Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3991 - رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ اَلْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "دِرْهَمٌ رِبًا أَشَدُّ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ ثَلاَثِينَ زَنْيَةً كُلُّهَا بِذَاتِ مَحْرَمٍ مِثْلِ اَلْخَالَةِ وَ اَلْعَمَّةِ".

Hadith.3991 - Al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar narrated from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "One dirham of usury is more severe in the sight of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, than thirty acts of fornication, all of which are committed with forbidden relatives, such as a maternal aunt or a paternal aunt."

3992 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "دِرْهَمٌ رِبًا أَشَدُّ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ زَنْيَةً كُلِّهَا بِذَاتِ مَحْرَمٍ ".

Hadith.3992 - In a narration from Hisham ibn Salim, from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "One dirham of usury is more severe in the sight of Allah (swt) than seventy acts of fornication, all of which are committed with forbidden relatives."

3993 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "آكِلُ اَلرِّبَا وَ مُؤْكِلُهُ وَ كَاتِبُهُ وَ شَاهِدَاهُ فِي اَلْوِزْرِ سَوَاءٌ".

Hadith.3993 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "The one who consumes usury, the one who gives it, its recorder, and its two witnesses are equal in sin."

3994 - وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلرِّبَا وَ آكِلَهُ وَ مُؤْكِلَهُ وَ بَائِعَهُ وَ مُشْتَرِيَهُ وَ كَاتِبَهُ وَ شَاهِدَيْهِ".

Hadith.3994 - Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) cursed usury, its consumer, its giver, its seller, its buyer, its recorder, and its two witnesses."

3995 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ مٰا آتَيْتُمْ مِنْ رِباً لِيَرْبُوَا فِي أَمْوٰالِ اَلنّٰاسِ فَلاٰ يَرْبُوا عِنْدَ اَللّٰهِ ۝ قَالَ "هُوَ هَدِيَّتُكَ إِلَى اَلرَّجُلِ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ اَلثَّوَابَ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهَا فَذَلِكَ رِبًا يُؤْكَلُ".

Hadith.3995 - Ibrahim ibn Umar narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "And whatever you give as usury so that it may increase in the wealth of people, it does not increase with Allah (swt)" (Surah Ar-Rum 30:39) Imam (as) said: "It is your gift to a man through which you seek a better return than it, and that is consumed as usury."

3996 - وَ رَوَى عُبَيْدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لاَ يَكُونُ اَلرِّبَا إِلاَّ فِيمَا يُكَالُ أَوْ يُوزَنُ ".

Hadith.3996 - Ubayd ibn Zurarah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: "Usury only applies to what is measured or weighed."

3997 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "كُلُّ رِبًا أَكَلَهُ اَلنَّاسُ بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ تَابُوا فَإِنَّهُ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ إِذَا عُرِفَتْ مِنْهُمُ اَلتَّوْبَةُ " وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً وَرِثَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ مَالاً وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلْمَالِ رِبًا وَ لَكِنْ قَدِ اِخْتَلَطَ فِي اَلتِّجَارَةِ بِغَيْرِهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ حَلاَلٌ طَيِّبٌ فَلْيَأْكُلْهُ وَ إِنْ عَرَفَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً مَعْزُولاً أَنَّهُ رِبًا فَلْيَأْخُذْ رَأْسَ مَالِهِ وَ لْيَرُدَّ اَلرِّبَا ".

Hadith.3997 - Imam (as) said: "Any usury that people consumed out of ignorance, and then they repented, it will be accepted from them once their repentance is recognized." And Imam (as) said: "If a man inherits wealth from his father and knows that there is usury in that wealth, but it has been mixed with other lawful trade, then it is permissible and pure for him to consume it. However, if he identifies a specific portion as usury, he should take his principal amount and return the usury."

