ومن خطبة له (عليه السلام) عند خروجه لقتال أهل البصرة [وفيها حكمة مبعث الرسل، ثمّ يذكر فضله ويذم الخارجين]

At the time of setting out for the Battle of Jamal

قال عبدالله بن عباس (رحمه الله): دخلت على أَميرالمؤمنين صلوات الله عليه بذي قار وهو يخصِف نعله، فقال لي: ما قيمة هذا النعل؟ فقلت: لا قيمةَ لها! قال: والله لَهِيَ أَحَبُّ إِليَّ من إِمرتكم، إِلاّ أَن أُقيم حقّاً، أَوأَدفع باطلاً، ثمّ خرج (عليه السلام) فخطب الناس فقال:

‘Abdullāh ibn al-‘Abbās says that when Amīr al-mu’minīn set out for war with the people of Baṣrah he came to his audience at Dhiqār and saw that he was stitching his shoe. Then Amīr al-mu’minīn said to me, “What is the price of this shoe?” I said: “It has no value now.” He then said, “By Allāh, it should have been more dear to me than ruling over you but for the fact that I have establish right and ward off wrong.” Then he came out and spoke :

إنَّ اللهَ سُبحانَه بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً (صلى الله عليه وآله)، وَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ يَقْرَأُ كِتَاباً، وَلاَ يَدَّعِي نُبُوَّةً، فَسَاقَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى بَوَّأَهُمْ مَحَلَّتَهُم، وَبَلَّغَهُمْ مَنْجَاتَهُمْ، فَاسْتَقَامَتْ قَنَاتُهُمْ، وَاطْمَأَنَّتْ صِفَاتُهُمْ.

Verily, Allāh sent Muḥammad (S) when none among the Arabs read a book or claimed prophethood. He guided the people till he took them to their (correct) position and their salvation. So their spears (i.e. officers) became straight and their conditions settled down.

أَمَا وَاللهِ إنْ كُنْتُ لَفِي سَاقَتِهَا حَتَّى تَوَلَّتْ بِحَذَافِيرِهَا، مَا عَجَزْتُ،وَلاَ جَبُنْتُ، وَإِنَّ مَسِيرِي هذَا لِمثْلِهَا، فَلاَنْقُبَنَّ الْبَاطِلَ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ جَنْبِهِ.

By Allāh, surely I was in their lead till it took shape with its walls. I did not show weakness or cowardice. My existing march is also like that. I shall certainly pierce the wrong till right comes out of its side.

مَالي وَلِقُرَيْش! وَاللهِ لَقَدْ قَاتَلْتُهُمْ كَافِرِينَ، وَلاَقَاتِلَنَّهُمْ مَفْتُونِينَ، وَإِنِّي لَصَاحِبُهُمْ بِالاْمْسِ، كَمَا أَنَا صَاحِبُهُمُ الْيَوْمَ!

What (cause of conflict) is there between me and the Quraysh? By Allāh, I have fought them when they were unbelievers and I shall fight them when they have been misled. I shall be the same for them today as I was for them yesterday.

وَاللّهِ ما تَنْقِمُ مِنّا قُرَيْشٌ اِلاّ اَنَّ اللّه اَخْتارَنا عَلَيْهِمْ، فَاَدْخَلْناهُمْ فى حَيِّزِنا، فَكانُوا كَما قالَ الاْوَّلُ:

By Allāh, the Quraysh only take revenge against us because Allāh has given us (i.e. the Holy Prophet and his progeny) preference over them. So, we have allowed them into our domain, whereupon they have become as the former poet says;

اَدَمْتَ لَعَمْرى شُرْبَكَ الْمَحْضَ صابِحاً *** وَ اَكْلَكَ بِالزُّبْدِ الْمُقَشَّرَةَ الْبُجْرا وَ نَحْنُ وَهَبْناكَ الْعَلاءَ وَ لَمْ تَكُنْ *** عَلِيّاً، وَ حُطْنا حَوْلَكَ الْجُرْدَ وَالسُّمْرا

By my life, you continued drinking fresh milk every morning, And (continued) eating fine stoned dates with butter; We have given you the nobility which you did not possess before; And surrounded (protected) you with thoroughbred horses and tawnycoloured spears (strong spears). [1]

Extrait de son discours lorsqu Ml mena une campagne contre les habitants de Basra. On y lit la sagesse du Prophète, la valeur de ‘Ali et le blâme des Kharijites.

‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas racon- te: j’entrai dans la tente du Prince des Croyants à Zi Qar et le trouvai en train de trouer sa sandale. ïl me dit: Quelle valeur a cette sandale? -Aucune, dis-je. Et ‘Ali de poursuivre: Par Dieu, je l’aime plus que je n’aime vous commander, à moins que je puisse établir un droit ou arrêter une injustice. Puis il sortit et prononça ce discours.

Dieu a envoyé Mouhammad - la bénédiction d’Allah soit sur lui et sur ceux de sa maison- lorsqu’il n’y avait aucun arabe qui lisait un livre ou qui prétendait être prophète. Mouhammad a conduit les Arabes jusqu’à leur position actuelle, il les a sauvés et en a fait un Etat normalement constitué.

Quant à moi, je formai l’arrière-garde de cet Etat jusqu’à sa constitution complète et finale. Je n’ai jamais été incapable ou pussillanime. Maintenant que je tienne les rênes du pouvoir, je continue de faire la même chose: j’extirperai Terreur pour faire régner la vérité.

Qu’y a-t-il entre Qouraïch et mot? Par Dieu, je les ai combattus quand ils étaient athées et je leur livrerai bataille s’ils excitent les gens à la sédition. Jadis j’étais leur ami, comme je le suis maintenant!

Le seul reproche de Qouraïch contre moi provient de ce que Dieu m’a choisi comme calife. Malgré cela, je les ai introduits dans ma cour...

Nahj al-Balāgha

Chapter #33