Second Objection: That jaʿfar B. Muhammad Designated isma'il

Kamāl al-Dīn wa Tamām al-Niʿma|Volume 1|Book 1|Chapter 16

Kamāl al-Dīn wa Tamām al-Niʿma

Book 1, Chapter 16

Second Objection: That jaʿfar B. Muhammad Designated isma'il
4 Ahadith · 1 Commentary
Commentary 1

اعتراض آخر للزيدية قالت الزيدية و مما تكذب به دعوى الإمامية إنهم زعموا أن جعفر بن محمد عليه السلام نص لهم على إسماعيل و أشار إليه في حياته ثم إن إسماعيل مات في حياته‌ فَقَالَ: مَا بَدَا لِلَّهِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ كَمَا بَدَا لَهُ فِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ ابْنِي .. فإن كان الخبر الاثنا عشر صحيحا فكان لا أقل من أن يعرفه جعفر بن محمد عليه السلام و يعرف خواص شيعته لئلا يغلط هو و هم هذا الغلط العظيم. فقلنا لهم بم قلتم إن جعفر بن محمد عليه السلام نص على إسماعيل بالإمامة و ما ذلك الخبر و من رواه و من تلقاه بالقبول فلم يجدوا إلى ذلك سبيلا و إنما هذه حكاية ولدها قوم قالوا بإمامة إسماعيل ليس لها أصل لأن الخبر بذكر الأئمة الاثني عشر عليه السلام قد رواه الخاص و العام عن النبي ص و الأئمة عليه السلام و قد أخرجت ما روي عنهم في ذلك في هذا الكتاب فأما قَوْلُهُ مَا بَدَا لِلَّهِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ كَمَا بَدَا لَهُ فِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ ابْنِي .. فإنه يقول ما ظهر لله أمر كما ظهر له في إسماعيل ابني إذ اخترمه في حياتي‌ ليعلم بذلك أنه ليس بإمام بعدي و عندنا من زعم أن الله عز و جل يبدو له اليوم في شي‌ء لم يعلمه أمس فهو كافر و البراءة منه واجبة كما روي عن الصادق ع‌

And among the arguments that falsify the Zaidiyyah claim is that they are under the impression that Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as) issued Nass in favor of Ismail and when he (Ismail) was alive, indicated that he is Imam. Later on Ismail passed away during the lifetime of his father. So they said: The Almighty Allah did not effect change (Bada) in anything like He did regarding my son, Ismail. So if the tradition of twelve Imams had been correct, at least Ja’far bin Muhammad must have been aware of it, and he would have told his selected followers so that neither they nor other people commit such a blunder. In reply we asked them: On what basis do you say that Ja’far bin Muhammad had issued Nass on the Imamate of Ismail? What type of a report is it, who has narrated it and who has accepted it? They had no replies to offer. It was only a story concocted by those who believe in the Imamate of Ismail. It has no basis, because the traditions regarding the Twelve Imams are narrated by the Shias as well as the Sunnis from the Imams and the Prophet. Whatever has been recorded from them on this is mentioned in this book. As for his statement that: ‘The Almighty Allah did not effect change (Bada) in anything like He did regarding my son, Ismail.’ What the Imam means to say is that: ‘No divine matter became known to me as was in the case of my son, Ismail; that he died during my lifetime so that it is known that he is not an Imam after me. And on the basis of our belief, if one believes that today Allah, the Mighty and Sublime comes to know something He was unaware of the day before, such a person will be a disbeliever and it would be obligatory to keep aloof from such a person as is narrated from Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as).

Hadith 1

حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّازِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ اللُّؤْلُؤِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ عليه السلام قَالَ: مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْدُو لَهُ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ الْيَوْمَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْهُ أَمْسِ فَابْرَءُوا مِنْهُ . و إنما البداء الذي ينسب إلى الإمامية القول به هو ظهور أمره يقول العرب بدا لي شخص أي ظهر لي لا بداء ندامة تعالى الله عن ذلك علوا كبيرا. و كيف ينص الصادق عليه السلام على إسماعيل بالإمامة مع قَوْلِهِ فِيهِ‌ إِنَّهُ عَاصٍ لَا يُشْبِهُنِي وَ لَا يُشْبِهُ أَحَداً مِنْ آبَائِي

