Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Use of Shadow in the State of al-’Ihram

15ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ كُنَّا فِي دِهْلِيزِ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَالِدٍ بِمَكَّةَ وَكَانَ هُنَاكَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) وَأَبُو يُوسُفَ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو يُوسُفَ وَتَرَبَّعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الْمُحْرِمُ يُظَلِّلُ قَالَ لا قَالَ فَيَسْتَظِلّ�� بِالْجِدَارِ وَالْمَحْمِلِ وَيَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ وَالْخِبَاءَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَضَحِكَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ شِبْهَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَا أَبَا يُوسُفَ إِنَّ الدِّينَ لَيْسَ بِالْقِيَاسِ كَقِيَاسِكَ وَقِيَاسِ أَصْحَابِكَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَمَرَ فِي كِتَابِهِ بِالطَّلاقِ وَأَكَّدَ فِيهِ بِشَاهِدَيْنِ وَلَمْ يَرْضَ بِهِمَا إِلاَّ عَدْلَيْنِ وَأَمَرَ فِي كِتَابِهِ بِالتَّزْوِيجِ وَأَهْمَلَهُ بِلا شُهُودٍ فَأَتَيْتُمْ بِشَاهِدَيْنِ فِيمَا أَبْطَلَ الله وَأَبْطَلْتُمْ شَاهِدَيْنِ فِيمَا أَكَّدَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَأَجَزْتُمْ طَلاقَ الْمَجْنُونِ وَالسَّكْرَانِ حَجَّ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَأَحْرَمَ وَلَمْ يُظَلِّلْ وَدَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ وَالْخِبَاءَ وَاسْتَظَلَّ بِالْمَحْمِلِ وَالْجِدَارِ فَعَلْنَا كَمَا فَعَلَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَسَكَتَ.

15. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn abu Najran from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl who has said the following: “Once we were in the hall of Yahya ibn Khalid in Makkah. Abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.) and abu Yusuf were there. Abu Yusuf stood up to move closer and then sat down square in front of him (the Imam), and said, ‘O abu al-Hassan, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, can a man in the state of Ihram seek shadow?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’ He (abu Yusuf) asked, ‘Can he seek shadow of a wall, carriage, or enter the house or tent?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’ He (abu Yusuf) laughed in a scolding manner. He (the Imam) then said, ‘O abu Yusuf, religion is not based on analogies like your analogies and the analogies of your companions. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has commanded in His book to apply divorce and has insisted to have two witnesses bear testimony to the pronouncement of divorce and has not agreed unless they are just people. He has commanded to get married and has ignored the presence of witnesses but you require witnesses where Allah has made it (presence of witnesses) invalid and you have ignored the need for witnesses where Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, requires. You have also made divorce by an insane and drunk person permissible. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, performed al-Hajj, assumed the state of Ihram and did not prepare a shadow for himself. He (the Messenger of Allah) entered the house, the tent, used the shadow of the carriage and the wall; and we do as the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, did. He (abu Yusuf) remained quiet.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter #90