Chapter on Retaliation (qisas) and the Amount of Blood Money (diyyah)

Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 4|Book 1|Chapter 22

Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

Volume 4, Book 1, Chapter 22

Chapter on Retaliation (qisas) and the Amount of Blood Money (diyyah)

Hadith #5204

5204 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلاً مُسْلِماً عَمْداً فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمَقْتُولِ أَوْلِيَاءُ مِنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلاَّ أَوْلِيَاءُ مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلذِّمَّةِ مِنْ قَرَابَتِهِ فَقَالَ "عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَعْرِضَ عَلَى قَرَابَتِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ اَلْإِسْلاَمَ فَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ فَهُوَ وَلِيُّهُ يُدْفَعُ اَلْقَاتِلُ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ شَاءَ قَتَلَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ اَلدِّيَةَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ مِنْ قَرَابَتِهِ أَحَدٌ كَانَ اَلْإِمَامُ وَلِيَّ أَمْرِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ قَتَلَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ اَلدِّيَةَ فَجَعَلَهَا فِي بَيْتِ مَالِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ لِأَنَّ جِنَايَةَ اَلْمَقْتُولِ كَانَتْ عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ فَكَذَلِكَ تَكُونُ دِيَتُهُ لِإِمَامِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ " قُلْتُ فَإِنْ عَفَا عَنْهُ اَلْإِمَامُ فَقَالَ "إِنَّمَا هُوَ حَقٌّ لِجَمِيعِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ إِنَّمَا عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ أَوْ يَأْخُذَ اَلدِّيَةَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ".

Hadith.5204 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Walad, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah about a man who intentionally killed a Muslim man, but the murdered man had no heirs among the Muslims, only relatives from the People of the Book (Ahl Al-Dhimmah) from his family. Imam said: "It is upon the Imam to offer Islam to his non-Muslim relatives. Whoever among them accepts Islam becomes his heir, and the killer is handed over to him. If he wishes, he may kill him, or if he wishes, he may forgive him, or if he wishes, he may take the blood money (diyyah). If none of his relatives accept Islam, then the Imam becomes responsible for his case. If the Imam wishes, he may execute the killer, or if he wishes, he may take the blood money and deposit it in the public treasury (Bayt Al-Mal) of the Muslims because the responsibility of protecting the murdered person was upon Imam, and likewise, his blood money belongs to Imam of Muslims." I asked: "What if the Imam forgives the killer?" Imam replied: "It is a right belonging to all Muslims. The Imam must either execute the killer or take the blood money, but he does not have the right to pardon."