابِ اَللَّهِ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ نِكَاحاً غَيْرَ سِفَاحٍ عَلَى أَنْ لاَ أَرِثَكِ وَ لاَ تَرِثِينِي وَ لاَ أَطْلُبَ وَلَدَكِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَإِنْ بَدَا لِي زِدْتُكِ وَ زِدْتِنِي".
Muhammad ibn al-Nu'man al-Ahwal asked: "What is the minimum requirement for a man to marry a woman in Mut'ah?" Imam (a.s) replied: "A handful of wheat. He should say to her: 'Marry me to yourself in Mut'ah according to the Book of Allah (swt) and the Sunnah of His Prophet, a marriage that is not fornication, with the condition that I will not inherit from you, nor will you inherit from me, and I will not seek a child from you, for a specified period. If we both wish, we can extend the period and increase the dowry mutually.'"
وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ قَالَ إِنَّ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: إِنَّهُ يَدْخُلُنِي مِنَ اَلْمُتْعَةِ شَيْءٌ فَقَدْ حَلَفْتُ أَنْ لاَ أَتَزَوَّجَ مُتْعَةً أَبَداً فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنَّكَ إِذَا لَمْ تُطِعِ اَللَّهَ فَقَدْ عَصَيْتَهُ".
Jamil ibn Salih reported: One of our companions said to Abu Abdillah (a.s): "I feel uneasy about Mut'ah, and I have sworn that I will never engage in Mut'ah again." Abu Abdillah (a.s) replied: "If you do not obey Allah (swt), then you have disobeyed Him."
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ اِمْرَأَةً مُتْعَةً فَعَلِمَ بِهَا أَهْلُهَا فَزَوَّجُوهَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ فِي اَلْعَلاَنِيَةِ وَ هِيَ اِمْرَأَةُ صِدْقٍ قَالَ "لاَ تُمَكِّنُ زَوْجَهَا مِنْ نَفْسِهَا حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا وَ شَرْطُهَا" قُلْتُ إِنْ كَانَ شَرْطُهَا سَنَةً وَ لاَ يَصْبِرُ لَهَا زَوْجُهَا قَالَ "فَلْيَتَّقِ اَللَّهَ زَوْجُهَا وَ لْيَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْهَا بِمَا بَقِيَ لَهُ فَإِنَّهَا قَدِ اُبْتُلِيَتْ وَ اَلدَّارُ دَارُ هُدْنَةٍ وَ اَلْمُؤْمِنُونَ فِي تَقِيَّةٍ" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهَا بِأَيَّامِهَا وَ اِنْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ قَالَ "تَقُولُ لِزَوْجِهَا إِذَا دَخَلَتْ بِهِ يَا هَذَا وَثَبَ عَلَيَّ أَهْلِي فَزَوَّجُونِي بِغَيْرِ أَمْرِي وَ لَمْ يَسْتَأْمِرُونِي وَ إِنِّي اَلْآنَ قَدْ رَضِيتُ فَاسْتَأْنِفْ أَنْتَ اَلْيَوْمَ وَ تَزَوَّجْنِي تَزْوِيجاً صَحِيحاً فِيمَا بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَكَ" قَالَ وَ قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْمَرْأَةُ تَتَزَوَّجُ مُتْعَةً فَيَنْقَضِي شَرْطُهَا فَتَتَزَوَّجُ رَجُلاً آخَرَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا قَالَ "وَ مَا عَلَيْكَ إِنَّمَا إِثْمُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهَا".
Yunus ibn Abdul Rahman reported: I asked Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (a.s) about a man who married a woman in Mut'ah (temporary marriage). Later, her family came to know about it, and they married her off to another man in a public marriage, although she was a truthful woman. Imam (a.s) said: "She must not allow her new husband to approach her until her waiting period ('iddah) and contract have ended." I said: "What if her contract specifies a term of one year, and her new husband cannot wait that long?" Imam (a.s) said: "Then her husband should fear Allah (swt) and waive the remaining time for her. Indeed, she has been put to trial, and this world is a place of peace, and believers live in taqiyyah (dissimulation)." I asked: "What if he waives the remaining days for her, and her waiting period ends? What should she do?" Imam (a.s) said: "When she meets her new husband, she should say: 'O man, my family forced me and married me off without consulting me. But now, I am pleased. So, let us begin today with a new, proper marriage between us.'" I also asked Al-Ridha (a.s): "What about a woman who marries in Mut'ah, and after her contract ends, she marries another man before completing her waiting period?" Imam (a.s) said: "What concern is it to you? The sin of that act is upon her."
وَ رَوَى صَالِحُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ لِلْمُتَمَتِّعِ ثَوَابٌ قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَ اَللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ خِلاَفاً عَلَى مَنْ أَنْكَرَهَا لَمْ يُكَلِّمْهَا كَلِمَةً إِلاَّ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ بِهَا حَسَنَةً وَ لَمْ يَمُدَّ يَدَهُ إِلَيْهَا إِلاَّ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ حَسَنَةً فَإِذَا دَنَا مِنْهَا غَفَرَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ بِذَلِكَ ذَنْباً فَإِذَا اِغْتَسَلَ غَفَرَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا مَرَّ مِنَ اَلْمَاءِ عَلَى شَعْرِهِ" قُلْتُ بِعَدَدِ اَلشَّعْرِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ بِعَدَدِ اَلشَّعْرِ".
Salih ibn Uqbah reported from his father, who reported from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s): I asked him, "Is there a reward for Mut'ah?" He (a.s) replied: "If he seeks by it the pleasure of Allah (swt) Almighty and to oppose those who deny it, then Allah (swt) writes a good deed for him for every word he speaks to her. When he extends his hand toward her, Allah (swt) writes a good deed for him. When he approaches her, Allah (swt) forgives a sin for him. And when he performs ghusl (ritual purification), Allah (swt) forgives him a number of sins equal to the drops of water that pass over his hair." I asked: "Equal to the number of hairs?" He (a.s) replied: "Yes, equal to the number of hairs."
وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "إِنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِهِ إِلَى اَلسَّمَاءِ قَالَ لَحِقَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ "إِنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لِلْمُتَمَتِّعِينَ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ مِنَ اَلنِّسَاءِ" ".
Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) said: "When the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was taken up to the heavens (Mi'raj), Jibril (a.s) came to him and said: 'O Muhammad (a.s)! Verily, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, says: I have forgiven those among your followers who engage in Mut'ah with women.'"
وَ رَوَى بَكْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمُتْعَةِ فَقَالَ "إِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ لِلرَّجُلِ اَلْمُسْلِمِ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنَ اَلدُّنْيَا وَ قَدْ بَقِيَتْ عَلَيْهِ خَلَّةٌ مِنْ خِلاَلِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمْ يَقْضِهَا ".
Bakr ibn Muhammad narrated from Abu Abdillah (a.s): I asked him about Mut'ah (temporary marriage). Imam (a.s) said: "Indeed, I dislike for a Muslim man to leave this world while there remains an unfulfilled practice from the practices of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) that he did not act upon."
وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْجَوْهَرِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ فِي كِتَابِ رَجُلٍ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ تَزَوَّجَ بِامْرَأَةٍ مُتْعَةً إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَإِذَا اِنْقَضَى اَلْأَجَلُ بَيْنَهُمَا هَلْ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ بِأُخْتِهَا فَقَالَ "لاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا".
Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Jawhari narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah: I read in a man's letter to Abu al-Hasan (a.s) about a man who married a woman in Mut'ah (temporary marriage) for a specified period. When the term between them ended, he asked whether it was permissible for him to marry her sister. Imam (a.s) replied: "It is not permissible for him until her waiting period ('iddah) has ended."
وَ سَأَلَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ اَلْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ اِبْنَتَهَا بَتَاتاً قَالَ "لاَ".
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr asked al-Ridha (a.s) about a man who marries a woman in Mut'ah (temporary marriage). Is it permissible for him to marry her daughter permanently? Imam (a.s) replied: "No."
وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: "عِدَّةُ اَلْمُتْعَةِ خَمْسَةٌ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ يَوْماً" كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَعْقِدُ بِيَدِهِ خَمْسَةً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً "فَإِذَا جَاءَ اَلْأَجَلُ كَانَتْ فُرْقَةً بِغَيْرِ طَلاَقٍ".
Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Zurara, who said: I heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) saying: "The waiting period ('Iddah) for Mut'ah (temporary marriage) is forty-five days." Imam (a.s) then demonstrated by holding up his hand and showing forty-five days. "When the specified term ends, the separation occurs without the need for divorce."
فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَزِيدَ فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ يُصْدِقَهَا شَيْئاً قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ وَ الصَّدَاقُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ تَرَاضَيَا عَلَيْهِ فِي تَمَتُّعٍ أَوْ تَزْوِيجٍ بِغَيْرِ مُتْعَةٍ وَ لَا مِيرَاثَ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي الْمُتْعَةِ إِذَا مَاتَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْأَجَلِ وَ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَمَتَّعَ إِنْ شَاءَ وَ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُقِيماً مَعَهَا فِي مِصْرِهِ.
If he wishes to extend the term, he must provide her with another dowry (Sadaq), whether small or large, as mutually agreed upon. The dowry applies to both Mut'ah and permanent marriage. There is no inheritance between them in Mut'ah if one of them dies during the specified term. It is permissible for a man to contract Mut'ah even if he has a wife and is residing with her in the same city.
وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا اَلرَّجُلُ مُتْعَةً ثُمَّ يُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا هَلْ عَلَيْهَا اَلْعِدَّةُ قَالَ "تَعْتَدُّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً فَإِذَا اِنْقَضَتْ أَيَّامُهَا وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ فَحَيْضَةٌ وَ نِصْفٌ مِثْلَ مَا يَجِبُ عَلَى اَلْأَمَةِ" قَالَ قُلْتُ فَتُحِدُّ قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ إِذَا مَكَثَتْ عِنْدَهُ يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ سَاعَةً مِنَ اَلنَّهَارِ فَقَدْ وَجَبَتِ اَلْعِدَّةُ وَ لاَ تُحِدُّ".
Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Abdur-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (a.s) about a woman who entered into a Mut'ah (temporary marriage) and then her husband passed away. Imam (a.s) said: "She must observe an 'Iddah (waiting period) of four months and ten days." Then Imam (a.s) continued: "If her term ends while he is still alive, her waiting period is one and a half menstrual cycles, similar to what is required for a female slave." I asked: "Does she need to observe mourning (Hadd)?" Imam (a.s) replied: "Yes, but if she stayed with him for a day, two days, or even just an hour during the day, the waiting period becomes obligatory, but mourning (Hadd) is not required."
وَ رَوَى عُمَرُ بْنُ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا عِدَّةُ اَلْمُتْعَةِ إِذَا مَاتَ عَنْهَا اَلَّذِي تَمَتَّعَ بِهَا قَالَ "أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً" قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ "يَا زُرَارَةُ كُلُّ نِكَاحٍ إِذَا مَاتَ عَنْهَا اَلزَّوْجُ فَعَلَى اَلْمَرْأَةِ حُرَّةً كَانَتْ أَوْ أَمَةً أَوْ عَلَى أَيِّ وَجْهٍ كَانَ اَلنِّكَاحُ مِنْهُ مُتْعَةً أَوْ تَزْوِيجاً أَوْ مِلْكَ يَمِينٍ فَالْعِدَّةُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً وَ عِدَّةُ اَلْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلاَثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ اَلْأَمَةُ اَلْمُطَلَّقَةُ عَلَيْهَا نِصْفُ مَا عَلَى اَلْحُرَّةِ وَ كَذَلِكَ اَلْمُتْعَةُ عَلَيْهَا مِثْلُ مَا عَلَى اَلْأَمَةِ".
Umar ibn Udhaynah narrated from Zurara, who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) about the waiting period ('Iddah) for a woman in a Mut'ah (temporary marriage) if her husband passes away. Imam (a.s) replied: "It is four months and ten days." Then Imam (a.s) continued: "O Zurara, for every type of marriage-whether the woman is free or a slave, and regardless of whether the marriage was permanent (Nikah), temporary (Mut'ah), or through ownership (Milk Yamin)-if the husband dies, the waiting period ('Iddah) is four months and ten days." "However, the waiting period ('Iddah) for a divorced woman is three months, and for a divorced female slave, it is half the waiting period of a free woman. Similarly, the waiting period ('Iddah) for a woman in Mut'ah is the same as that for a female slave."
وَ قِيلَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِمَ جَعَلَ فِي اَلزِّنَا أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ اَلشُّهُودِ وَ فِي اَلْقَتْلِ شَاهِدَيْنِ قَالَ "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَحَلَّ لَكُمُ اَلْمُتْعَةَ وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهَا سَتُنْكَرُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَجَعَلَ اَلْأَرْبَعَةَ اَلشُّهُودِ اِحْتِيَاطاً لَكُمْ وَ لَوْ لاَ ذَلِكَ لَأُتِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ قَلَّ مَا يَجْتَمِعُ أَرْبَعَةٌ عَلَى شَهَادَةٍ بِأَمْرٍ وَاحِدٍ".
It was said to Abu Abdullah (a.s): "Why has Allah (swt) prescribed four witnesses for proving adultery (Zina) and only two witnesses for proving murder?" Imam (a.s) replied: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, has made Mut'ah (temporary marriage) lawful for you, and He (swt) knew that it would be denied and rejected by people. Therefore, He (swt) required four witnesses as a precaution for you. Had it not been for this requirement, people would have accused you unjustly. And it is rare for four people to come together and testify about the same matter."
