Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبي عمير، ومحمد بن إسماعيل، عن الفضل ابن شاذان، عن صفوان بن يحيى، وابن أبي عمير، عن معاوية بن عمار، عن أبي عبدالله عليه السلام قال: ارم في كل يوم عند زوال الشمس وقل كما قلت حين رميت جمرة العقبة فابدء بالجمرة الاولى فارمها عن يسارها في بطن المسيل وقل كما قلت يوم النحر، قم عن يسار الطريق فاستقبل القبلة فاحمدالله واثن عليه وصل على النبي صلى الله عليه وآله ثم تقدم قليلا فتدعو وتسأله أن يتقبل منك ثم تقدم أيضا ثم افعل ذلك عند الثانية واصنع كما صنعت بالاولى وتقف وتدعوالله كما دعوت ثم تمضي إلى الثالثة وعليك السكينة والوقار فارم ولا تقف عندها.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya and Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Throw pebbles every day at Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime) and say what you said when throwing pebbles on Jamarah al-‘Aqabah. Begin with al- Jamarah al-’Ula’ and throw pebbles on it from its left side in the valley bed and say what you said on the day of al-Nahr (slaughtering the offering, 10th of Dhu al-Hajjah). Stand on the left of the road, face al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah), praise Allah, speak of His glory and say, ‘O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause 5 . Then move forward a little, pray and appeal before Allah to accept it from you, then move forward a little, then do the same near the second and do as you did with the first one, stand up and pray to Allah as you prayed before, then go to the third one with calmness and dignity. Throw pebbles and do not remain standing in its area.”’ 

محمد بن يحيى، عن محمد بن الحسين، عن صفوان بن يحيى، عن يعقوب بن شعيب قال، سألت أبا عبدالله عليه السلام عن الجمار، فقال: قم عند الجمرتين ولا تقم عند جمرة العقبة، قلت: هذا من السنة؟ قال: نعم، قلت: ما أقول إذا رميت؟ فقال: كبر مع كل حصاة.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn af-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ya’qub ibn Shu‘ayb who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about al-Jamar. He (the Imam) said, ‘You can stand near the two al-Jamarah but do not stand (for a long time) near Jamarah al-‘Aqabah.’ I then asked, ‘Is this of the Sunnah?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is of the Sunnah.’ I then asked, ‘What should I say when throwing pebbles?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Say Takhir (Allah is great beyond description) with every pebble.’” 

محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن علي بن الحكم، عن علي بن أبي حمزة، عن أبي بصير قال: قال أبوعبدالله عليه السلام: خذحصى الجمار بيدك اليسرى وارم باليمنى.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You should keep the pebbles to be thrown on al-Jamar in your left hand and throw them with your right hand.’” 

أبوعلي الاشعري، عن محمد بن عبدالجبار، عن صفوان بن يحيى، عن إسحاق بن عمار، عن أبي بصير، وصفوان، عن منصور بن حازم جميعا، عن أبي عبدالله عليه السلام قال: رمي الجمار من طلوع الشمس إلى غروبها.

4. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar from abu Basir and Safwan from Mansur ibn Hazim who all have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The time for throwing pebbles is from sunrise to sunset.’” 

علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبي عمير، عن عمر بن اذينة، عن زرارة، عن أبي جعفرعليه السلام أنه قال للحكم بن عتيبة: ما حد رمي الجمار؟ فقال الحكم: عند زوال الشمس، فقال أبوجعفر عليه السلام: أرأيت لو أنهما كانا رجلين فقال أحدهما لصاحبه: احفظ علينا متاعنا حتى أرجع أكان يفوته الرمي ! هو والله ما بين طلوع الشمس إلى غروبها.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ‘ibn ‘Udhaynah from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once asked al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah, ‘What is the time for throwing pebbles?’ He (Hakam) replied, ‘It is at Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime).’ Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), then said, ‘Consider if they were two people and one of them said, ‘You stay guard for our luggage until I come back after throwing pebbles. Would this not cause him to lose the time of throwing pebbles? It (the time for throwing pebbles) by Allah, is from sunrise to sunset.’” 

محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن علي بن الحكم، عن علي بن أبي حمزة، عن أبي بصير قال: قال أبوعبدالله عليه السلام: رخص رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله لرعاة الابل إذا جاؤوا بالليل أن يرموا.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, gave permission to camel attending people to come during the night and throw pebbles.”’ 

أحمد بن محمد، عن إسماعيل بن همام قال سمعت أبا الحسن الرضا عليه السلام يقول: لا ترمي الجمرة يوم النحر حتى تطلع الشمس وقال: ترمي الجمار من بطن الوادي وتجعل كل جمرة عن يمينك ثم تنفتل في الشق الآخر إذا رميت جمرة العقبة.

7. Ahmad ibn m h has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il ibn Hammam who has said the following: “I heard al-Rida’ (a.s.), say, ’You must not throw pebbles on al-Jamarah al-‘ Aqabah on the day of al-Nahr (slaughtering the offering, 10th of Dhu al-Hajjah) until sunrise.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Throw pebbles on al-Jamar from the interior of the valley, keep each one on your right side and turn to the other side when throwing pebbles on Jamarah al-‘Aqabah.’” 

أحمد بن محمد، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن فضالة بن أيوب، عن أبان، عن محمد الحلبي قال: سألت أبا عبدالله عليه السلام عن الغسل إذا أراد أن يرمي، فقال: ربما اغتسلت فأما من السنة فلا.

8. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Aban from Muhammad al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about Ghusl (bath) when one wants to throw pebbles. He (the Imam) said, ‘Perhaps you can take Ghusl (bath) but it is not of the Sunnah.’” 

علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبى عمير، عن حماد، عن الحلبي، عن أبي عبدالله عليه السلام قال: سألته عن الغسل إذا رمى الجمار، فقال: ربما فعلت وأما السنة فلا ولكن من الحر والعرق.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about Ghusl (bath) when throwing pebbles on al- Jamar. He (the Imam) said, ‘You perhaps can take Ghusl (bath) but it is not of the Sunnah except because of heat and perspiration.’” 

محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن علي بن الحكم، عن العلاء بن رزين، عن محمد بن مسلم قال: سألت أبا جعفرعليه السلام عن الجمار، فقال: لا ترم الجمار إلا وأنت على طهر.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about al-Jamar. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must not throw pebbles on al-Jamar unless you are with Tahur (cleansing, wudu’ or Ghusl (bath)).”’ 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 174