3998 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَدَارَ مَالاً كَثِيراً قَدْ أَكْثَرَ فِيهِ مِنَ اَلرِّبَا فَجَهِلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ عَرَفَهُ بَعْدُ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْزِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ فَمَا مَضَى فَلَهُ وَ يَدَعُهُ فِيمَا يَسْتَأْنِفُ ".

Hadith.3998 - Imam (as) said: "If any man manages a large amount of wealth and has excessively engaged in usury unknowingly, then later becomes aware of it and wishes to remove it, what has already passed is permissible for him, but he must refrain from it in the future."

3999 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَتَى رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي وَرِثْتُ مَالاً وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُ اَلَّذِي وَرِثْتُهُ مِنْهُ قَدْ كَانَ يُرْبِي وَ قَدْ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّ فِيهِ رِبًا وَ أَسْتَيْقِنُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَيْسَ يَطِيبُ لِي حَلاَلُهُ لِحَالِ عِلْمِي فِيهِ وَ قَدْ سَأَلْتُ فُقَهَاءَ أَهْلِ اَلْعِرَاقِ وَ أَهْلِ اَلْحِجَازِ فَقَالُوا لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَكْلُهُ مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا فِيهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِيهِ مَالاً مَعْرُوفاً رِبًا وَ تَعْرِفُ أَهْلَهُ فَخُذْ رَأْسَ مَالِكَ وَ رُدَّ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُخْتَلِطاً فَكُلْهُ هَنِيئاً مَرِيئاً فَإِنَّ اَلْمَالَ مَالُكَ وَ اِجْتَنِبْ مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ صَاحِبُهُ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَدْ وَضَعَ مَا مَضَى مِنَ اَلرِّبَا وَ حَرَّمَ مَا بَقِيَ فَمَنْ جَهِلَهُ وَسِعَهُ جَهْلُهُ حَتَّى يَعْرِفَهُ فَإِذَا عَرَفَ تَحْرِيمَهُ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ وَ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ اَلْعُقُوبَةُ إِذَا رَكِبَهُ كَمَا يَجِبُ عَلَى مَنْ يَأْكُلُ اَلرِّبَا" ".

Hadith.3999 - Imam (as) said: "A man came to Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) and said: "I have inherited wealth, and I know that the one from whom I inherited it used to engage in usury. I am certain that there is usury in it, and this knowledge makes even the lawful portion unpleasant for me. I have asked the jurists of Iraq and Hijaz, and they said it is not permissible for me to consume it because of what it contains." Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said to him: "If you know that there is a specific portion of it that is usury and you know its rightful owners, then take your principal amount and return what is beyond that. But if it is mixed, then consume it with ease and satisfaction, for the wealth is yours. Avoid what its previous owner used to do. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) forgave what has passed of usury and prohibited what remains. So whoever was ignorant of it, his ignorance is excused until he becomes aware of it. Once he knows it is prohibited, it becomes forbidden for him, and punishment becomes obligatory upon him if he engages in it, just as it is obligatory upon one who consumes usury."

4000 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ حَرْبِنَا رِبًا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ وَ لاَ نُعْطِيهِمْ".

Hadith.4000 - The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "There is no usury between us and the people with whom we are at war; we take from them, but we do not give to them."

4001 - وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَيْسَ بَيْنَ اَلرَّجُلِ وَ بَيْنَ وَلَدِهِ رِبًا وَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ اَلسَّيِّدِ وَ بَيْنَ عَبْدِهِ رِبًا ".

Hadith.4001 - Imam (as) said: "There is no usury between a man and his child, and there is no usury between a master and his servant."

4002 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَيْسَ بَيْنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِ وَ بَيْنَ اَلذِّمِّيِّ رِبًا وَ لاَ بَيْنَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ وَ بَيْنَ زَوْجِهَا رِبًا.

Hadith.4002 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "There is no usury between a Muslim and a Dhimmi, nor between a woman and her husband."

