 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاَءِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الْبَوْلِ يُصِيبُ الْجَسَدَ قَالَ صُبَّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مَاءٌ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُصِيبُهُ الْبَوْلُ قَالَ اغْسِلْهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ يَبُولُ عَلَى الثَّوْبِ قَالَ يَصُبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ يَعْصِرُهُ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-Husayn ibn abu al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about urine that pollutes one’s body. He (the Imam) said, Tour water on it twice; it is water.’ I then asked about urine, which pollutes one’s clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘Wash it twice.’ I then asked him about the urine of a child that pollutes one’s clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘After pouring a small amount of water on it you must also wring it.’” 

2ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي مَحْمُودٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الطِّنْفِسَةُ وَالْفِرَاشُ يُصِيبُهُمَا الْبَوْلُ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِمَا وَهُوَ ثَخِينٌ كَثِيرُ الْحَشْوِ قَالَ يُغْسَلُ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ.

2. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ibrahim ibn abu Mahmud who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida (a.s.), about how one should deal with velvet-like carpet and the beds that come in contact with urine, which are thick and bulky. He (the Imam) said, ‘Whatever is on the surface of such items must be washed clean.’” 

3ـ أَحْمَدُ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُصِيبُهُ الْبَوْلُ فَيَنْفُذُ إِلَى الْجَانِبِ الآخَرِ وَعَنِ الْفَرْوِ وَمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَشْوِ قَالَ اغْسِلْ مَا أَصَابَ مِنْهُ وَمَسَّ الْجَانِبَ الآخَرَ فَإِنْ أَصَبْتَ مَسَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ مِنْهُ فَاغْسِلْهُ وَإِلاَّ فَانْضَحْهُ بِالْمَاءِ.

3. Ahmad ibn Musa has narrated from al-Qasim from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about clothes that come in contact with urine and it passes to the other side through its fillings. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must wash the polluted area, feel the other side and wash it clean, if you found something; otherwise, pour water on it to wash it clean.’” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ حَكَمِ بْنِ حُكَيْمٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَبُولُ فَلاَ أُصِيبُ الْمَاءَ وَقَدْ أَصَابَ يَدِي شَيْ‏ءٌ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ فَأَمْسَحُهُ بِالْحَائِطِ أَوِ التُّرَابِ ثُمَّ تَعْرَقُ يَدِي فَأَمْسَحُ وَجْهِي أَوْ بَعْضَ جَسَدِي أَوْ يُصِيبُ ثَوْبِي قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from Hakam ibn Hukaym al-Sayrafiy who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I may urinate but do not find water, my hands have come in contact with urine and I wipe it against the wall or soil. Then it perspires and I wipe my face with it or other parts of my body or my clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي كِتَابِ سَمَاعَةَ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنْ أَصَابَ الثَّوْبَ شَيْ‏ءٌ مِنْ بَوْلِ السِّنَّوْرِ فَلاَ تَصِحُّ الصَّلاَةُ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَغْسِلَهُ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah who has said that it is in the book of Sama‘ah who in a marfu‘ manner has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If clothes come in contact with the urine of cats, performing Salah (prayer) with such clothes is not valid until they are washed.’” 

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ بَوْلِ الصَّبِيِّ قَالَ تَصُبُّ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ وَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ أَكَلَ فَاغْسِلْهُ غَسْلاً وَالْغُلاَمُ وَالْجَارِيَةُ فِي ذَلِكَ شَرَعٌ سَوَاءٌ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the urine of a child. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must just pour water on it but if the child eats food, wash it clean, and a baby boy or baby girl are the same.’” 

7ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ غَزْوَانَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ الْحُكَيْمِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنِّي أَغْدُو إِلَى السُّوقِ فَأَحْتَاجُ إِلَى الْبَوْلِ وَلَيْسَ عِنْدِي مَاءٌ ثُمَّ أَتَمَسَّحُ وَأَتَنَشَّفُ بِيَدِي ثُمَّ أَمْسَحُهَا بِالْحَائِطِ وَبِالأرْضِ ثُمَّ أَحُكُّ جَسَدِي بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-Fadl ibn Ghazwan from al- Hakam ibn Hukaym who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I may go to market place and need to urinate but do not find water. I then wipe it dry, then wipe my hand against the wall or ground, and scratch with it my body afterwards. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’” 

8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ الْمُثَنَّى عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَدْخُلُ الْخَلاَءَ وَفِي يَدِي خَاتَمٌ فِيهِ اسْمٌ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ الله تَعَالَى قَالَ لاَ وَلاَ تُجَامِعْ فِيهِ. وَرُوِيَ أَيْضاً أَنَّهُ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَنْجِيَ مِنَ الْخَلاَءِ فَلْيُحَوِّلْهُ مِنَ الْيَدِ الَّتِي يَسْتَنْجِي بِهَا. 

8. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from al-Muthanna from abu Ayyub who has said the following: “I once said to abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I enter the toilet area and there is a ring on my hand with a name of the names of Allah, most High. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, do not go there with it and do not perform sexual intercourse when you are wearing it.’” It also is narrated that when washing because of using a toilet one must remove such ring from the hand with which one is washing. 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 1, Chapter 36