The Reason Why There is a Need for the Imam (as)

Kamāl al-Dīn wa Tamām al-Niʿma|Volume 1|Book 2|Chapter 21

Kamāl al-Dīn wa Tamām al-Niʿma

Book 2, Chapter 21

The Reason Why There is a Need for the Imam (a.s)
23 Ahadith · 1 Commentary
Hadith 1

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ [بْنُ‌] الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالا حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ تَبْقَى الْأَرْضُ بِغَيْرِ إِمَامٍ قَالَ لَوْ بَقِيَتِ الْأَرْضُ بِغَيْرِ إِمَامٍ سَاعَةً لَسَاخَتْ.

Narrated to us my father; and Muhammad bin Hasan - may Allah be pleased with them - they said: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah that: Narrated to us Muhammad bin Isa bin Ubaid; and Muhammad bin Husain bin Abil Khattab from Muhammad bin Fudail from Abi Hamza Thumali from Abi Abdullah (as) that he asked him: “Can the earth remain without an Imam?” He replied: “If the earth is without an Imam for a moment, it will indeed sink into itself.”

Hadith 2

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْهَيْثَمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عليه السلام قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ تَبْقَى الْأَرْضُ بِغَيْرِ إِمَامٍ فَقَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَإِنَّا نُرَوَّى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام أَنَّهَا لَا تَبْقَى بِغَيْرِ إِمَامٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يَسْخَطَ اللَّهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ أَوْ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ فَقَالَ لَا تَبْقَى إِذاً لَسَاخَتْ.

Narrated to us Muhammad bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Walid (ra) that he said: Narrated to us Muhammad bin Hasan as-Saffar that he said: Narrated to us Abbas bin Maroof from Ali bin Mahziyar from Muhammad bin Haitham from Muhammad bin Fudhail from Abil Hasan al-Ridha (as) that he asked him: “Can the earth remain without an Imam?” “No,” he replied. I asked: “It has been narrated from Abi Abdullah (as) that the earth will not remain without an Imam except that Allah will be angry on the people or on His servants?” The Imam said: “It will not remain except that it will sink into itself.”

Hadith 3

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ [بْنُ‌] الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالا حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُؤْمِنِ عَنْ أَبِي هَرَاسَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عليه السلام قَالَ قَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ الْإِمَامَ رُفِعَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ سَاعَةً لَمَاجَتْ بِأَهْلِهَا كَمَا يَمُوجُ الْبَحْرُ بِأَهْلِهِ‌.

Narrated to us my father; and Muhammad bin Hasan - may Allah be pleased with them - they said: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah that: Narrated to us Muhammad bin Isa bin Ubaid from Abi Abdullah Zakariya bin Muhammad Momin from Abi Harasa from Abi Ja’far (as) that he said: “If the Imam is lifted from the earth for a moment, it (the earth) will sink along with its inhabitants like the sea sinks along with those in it.”

Hadith 4

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْبَجَلِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام فِي حَدِيثٍ لَهُ فِي الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عليه السلام أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ‌ وَ لَوْ لَا مَنْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِنْ حُجَجِ اللَّهِ لَنَفَضَتِ الْأَرْضُ مَا فِيهَا وَ أَلْقَتْ مَا عَلَيْهَا إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لَا تَخْلُو سَاعَةً مِنَ الْحُجَّةِ.

Narrated to us my father (ra) that he said: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah that he said: Narrated to us Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Isa and Ibrahim bin Mahziyar from Ali bin Mahziyar from Husain bin Saeed from Abi Ali Bajali from Aban bin Uthman from Zurarah bin Uyun from Abi Abdullah (as) that he said at the end of the tradition about Husain bin Ali (as): “If the Divine Proof does not remain on the earth, it will be destroyed along with whatever is in it and upon it. The earth cannot be devoid of Divine Proof for a moment.”

Hadith 5

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ الْمُسْتَرِقِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْحَلَّالِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عليه السلام إِنَّا رُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لَا تَبْقَى بِغَيْرِ إِمَامٍ أَ وَ تَبْقَى وَ لَا إِمَامَ فِيهَا فَقَالَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ لَا تَبْقَى سَاعَةً إِذاً لَسَاخَتْ.

Narrated to us my father (ra) that: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah: Narrated to us Muhammad bin Husain bin Abil Khattab from Abi Dawood Sulaiman bin Sufyan Mustariq from Ahmad bin Umar Hallal that he said: “I asked Abul Hasan al-Ridha (as): “It is narrated to us from Abi Abdullah (as) that he either said: ‘The earth will not remain without an Imam’ or ‘it will remain without an Imam in it’; (what is the correct version?) He replied: ‘God forbid! It will not survive for a moment but that it will indeed cave into itself.’”

Hadith 6

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَالِكِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي مَحْمُودٍ قَالَ قَالَ الرِّضَا ع‌ نَحْنُ حُجَجُ اللَّهِ فِي خَلْقِهِ وَ خُلَفَاؤُهُ فِي عِبَادِهِ وَ أُمَنَاؤُهُ عَلَى سِرِّهِ وَ نَحْنُ كَلِمَةُ التَّقْوَى وَ الْعُرْوَةُ الْوُثْقَى وَ نَحْنُ شُهَدَاءُ اللَّهِ وَ أَعْلَامُهُ فِي بَرِيَّتِهِ بِنَا يُمْسِكُ اللَّهُ‌ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ أَنْ تَزُولا وَ بِنَا يُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ‌ وَ يَنْشُرُ الرَّحْمَةَ وَ لَا تَخْلُو الْأَرْضُ مِنْ قَائِمٍ مِنَّا ظَاهِرٍ أَوْ خَافٍ وَ لَوْ خَلَتْ يَوْماً بِغَيْرِ حُجَّةٍ