4003 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بَيَّاعِ اَلسَّابِرِيِّ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ اَلرِّبْحَ عَلَى اَلْمُضْطَرِّ حَرَامٌ وَ هُوَ مِنَ اَلرِّبَا فَقَالَ "وَ هَلْ رَأَيْتَ أَحَداً اِشْتَرَى غَنِيّاً أَوْ فَقِيراً إِلاَّ مِنْ ضَرُورَةٍ يَا عُمَرُ قَدْ "أَحَلَّ اَللّٰهُ اَلْبَيْعَ وَ حَرَّمَ اَلرِّبٰا" فَارْبَحْ وَ لاَ تُرْبِهِ " قُلْتُ وَ مَا اَلرِّبَا قَالَ "دَرَاهِمُ بِدَرَاهِمَ مِثْلاَنِ بِمِثْلٍ".

Hadith.4003 - It is narrated from Umar ibn Yazid, the seller of Sabiri, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "May I be your ransom! People claim that making a profit from someone in distress is forbidden and is considered usury." Imam (as) said: "Have you ever seen anyone, whether rich or poor, buy something except out of necessity, O Umar? Indeed, 'Allah (swt) has permitted trade and forbidden usury.' So make a profit, but do not commit usury." I said: "What is usury?" Imam (as) said: "It is exchanging dirhams for dirhams of equal amount."

4004 - وَ رَوَى غِيَاثُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَرِهَ بَيْعَ اَللَّحْمِ بِالْحَيَوَانِ".

Hadith.4004 - Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) disliked the sale of meat in exchange for live animals.

4005 - وَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ اَلصَّادِقَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:۝ يَمْحَقُ اَللّٰهُ اَلرِّبٰا وَ يُرْبِي اَلصَّدَقٰاتِ۝ وَ قَدْ أَرَى مَنْ يَأْكُلُ اَلرِّبَا يَرْبُو مَالُهُ فَقَالَ "فَأَيُّ مَحْقٍ أَمْحَقُ مِنْ دِرْهَمٍ رِبًا يَمْحَقُ اَلدِّينَ فَإِنْ تَابَ مِنْهُ ذَهَبَ مَالُهُ وَ اِفْتَقَرَ".

Hadith.4005 - A man asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic: "Allah (swt) destroys usury and gives increase for charities." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:276). He asked: "Yet I see those who consume usury, and their wealth increases." Imam (as) replied: "Is there any destruction greater than a dirham of usury that destroys one's religion? If he repents from it, his wealth will vanish, and he will become poor."

4006 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ وَ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ مُخْتَلِفٍ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ أَوْ شَيْءٍ مِنَ اَلْأَشْيَاءِ يَتَفَاضَلُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِبَيْعِهِ مِثْلَيْنِ بِمِثْلٍ يَداً بِيَدٍ فَأَمَّا نَظِرَةً فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَصْلُحُ ".

Hadith.4006 - Aban narrated from Muhammad ibn Ali al-Halabi and Hammad ibn Uthman, from Ubaydullah ibn Ali al-Halabi, who said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say: "There is no harm in selling different types of food, goods, or items that vary in value, two for one, if it is done hand-to-hand. However, if it is done on credit, then it is not permissible."

4007 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلْبَعِيرُ بِالْبَعِيرَيْنِ وَ اَلدَّابَّةُ بِالدَّابَّتَيْنِ يَداً بِيَدٍ لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ" وَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِالثَّوْبِ بِالثَّوْبَيْنِ يَداً بِيَدٍ وَ نَسِيئَةً إِذَا وَصَفْتَهُمَا ".

Hadith.4007 - Jamil ibn Darraj narrated from Zurarah, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "There is no harm in exchanging a camel for two camels or an animal for two animals, as long as it is done hand-to-hand." And Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in exchanging one garment for two garments, whether hand-to-hand or on credit, if you describe them."

4008 - وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ بَيْعِ اَلْحَيَوَانِ اِثْنَيْنِ بِوَاحِدٍ - فَقَالَ "إِذَا سَمَّيْتَ اَلسِّنَّ فَلاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4008 - Sama'ah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about selling two animals for one. Imam (as) said: "If you specify their age, then there is no harm."

4009 - وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْعَبْدِ بِالْعَبْدَيْنِ وَ اَلْعَبْدِ بِالْعَبْدِ وَ اَلدَّرَاهِمِ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِالْحَيَوَانِ كُلِّهَا يَداً بِيَدٍ".

Hadith.4009 - Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about exchanging one slave for two slaves, or one slave for another slave along with dirhams. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in exchanging all types of animals hand-to-hand."

4010 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ : عَنِ اَلْبَعِيرِ بِالْبَعِيرَيْنِ يَداً بِيَدٍ وَ نَسِيئَةً فَقَالَ "نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا سُمِّيَتِ اَلْأَسْنَانُ جَذَعَانَ أَوْ ثَنِيَّانَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَنِي فَخَطَطْتُ عَلَى اَلنَّسِيئَةِ لِأَنَّ اَلنَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ لاَ وَ إِنَّمَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لِلتَّقِيَّةِ".

Hadith.4010 - Sa'id ibn Yasar asked him about exchanging one camel for two camels, whether hand-to-hand or on credit. Imam (as) said: "Yes, there is no harm if their ages are specified, whether they are young or mature." Then Imam (as) instructed me to strike out the mention of credit because people say it is not allowed, and Imam (as) only did that as a precaution (taqiyyah).

4011 - وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "أَنَّ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَسَا اَلنَّاسَ بِالْعِرَاقِ فَكَانَ فِي اَلْكِسْوَةِ حُلَّةٌ جَيِّدَةٌ فَسَأَلَهُ إِيَّاهَا اَلْحُسَيْنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَبَى فَقَالَ اَلْحُسَيْنُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَنَا أُعْطِيكَ مَكَانَهَا حُلَّتَيْنِ" فَأَبَى فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُعْطِيهِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ خَمْساً فَأَخَذَهَا مِنْهُ ثُمَّ أَعْطَاهُ اَلْحُلَّةَ وَ جَعَلَ اَلْحُلَلَ فِي حَجْرِهِ فَقَالَ "لآَخُذَنَّ خَمْسَةً بِوَاحِدَةٍ" ".

Hadith.4011 - Aban narrated from Salamah, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that: Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) distributed clothing among the people in Iraq, and among the garments was a fine robe. Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as) asked him for it, but Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) refused. Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as) then said: "I will give you two robes in exchange for it." Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) refused. Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as) continued offering until he reached five robes. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) then took the robes from him, gave him the fine robe, and placed the robes in his lap, saying: "I will take five in exchange for one."

4012 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلدَّقِيقُ بِالْحِنْطَةِ وَ اَلسَّوِيقُ بِالدَّقِيقِ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ ".

Hadith.4012 - Jamil narrated from Zurarah, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "Flour in exchange for wheat, and parched flour in exchange for regular flour, if it is equal in measure, there is no harm in it."

4013 - وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "اَلْحِنْطَةُ وَ اَلشَّعِيرُ رَأْسٌ بِرَأْسٍ لاَ يُزَادُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا عَلَى اَلْآخَرِ".

Hadith.4013 - Abu Basir narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "Wheat and barley should be exchanged one for one, and neither of them should exceed the other."

4014 - وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ : عَنِ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلتَّمْرِ وَ اَلزَّبِيبِ فَقَالَ "لاَ يَصْلُحُ شَيْءٌ مِنْهُ اِثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَصْرِفَهُ مِنْ نَوْعٍ إِلَى نَوْعٍ آخَرَ فَإِذَا صَرَفْتَهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ اِثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ وَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ".

