One Who Issues Fatwa is Responsible

Al-Kāfi|Volume 7|Book 6|Chapter 4

Al-Kāfi

Volume 7, Book 6, Chapter 4

One Who Issues Fatwa is Responsible
2 Aḥadīth
Ḥadīth 1

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ كَانَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَاعِداً فِي حَلْقَةِ رَبِيعَةِ الرَّأْيِ فَجَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَسَأَلَ رَبِيعَةَ الرَّأْيِ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَأَجَابَهُ فَلَمَّا سَكَتَ قَالَ لَهُ الأعْرَابِيُّ أَهُوَ فِي عُنُقِكَ فَسَكَتَ عَنْهُ رَبِيعَةُ وَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئاً فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَسْأَلَةَ فَأَجَابَهُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الأعْرَابِيُّ أَهُوَ فِي عُنُقِكَ فَسَكَتَ رَبِيعَةُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) هُوَ فِي عُنُقِهِ قَالَ أَوْ لَمْ يَقُلْ وَكُلُّ مُفْتٍ ضَامِنٌ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘ Abd al- Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has narrated the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was in the group of the circle of Rabi‘ah al-Ra’y when an Arab man came and asked Rabi‘ah al-Ra’iy a question and he replied. When he became quiet the Arab man asked, ‘Do you take responsibility for your answer?’ He remained quiet and did not respond. He repeated the question and he gave a similar answer and the Arab man asked, ‘Do you take the responsibility? But Rabi‘ah al-Ra’y remained quiet. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said to him that it is his responsibility. He said, ‘Has He not said that everyone who issues a Fatwa is responsible for it?”’

Ḥadīth 2

2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَنْ أَفْتَى النَّاسَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَلا هُدًى مِنَ اللهِ لَعَنَتْهُ مَلائِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ وَمَلائِكَةُ الْعَذَابِ وَلَحِقَهُ وِزْرُ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِفُتْيَاهُ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from abu ‘Ubaydah who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘If one issues fatwas without knowledge and guidance from Allah, all angels, of mercy and angels of suffering condemn him and the sin of those who follow his fatwas will be attached to him.’”