حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مَرَّارٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ: كَانَ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِيهِمْ حُمْرَانُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ وَ مُؤْمِنُ الطَّاقِ وَ هِشَامُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ وَ الطَّيَّارُ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِيهِمْ هِشَامُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ وَ هُوَ شَابٌّ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام يَا هِشَامُ قَالَ لَبَّيْكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَ لَا تُخْبِرُنِي كَيْفَ صَنَعْتَ بِعَمْرِو بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ وَ كَيْفَ سَأَلْتَهُ قَالَ هِشَامٌ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أُجِلُّكَ وَ أَسْتَحْيِيكَ وَ لَا يَعْمَلُ لِسَانِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام إِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ فَافْعَلُوهُ قَالَ هِشَامٌ بَلَغَنِي مَا كَانَ فِيهِ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ وَ جُلُوسُهُ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَ عَظُمَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيَّ فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَ دَخَلْتُ الْبَصْرَةَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَأَتَيْتُ مَسْجِدَ الْبَصْرَةِ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِحَلْقَةٍ كَبِيرَةٍ وَ إِذَا أَنَا بِعَمْرِو بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَلَيْهِ شَمْلَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ مِنْ صُوفٍ مُؤْتَزِرٌ بِهَا وَ شَمْلَةٌ مُرْتَدٍ بِهَا وَ النَّاسُ يَسْأَلُونَهُ فَاسْتَفْرَجْتُ النَّاسَ فَأَفْرَجُوا لِي ثُمَّ قَعَدْتُ فِي آخِرِ الْقَوْمِ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيَّ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ أَيُّهَا الْعَالِمُ أَنَا رَجُلٌ غَرِيبٌ تَأْذَنُ لِي فَأَسْأَلَكَ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَكَ عَيْنٌ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ هَذَا مِنَ السُّؤَالِ إِذَا تَرَى شَيْئاً كَيْفَ تَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ فَقُلْتُ هَكَذَا مَسْأَلَتِي قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ سَلْ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَسْأَلَتُكَ حَمْقَاءَ قُلْتُ أَجِبْنِي فِيهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي سَلْ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ عَيْنٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَرَى بِهَا قَالَ الْأَلْوَانَ وَ الْأَشْخَاصَ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ أَنْفٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ أَشَمُّ بِهِ الرَّائِحَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ لِسَانٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ أَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ أُذُنٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهَا قَالَ أَسْمَعُ بِهَا الْأَصْوَاتَ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ فَلَكَ يَدَانِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِمَا قَالَ أَبْطِشُ بِهِمَا وَ أَعْرِفُ بِهِمَا اللَّيِّنَ مِنَ الْخَشِنِ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ رِجْلَانِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِمَا قَالَ أَنْتَقِلُ بِهِمَا مِنْ مَكَانٍ إِلَى مَكَانٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ لَكَ فَمٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ أَعْرِفُ بِهِ الْمَطَاعِمَ عَلَى اخْتِلَافِهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ فَلَكَ قَلْبٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ أُمَيِّزُ بِهِ كُلَّمَا وَرَدَ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْجَوَارِحِ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَ فَلَيْسَ فِي هَذِهِ الْجَوَارِحِ غِنًى عَنِ الْقَلْبِ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ ذَلِكَ وَ هِيَ صَحِيحَةٌ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ الْجَوَارِحَ إِذَا شَكَّتْ فِي شَيْءٍ شَمَّتْهُ أَوْ رَأَتْهُ أَوْ ذَاقَتْهُ رَدَّتْهُ إِلَى الْقَلْبِ فَلْيُقِرَّ بِهِ الْيَقِينَ وَ يُبْطِلُ الشَّكَّ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّمَا أَقَامَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْقَلْبَ لِشَكِّ الْجَوَارِحِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ لَا بُدَّ مِنَ الْقَلْبِ وَ إِلَّا لَمْ يَسْتَيْقِنِ الْجَوَارِحُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا مَرْوَانَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ جَوَارِحَكَ حَتَّى جَعَلَ لَهَا إِمَاماً يُصَحِّحُ لَهَا الصَّحِيحَ وَ يَنْفِي مَا شَكَّتْ فِيهِ وَ يَتْرُكُ هَذَا الْخَلْقَ كُلَّهُمْ فِي حَيْرَتِهِمْ وَ شَكِّهِمْ وَ اخْتِلَافِهِمْ لَا يُقِيمُ لَهُمْ إِمَاماً يَرُدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ شَكَّهُمْ وَ حَيْرَتَهُمْ وَ يُقِيمُ لَكَ إِمَاماً لِجَوَارِحِكَ يُرَدُّ إِلَيْكَ شَكُّكَ وَ حَيْرَتُكَ قَالَ فَسَكَتَ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ لِي شَيْئاً قَالَ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ هِشَامٌ فَقُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي أَ جَالَسْتَهُ فَقُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَمِنْ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ قُلْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ فَأَنْتَ إِذاً هُوَ قَالَ ثُمَّ ضَمَّنِي إِلَيْهِ فَأَقْعَدَنِي فِي مَجْلِسِهِ وَ مَا نَطَقَ حَتَّى قُمْتُ فَضَحِكَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا هِشَامُ مَنْ عَلَّمَكَ هَذَا قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ جَرَى عَلَى لِسَانِي قَالَ يَا هِشَامُ هَذَا وَ اللَّهِ مَكْتُوبٌ فِي صُحُفِ إِبْراهِيمَ وَ مُوسى.