Hadith.4014 - Sama'ah asked him about food, dates, and raisins. Imam (as) said: "It is not permissible to exchange two for one of any of these, except if you change it from one type to another. When you change it, then there is no harm in exchanging two for one or even more than that."

4015 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "يَكْرَهُ وَسْقاً مِنْ تَمْرِ اَلْمَدِينَةِ بِوَسْقَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرِ خَيْبَرَ لِأَنَّ تَمْرَ اَلْمَدِينَةِ أَجْوَدُهُمَا " قَالَ "وَ كَرِهَ أَنْ يُبَاعَ اَلتَّمْرُ بِالرُّطَبِ عَاجِلاً بِمِثْلِ كَيْلِهِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّ اَلرُّطَبَ يَيْبَسُ فَيَنْقُصُ مِنْ كَيْلِهِ ".

Hadith.4015 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays, who said: I heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "It is disliked to exchange one wasq of dates from Medina for two wasqs of dates from Khaybar, because the dates of Medina are of better quality." Imam (as) also said: "It is disliked to sell dates in exchange for fresh dates, even if measured equally, with a delayed payment, because fresh dates dry out and decrease in volume."

4016 - وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، أَخَاهُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْطَى عَبْدَهُ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ عَلَى أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ اَلْعَبْدُ كُلَّ شَهْرٍ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ أَ يَحِلُّ ذَلِكَ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4016 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a man who gave his servant ten dirhams on the condition that the servant would pay back ten dirhams each month. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in that."

4017 - وَ - سَأَلَ دَاوُدُ بْنُ اَلْحُصَيْنِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلشَّاةِ بِالشَّاتَيْنِ وَ اَلْبَيْضَةِ بِالْبَيْضَتَيْنِ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَكِيلاً أَوْ مَوْزُوناً".

Hadith.4017 - Dawud ibn al-Husayn asked Abu Abdullah (as) about exchanging one sheep for two sheep and one egg for two eggs. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm, as long as it is not something measured or weighed."

4018 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : "لاَ بَأْسَ بِمُعَاوَضَةِ اَلْمَتَاعِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ كَيْلاً وَ لاَ وَزْناً".

Hadith.4018 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in exchanging goods, as long as they are not measured or weighed."

4019 - وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَهُ يَجِيئُنِي اَلرَّجُلُ يَطْلُبُ بَيْعَ اَلْحَرِيرِ مِنِّي وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَيُقَاوِلُنِي وَ أُقَاوِلُهُ فِي اَلرِّبْحِ وَ اَلْأَجَلِ حَتَّى نَجْتَمِعَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ ثُمَّ أَذْهَبُ فَأَشْتَرِي لَهُ وَ أَدْعُوهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ وَجَدَ بَيْعاً هُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّا عِنْدَكَ أَ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ إِلَيْهِ وَ يَدَعَكَ أَوْ وَجَدْتَ أَنْتَ ذَلِكَ أَ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَنْصَرِفَ عَنْهُ وَ تَدَعَهُ" قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4019 - Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): I said to Imam (as), "A man comes to me asking to buy silk, but I do not have any. We negotiate about profit and payment terms until we agree on something. Then I go and buy it for him and invite him to complete the transaction." Imam (as) said: "What if he finds another deal that he prefers over what you have, can he leave you and go for it? Or if you find a better deal, can you leave him and pursue it?" I said: "Yes." Imam (as) said: "Then there is no harm."

4020 - وَ سَأَلَهُ أَبُو اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيُّ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ مِائَةَ مَنٍّ صُفْراً بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا وَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ مَا اُشْتُرِيَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا أَوْفَاهُ اَلْوَزْنَ اَلَّذِي اُشْتُرِطَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.4020 - Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani asked Imam (as) about a man who bought one hundred mann of brass for a specified price, while the seller did not possess the quantity sold at the time of the transaction. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm as long as he delivers the specified weight that was agreed upon."

