Kamāl al-Dīn wa Tamām al-Niʿma

حدثنا أحمد بن الحسن القطان قال: حدثنا الحسن بن علي السكري قال: حدثنا محمد بن زكريا البصري قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن عمارة، عن أبيه قال: قلت للصادق جعفر بن محمد عليهما السلام: أخبرني بوفاة موسى بن عمران عليه السلام، فقال: إنه لما أتاه أجله واستوفي مدته وانقطع أكله أتاه ملك الموت عليه السلام فقال له: السلام عليك يا كليم الله، فقال موسى: وعليك السلام من أنت؟ فقال: أنا ملك الموت، قال: ما الذي جاء بك؟ قال: جئت لأقبض روحك، فقال له موسى عليه السلام: من أين تقبض روحي؟ قال: من فمك، قال موسى عليه السلام: كيف وقد كلمت به ربي جل جلاله، قال: فمن يديك، قال: كيف وقد حملت بهما التوراة، قال: فمن رجليك، قال: كيف وقد وطأت بهما طور سيناء، قال: فمن عينك، قال: كيف ولم تزال إلى ربى بالرجاء ممدودة قال: فمن أذنيك، قال: يكف وقد سمعت بهما كلام ربي عز وجل، قال: فأوحي الله تبارك وتعالى إلى ملك الموت: لا تقبض روحه حتى يكون هو الذي يريد ذلك، وخرج ملك الموت، فمكث موسى عليه السلام ما شاء الله أن يمكث بعد ذلك، ودعا يوشع بن نون فأوصى إليه وأمره بكتمان أمره وبأن يوصى بعده إلي من يقوم بالامر. وغاب موسى عليه السلام عن قومه فمر في غيبته برجل وهو يحفر قبرا فقال له: ألا أعينك على حفر هذا القبر؟ فقال له الرجل: بلى، فأعانه حتى حفر القبر وسوى اللحد، ثم اضطجع فيه موسى عليه السلام لينظر كيف هو فكشف الله له الغطاء فرأى مكانه في الجنة، فقال: يا رب اقبضني إليك، فقبض ملك الموت روحه مكانه ودفنه في القبر وسوى عليه التراب، وكان الذي يحفر القبر ملك الموت في صورة آدمي، وكان ذلك في التيه، فصاح صائح من السماء: مات موسى كليم الله، وأي نفس لا تموت، فحدثني أبي عن جدي عن أبيه عليهم السلام أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله سئل عن قبر موسى أين هو؟ فقال: هو عند الطريق الأعظم عند الكثيب الأحمر.

Ahmad b. al-Hasan al-Qattan narrated to us, he said: al-Hasan b. Ali al-Sukkari narrated to us, he said: Muhammad b. Zakariyya al-Basri narrated to us, he said: Ja‘far b. Muhammad b. ‘Umara narrated from his father who said: I asked al-Sadiq Ja‘far b. Muhammad (peace be upon them both): Inform me about the death of Musa b. ‘Imran (peace be upon him). He said: When his appointed time came, and he completed his term and his provisions ceased, the Angel of Death (peace be upon him) came to him and said: Peace be upon you, O Kalimullah. Musa said: And upon you be peace, who are you? He said: I am the Angel of Death. He said: What has brought you? He said: I have come to take your soul. Musa said: From where will you take my soul? He said: From your mouth. He said: How can that be, when I have spoken with it to my Lord? He said: From your hands. He said: How can that be, when I carried the Torah with them? He said: From your feet. He said: How can that be, when I walked with them upon Mount Sinai? He said: From your eyes. He said: How can that be, when they were always raised in hope to my Lord? He said: From your ears. He said: How can that be, when I heard the speech of my Lord with them? So Allah revealed to the Angel of Death: Do not take his soul until he desires that himself. And the Angel of Death departed. Then Musa remained as long as Allah willed after that. He summoned Yusha‘ b. Nun, entrusted him with his will, commanded him to conceal his affair, and instructed him to appoint after him whoever would rise with the matter. Musa disappeared from his people and, during his absence, he passed by a man digging a grave. He said to him: Shall I help you dig this grave? The man said: Yes. So he helped him until they dug the grave and shaped the niche. Then Musa lay down in it to see how it was, and Allah lifted the veil for him and he saw his place in Paradise. He said: O my Lord, take me unto You. So the Angel of Death took his soul at that very place, buried him in the grave, and leveled the earth over him. And the one digging the grave was the Angel of Death in human form. That was in the wilderness (al-tih). A crier from the heavens called out: Musa, the Kalimullah, has died—and which soul does not die?