Narrated to us my father (ra) that: Narrated to us Hasan bin Ahmad Maliki from his father from Ibrahim bin Abi Mahmood that he said: al-Ridha (as) said: “We are the proofs of Allah upon His creatures, and His vicegerents on His servants and the trustees of His secrets. And we are the word of guarding, and the firm rope and we are the witnesses of Allah and His signs among His creatures. Through us Allah has maintained the heavens and the earth from crashing. And for our sake the rain falls and the divine mercy spreads. And the earth is never devoid of a Qaim from among us, be he apparent or hidden and if it be without divine proof for a single day it will cave along with its inhabitants like the sea sinks along with those in it.”

Hadith 7

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ قَالا حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي خَلَفٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لَا تَخْلُو مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهَا حُجَّةٌ عَالِمٌ إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لَا يُصْلِحُهَا إِلَّا ذَلِكَ وَ لَا يُصْلِحُ النَّاسَ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ.

Narrated to us my father (ra) that: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah bin Ja’far Himyari that they said: Narrated to us Ibrahim bin Mahziyar from his brother Ali bin Mahziyar from Muhammad bin Abi Umair from Saad bin Abi Khalaf from Hasan bin Ziyad that he said: I heard Abu Abdillah (as) say: “The earth can never be devoid of a scholar (Divine Proof) because neither can the system of the earth run nor can the people be reformed without it.”

Hadith 8

وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْخَزَّازِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ عليه السلام أَ تَبْقَى الْأَرْضُ بِغَيْرِ إِمَامٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَإِنَّا نُرَوَّى أَنَّهَا لَا تَبْقَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَسْخَطَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ فَقَالَ لَا تَبْقَى إِذاً لَسَاخَتْ.

And from the same chain of narrators from Ali bin Mahziyar from Hasan bin Ali Khazzaz from Ahmad bin Umar that he asked Abul Hasan (Imam Kazim): “Can the earth remain without an Imam?” He replied: “No.” I asked: “It is narrated to us that it cannot be but that Allah will be furious on His servants?” The Imam said: “It cannot remain (except that) it will sink into itself.”

Hadith 9

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالا حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ [بْنُ‌] جَعْفَرٍ قَالا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي هَرَاسَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عليه السلام قَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ الْإِمَامَ رُفِعَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ لَمَاجَتِ الْأَرْضُ بِأَهْلِهَا كَمَا يَمُوجُ الْبَحْرُ بِأَهْلِهِ.

Narrated to us my father; and Muhammad bin Hasan - may Allah be pleased with them -they said: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah; and Abdullah bin Ja’far, they said: Narrated to us Muhammad bin Isa and Muhammad bin Husain bin Abil Khattab from Abi Abdullah Momin and Hasan bin Ali bin Faddal from Abi Harasa from Abi Ja’far (as) that he said: “If the Imam is taken away from the earth it will sink along with its inhabitants like the sea sinks along with those in it.”

Hadith 10

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالا حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ الطَّيَّارِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام يَقُولُ‌ لَوْ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ‌ إِلَّا اثْنَانِ لَكَانَ أَحَدُهُمَا الْحُجَّةَ أَوْ كَانَ الثَّانِي الْحُجَّةَ الشَّكُّ مِنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ.

Narrated to us my father and Muhammad bin Hasan - may Allah be pleased with them -they said: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah and Abdullah bin Ja’far they said: Narrated to us Muhammad bin Isa and Muhammad bin Husain bin Abil Khattab all of them from Muhammad bin Sinan from Hamza Tayyar that he said: I heard Aba Abdillah (as) say: “If none remains on the earth except two persons, one of them will be the Divine Proof” or he said, “The second of them is the Divine Proof”. This doubt is from Muhammad bin Sinan.

Hadith 11

وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَدَعِ الْأَرْضَ إِلَّا وَ فِيهَا عَالِمٌ يَعْلَمُ الزِّيَادَةَ وَ النُّقْصَانَ فَإِذَا زَادَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ شَيْئاً رَدَّهُمْ وَ إِذَا نَقَصُوا شَيْئاً أَكْمَلَهُ لَهُمْ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَالْتَبَسَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أُمُورُهُمْ.

And through the same chain of narrators from Muhammad bin Isa from Yunus bin Abdur Rahman from Abi Sabbah from Abi Abdullah (as) that he said: “Indeed Allah, the Blessed and the Mighty, does not leave the earth but that there is a scholar on it who is aware of every excess and deficiency so that if the believers observe excess in something he may return them (to the divine limits) and if they are deficient in something he may complete it for them. And if it had not been so, the affairs of the believers would have been unknown to them.”

Hadith 12

وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ يَدَعِ الْأَرْضَ بِغَيْرِ عَالِمٍ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ‌ لَمَا عُرِفَ الْحَقُّ مِنَ الْبَاطِلِ.

And through the same chain of narrators from Yunus bin Abdur Rahman from ibn Muskan from Abi Baseer that he said: Abu Abdullah (as) said: “Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, certainly does not leave the earth without an Imam. If it had not been thus, the truth would not have been distinguished from falsehood.”

Hadith 13

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالا حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالا حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ فِي حَالِ اسْتِقَامَتِهِ‌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام يَمْضِي الْإِمَامُ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَقِبٌ قَالَ لَا يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ قُلْتُ فَيَكُونُ مَا ذَا قَالَ لَا يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَغْضَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ فَيُعَاجِلَهُمْ.

Narrated to us my father; and Muhammad bin Hasan - may Allah be pleased with them -they said: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah; and Abdullah bin Ja’far, they said: Narrated to us Yaqoob bin Yazid from Ahmad bin Hilal – (when he was on the right faith) ¬from Muhammad bin Abi Umair from Uzainah from Zurarah that he asked Abi Abdullah (as): “Is it possible for an Imam to pass away without being succeeded by anyone?” The Imam replied: “It will never be so.” I (the narrator) asked: “Can it ever happen thus?” He replied: “No, it can never be so, except that Allah, the Mighty and Sublime will send wrath on His creatures and deal with them (immediately).”

Hadith 14

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالا حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْعُصْفُرِيِ‌ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عليه السلام قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ لَوْ بَقِيَتِ الْأَرْضُ يَوْماً بِلَا إِمَامٍ مِنَّا لَسَاخَتْ بِأَهْلِهَا وَ لَعَذَّبَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِأَشَدِّ عَذَابِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى جَعَلَنَا حُجَّةً فِي أَرْضِهِ وَ أَمَاناً فِي الْأَرْضِ لِأَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ لَمْ يَزَالُوا فِي أَمَانٍ مِنْ أَنْ تَسِيخَ بِهِمُ الْأَرْضُ مَا دُمْنَا بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُهْلِكَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يُمْهِلَهُمْ وَ لَا يُنْظِرَهُمْ ذَهَبَ بِنَا مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ وَ رَفَعَنَا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ مَا شَاءَ وَ أَحَبَّ.

Narrated to us my father; and Muhammad bin Hasan - may Allah be pleased with them -they said: Narrated to us Abdullah bin Ja’far: Narrated to us Muhammad bin Ahmad from Abi Saeed Usfoori from Amr bin Thabit from his father from Abi Ja’far (as) that he said: “If the earth remains without an Imam from among us for a day it will cave into itself with all its inhabitants. And Allah will chastise them with His worst chastisement. Indeed Allah, the Blessed and the Mighty, has appointed us as His proofs in His earth and made us a security for the inhabitants of the earth. Thus till the time one of us is present there is security for the inhabitants of the earth. When Allah wants to destroy them without giving any respite or looking upon them with mercy, He will take us away from among them and raise us to Himself. Then Allah will do what He wants and what He likes.”

Hadith 15

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالا حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جَنَاحٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عليه السلام فَقُلْتُ أَ تَخْلُو الْأَرْضُ مِنْ حُجَّةٍ فَقَالَ لَوْ خَلَتْ مِنْ حُجَّةٍ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ لَسَاخَتْ بِأَهْلِهَا.

Narrated to us my father; and Muhammad bin Hasan - may Allah be pleased with them - they said: Narrated to us Abdullah bin Ja’far Himyari from Ahmad bin Hilal from Saeed bin Jannah from Sulaiman Ja’fari that he asked Abul Hasan al-Ridha (as): “Can the earth remain without a Divine Proof?” He replied: “If the earth is without a Divine Proof for a fraction of a second, it will cave into itself along with its inhabitants.”

Hadith 16

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ جَمِيعاً عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عليه السلام قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ مَا تَرَكَ اللَّهُ الْأَرْضَ بِغَيْرِ عَالِمٍ يَنْقُصُ مَا زَادُوا وَ يَزِيدُ مَا نَقَصُوا وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَاخْتَلَطَتْ عَلَى النَّاسِ أُمُورُهُمْ.

Narrated to us Muhammad bin Hasan (ra): Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah; and Abdullah bin Ja’far Himyari, all of them from Muhammad bin Isa from Ali bin Ismail Mithami from Thalaba bin Maimoon from Abdul Ali bin Ayan from Abi Ja’far (as) that he said: “Allah does not leave the earth without a scholar who reduces what they (people) increase (in religion) and increases what they reduce. If it had not been thus, the affairs of the people would have become confusing for them.”

Hadith 17

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ عَنْ فُضَيْلٍ الرَّسَّانِ قَالَ: كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام أَخْبِرْنَا مَا فَضْلُكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام إِنَّ الْكَوَاكِبَ جُعِلَتْ فِي السَّمَاءِ أَمَاناً لِأَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ فَإِذَا ذَهَبَتْ نُجُومُ السَّمَاءِ جَاءَ أَهْلَ السَّمَاءِ مَا كَانُوا يُوعَدُونَ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص جُعِلَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَمَاناً لِأُمَّتِي فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي جَاءَ أُمَّتِي مَا كَانُوا يُوعَدُونَ.

Narrated to us my father (ra); Narrated to us Abdullah bin Ja’far Himyari from Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Isa from Husain bin Saeed from Faddala bin Ayyub from Dawood from Fudhail Rassan that he said: Muhammad bin Ibrahim wrote to Abi Abdullah (as):   “Tell us about the excellence of you Ahlul Bayt (as).” So Abi Abdullah (as) replied to him: “Indeed the stars are placed in the sky as means of security for the folks of the heavens. If the stars go away from the sky the folks of the heavens will get what they are promised. And the Messenger of Allah (sw) said: My Ahlul Bayt is appointed as the means of security for my Ummah. Thus when my Ahlul Bayt go away, my Ummah will get what it is promised.”

Hadith 18

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ الْبَغْدَادِيُ‌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ الْجَعْدِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ صَالِحٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ إِيَاسِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ يَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص‌ النُّجُومُ أَمَانٌ لِأَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَمَانٌ لِأُمَّتِي.