Narrated to us my father, from Muhammad bin Yahya al-Attar from Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Yahya bin Imran Ashari that he said: narrated to us Abu Abdillah ar-Razi from Hasan bin al-Husain Lulu from Muhammad bin Sinan from Ammar from Abi Baseer and Sama-a from Abu Abdillah, Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as) that he said: “It is obligatory to declare immunity from one who thinks that something may be exposed to Allah today which He was ignorant about yesterday.” [Al-Saduq says:] The Bada in which the Imamiyah sect believes is that Allah’s affair which was concealed from us is now revealed. The Arabs say: ‘Badaa li Shakhsun’, meaning: A person became visible to me. Or ‘Laa Badaa Nidamah’, meaning: He showed no remorse. Whereas the Almighty Allah is much above this. And how is it possible that Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as) should announce Ismail’s Imamate when the Imam himself used to say that: “He (Ismail) is sinful, neither he resembles me nor any of my purified forefathers.” [See next hadith for reference]

Hadith 2

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَقَالَ عَاصٍ لَا يُشْبِهُنِي وَ لَا يُشْبِهُ أَحَداً مِنْ آبَائِي.

Narrated to us Muhammad bin Musa bin al-Mutawakkil that he said: narrated to us Muhammad bin Yahya al-Attar from Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Yahya bin Imran Ashari from Yaqoob bin Yazid from Muhammad bin Abi Umair from Hasan bin Rashid that he said: I inquired from Aba Abdillah, Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as) regarding Ismail. He said: “He is sinful, neither he resembles me nor any of my purified forefathers.”

Hadith 3

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ وَ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: ذَكَرْتُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ لَا يُشْبِهُنِي وَ لَا يُشْبِهُ أَحَداً مِنْ آبَائِي.

Narrated to us Hasan bin Ahmad bin Idrees that: narrated to us my father narrating from Muhammad bin Ahmad from Yaqoob bin Yazid and Barqi from Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Abi Nasr from Hammad from Ubaid bin Zurarah that he said: I mentioned Ismail in the presence of Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as). He said: “By Allah, neither he resembles me nor any of my purified forefathers.”

Hadith 4

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ قَالَ: جَاءَنِي رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لِي تَعَالَ حَتَّى أُرِيَكَ ابْنَ الرَّجُلِ قَالَ فَذَهَبْتُ مَعَهُ قَالَ فَجَاءَ بِي إِلَى قَوْمٍ يَشْرَبُونَ فِيهِمْ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ فَخَرَجْتُ مَغْمُوماً فَجِئْتُ إِلَى الْحَجَرِ فَإِذَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِالْبَيْتِ يَبْكِي قَدْ بَلَّ أَسْتَارَ الْكَعْبَةِ بِدُمُوعِهِ قَالَ فَخَرَجْتُ أَشْتَدُّ فَإِذَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ جَالِسٌ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ فَرَجَعْتُ فَإِذَا هُوَ آخِذٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ قَدْ بَلَّهَا بِدُمُوعِهِ قَالَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام فَقَالَ لَقَدِ ابْتُلِيَ ابْنِي بِشَيْطَانٍ يَتَمَثَّلُ فِي صُورَتِهِ. وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ‌ أَنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لَا يَتَمَثَّلُ فِي صُورَةِ نَبِيٍّ وَ لَا فِي صُورَةِ وَصِيِّ نَبِيٍّ .. فكيف يجوز أن ينص عليه بالإمامة مع صحة هذا القول منه فيه.

Narrated to us Muhammad bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin al-Walid that: Narrated to us Saad bin Abdullah narrating from Muhammad bin Abdul Jabbar from ibn Abi Najran from Husain bin Mukhtar from Walid bin Sabih that he said: A man came to me and said: Come with me, so that I may show you the son of the man (Imam). He says: I went along with him and we came to a group of people who were drinking wine and Ismail bin Ja’far was also among them. He says: I came out shocked and went to Hajar al-Aswad. In the meantime I saw Ismail bin Ja’far clinging to the Holy Kaaba and the covering of the Kaaba was wet with his tears. He says: When I came out of there I saw Ismail in that same group which was drinking wine. Again I returned to Kaaba and saw Ismail clinging to the Kaaba covering and the curtain was wet with his tears. He says that when he related this incident to Abu Abdillah Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as) he said: Indeed such a satan has come upon my son who assumed his form. [Al-Saduq asys:] It is narrated that the Satan can in no case assume the form of a prophet or a successor of a prophet. Then how is it possible that the Imam should have indicated Ismail to be an Imam while having issued such a right statement about him?