ثم إن يوشع بن نون عليه السلام قام بالامر بعد موسى عليه السلام صابرا من الطواغيت على اللاواء والضراء والجهد البلاء حتى مضى منهم ثلاث طواغيت، فقوي بعدهم أمره فخرج عليه رجلان من منافقي قوم موسى عليه السلام بصفراء بنت شعيب امرأة موسى عليه السلام في مائة ألف رجل. فقاتلوا يوشع بن نون عليه السلام فقتلهم وقتل منهم مقتلة عظيمة وهزم الباقين بإذن الله تعالى ذكره، وأسر صفراء بنت شعيب، وقال لها: قد عفوت عنك في الدنيا إلى أن ألقى نبي الله موسى عليه السلام فأشكو إليه ما لقيت منك ومن قومك. فقالت صفراء: وا ويلاه، والله لو أبيحت لي الجنة لاستحييت أن أرى فيها رسول الله وقد هتكت حجابه، وخرجت على وصيه بعده. فاستتر الأئمة بعد يوشع بن نون إلى زمان داود عليه السلام أربعمائة سنة وكانوا أحد عشر وكان قوم كل واحد منهم يختلفون إليه في وقته ويأخذون عنه معالم دينهم حتى انتهى الامر إلى آخرهم، فغاب عنهم ثم ظهر لهم فبشرهم بداود عليه السلام وأخبرهم أن داود عليه السلام هو الذي يطهر الأرض من جالوت وجنوده، ويكون فرجهم في ظهوره فكانوا ينتظرونه، فلما كان زمان داود عليه السلام كان له أربعة إخوة ولهم أب شيخ كبير، وكان داود عليه السلام من بينهم حامل الذكر وكان أصغر أخوته لا يعلمون أنه داود النبي المنتظر الذي يطهر الأرض من جالوت وجنوده، وكانت الشيعة يعلمون أنه قد ولد وبلغ أشده وكانوا يرونه و يشاهدونه ولا يعلمون أنه هو.   فخرج داود عليه السلام وإخوته وأبوهم لما فصل طالوت بالجنود وتخلف عنهم داود، وقال: ما يصنع بي في هذا الوجه، فاستهان به إخوته وأبوه وأقام في غنم أبيه يرعاها. فاشتد الحرب وأصاب الناس جهد، فرجع أبوه وقال لداود: احمل إلى إخوتك طعاما يتقوون به على العدو، وكان عليه السلام رجلا قصيرا قليل الشعر طاهر القلب، أخلاقه نقية. فخرج والقوم متقاربون بعضهم من بعض قد رجع كل واحد منهم إلى مركزه، فمر داود عليه السلام على حجر فقال الحجر له بنداء رفيع: يا داود خذني فاقتل بي جالوت فإني إنما خلقت لقتله. فأخذه ووضعه في مخلاته التي كانت تكون فيها حجارته التي كان يرمي بها غنمه.   فلما دخل العسكر سمعهم يعظمون أمر جالوت، فقال لهم: ما تعظمون من أمره؟ فوالله لئن عاينته لأقتلنه. فتحدثوا بخبره حتى أُدخل على طالوت فقال له: يا فتى ما عندك من القوة وما جربت من نفسك؟ قال: قد كان الأسد يعدو على الشاة من غنمي فأدركه فآخذ برأسه وأفك لحييه عنها فآخذها من فيه. وكان الله تبارك وتعالى قد أوحى إلى طالوت أنه لا يقتل جالوت إلا من لبس درعك فملأها. فدعا بدرعه فلبسها داود عليه السلام فاستوت عليه، فراع ذلك طالوت ومن حضره من بني إسرائيل فقال: عسى الله أن يقتل به جالوت.   فلما أصبحوا والتقى الناس قال داود عليه السلام: أروني جالوت. فلما رآه أخذ الحجر فرماه به فصك به بين عينيه فدمغه، وتنكس عن دابته. فقال الناس: قتل داود جالوت، وملكه الناس حتى لم يكن يسمع لطالوت ذكر، واجتمعت عليه بنو إسرائيل. وأنزل الله تبارك وتعالى عليه الزبور، وعلمه صنعة الحديد فلينه له، وأمر الجبال والطير أن تسبح معه، وأعطاه صوتا لم يسمع بمثله حسنا، وأعطاه قوة في العبادة. وأقام في بني إسرائيل نبيا. ثم إن داود عليه السلام أراد أن يستخلف سليمان عليه السلام لان الله عز وجل أوحى إليه يأمره بذلك، فلما أخبر بني إسرائيل ضجوا من ذلك وقالوا: يستخلف علينا حدثا وفينا من هو أكبر منه، فدعا أسباط بني إسرائيل فقال لهم: قد بلغني مقالتكم فأروني عصيكم فأي عصا أثمرت فصاحبها ولي الأمر من بعدي، فقالوا: رضينا، فقال: ليكتب كل واحد منكم اسمه على عصاه، فكتبوه ثم جاء سليمان عليه السلام بعصاه فكتب عليها اسمه، ثم أدخلت بيتا وأغلق الباب وحرسته رؤوس أسباط بني إسرائيل، فلما أصبح صلى بهم الغداة، ثم أقبل ففتح الباب فأخرج عصيهم وقد أورقت وعصا سليمان قد أثمرت، فسلموا ذلك لداود عليه السلام، فاختبره بحضرة بني إسرائيل فقال له: يا بني أي شئ أبرد؟ قال: عفو الله عن الناس وعفوا الناس بعضهم عن بعض، قال: يا بني فأي شئ أحلى؟ قال: المحبة وهو روح الله في عباده. فافتر داود ضاحكا فسار به في بني إسرائيل، فقال: هذا خليفتي فيكم من بعدي، ثم أخفى سليمان بعد ذلك أمره وتزوج بامرأة واستتر من شيعته ما شاء الله أن يستتر. ثم إن امرأته قالت له ذات يوم: بأبي أنت وأمي ما أكمل خصالك وأطيب ريحك ولا أعلم لك خصلة أكرهها إلا أنك في مؤونة أبي فلو دخلت السوق فتعرضت لرزق الله رجوت أن لا يخيبك، فقال لها سليمان عليه السلام: إني والله ما عملت عملا قط ولا أحسنه، فدخل السوق فجال يومه ذلك ثم رجع فلم يصب شيئا، فقال لها: ما أصبت شيئا، قالت: لا عليك إن لم يكن اليوم كان غدا، فلما كان من الغد خرج إلى السوق فجال يومه فلم يقدر على شئ، ورجع فأخبرها فقالت له: يكون غدا إن شاء الله، فلما كان من اليوم الثالث مضى حتى انتهى إلى ساحل البحر فإذا هو بصياد، فقال له: هل لك أن أعينك وتعطينا شيئا قال: نعم، فأعانه فلما فرغ أعطاه الصياد سمكتين فأخذهما وحمد الله عز وجل، ثم إنه شق بطن إحديهما فإذا هو بخاتم في بطنها فأخذه فصره في ثوبه فحمد الله وأصلح السمكتين وجاء بهما إلى منزله ففرحت امرأته بذلك، وقالت له: إني أريد أن تدعو أبوي حتى يعلما أنك قد كسبت، فدعاهما فأكلا معه، فلما فرغوا قال لهم: هل تعرفوني؟ قالوا: لا والله إلا أنا لم نر إلا خيرا منك، قال: فأخرج خاتمه فلبسه فحن عليه الطير والريح وغشيه الملك، وحمل الجارية وأبويها إلى بلاد إصطخر، واجتمعت إليه الشيعة واستبشروا به ففرج الله عنهم مما كانوا فيه من حيرة غيبته. فلما حضرته الوفاة أوصى إلى آصف بن برخيا بأمر الله تعالى ذكره، فلم يزل بينهم تختلف إليه الشيعة ويأخذون عنه معالم دينهم، ثم غيب الله تبارك وتعالى آصف غيبة طال أمدها، ثم ظهر لهم فبقي بين قومه ما شاء الله، ثم إنه ودعهم فقالوا له: أين الملتقى؟ قال: على الصراط، وغاب عنهم ما شاء الله فاشتدت البلوى على بني إسرائيل بغيبته وتسلط عليهم بختنصر فجعل يقتل من يظفر به منهم ويطلب من يهرب ويسبي ذراريهم، فاصطفى من السبي من أهل بيت يهودا أربعة نفر فيهم دانيال واصطفى من ولد هارون عزيرا وهم يومئذ صبية صغار فمكثوا في يده وبنو إسرائيل في العذاب المهين. والحجة دانيال عليه السلام أسير في يد بختنصر تسعين سنة، فلما عرف فضله وسمع أن بني إسرائيل ينتظرون خروجه وبعث إليهم سمكة تدعى القمد لا لحم لها ولا عظم وإنما هي جلد ودم فخرجت من البحر فأوحى الله عز وجل إلى النحل أن تركبها، فركبتها فأتت النحل إلى تلك الجزيرة ونهض النحل وتعلق بالشجر فعرش وبنى وكثر العسل ولم يكونوا يفقدون شيئا من أخبار المسيح عليه السلام.

My father narrated to me from my grandfather from his father that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) was asked about the grave of Musa. He said: It is by the great road, near the red sand dune. Then Yusha‘ b. Nun took charge of the affair after Musa, patiently enduring from the tyrants hardship, distress, and severe trial, until three tyrants passed away, after which his authority strengthened. Then two men from the hypocrites of Musa’s people rose against him, bringing with them Safra the daughter of Shu‘ayb, the wife of Musa, along with one hundred thousand men. They fought Yusha‘ b. Nun, but he killed them, inflicted a massive defeat on them, and routed the remainder by the permission of Allah. He captured Safra the daughter of Shu‘ayb and said to her: I have pardoned you in this world until I meet the Prophet of Allah Musa and complain to him about what I suffered from you and your people. Safra said: Woe to me! By Allah, even if Paradise were permitted for me, I would be