Narrated to us Muhammad bin Umar al-Hafiz Baghdadi that he said: Narrated to us Ahmad bin Abdul Aziz bin Jaadi Abu Bakr that he said: Narrated to us Abdur Rahman bin Salih: Narrated to us Ubaidullah bin Musa from Musa bin Ubaidah from Iyaas bin Salamah from his father in a tradition traceable to an infallible that he said: The Messenger of Allah (sw) said: “The stars are (means of) security for the folks of the heavens and my Ahlul Bayt is (the means of) safety for my Ummah.”

Hadith 19

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ بْنِ سَهْلٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ‌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ هَارُونَ بْنِ عَنْتَرَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عليه السلام قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ النُّجُومُ أَمَانٌ لِأَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ فَإِذَا ذَهَبَتِ النُّجُومُ ذَهَبَ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَمَانٌ لِأَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي ذَهَبَ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ.

Narrated to us Muhammad bin Umar: Narrated to me Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Sirri bin Sahl: Narrated to us Abbas bin Husain: Narrated to us Abdul Malik bin Harun bin Antara from his father from his grandfather from Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (sw) said: “The stars are (means of) security for the folks of the heavens. Thus when the stars go away the folks of the sky shall also be gone. And my Ahlul Bayt is (the means of) safety for the inhabitants of the earth. Thus when my Ahlul Bayt go away the folks of the earth shall also be gone.”

Hadith 20

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى الْعِجْلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ خَيْثَمَةَ الْجُعْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عليه السلام قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ نَحْنُ جَنْبُ اللَّهِ وَ نَحْنُ صَفْوَتُهُ وَ نَحْنُ حَوْزَتُهُ وَ نَحْنُ مُسْتَوْدَعُ مَوَارِيثِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ نَحْنُ أُمَنَاءُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ نَحْنُ حُجَجُ اللَّهِ وَ نَحْنُ أَرْكَانُ الْإِيمَانِ وَ نَحْنُ دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ نَحْنُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَ نَحْنُ مَنْ بِنَا يُفْتَحُ وَ بِنَا يُخْتَمُ وَ نَحْنُ أَئِمَّةُ الْهُدَى وَ نَحْنُ مَصَابِيحُ الدُّجَى وَ نَحْنُ مَنَارُ الْهُدَى وَ نَحْنُ السَّابِقُونَ وَ نَحْنُ الْآخِرُونَ وَ نَحْنُ الْعَلَمُ الْمَرْفُوعُ لِلْخَلْقِ مَنْ تَمَسَّكَ بِنَا لَحِقَ وَ مَنْ تَأَخَّرَ عَنَّا غَرِقَ وَ نَحْنُ قَادَةُ الْغُرِّ الْمُحَجَّلِينَ وَ نَحْنُ خِيَرَةُ اللَّهِ وَ نَحْنُ الطَّرِيقُ الْوَاضِحُ وَ الصِّرَاطُ الْمُسْتَقِيمُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ نَحْنُ مِنْ نِعْمَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَ نَحْنُ الْمِنْهَاجُ وَ نَحْنُ مَعْدِنُ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ نَحْنُ مَوْضِعُ الرِّسَالَةِ وَ نَحْنُ الَّذِينَ إِلَيْنَا تَخْتَلِفُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَ نَحْنُ السِّرَاجُ لِمَنِ اسْتَضَاءَ بِنَا وَ نَحْنُ السَّبِيلُ لِمَنِ اقْتَدَى بِنَا وَ نَحْنُ الْهُدَاةُ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ نَحْنُ عُرَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَ نَحْنُ الْجُسُورُ وَ الْقَنَاطِرُ مَنْ مَضَى عَلَيْهَا لَمْ يُسْبَقْ وَ مَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهَا مُحِقَ وَ نَحْنُ السَّنَامُ الْأَعْظَمُ وَ نَحْنُ الَّذِينَ بِنَا يُنْزِلُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الرَّحْمَةَ وَ بِنَا يُسْقَوْنَ الْغَيْثَ وَ نَحْنُ الَّذِينَ بِنَا يُصْرَفُ عَنْكُمُ الْعَذَابُ فَمَنْ عَرَفَنَا وَ أَبْصَرَنَا وَ عَرَفَ حَقَّنَا وَ أَخَذَ بِأَمْرِنَا فَهُوَ مِنَّا وَ إِلَيْنَا.

Narrated to us my father (ra): Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah from Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Isa from Abbas bin Maroof from Abdullah bin Abdur Rahman Basri from Abi Maghra Humaid bin Muthanna Ijli from Abi Baseer from Khaithama Jofi from Abi Ja’far (as) that he said: “We are the Jambullah (side of Allah) and we are His chosen ones and His Pool. We are the inheritors of the prophets. We are the trustees of (secrets) of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. We are the proofs of Allah and we are the pillars of faith and we are the foundations of Islam. We are from the mercy of Allah on His creatures. We are those through whom was the beginning and will be the end. And we are the Imams of guidance and we are the lamps of darkness and we are the minarets of guidance. We are the foremost and we are the ultimate. We are raised standard for the people. One who got attached to us got the truth and one who left us was drowned. We are the chiefs with white-forehead. We are the best creatures of Allah and we are the clear and straight path to Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. We are from the bounties of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime on His creatures. And we are the illuminated path and we are the mines of prophethood and the site of placing prophethood. We are those to whom the angels come and go. We are lamps for those who take light from us. We are the path of truth for those who follow us. We are the guides to Paradise and we are rope of Islam. We are that bridge, such that one who passed through would not be surpassed and one who left was destroyed. And we are the highest peaks and we are those through whom Allah, the Mighty and Sublime sends His mercy and through us sends the rain. And we are those through whom chastisement is warded off from you. Thus one who recognized and understood us and became aware of our rights and accepted our guardianship, is from us and (is heading) to us.”