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ بَكَّارِ بْنِ كَرْدَمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَلْقَى اَلْمَرْأَةَ فَيَقُولُ لَهَا زَوِّجِينِي نَفْسَكِ شَهْراً وَ لاَ يُسَمِّي اَلشَّهْرَ بِعَيْنِهِ فَيَلْقَاهَا بَعْدَ سِنِينَ فَقَالَ "لَهُ شَهْرُهُ إِنْ كَانَ سَمَّاهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّاهُ فَلاَ سَبِيلَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا".
It is narrated from Bakkar bin Kardam, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (a.s): "A man meets a woman and says to her, 'Marry me to yourself for a month,' but he does not specify which month. Then he meets her again after several years-does he still have his month?" Imam (a.s) replied: "He has his month if he had specified it. However, if he did not specify it, then he has no claim over her."
وَ رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَدْخَلَ جَارِيَةً يَتَمَتَّعُ بِهَا ثُمَّ أُنْسِيَ حَتَّى وَاقَعَهَا هَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ حَدُّ اَلزَّانِي قَالَ "لاَ وَ لَكِنْ يَتَمَتَّعُ بِهَا بَعْدَ اَلنِّكَاحِ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اَللَّهَ مِمَّا أَتَى".
It is narrated from Zur'ah, from Sama'ah, who said: I asked him about a man who took a bondwoman for temporary marriage but forgot and had intercourse with her. Does he deserve the punishment of a fornicator? Imam (a.s) replied: "No, but he should perform the temporary marriage contract with her again and seek forgiveness from Allah (swt) for what he has done."
وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلتَّمَتُّعِ بِالْأَبْكَارِ قَالَ "هَلْ جُعِلَ ذَلِكَ إِلاَّ لَهُنَّ فَلْيَسْتَتِرْنَ مِنْهُ وَ لْيَسْتَعْفِفْنَ".
It is narrated from Ali ibn Asbat, from Muhammad ibn Udhafir, from someone he mentioned, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (a.s) about engaging in temporary marriage with virgins. Imam (a.s) replied: "Was it not made permissible except for them? So let them observe modesty and chastity."
وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ تَزَوَّجَ بِجَارِيَةٍ عَاتِقٍ عَلَى أَنْ لاَ يَقْتَضَّهَا ثُمَّ أَذِنَتْ لَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "إِذَا أَذِنَتْ لَهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".
It is narrated from Ishaq in Ammar, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (a.s): A man married a young bondwoman with the condition that he would not deflower her. Then afterward, she gave him permission. Imam (a.s) replied: "If she gave him permission, then there is no harm in it."
وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ لاَ يَكْمُلُ حَتَّى يَتَمَتَّعَ".
It is narrated: "A believer does not attain completeness until he practices Mut'ah."
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْأَنْصَارِيِّ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ خَطَبَ اَلنَّاسَ فَقَالَ "أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَحَلَّ لَكُمُ اَلْفُرُوجَ عَلَى ثَلاَثَةِ مَعَانٍ فَرْجِ مَوْرُوثٍ وَ هُوَ اَلْبَتَاتُ وَ فَرْجِ غَيْرِ مَوْرُوثٍ وَ هُوَ اَلْمُتْعَةُ وَ مِلْكِ أَيْمَانِكُمْ".
It is narrated from Jabir ibn Abdullah Al-Ansari that: The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, addressed the people and said: "O people, indeed Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, has made permissible for you intimate relations in three forms: an inherited relationship, which is permanent (Nikah); a non-inherited relationship, which is Mut'ah; and what your right hands possess (slavery)."
وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "إِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَمُوتَ وَ قَدْ بَقِيَتْ عَلَيْهِ خَلَّةٌ مِنْ خِلاَلِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لَمْ يَأْتِهَا" فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَهَلْ تَمَتَّعَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ" وَ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ اَلْآيَةَ " وَ إِذْ أَسَرَّ اَلنَّبِيُّ إِلىٰ بَعْضِ أَزْوٰاجِهِ حَدِيثاً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى ثَيِّبٰاتٍ وَ أَبْكٰاراً ".
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s), said: "Indeed, I dislike for a man to die while there remains a Sunnah of the practices of the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, that he did not act upon." I said to him: "Did the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, perform Mut'ah?" He replied: "Yes," and then recited this verse: "'And [remember] when the Prophet confided to one of his wives a statement'... to His saying: 'widowed and virgins'" (Surah Al-Tahrim 66:3-5).
وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى حَرَّمَ عَلَى شِيعَتِنَا اَلْمُسْكِرَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَرَابٍ وَ عَوَّضَهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ اَلْمُتْعَةَ".
Abdullah ibn Sinan narrated from Abu Abdillah (a.s) who said: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, has forbidden all intoxicating drinks for our Shia and has compensated them with mut'ah (temporary marriage)."