too ashamed to see the Messenger of Allah therein after having violated his sanctity and opposed his successor after him. Then the Imams went into concealment after Yusha‘ b. Nun until the time of Dawud—a period of four hundred years. There were eleven of them, and the people of each one would go to him in his time and learn the teachings of their religion from him, until the matter reached the last of them. He disappeared from them and then reappeared to them, giving them glad tidings of Dawud and informing them that Dawud was the one who would purify the land from Jalut and his army, and that their relief would come with his appearance. They awaited him. In the time of Dawud, he had four brothers and an elderly father. Among them, Dawud was the bearer of the remembrance and the youngest of his brothers. They did not know he was Dawud the awaited prophet who would cleanse the land from Jalut and his forces. The Shia knew he had been born and had reached maturity. They saw him and met him but did not know he was the one. So Dawud went out with his brothers and their father when Talut marched forth with the soldiers, but Dawud stayed behind, saying: "What part do I have in this matter?" His brothers and father belittled him, and he remained behind tending his father's sheep. The battle intensified and the people faced great hardship. His father returned and said to Dawud: "Take some food to your brothers so they may strengthen themselves against the enemy." Dawud was a short man with little hair, pure in heart and upright in character. He set out while the forces were close together, each man having returned to his station. As Dawud passed by a stone, the stone called to him in a loud voice: "O Dawud, take me and kill Jalut with me, for I was created only for his death." So he took it and placed it in the pouch in which he kept the stones he used to protect his flock. When he entered the camp, he heard them speaking in awe of Jalut. He said to them: "Why are you so amazed at him? By Allah, if I face him, I will kill him." The people began talking about him until he was brought before Talut, who asked: "O young man, what strength do you have, and what experience have you had with yourself?" He replied: "A lion used to charge at a sheep from my flock, and I would catch it, grab its head, pry its jaws open, and retrieve the sheep from its mouth." Allah, Blessed and Exalted, had revealed to Talut that Jalut would only be killed by someone who could wear his armor and fill it. So he summoned his armor, and Dawud wore it, and it fit him perfectly. Talut and the people of Bani Israil present were astonished, and Talut said: "Perhaps Allah will kill Jalut through him." When morning came and the armies met, Dawud said: "Show me Jalut." When he saw him, he took the stone and threw it at him, striking him between the eyes and crushing his skull. He toppled from his mount, and the people cried out: "Dawud has killed Jalut!" The people made Dawud their king, and Talut was no longer mentioned. Bani Israil united behind him. Allah, Blessed and Exalted, revealed the Zabur to him, taught him the craft of iron and made it soft for him, commanded the mountains and birds to glorify Him alongside him, gave him a voice more beautiful than any heard before, and granted him strength in worship. He remained a prophet among Bani Israil. Then Dawud, peace be upon him, wanted to appoint Sulayman, peace be upon him, as his successor because Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, had revealed to him to do so. When he informed the Children of Israel, they objected, saying, "Will he appoint a youth over us when there are among us those older than him?" Dawud then summoned the tribes of the Children of Israel and said to them, "I have heard your statements. Show me your staffs, and whichever staff bears fruit, its owner will be the one to succeed me." They agreed, and each one wrote his name on his staff. Then Sulayman came with his staff and wrote his name on it. The staffs were placed in a room, and the leaders of the tribes guarded the door. In the morning, Dawud led them in prayer, then opened the door and brought out the staffs. All of them had sprouted leaves, and the staff of Sulayman had borne fruit. They accepted this, and Dawud tested Sulayman in front of them saying, "My son, what is the coldest thing?" He replied, "The forgiveness of Allah for people and their forgiveness for one another." Dawud then asked, "What is the sweetest thing?" He replied, "Love, which is the spirit of Allah among His servants." Dawud smiled and led him before the Children of Israel, saying, "This is my successor among you after me." Sulayman then concealed his identity, married a woman, and remained hidden from his followers for a time. One day, his wife said to him, "By my father and mother, your traits are perfect, your scent pleasant, and I know no fault in you except that you rely on my father’s provision. If only you went to the market and sought sustenance from Allah, perhaps you would not return empty-handed." Sulayman said, "By Allah, I have never done any work nor do I know how." He went to the market and wandered all day but returned empty-handed. He told her, and she said, "Never mind, if not today, then tomorrow." The next day, he went again but found nothing and returned. She encouraged him again. On the third day, he reached the seashore and saw a fisherman. He said, "Shall I help you and you give us something in return?" The fisherman agreed. After assisting, Sulayman was given two fish. He praised Allah, opened one fish, and found a ring inside. He wrapped it in his cloth, praised Allah, cooked the fish, and returned home. His wife rejoiced and asked him to invite her parents to show them his earnings. He did so, and they ate together. Afterwards, he asked, "Do you recognize me?" They said, "By Allah, no, but we have seen only good from you." He then took out the ring and wore it. The birds and the wind responded to him, and his kingdom returned. He took his wife and her parents to the land of Istakhr. His followers gathered around him, rejoiced, and Allah relieved them of the confusion caused by his absence. When Sulayman’s death approached, he appointed Asif ibn Barkhiya by Allah’s command. The followers continued to seek knowledge from him and learn their religion. Then Allah caused Asif to enter a long occultation. After some time, he reappeared and lived among his