Hadith 21

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْيَمَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ‌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عليه السلام قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عليه السلام اكْتُبْ مَا أُمْلِي عَلَيْكَ قَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ أَ تَخَافُ عَلَيَّ النِّسْيَانَ فَقَالَ لَسْتُ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكَ النِّسْيَانَ وَ قَدْ دَعَوْتُ اللَّهَ لَكَ أَنْ يُحَفِّظَكَ وَ لَا يُنْسِيَكَ وَ لَكِنِ اكْتُبْ لِشُرَكَائِكَ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ مَنْ شُرَكَائِي يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ قَالَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ وُلْدِكَ بِهِمْ تُسْقَى أُمَّتِي الْغَيْثَ وَ بِهِمْ يُسْتَجَابُ دُعَاؤُهُمْ وَ بِهِمْ يَصْرِفُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمُ الْبَلَاءَ وَ بِهِمْ تَنْزِلُ الرَّحْمَةُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ- وَ هَذَا أَوَّلُهُمْ وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الْحَسَنِ عليه السلام ثُمَّ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الْحُسَيْنِ عليه السلام ثُمَّ قَالَ عليه السلام الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ.

Narrated to us my father (ra): Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah from Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Isa from Husain bin Saeed from Hammad bin Isa from Ibrahim Umar Yamani from Abi Tufail from Abi Ja’far (as) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (sw) said to Amirul Momineen (as): “Write down what I dictate to you.” Ali (as) said: “O Prophet of Allah, do you fear that I will forget?” He replied: “No, I am not worried about your forgetfulness. I had prayed to Allah to make you remember and protect you from forgetfulness. But you write down for your partners. Ali (as) asked: “Who are my partners, O Prophet of Allah?” The Prophet said: “The Imams from your progeny through whom my Ummah will get rain. Through whom their supplications will be accepted and through whom Allah will ward off calamities from them and through them mercy will descend from the heavens.” Then he pointed to Hasan (as) and said: “He shall be the first.” Then he gestured to Husain (as) and said: “(The other) Imams shall be from his progeny.”

Hadith 22

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْقَطَّانُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ صَقْرٍ الْعَبْدِيُ‌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عليه السلام قَالَ: نَحْنُ أَئِمَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ حُجَجُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ وَ سَادَةُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ قَادَةُ الْغُرِّ الْمُحَجَّلِينَ وَ مَوَالِي الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ نَحْنُ أَمَانٌ لِأَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ كَمَا أَنَّ النُّجُومَ أَمَانٌ لِأَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ وَ نَحْنُ الَّذِينَ بِنَا يُمْسِكُ اللَّهُ‌ السَّماءَ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ‌ وَ بِنَا يُمْسِكُ الْأَرْضَ أَنْ تَمِيدَ بِأَهْلِهَا وَ بِنَا يُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَ تُنْشَرُ الرَّحْمَةُ وَ تَخْرُجُ بَرَكَاتُ الْأَرْضِ وَ لَوْ لَا مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ مِنَّا لَسَاخَتْ بِأَهْلِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ وَ لَمْ تَخْلُ الْأَرْضُ مُنْذُ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ مِنْ حُجَّةٍ لِلَّهِ فِيهَا ظَاهِرٍ مَشْهُورٍ أَوْ غَائِبٍ مَسْتُورٍ وَ لَا تَخْلُو إِلَى أَنْ تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ مِنْ حُجَّةٍ لِلَّهِ فِيهَا وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَمْ يُعْبَدِ اللَّهُ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ فَقُلْتُ لِلصَّادِقِ عليه السلام فَكَيْفَ يَنْتَفِعُ النَّاسُ بِالْحُجَّةِ الْغَائِبِ الْمَسْتُورِ قَالَ كَمَا يَنْتَفِعُونَ بِالشَّمْسِ إِذَا سَتَرَهَا السَّحَابُ.

Narrated to us Muhammad bin Ahmad Shaibani (ra) : Narrated to us Ahmad bin Yahya bin Zakariya al-Qattan: Narrated to us Bakr bin Abdullah bin Habib: Narrated to us Fadl bin Saqr Abdi: Narrated to us Abu Muawiyah from Sulaiman bin Mehran Amash from As-Sadiq Ja’far bin Muhammad from his father Muhammad bin Ali from his father Ali bin Husain (as) that he said:   “We are the Imams of the Muslims, and the proofs of Allah on the whole universe. We are chieftains of the believers, and the brilliant-faced guides and we are having absolute authority on the believers. We are such a security for people on the earth, like the stars are for the dwellers of the heavens. And those for whose sake the Almighty Allah has restrained the heaven from falling into the earth and secured the earth from shaking up those who dwell upon it. The rain falls due to us and the blessings of the earth are distributed and are brought out of the earth. If none of us remains on the earth, it would swallow its dwellers, and the Almighty Allah has not left the earth without a Proof (Hujjat) since the time of the creation of Prophet Nuh (as), whether it is apparent and obvious or unseen and hidden. And the earth shall not be devoid of Proof till the Doomsday occurs. If there is no Proof of Allah, none would worship the Almighty. Someone asked: Then how would people derive benefit from an unseen and hidden proof? The Imam replied: “Just as they receive benefits from the sun that is hidden behind the clouds.”