Narrated to us my father 
: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah: Narrated to us Ibrahim bin Hashim: Narrated to us Ismail bin Marrar: Narrated to me Yunus bin Abdur Rahman: Narrated to me Yunus bin Yaqoob that:
“A group of companions were gathered round Abu Abdillah 
; Humran ibn Ayan, Muhammad ibn an-Numan, Hisham ibn Salim and at-Tayyar were in that group. With them was Hisham ibn al-Hakam, who was young. Abu Abdillah said to him: ‘O Hisham, will you not tell me how you debated with Amr ibn Ubayd? How did you question him? Hisham replied: ‘O son of the Messenger of Allah! I respect you too much, and hence I feel shy before you, and I find myself tongue-tied in your presence.’ Abu Abdillah said: ‘Do as you are told.’
Hisham said: ‘I was informed of the situation of Amr ibn Ubayd, and that he was sitting in the mosque of Basrah (for teaching). This was distressing for me, so I set out to meet him and reached Basrah on Friday. When I arrived at the mosque of Basrah, I found a large circle surrounding Amr ibn Ubayd, who was wearing a black woolen cloth round his waist and another over his shoulders. People were asking him questions. I asked the people (who were standing) around him to make way for me, which they did, and I sat upon my knees in the back row of the students (who were sitting).
Then I said: O learned scholar! I am a stranger. Will you allow me to ask a question? He replied: Yes. I said to him: Do you have eyes? He replied: O my son! What kind of a question is this? How can you question a thing which you see (clearly yourself)? I said: But this is my question. He said: O my son! Ask, even though your question may be foolish. I told him: Then answer my question. He said: Ask (it). I said: Do you have eyes? He said: Yes. I said: What do you do with them? He replied: I see with them. I asked: Do you have a nose? He replied: Yes. I said: What do you do with it? He replied: I smell odors with it. I asked: Do you have ears? He replied: Yes. I said: What do you do with them?
He replied: I hear sounds with them. I said: Do you have a heart (the seat of the soul and perception)? He replied: Yes. I said: What do you do with it? He replied: I discriminate with it whatever is presented to the parts of my body and (my) senses. I asked: Are you not, with these parts of your body, without need of your heart (soul)? He replied: No. I said: How can this be when they are quite sound and health? He replied: O my son! When the parts of the body doubt regarding anything which it smelt, tasted or heard, they refer it to the heart to remove the doubt and replace it with certainty.
Hisham said: I said to him: Has Allah appointed the heart to remove the doubts of the body? He replied: Yes. I asked: The heart is necessary, otherwise the parts (of the body) cannot reach certainty. He replied: Yes. I said: O Abu Marwan! Allah, the Blessed, the Sublime, did not leave the parts of the body without appointing a guide (Imam) for them so that they might verify the truth and reach certainty about what is doubted. How could He leave all His creatures in confusion, doubt and difference of opinion without appointing anyone as their guide (Imam), to whom they might refer their doubts and confusions, when He has given the parts of your body a guide to whom you can refer your doubt and confusions?
He was completely silent, and said nothing to me. After some time, he turned towards me and said: Are you Hisham ibn al-Hakam? I replied: No. He asked: Are you one of his companions? I replied: No. Then he said: Where do you come from? I replied: I am of the people of Kufa. He said: Then you are surely he. Then he embraced me and vacated his seat for me. And then he kept silent until I got up. The narrator said: Abu Abdillah smiled and said: O Hisham! Who taught you this? Hisham replied: It is something which I learnt from you and put together (in the way). He said: By Allah, this is written in the books of Ibrahim and Musa.”