people for a while. Then he said farewell. They asked, "Where shall we meet?" He said, "On the Bridge (Sirat)." He disappeared again, and hardship befell the Children of Israel due to his absence. Nebuchadnezzar oppressed them, killed whoever he could, pursued those who fled, and took their children captive. From the captives of the house of Judah, he selected four individuals including Daniel, and from the descendants of Harun, he chose Uzayr. At that time, they were young boys and remained under his control while the Children of Israel endured severe torment. The proof of Allah, Daniel, peace be upon him, was a captive in the hand of Nebuchadnezzar for ninety years. When Nebuchadnezzar recognized his virtue and heard that the Children of Israel were awaiting his emergence, he sent to them a fish called al-Qamad, which had neither flesh nor bone—only skin and blood. The fish emerged from the sea, and Allah revealed to the bees to ride upon it. They did so and traveled to that island. The bees settled in the trees, built hives, and increased in number. Honey became abundant, and they did not miss any news of the Messiah, peace be upon him.

وهكذا يكون سبيل القائم عليه السلام. له علم إذا حان وقت خروجه انتشر ذلك العلم من نفسه، وأنطقه الله عز وجل فناداه: اخرج يا ولي الله فاقتل أعداء الله. وله سيف مغمد، إذا حان وقت خروجه اقتلع ذلك السيف من غمده، وأنطقه الله عز وجل فناداه السيف: اخرج يا ولي الله، فلا يحل لك أن تقعد عن أعداء الله. فيخرج عليه السلام ويقتل أعداء الله حيث ثقفهم، ويقيم حدود الله، ويحكم بحكم الله عز وجل. حدثني بذلك أبو الحسن أحمد بن ثابت الدواليني بمدينة السلام، عن محمد بن الفضل النحوي، عن محمد بن علي بن عبد الصمد الكوفي، عن علي بن عاصم، عن محمد بن علي ابن موسى، عن أبيه، عن آبائه، عن الحسين بن علي عليهم السلام، عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله في آخر حديث طويل - قد أخرجته في هذا الكتاب في باب ما روي عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله من النص على القائم عليه السلام وأنه الثاني عشر من الأئمة عليهم السلام -.

And thus will be the path of the Qa'im. He possesses knowledge, and when the time of his emergence arrives, that knowledge will emanate from within him. Allah, Exalted, will cause him to speak, and he will be called out: "Arise, O friend of Allah, and slay the enemies of Allah." He has a sheathed sword, and when the time of his rise comes, the sword will be unsheathed, and Allah will cause it to speak. It will call: "Arise, O friend of Allah, it is not lawful for you to remain seated while the enemies of Allah exist." So he will rise and slay the enemies of Allah wherever they are found, establish the limits of Allah, and rule by the judgment of Allah, Mighty and Exalted. And this was narrated o me by Abu al-Hasan Ahmad b. Thabit al-Dawalini in Madinat al-Salam, from Muhammad b. al-Fadl al-Nahwi, from Muhammad b. Ali b. Abd al-Samad al-Kufi, from Ali b. Asim, from Muhammad b. Ali b. Musa, from his father, from his forefathers, from al-Husayn b. Ali (peace be upon them), from the Messenger of Allah (saw), in a long narration — which I have cited in this book in the chapter concerning what has been narrated from the Prophet (saw) regarding the designation of the Qa'im (as), and that he is the twelfth of the Imams (peace be upon them).