ثم قال أيده الله تعالى والمحدث بالنوم والاغماء والمرة يتيمم كما ذكرناه في باب المحدث بالبول والغائط ويدخل بذلك في الصلاة إذا كانت هذه الاشياء مما تنقض الطهارة وكان منتقض الطهارة يلزمه التيمم حسب ما ذكرناه فلا فرق بين أن ينتقض طهارته باحد هذه الاشياء أو بالبول والغائط حسب ما ذكرناه في أن التيمم يلزمه ثم قال أيده الله تعالى ومتى وجد واحد ممن سميناه الماء بعد فقده أو تمكن من استعماله تطهر به حسب ما فاته إن كان وضوءا فوضوءا وإن كان غسلا فغسلا، والفرق بين التيمم بدلا من الغسل والتيمم بدلا من الوضوء ما بيناه من أن المحدث لما يوجب طهارته بالغسل إذا لم يقدر عليه يتيمم بضربتين احداهما لوجهه والثانية لظاهر كفيه، والمحدث لما يوجب طهارته بالوضوء يتيمم بضربة واحدة لوجهه ويديه فقد مضى شرحه مستوفى وفيه كفاية إن شاء الله تعالى ثم قال أيده الله تعالى والميت إذا لم يوجد الماء لغسله، يممه المسلم كما يؤمم الحي العاجز بالزمانة عند حاجته إلى التيمم من جنابته يضرب بيديه على الارض ويمسح بهما وجهه من قصاص شعر رأسه إلى طرف أنفه ثم يضرب بهما ضربة اخرى فيمسح بهما ظاهر كفيه ثم تيمم هو لمسه بمثل ذلك سواء يدل على ذلك ما ثبت من وجوب غسل الميت وإن من فقد الماء انتقل فرضه إلى التيمم حسب ما قدمناه
Then the Shaykh (Al-Mufid), may Allah سبحانه وتعالى support him, said: “The one who loses purification due to sleep, fainting, or vomiting performs Tayammum as we have described in the chapter on losing purification due to urination and defecation and thereby becomes eligible for prayer. Since these states invalidate purification, the one whose purification is invalidated must perform Tayammum as previously explained. There is no difference whether purification is invalidated by these conditions or by urination and defecation in terms of the requirement for Tayammum.” Then the Shaykh (Al-Mufid), may Allah سبحانه وتعالى support him, said: “Whenever any of those mentioned finds water after its absence or is able to use it, they must purify themselves with it according to what they missed. If it is Wudu', they perform Wudu'. If it is Ghusl, they perform Ghusl. The difference between Tayammum as a substitute for Ghusl and Tayammum as a substitute for Wudu' is as follows: if purification is required by something that necessitates Ghusl, and the person cannot perform it, they perform Tayammum with two strikes - one for their face and the other for the backs of their palms. If purification is required by something that necessitates Wudu', they perform Tayammum with one strike for their face and hands.” This has already been explained in detail, and it suffices, Allah سبحانه وتعالى willing. Then the Shaykh (Al-Mufid), may Allah سبحانه وتعالى support him, said: “If a deceased person cannot be washed due to the absence of water, a Muslim performs Tayammum on the deceased just as they would for a living person who is unable to perform ablution due to illness. The deceased’s Tayammum is performed by striking the hands on the ground, wiping their face from the hairline to the tip of the nose, and then striking the hands again and wiping the backs of the palms. The one performing the Tayammum for the deceased should perform their own Tayammum in the same way.” This is supported by the established obligation of washing the deceased. When water is unavailable, this obligation transitions to Tayammum, as previously described.