Hadith 23

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مَرَّارٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ: كَانَ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِيهِمْ حُمْرَانُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ وَ مُؤْمِنُ الطَّاقِ وَ هِشَامُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ وَ الطَّيَّارُ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِيهِمْ هِشَامُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ وَ هُوَ شَابٌّ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام يَا هِشَامُ قَالَ لَبَّيْكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَ لَا تُخْبِرُنِي كَيْفَ صَنَعْتَ بِعَمْرِو بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ وَ كَيْفَ سَأَلْتَهُ قَالَ هِشَامٌ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أُجِلُّكَ وَ أَسْتَحْيِيكَ وَ لَا يَعْمَلُ لِسَانِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام إِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ فَافْعَلُوهُ قَالَ هِشَامٌ بَلَغَنِي مَا كَانَ فِيهِ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ وَ جُلُوسُهُ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَ عَظُمَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيَّ فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَ دَخَلْتُ الْبَصْرَةَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَأَتَيْتُ مَسْجِدَ الْبَصْرَةِ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِحَلْقَةٍ كَبِيرَةٍ وَ إِذَا أَنَا بِعَمْرِو بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَلَيْهِ شَمْلَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ مِنْ صُوفٍ مُؤْتَزِرٌ بِهَا وَ شَمْلَةٌ مُرْتَدٍ بِهَا وَ النَّاسُ يَسْأَلُونَهُ فَاسْتَفْرَجْتُ النَّاسَ فَأَفْرَجُوا لِي ثُمَّ قَعَدْتُ فِي آخِرِ الْقَوْمِ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيَّ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ أَيُّهَا الْعَالِمُ أَنَا رَجُلٌ غَرِيبٌ تَأْذَنُ لِي فَأَسْأَلَكَ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَكَ عَيْنٌ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ أَيُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ هَذَا مِنَ السُّؤَالِ إِذَا تَرَى شَيْئاً كَيْفَ تَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ فَقُلْتُ هَكَذَا مَسْأَلَتِي قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ سَلْ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَسْأَلَتُكَ حَمْقَاءَ قُلْتُ أَجِبْنِي فِيهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي سَلْ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ عَيْنٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَرَى بِهَا قَالَ الْأَلْوَانَ وَ الْأَشْخَاصَ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ أَنْفٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ أَشَمُّ بِهِ الرَّائِحَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ لِسَانٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ أَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ أُذُنٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهَا قَالَ أَسْمَعُ بِهَا الْأَصْوَاتَ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ فَلَكَ يَدَانِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِمَا قَالَ أَبْطِشُ بِهِمَا وَ أَعْرِفُ بِهِمَا اللَّيِّنَ مِنَ الْخَشِنِ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ رِجْلَانِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِمَا قَالَ أَنْتَقِلُ بِهِمَا مِنْ مَكَانٍ إِلَى مَكَانٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ فَمٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ أَعْرِفُ بِهِ الْمَطَاعِمَ عَلَى اخْتِلَافِهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ فَلَكَ قَلْبٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ أُمَيِّزُ بِهِ كُلَّمَا وَرَدَ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْجَوَارِحِ‌ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ فَلَيْسَ فِي هَذِهِ الْجَوَارِحِ غِنًى عَنِ الْقَلْبِ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ ذَلِكَ وَ هِيَ صَحِيحَةٌ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ الْجَوَارِحَ إِذَا شَكَّتْ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ شَمَّتْهُ أَوْ رَأَتْهُ أَوْ ذَاقَتْهُ رَدَّتْهُ إِلَى الْقَلْبِ فَلْيُقِرَّ بِهِ الْيَقِينَ وَ يُبْطِلُ الشَّكَّ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّمَا أَقَامَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْقَلْبَ لِشَكِّ الْجَوَارِحِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ لَا بُدَّ مِنَ الْقَلْبِ وَ إِلَّا لَمْ يَسْتَيْقِنِ الْجَوَارِحُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا مَرْوَانَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ جَوَارِحَكَ حَتَّى جَعَلَ لَهَا إِمَاماً يُصَحِّحُ لَهَا الصَّحِيحَ وَ يَنْفِي مَا شَكَّتْ فِيهِ وَ يَتْرُكُ هَذَا الْخَلْقَ كُلَّهُمْ فِي حَيْرَتِهِمْ وَ شَكِّهِمْ وَ اخْتِلَافِهِمْ لَا يُقِيمُ لَهُمْ إِمَاماً يَرُدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ شَكَّهُمْ وَ حَيْرَتَهُمْ وَ يُقِيمُ لَكَ إِمَاماً لِجَوَارِحِكَ يُرَدُّ إِلَيْكَ شَكُّكَ وَ حَيْرَتُكَ قَالَ فَسَكَتَ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ لِي شَيْئاً قَالَ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ‌ أَنْتَ هِشَامٌ فَقُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي أَ جَالَسْتَهُ فَقُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَمِنْ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ قُلْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ فَأَنْتَ إِذاً هُوَ قَالَ ثُمَّ ضَمَّنِي إِلَيْهِ فَأَقْعَدَنِي فِي مَجْلِسِهِ وَ مَا نَطَقَ حَتَّى قُمْتُ فَضَحِكَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا هِشَامُ مَنْ عَلَّمَكَ هَذَا قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ جَرَى عَلَى لِسَانِي قَالَ يَا هِشَامُ هَذَا وَ اللَّهِ مَكْتُوبٌ فِي‌ صُحُفِ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ مُوسى‌.

Narrated to us my father (ra): Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah: Narrated to us Ibrahim bin Hashim: Narrated to us Ismail bin Marrar: Narrated to me Yunus bin Abdur Rahman: Narrated to me Yunus bin Yaqoob that:   “A group of companions were gathered round Abu Abdillah (as); Humran ibn Ayan, Muhammad ibn an-Numan, Hisham ibn Salim and at-Tayyar were in that group. With them was Hisham ibn al-Hakam, who was young. Abu Abdillah (as) said to him: ‘O Hisham, will you not tell me how you debated with Amr ibn Ubayd? How did you question him? Hisham replied: ‘O son of the Messenger of Allah! I respect you too much, and hence I feel shy before you, and I find myself tongue-tied in your presence.’ Abu Abdillah (as) said: ‘Do as you are told.’ Hisham said: ‘I was informed of the situation of Amr ibn Ubayd, and that he was sitting in the mosque of Basrah (for teaching). This was distressing for me, so I set out to meet him and reached Basrah on Friday. When I arrived at the mosque of Basrah, I found a large circle surrounding Amr ibn Ubayd, who was wearing a black woolen cloth round his waist and another over his shoulders. People were asking him questions. I asked the people (who were standing) around him to make way for me, which they did, and I sat upon my knees in the back row of the students (who were sitting). Then I said: O learned scholar! I am a stranger. Will you allow me to ask a question? He replied: Yes. I said to him: Do you have eyes? He replied: O my son! What kind of a question is this? How can you question a thing which you see (clearly yourself)? I said: But this is my question. He said: O my son! Ask, even though your question may be foolish. I told him: Then answer my question. He said: Ask (it). I said: Do you have eyes? He said: Yes. I said: What do you do with them? He replied: I see with them. I asked: Do you have a nose? He replied: Yes. I said: What do you do with it? He replied: I smell odors with it. I asked: Do you have ears? He replied: Yes. I said: What do you do with them?   He replied: I hear sounds with them. I said: Do you have a heart (the seat of the soul and perception)? He replied: Yes. I said: What do you do with it? He replied: I discriminate with it whatever is presented to the parts of my body and (my) senses. I asked: Are you not, with these parts of your body, without need of your heart (soul)? He replied: No. I said: How can this be when they are quite sound and health? He replied: O my son! When the parts of the body doubt regarding anything which it smelt, tasted or heard, they refer it to the heart to remove the doubt and replace it with certainty. Hisham said: I said to him: Has Allah appointed the heart to remove the doubts of the body? He replied: Yes. I asked: The heart is necessary, otherwise the parts (of the body) cannot reach certainty. He replied: Yes. I said: O Abu Marwan! Allah, the Blessed, the Sublime, did not leave the parts of the body without appointing a guide (Imam) for them so that they might verify the truth and reach certainty about what is doubted. How could He leave all His creatures in confusion, doubt and difference of opinion without appointing anyone as their guide (Imam), to whom they might refer their doubts and confusions, when He has given the parts of your body a guide to whom you can refer your doubt and confusions? He was completely silent, and said nothing to me. After some time, he turned towards me and said: Are you Hisham ibn al-Hakam? I replied: No. He asked: Are you one of his companions? I replied: No. Then he said: Where do you come from? I replied: I am of the people of Kufa. He said: Then you are surely he. Then he embraced me and vacated his seat for me. And then he kept silent until I got up. The narrator said: Abu Abdillah (as) smiled and said: O Hisham! Who taught you this? Hisham replied: It is something which I learnt from you and put together (in the way). He said: By Allah, this is written in the books of Ibrahim and Musa.”

