35. Inheritance of People Killed, those who Inherit and those who do not Inherit from the Wergild
Back to book1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَوَّارٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لَمَّا هَزَمَ طَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرَ أَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ مُنْهَزِمِينَ فَمَرُّوا بِامْرَأَةٍ حَامِلٍ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَفَزِعَتْ مِنْهُمْ فَطَرَحَتْ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا حَيّاً فَاضْطَرَبَ حَتَّى مَاتَ ثُمَّ مَاتَتْ أُمُّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَمَرَّ بِهَا عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَأَصْحَابُهُ وَهِيَ مَطْرُوحَةٌ وَوَلَدُهَا عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنْ أَمْرِهَا فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ حُبْلَى فَفَزِعَتْ حِينَ رَأَتِ الْقِتَالَ وَالْهَزِيمَةَ قَالَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ فَقِيلَ إِنَّ ابْنَهَا مَاتَ قَبْلَهَا قَالَ فَدَعَا بِزَوْجِهَا أَبِي الْغُلامِ الْمَيِّتِ فَوَرَّثَهُ مِنِ ابْنِهِ ثُلُثَيِ الدِّيَةِ وَوَرَّثَ أُمَّهُ ثُلُثَ الدِّيَةِ ثُمَّ وَرَّثَ الزَّوْجَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ الْمَيِّتَةِ نِصْفَ ثُلُثِ الدِّيَةِ الَّذِي وَرِثَتْهُ مِنِ ابْنِهَا وَوَرَّثَ قَرَابَةَ الْمَرْأَةِ الْمَيِّتَةِ الْبَاقِيَ ثُمَّ وَرَّثَ الزَّوْجَ أَيْضاً مِنْ دِيَةِ امْرَأَتِهِ الْمَيِّتَةِ نِصْفَ الدِّيَةِ وَهُوَ أَلْفَانِ وَخَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَوَرَّثَ قَرَابَةَ الْمَرْأَةِ الْمَيِّتَةِ نِصْفَ الدِّيَةِ وَهُوَ أَلْفَانِ وَخَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا وَلَدٌ غَيْرُ الَّذِي رَمَتْ بِهِ حِينَ فَزِعَتْ قَالَ وَأَدَّى ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْبَصْرَةِ.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn Mahbub from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Sawwar from al-Hassan who has narrated the following: “When Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, defeated Talhah and al-Zubayr, people came defeated and passed by a pregnant woman on the road who was frightened and miscarried her child who was alive but then died. She, because of shock died after the child. Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and his people passed by where she with her child was left on the road. He (the Imam) asked them about her case and they said that she was pregnant. Because of shock on seeing the dead and defeated she has died. He (the Imam) then asked, ’Who died first?’ They said, ’The child died before her.’ He (the Imam) called her husband and made him to inherit his son for two-thirds of the wergild and the mother to inherit one-third of the wergild. He (the Imam) made the man to inherit from his dead wife one-half of the one-third, which she had inherited of the wergild of her son. The relatives of the dead woman inherited the remaining. He (the Imam) then made the husband to inherit also from the wergild of the dead woman, one-half which is two thousand and five hundred dirham. He (the Imam) allowed the relatives of the dead woman to inherit the other one-half, which was two thousand and five hundred dirham. This is because she did not have any children other than that whom she miscarried because of shock. He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) paid all of it from the public treasury of Basrah.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (23/205)
2- ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي دِيَةِ الْمَقْتُولِ أَنَّهُ يَرِثُهَا الْوَرَثَةُ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ وَسِهَامِهِمْ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى الْمَقْتُولِ دَيْنٌ إِلا الإخْوَةَ وَالأخَوَاتِ مِنَ الأمِّ فَإِنَّهُمْ لا يَرِثُونَ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ شَيْئاً.
2. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from abu Ayyub from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has narrated the following: “’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, issued a judgment about the wergild of one slain that the heirs inherit from it according to the book of Allah their shares if there is no debt on the deceased except the brothers and sisters from the mother’s side who do not inherit from the wergild anything.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (23/206)
3- ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ الدِّيَةَ يَرِثُهَا الْوَرَثَةُ إِلا الإخْوَةَ وَالأخَوَاتِ مِنَ الأمِّ.
3. Ibn Mahbub has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Amir al-Mu’minin issued a judgment that said, ’All heirs inherit from the wergild except brothers and sisters from the mother’s side.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (23/206)
4- وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ الدِّيَةَ يَرِثُهَا الْوَرَثَةُ إِلا الإخْوَةَ مِنَ الأمِّ فَإِنَّهُمْ لا يَرِثُونَ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ شَيْئاً.
4. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Amir al-Mu’minin issued a judgment that said, ’All heirs inherit from the wergild except brothers and sisters from the mother’s side who do not inherit anything from the wergild.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (3/207)
5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ الدِّيَةُ يَرِثُهَا الْوَرَثَةُ عَلَى فَرَائِضِ الْمَوَارِيثِ إِلا الإخْوَةَ مِنَ الأمِّ فَإِنَّهُمْ لا يَرِثُونَ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ شَيْئاً.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from ‘Asem ibn Hakim from Muhammad ibn Qays who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ’From the wergild the heirs receive according to their ordained shares except brothers and sisters from the mother’s side who do not inherit anything thereof.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح على الظاهر - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (23/207)
6- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لا يَرِثُ الإخْوَةُ مِنَ الأمِّ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ شَيْئاً.
6. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah and Ali ibn Ribat from ‘Abd Allah ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that brothers from mother’s side do not receive any share from the wergild.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: موثق - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (3/207)
7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ يَحْيَى الأزْرَقِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقْتَلُ وَيَتْرُكُ دَيْناً وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَيَأْخُذُ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ الدِّيَةَ أَعَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَقْضُوا دَيْنَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا أَخَذُوا دِيَتَهُ فَعَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَقْضُوا دَيْنَهُ.
7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from Yahya al-Arzaq who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who is killed, leaving behind a debt and has left no assets but his heirs receive the wergild; if they must pay his debt. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, they must do so.’ I then asked, ‘Even if he does not leave anything they must pay his debts?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, because they have received the wergild, thus, they must pay his debt.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح على الظاهر - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (3/207)
8- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ هَلْ لِلإخْوَةِ مِنَ الأمِّ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ شَيْءٌ قَالَ لا.
8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Dawud ibn al- Haseen from abu al-‘Abbas who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, if brothers from mother’s side can receive any inheritance from the wergild. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, they cannot do so.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (3/207)