[Pooya/Ali Commentary 30:2] During the period 614 A.D. to 616 A.D. the Byzantine emperor Heraclius was defeated by the Persians and the Byzantine empire lost much of its lands. In Makka, the pagans were happy about the defeat of the Romans because they were Christians and the people of the book. But the Muslims were grieved at the defeat of Romans because the Persians were fire worshippers, and the disbelievers of Makka were taunting the Muslims that their fate would also be similar to the Romans as this was an omen of their triumph upon the Muslims.