Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

عدة من أصحابنا، عن سهل بن زياد، وأحمد بن محمد، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن ابن رئاب، عن مسمع، عن أبي عبدالله عليه السلام في رجل نسي رمي الجمار يوم الثاني فبدء بجمرة العقبة ثم الوسطى ثم الاولى يؤخرما رمى بما رمى ويرمي الجمرة الوسطى ثم جمرة العقبة.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from Misma’ who has said the following: “This is about a man who due to forgetfulness on the second day first throws pebbles on Jamarah al-‘Aqabah’ then al-Wusta’ then al-’Ula’, Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ’He must reverse it by throwing pebbles on Jamarah al-Wusta’ then on Jamarah al-‘Aqabah’.’” 

علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، عن ابن أبي عمير، عن معاوية بن عمار، وحماد، عن الحلبي جميعا، عن أبي عبدالله عليه السلام في رجل يرمي الجمار منكوسة، قال: يعيد على الوسطى وجمرة العقبة.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar and Hammad from al-Halabiy who all have said the following: “This is about a man who reversed the order of throwing pebbles. Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ’He must throw pebbles on al-Wusta, then on Jamarah al-‘AqabahY” 

عدة من أصحابنا، عن سهل بن زياد، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن عبدالكريم بن عمرو، عن عبدالاعلى، عن أبي عبدالله عليه السلام قال: قلت له: رجل رمى الجمرة بست حصيات ووقعت واحدة في الحصى، قال: يعيدها إن شاء من ساعته وإن شاء من الغد إذا أراد الرمي ولا يأخذ من حصى الجمار، قال: وسألته عن رجل رمى جمرة العقبة بست حصيات ووقعت واحدة في المحمل، قال: يعيدها.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd al-Karim ibn ‘Amr from ‘Abd al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who throws six pebbles and one falls in the pebbles. He (the Imam) said, ’He can repeat it at the same time or in the next day if he so chooses and he must not take from the pebbles of Jamar.’ I then asked him (the Imam) about a man who throws pebbles on Jamarah al-‘Aqabah by six pebbles and one falls in the carriage. He (the Imam) said, ’He must repeat it.’” 

محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن علي بن الحكم، عن علي بن أبي حمزة، عن أبي بصير قال: قلت لابي عبدالله عليه السلام: ذهبت أرمي فإذا في يدي ست حصيات فقال: خذ واحدة من تحت رجلك.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I went to throw pebbles but there were only six pebbles in my hand.’ He (the Imam) said, ’Take one from under your feet.’” 

علي بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه، ومحمد بن إسماعيل، عن الفضل بن شاذان، عن صفوان، عن معاوية بن عمار، عن أبى عبدالله عليه السلام أنه قال: في رجل أخذ إحدى و عشرين حصاة فرمى بها فزاد واحدة فلم يدر من أيتهن نقصت، قال: فليرجع فليرم كل واحدة بحصاة، فإن سقطت من رجل حصاة فلم يدر أيتهن هي؟ قال: يأخذ من تحت قدميه حصاة فيرمي بها، قال: وإن رميت بحصاة فوقعت في محمل فأعد مكانها فإن هي أصابت إنسانا أو جملا ثم وقعت على الجمار أجزأك، وقال في رجل رمى الاولى بأربع والاخيرتين بسبع سبع قال: يعود فيرمي الاولى بثلاث وقد فرغ وإن كان رمى الاولى بثلاث ورمى الاخيرتين بسبع سبع فليعد وليرمهن جميعا بسبع سبع وإن كان رمى الوسطى بثلاث ثم رمى الاخرى فليرم الوسطى بسبع وإن كان رمى الوسطى بأربع رجع فرمى بثلاث، قال: قلت: الرجل ينكس في رمي الجمار فيبدء بجمرة العقبة ثم الوسطى ثم العظمى؟ قال: يعود فيرمي الوسطى ثم يرمي جمرة العقبة وإن كان من الغد.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “About a man who had twenty one pebbles and threw them but one remained extra and he did not know which of the three had one less. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must return and throw one pebble on each one. If a pebble falls from the hand of a man, he can take one from under his feet and throw it.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If you throw a pebble and it hits the carriage you must repeat throwing one in its place, but if it hits a man or a camel then hits al-Jamar it is sufficient.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘About a man who throws four on al-’Ula’ and seven on each of the other two, he must go back to throw three more on al-’Ula’. In so doing his task is complete; but if he has thrown three on al-’Ula’ and seven on each of the other two, he must repeat and throw pebbles on all of them, seven pebbles on each one. If he throws three pebbles on al-Wusta’ then he throws on al-’Ukhra’, he must throw on al-Wusta’ seven pebbles. If he has thrown four on al-Wusta he must go back to throw three more.’ I then asked him (the Imam) about a man who reverses the order so he begins with al-’Aqabah then al-Wusta’ then al-’Uzma’. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must repeat throwing on al-Wusta’ then al-‘Aqabah even if it is done the next day.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 175