Commentary 1

قال مصنف هذا الكتاب رضي الله عنه و تصديق قولنا إن الإمام يحتاج إليه لبقاء العالم على صلاحه أنه ما عذب الله عز و جل أمة إلا و أمر نبيها بالخروج من بين أظهرهم كما قال الله عز و جل في قصة نوح ع‌ حَتَّى إِذا جاءَ أَمْرُنا وَ فارَ التَّنُّورُ قُلْنَا احْمِلْ فِيها مِنْ كُلٍّ زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ وَ أَهْلَكَ إِلَّا مَنْ سَبَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلُ‌ منهم و أمره الله جل و عز أن يعتزل عنهم مع أهل الإيمان به و لا يبقى مختلطا بهم و قال عز و جل‌ وَ لا تُخاطِبْنِي فِي الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا إِنَّهُمْ مُغْرَقُونَ‌ و كذلك قال عز و جل في قصة لوط ع‌ فَأَسْرِ بِأَهْلِكَ بِقِطْعٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ وَ لا يَلْتَفِتْ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا امْرَأَتَكَ إِنَّهُ مُصِيبُها ما أَصابَهُمْ‌ فأمره الله عز و جل بالخروج من بين أظهرهم قبل أن أنزل العذاب بهم لأنه لم يكن جل و عز لينزل عليهم و نبيه لوط عليه السلام بين أظهرهم و هكذا أمر الله عز و جل كل نبي أراد هلاك أمته أن يعتزلها كما قال إبراهيم عليه السلام مخوفا بذلك قومه‌ وَ أَعْتَزِلُكُمْ وَ ما تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَ أَدْعُوا رَبِّي عَسى‌ أَلَّا أَكُونَ بِدُعاءِ رَبِّي شَقِيًّا فَلَمَّا اعْتَزَلَهُمْ وَ ما يَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ‌ أهلك الله عز و جل الذين كانوا آذوه و عنتوه و ألقوه في الجحيم و جعلهم الأسفلين و نجاه و لوطا كما قال الله تعالى‌ وَ نَجَّيْناهُ وَ لُوطاً إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي بارَكْنا فِيها لِلْعالَمِينَ‌ و وهب الله جلت عظمته لإبراهيم إسحاق و يعقوب كما قال عز و جل‌ وَ وَهَبْنا لَهُ إِسْحاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ نافِلَةً وَ كُلًّا جَعَلْنا صالِحِينَ‌ و قال الله عز و جل لنبيه محمد ص‌ وَ ما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ أَنْتَ فِيهِمْ‌ وَ رُوِيَ فِي الْأَخْبَارِ الصَّحِيحَةِ عَنْ أَئِمَّتِنَا ع‌ أَنَّ مَنْ رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص أَوْ وَاحِداً مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ ص قَدْ دَخَلَ مَدِينَةً أَوْ قَرْيَةً فِي مَنَامِهِ فَإِنَّهُ أَمْنٌ لِأَهْلِ تِلْكَ الْمَدِينَةِ أَوِ الْقَرْيَةِ مِمَّا يَخَافُونَ وَ يَحْذَرُونَ وَ بُلُوغٌ لِمَا يَأْمُلُونَ وَ يَرْجُونَ . و في حديث هشام مع عمرو بن عبيد حجة في الانتفاع بالحجة الغائب عليه السلام و ذلك أن القلب غائب عن سائر الجوارح لا يرى بالعين و لا يشم بالأنف و لا يذاق بالفم و لا يلمس باليد و هو مدبر لهذه الجوارح مع غيبته عنها و بقاؤها على صلاحها و لو لم يكن القلب لانفسد تدبير الجوارح و لم تستقم أمورها فاحتيج إلى القلب لبقاء الجوارح على صلاحها كما احتيج إلى الإمام لبقاء العالم على صلاحه و لا قوة إلا بالله. و كما يعلم مكان القلب من الجسد بالخبر فكذلك يعلم مكان الحجة الغائب عليه السلام بالخبر و هو ما ورد عن الأئمة عليه السلام من الأخبار في كونه بمكة و خروجه منها في وقت ظهوره و لسنا نعني بالقلب المضغة التي من اللحم لأن بها لا يقع الانتفاع للجوارح و إنما نعني بالقلب اللطيفة التي جعلها الله عز و جل في هذه المضغة لا تدرك بالبصر و إن كشف عن تلك المضغة و لا تلمس و لا تذاق و لا توجد إلا بالعلم بها لحصول التمييز و استقامة التدبير من الجوارح و الحجة بتلك اللطيفة على الجوارح قائمة ما وجدت و التكليف لها لازم ما بقيت فإذا عدمت تلك اللطيفة انفسد تدبير الجوارح و سقط التكليف عنها فكما يجوز أن يحتج الله عز و جل بهذه اللطيفة الغائبة عن الحواس على الجوارح فكذلك جائز أن يحتج عز و جل على جميع الخلق بحجة غائب عنهم به يدفع عنهم و به يرزقهم و به ينزل عليهم الغيث و لا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ‌

The author of this book says that what proves our contention that the system of nature depends on the existence of the Imam is that Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, does not send chastisement upon a community until the prophet departs from it. As Allah says regarding Prophet Nuh (as): “Until when Our command came and water came forth from the valley, We said: Carry in it two of all things, a pair, and your own family—except those against whom the word has already gone forth” (11:40). Thus, Allah commanded Prophet Nuh (as) to take the believers with him and separate from the community, not mingling with them. Allah also said: “And do not speak to Me in respect of those who are unjust; surely they shall be drowned” (11:37). Similarly, in the case of Prophet Lut (as), Allah said: “So remove your followers in a part of the night—and let none of you turn back—except your wife, for surely whatsoever befalls them shall befall her” (11:81). Hence, Allah commanded Prophet Lut (as) to leave before sending down wrath, because while he remained among them, divine chastisement could not descend. Likewise, whenever Allah decides to punish a community, He first orders the prophet among them to depart. Prophet Ibrahim (as), fearing divine wrath, withdrew saying: “And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah, and I will call upon my Lord; maybe I shall not remain unblessed in calling upon my Lord. So when he withdrew from them and what they worshipped besides Allah” (19:48-49), Allah destroyed those who harassed Ibrahim and cast them into Hell. Allah also saved Prophet Lut (as) as He said: “And We delivered him as well as Lut (removing them) to the land which We had blessed for all people” (21:71). Allah blessed Ibrahim (as) with Ishaq and Yaqoob, saying: “And We gave him Ishaq and Yaqoob, a son’s son, and We made (them) all good” (21:72). Regarding the Holy Prophet (sw), Allah says: “But Allah was not going to chastise them while you were among them” (8:33). It is mentioned in authentic narrations from our Holy Imams (as) that even seeing the Messenger of Allah (sw) or one of the Imams (as) entering a village in a dream suffices to secure that village from feared harm. The argument presented by Hisham to Amr bin Ubaid also proves the occultation: just as the heart is concealed from the other organs—unseen by eyes, untouchable by hands, and untasted by the tongue—yet it controls all the organs and ensures their proper function. Without the heart, the body’s organs cannot operate properly and chaos ensues. Likewise, the world depends on the Imam for its survival and proper function. Traditions tell us of the heart’s position in the body and similarly inform us of the hidden Proof, whose advent will be from Mecca. Here, the heart is not merely a lump of flesh but denotes a subtle essence placed by Allah within it. This subtle heart is imperceptible by vision and untouchable by hands, yet through it, one discerns right from wrong and controls the body’s physical organs. The absence of this vital organ causes the entire body’s system to collapse. Likewise, the hidden Imam or Divine Proof in occultation sufficiently guides and governs creation. Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, has made creatures dependent on the Imam—though in occultation—through whom calamities are averted, sustenance is provided, and rain descends. There is no strength except by Allah.