4021 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي اَلطَّعَامَ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ وَ يَشْتَرِي مِنْهُ حَالاًّ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ" قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّهُمْ يُفْسِدُونَهُ عِنْدَنَا قَالَ "فَأَيَّ شَيْءٍ يَقُولُونَ فِي اَلسَّلَمِ" قُلْتُ لاَ يَرَوْنَ فِيهِ بَأْساً يَقُولُونَ هَذَا إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَإِذَا كَانَ إِلَى غَيْرِ أَجَلٍ وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهِ فَلاَ يَصْلُحُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ أَجَلٌ كَانَ أَحَقَّ بِهِ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلطَّعَامَ وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ وَ حَالاًّ لاَ يُسَمِّي لَهُ أَجَلاً إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْعاً لاَ يُوجَدُ مِثْلُ اَلْعِنَبِ وَ اَلْبِطِّيخِ وَ شِبْهِهِ فِي غَيْرِ زَمَانِهِ فَلاَ يَنْبَغِي شِرَاءُ ذَلِكَ حَالاًّ".

Hadith.4021 - Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj asked Imam (as) about a man who buys food from another man who does not have it in his possession and buys it immediately (without delay). Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." I said: "But they consider it invalid among us." Imam (as) said: "What do they say about salam (forward contracts)?" I said: "They see no harm in it because it is for a specified term. However, if it is without a specified term and not in the seller's possession, they say it is invalid." Imam (as) said: "If there is no specified term, then it is even more justified." Then Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in a man buying food that is not in the seller's possession, whether on credit or immediately, without specifying a term, unless it is for items that are not commonly available, such as grapes, melons, and similar goods outside their season. In such cases, it is not proper to buy them immediately."

4022 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ بَاعَ سِلْعَةً فَقَالَ إِنَّ ثَمَنَهَا كَذَا وَ كَذَا يَداً بِيَدٍ وَ ثَمَنُهَا كَذَا وَ كَذَا نَظِرَةً فَخُذْهَا بِأَيِّ ثَمَنٍ شِئْتَ وَ اِجْعَلْ صَفْقَتَهَا وَاحِدَةً " فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلاَّ أَقَلُّهُمَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ نَظِرَةً ".

Hadith.4022 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever sells a commodity and says, 'Its price is such and such if paid immediately, and its price is such and such if paid later,' then take it at whichever price you wish and make it a single transaction." Then Imam (as) said: "He is only entitled to the lower price, even if it is on credit."

4023 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي رَجُلٍ أَمَرَهُ نَفَرٌ أَنْ يَبْتَاعَ لَهُمْ بَعِيراً بِوَرِقٍ وَ يَزِيدُونَهُ فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ نَظِرَةً فَابْتَاعَ لَهُمْ بَعِيراً وَ مَعَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ فَمَنَعَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمْ فَوْقَ وَرِقِهِ نَظِرَةً".

Hadith.4023 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) said regarding a man who was instructed by a group to buy a camel for them with silver and to charge them extra for deferred payment. He bought the camel for them, and one of them was with him. Imam (as) prohibited him from taking more than the silver amount for the deferred payment.

4024 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَصْلَحَكَ اَللَّهُ إِنَّا نُخَالِطُ نَفَراً مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلسَّوَادِ فَنُقْرِضُهُمُ اَلْقَرْضَ وَ يَصْرِفُونَ إِلَيْنَا غَلاَّتِهِمْ فَنَبِيعُهَا لَهُمْ بِأَجْرٍ وَ لَنَا فِي ذَلِكَ مَنْفَعَةٌ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ" وَ لاَ أَعْلَمُهُ إِلاَّ قَالَ وَ لَوْ لاَ مَا يَصْرِفُونَ إِلَيْنَا مِنْ غَلاَّتِهِمْ لَمْ نُقْرِضْهُمْ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ".

