60. Confirming of Certain Heir a Debt
Back to book1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الشَّعِيرِيِّ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ قَالَ كُنَّا عَلَى بَابِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَنَحْنُ جَمَاعَةٌ نَنْتَظِرُهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِذْ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ أَيُّكُمْ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا الْقَوْمُ مَا تُرِيدِينَ مِنْهُ قَالَتْ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَقَالُوا لَهَا هَذَا فَقِيهُ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ فَسَلِيهِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ زَوْجِي مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَكَانَ لِي عَلَيْهِ مِنْ صَدَاقِي خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَأَخَذْتُ صَدَاقِي وَأَخَذْتُ مِيرَاثِي ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَادَّعَى عَلَيْهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَشَهِدْتُ لَهُ فَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أَحْسُبُ مَا يُصِيبُهَا إِذْ خَرَجَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا الَّذِي أَرَاكَ تُحَرِّكُ بِهِ أَصَابِعَكَ يَا حَكَمُ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَقَالَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَمَا سَأَلَتْ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَقَرَّتْ بِثُلُثِ مَا فِي يَدَيْهَا وَلا مِيرَاثَ لَهَا قَالَ الْحَكَمُ فَوَ اللهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَداً أَفْهَمَ مِنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام). قَالَ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ شَاذَانَ وَتَفْسِيرُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الَّذِي عَلَى الزَّوْجِ صَارَ أَلْفاً وَخَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ لِلرَّجُلِ أَلْفٌ وَلَهَا خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ هُوَ ثُلُثُ الدَّيْنِ وَإِنَّمَا جَازَ إِقْرَارُهَا فِي حِصَّتِهَا فَلَهَا مِمَّا تَرَكَ الْمَيِّتُ الثُّلُثُ وَلِلرَّجُلِ الثُّلُثَانِ فَصَارَ لَهَا مِمَّا فِي يَدَيْهَا الثُّلُثُ وَيُرَدُّ الثُّلُثَانِ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ وَالدَّيْنُ اسْتَغْرَقَ الْمَالَ كُلَّهُ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ شَيْءٌ يَكُونُ لَهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمِيرَاثِ وَلا يَجُوزُ إِقْرَارُهَا عَلَى غَيْرِهَا.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from Zakariya ibn Yahya from al-Shu‘ayriy from al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah who has narrated the following: “Once we were with abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. We were in a group waiting for him (the Imam) to come out. A woman came and asked, ’Which one of you is abu Ja‘far?’ The people asked, ‘What for are you asking for him?’ She replied, T want to ask him about an issue.’ They said, ‘This is the jurist of the people of Iraq. You can ask him your question.’ She said, ‘My husband has died and has left one thousand dirham as legacy. He owed me five hundred dirham as my mahr (dower) and my share of inheritance which I took from the legacy but then a man came and said my husband owed him one thousand dirham and I testified in his favor.’ Al-Hakam has said, ‘I was calculating it that abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, came out and said, ‘Why is it that I see you move your fingers, O Hakam?’ I replied, ‘This woman has mentioned that her husband has died. He has left one thousand dirham as legacy. He owed to her five hundred dirham as her mahr (dower). She took her dower and the share of her inheritance but then a man came and said that her husband owed him one thousand dirham and she testified in his favor.’ Hakam has said, ‘By Allah I had not completed my words that he (the Imam) said, ‘She has confessed to give back one-third of what she has in her hand and she does not have anything as her share of inheritance.’ Hakam has said, ‘I had never seen, by Allah, anyone more intelligent than abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam.”’ [Note: The next several passages of the Arabic text are words of al-Fadl and are not translated.]
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف 2 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (3/252)
2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ وَحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَأَقَرَّ بَعْضُ وَرَثَتِهِ لِرَجُلٍ بِدَيْنٍ قَالَ يَلْزَمُهُ ذَلِكَ فِي حِصَّتِهِ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn Hamzah and Husayn ibn ‘Uthman from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has narrated the following: “About the case of a man who dies and certain ones of his heirs confirm his indebtedness to a man, abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It becomes binding upon them on their shares.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: موثق - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (23/253)