 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلاَةِ فِي السَّفَرِ قَالَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَلاَ بَعْدَهُمَا شَيْ‏ءٌ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَلْيَتَطَوَّعْ بِاللَّيْلِ مَا شَاءَ إِنْ كَانَ نَازِلاً وَإِنْ كَانَ رَاكِباً فَلْيُصَلِّ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ وَهُوَ رَاكِبٌ وَلْتَكُنْ صَلاَتُهُ إِيمَاءً وَلْيَكُنْ رَأْسُهُ حَيْثُ يُرِيدُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنْ رُكُوعِهِ.

1. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Zur’ah ibn Muhammad from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about Salah (prayer) on a journey. He (the Imam) said, ‘ It is a two Rak‘at without anything before or thereafter, except that it is appropriate for a traveler to perform four Rak‘at after al-Maghrib and optional Salah (prayer) during the night as much as he wants, if a traveler on foot; but if riding he can perform Salah (prayer) on his stumper. His Salah (prayer) is in the form of making gestures and bowing down his head for Sujud (prostrations) lower than that for Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees).”’ 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ لاَ تَدَعْهُنَّ فِي حَضَرٍ وَلاَ سَفَرٍ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Yahya al- Halabiy from al-Harith ibn al-Mughirah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘There are four Rak‘at after al-Maghrib. You must not omit them, regardless of being on a journey or while at home.’” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ الصَّلاَةُ فِي السَّفَرِ رَكْعَتَانِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَلاَ بَعْدَهُمَا شَيْ‏ءٌ إِلاَّ الْمَغْرِبَ فَإِنَّ بَعْدَهَا أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لاَ تَدَعْهُنَّ فِي حَضَرٍ وَلاَ سَفَرٍ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ قَضَاءُ صَلاَةِ النَّهَارِ وَصَلِّ صَلاَةَ اللَّيْلِ وَاقْضِهِ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Salah (prayer) on a journey is of two Rak‘at and there is nothing before or thereafter except al-Maghrib after which there are four Rak‘at which you must not omit on a journey or while at home. You are not required to perform the compensatory Salah (prayer) during the day but you should perform the compensatory prayer, those missed during the night (optional Salah (prayer).”’ 

4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ ذَرِيحٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَاتَتْنِي صَلاَةُ اللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ فَأَقْضِيهَا فِي النَّهَارِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ أَطَقْتَ ذَلِكَ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from Dharih who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about nightly optional Salah (prayer) which are missed. Can I perform the compensatory prayer for them during the day? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so, if you are able to bear it.’” 

5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ صَلاَةِ النَّافِلَةِ عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ وَالدَّابَّةِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً قَالَ فَقُلْتُ عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ وَالدَّابَّةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً قُلْتُ أَسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةَ إِذَا أَرَدْتُ التَّكْبِيرَ قَالَ لاَ وَلَكِنْ تُكَبِّرُ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً وَكَذَلِكَ فَعَلَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه).

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about performing optional Salah (prayer) on the back of camel or stumper. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so as your face is.’ I then asked, ‘Am I required to face al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) when saying Takbir (Allah is great beyond description)? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, you are not required but say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) as your face is and that is how the Messenger of Allah of had done.’” 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ أَمَّا أَنْتُمْ فَشَبَابٌ تُؤَخِّرُونَ وَأَمَّا أَنَا فَشَيْخٌ أُعَجِّلُ فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي صَلاَةَ اللَّيْلِ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ.

6. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya from Mansur ibn Hazim from Aban ibn Taghlib who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and I journeyed between Makkah and al-Madinah and he would say, ‘You, however, are young people, thus you delay. I am old so I hurry up.’ He (the Imam) would perform the nightly optional Salah (prayer) in the beginning of the night.” 

7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ قَالَ يُومِىُ إِيمَاءً يَجْعَلُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ قُلْتُ يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ يَمْشِي قَالَ نَعَمْ يُومِىُ إِيمَاءً وَلْيَجْعَلِ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ya’qub ibn Shu’ayb who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs Salah (prayer) on his stumper. He (the Imam) said, ‘He makes gestures for Sujud (prostrations) lower than the gesture for Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees).’ I then asked, ‘Can he perform Salah (prayer) while walking? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, but in the form of gestures and make the one for Sujud (prostrations) lower than that for RukuV” 

8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي النَّوَافِلَ فِي الأمْصَارِ وَهُوَ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ حَيْثُ تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from ’Abd al- Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs optional Salah (prayer) in the cities while on the stumper and to whatever direction it faces. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is not harmful.’” 

9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَرَى بَأْساً أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الْمَاشِي وَهُوَ يَمْشِي وَلَكِنْ لاَ يَسُوقُ الإِبِلَ.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), did not consider it harmful to perform Salah (prayer) while walking, but he must not be driving a camel.” 

10ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ صَلاَةِ اللَّيْلِ وَالْوَتْرِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ إِذَا تَخَوَّفْتُ الْبَرْدَ وَكَانَتْ عِلَّةٌ فَقَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنَا أَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about nightly Salah (prayer) and al-Witr in the beginning of the night on a journey if one is afraid of cold or not feeling well. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful and I do it so.’” 

11ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ مُقَاتِلٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَارِثِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ يَعْنِي الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الأرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ فِي السَّفَرِ يُعْجِلُنِي الْجَمَّالُ وَلاَ يُمَكِّنِّي الصَّلاَةَ عَلَى الأرْضِ هَلْ أُصَلِّيهَا فِي الْمَحْمِلِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ صَلِّهَا فِي الْمَحْمِلِ.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Sulayman from Sa’d ibn Sa’d from Muqatil ibn Muqatil from abu al-Harith who has said the following: “I once asked him (Imam al-Rida’) (a.s.), about the four Rak‘at after al-Maghrib on a journey, because camel man is in hurry and I am not able to perform on the ground. Can I perform Salah (prayer) in the carriage on the camel’s back? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can perform it in the carriage.’” 

12ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيِ الْفَجْرِ فِي الْمَحْمِلِ. 

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Najran from Safwan who has said the following: “Al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘You can perform the two morning Rak‘at in the carriage.” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 4, Chapter 82