Hadith.4024 - Jamil ibn Darraj narrated from a man who said: I said to Abu Abdullah (as): "May Allah (swt) rectify your affairs. We interact with some people from the countryside, and we lend them loans. They deliver their crops to us, and we sell them for a fee, and we benefit from this arrangement." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it." And I believe he also said: "If it were not for the crops they deliver to us, we would not lend to them." Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it."

4025 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ اَلْبِيضَ عَدَداً وَ يَقْضِي سُوداً وَزْناً وَ قَدْ عَرَفَ أَنَّهَا أَثْقَلُ مِمَّا أَخَذَ وَ تَطِيبُ بِهَا نَفْسُهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَهُ فَضْلَهَا قَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ شَرْطٌ وَ لَوْ وَهَبَهَا لَهُ كُلَّهَا صَلَحَ".

Hadith.4025 - Ibn Muskan narrated from al-Halabi, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who borrows a specified amount of white dirhams and repays them with black dirhams by weight, knowing that they are heavier than what he borrowed, and he willingly gives the extra weight. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm in it as long as it is not a condition. Even if he gifted him all of it, it would be permissible."

4026 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَسْتَقْرِضُ مِنَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلدِّرْهَمَ فَيَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ اَلْمِثْقَالَ أَوْ يَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلْمِثْقَالَ فَيَرُدُّ اَلدِّرْهَمَ قَالَ "إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ شَرَطَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ ذَلِكَ هُوَ اَلْفَضْلُ إِنَّ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَانَ يَسْتَقْرِضُ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ اَلْفُسُولَةَ فَيُدْخِلُ مِنْ غَلَّتِهِ اَلْجِيَادَ فَيَقُولُ "يَا بُنَيَّ رُدَّهَا عَلَى اَلَّذِي اِسْتَقْرَضْنَا مِنْهُ" فَأَقُولُ يَا أَبَتِ إِنَّ دَرَاهِمَهُ كَانَتْ فُسُولَةً وَ هَذِهِ أَجْوَدُ مِنْهَا فَيَقُولُ "يَا بُنَيَّ هَذَا هُوَ اَلْفَضْلُ فَأَعْطِهَا إِيَّاهُ" ".

Hadith.4026 - Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj asked him about a man who borrows a dirham and repays it with a mithqal (a weight of gold), or borrows a mithqal and repays it with a dirham. Imam (as) said: "If it was not stipulated as a condition, then there is no harm. This is considered a favor." Imam (as) further said: "My father (as) used to borrow inferior dirhams and then, from his earnings, would return better-quality ones. He (as) would say, 'O my son (as), return these to the one from whom we (as) borrowed.' I said: 'O my father (as), his dirhams were inferior, and these are of better quality.' Imam (as) replied: 'O my son (as), this is a favor, so give them to him.'"

4027 - وَ رَوَى إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ عِنْدَ اَلرَّجُلِ اَلْمَالُ فَيُعْطِيهِ قَرْضاً فَيَطُولُ مَكْثُهُ عِنْدَ اَلرَّجُلِ لاَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ مِنْهُ مَنْفَعَةٌ فَيُنِيلُهُ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلشَّيْءَ بَعْدَ اَلشَّيْءِ كَرَاهَةَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مَالَهُ حَيْثُ لاَ يُصِيبُ مِنْهُ مَنْفَعَةً يَحِلُّ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ بَأْسَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُونَا شَرَطَاهُ".

Hadith.4027 - Ishaq ibn Ammar narrated: I said to Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)): "A man has some money with another man as a loan, and it remains with him for a long time without providing any benefit to the owner. So the borrower occasionally gives the lender something out of courtesy, to avoid returning the money without any benefit. Is this permissible for him?" Imam (as) said: "There is no harm, as long as they did not stipulate it as a condition."

4028 - وَ رَوَى شِهَابُ بْنُ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص يَسْأَلُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَنْ عِنْدَهُ سَلَفٌ‌ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عِنْدِي فَقَالَ أَعْطِهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَوْسَاقٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَأَعْطَاهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَتَقَاضَاهُ فَقَالَ يَكُونُ فَأُعْطِيكَ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ يَكُونُ فَأُعْطِيكَ‌ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ يَكُونُ فَأُعْطِيكَ فَقَالَ أَكْثَرْتَ‌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَضَحِكَ وَ قَالَ عِنْدَ مَنْ سَلَفٌ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ عِنْدِي فَقَالَ كَمْ عِنْدَكَ قَالَ مَا شِئْتَ فَقَالَ أَعْطِهِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَوْسَاقٍ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ إِنَّمَا لِي أَرْبَعَةٌ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ أَرْبَعَةٌ أَيْضاً.

Hadith.4028 - Shihab ibn Abd Rabbih narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: I heard Imam (as) say that a man came to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) asking for help. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "Who has a loan (to give)?" One of the Muslims said: "I have." So the Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) said: "Give him four wasqs of dates." The man gave him the dates. Later, the man came back to the Messenger of Allah (swt) (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) asking for repayment. The Prophet (sw) said: "It will be provided, and I will give it to you." He returned again, and the Prophet (sw) said: "It will be provided, and I will give it to you." He came back once more, and the Prophet (sw) repeated: "It will be provided, and I will give it to you." The man then said: "You have asked too much, O Messenger of Allah (swt)." The Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) laughed and said: "Who has a loan (to give)?" A man stood up and said: "I have." The Prophet (sw) asked: "How much do you have?" He said: "As much as you wish." The Prophet (sw) said: "Give him eight wasqs." The man said: "I only owe four." The Prophet (may Allah (swt) bless him and his family) replied: "And four more as well."

4029 - وَ سَأَلَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ‌ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَسْتَقْرِضُ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ قَرْضاً وَ يُعْطِيهِ الرَّهْنَ إِمَّا خَادِماً وَ إِمَّا آنِيَةً وَ إِمَّا ثِيَاباً فَيَحْتَاجُ إِلَى الشَّيْ‌ءِ مِنْ أَمْتِعَتِهِ فَيَسْتَأْذِنُهُ فِيهِ فَيَأْذَنُ لَهُ قَالَ إِنْ طَابَتْ نَفْسُهُ لَهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا يَرْوُونَ أَنَّ كُلَّ قَرْضٍ جَرَّ مَنْفَعَةً فَهُوَ فَاسِدٌ فَقَالَ أَ وَ لَيْسَ خَيْرُ الْقَرْضِ مَا جَرَّ مَنْفَعَةً.

Hadith.4029 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked him about a man who borrows a loan from another man and gives him collateral, either a servant, a vessel, or clothing. Later, the borrower needs something from his belongings and seeks permission from the lender, who grants it. Imam (as) said: "If the lender willingly allows it, then there is no harm." I said: "Those among us narrate that any loan that brings benefit is invalid." Imam (as) replied: "Isn't the best loan the one that brings benefit?"

4030 - وَ سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ الدَّرَاهِمُ وَ الْمَالُ فَيَدْعُوهُ إِلَى طَعَامِهِ أَوْ يُهْدِي لَهُ الْهَدِيَّةَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌.

Hadith.4030 - Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) was asked about a man who has dirhams or wealth owed to him by another man, and he invites him to his meal or gives him a gift. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

4031 - وَ- سَأَلَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقْرِضُ الرَّجُلَ الدَّرَاهِمَ الْغِلَّةَ فَيَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ الدَّرَاهِمَ الطَّازَجِيَّةَ طَيِّبَةً بِهَا نَفْسُهُ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌ وَ ذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ.

Hadith.4031 - Ya'qub ibn Shu'ayb asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who lends dirhams of lower quality and then receives better-quality dirhams in return, with the borrower's consent. He (as) said: "There is no harm in it." And this was also narrated from Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as).