Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَ صْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: »بَعَثَ اَللَّهُ مُحَمَّد اً صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ »رَحْمَةً لِلْعٰالَمِينَ« فِ ي سَبْعَةٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ فَمَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَ لْيَوْمَ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ صِيَامَ سِتِّينَ شَهْراً وَ فِي خَمْسَةٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي اَلْقَعْدَةِ وَضَعَ اَللَّهُ اَلْبَيْتَ وَ هُوَ أَ وَّلُ رَحْمَةٍ وُضِعَتْ عَلَى وَجْهِ اَ لْأَرْضِ فَجَعَلَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ »مَثٰابَةً لِلنّٰاسِ وَ أَمْناً« فَمَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ صِيَامَ سِتِّينَ شَهْراً وَ فِي أَ وَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ ذِي اَلْحِجَّةِ وُلِدَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ فَمَنْ صَامَ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ كَتَبَ اَ للَّهُ لَهُ صِيَامَ سِتِّينَ شَهْراً«.

Muhammad ibn Yaqub, from a number of our companions, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from some of our companions, from Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “Allah (swt) sent Muhammad, may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, as a mercy to the worlds, on the twenty-seventh of Rajab. So whoever fasts that day, Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, writes for him the fasting of sixty months. And on the twenty-fifth of Dhu al-Qadah, Allah (swt) placed the House (Ka’aba), and it is the first mercy placed upon the face of the earth, so Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, made it a place of return for the people and a security. So whoever fasts that day, Allah (swt) writes for him the fasting of sixty months. And on the first day of Dhu al-Hijjah, Ibrahim (a.s), the intimate friend of the All-Merciful (swt) (Khalil al-Rahman), was born. So whoever fasts that day, Allah (swt) writes for him the fasting of sixty months.”

وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ اَلسُّخْتِ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ اَلنَّضْرِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلصَّيْقَلِ قَالَ: خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ يَعْنِي اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِمَرْوَ فِي يَوْمِ خَمْسَةٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي اَلْقَعْدَةِ فَقَالَ» صُومُوا فَإِنِّي أَصْبَحْتُ صَائِماً« قُلْنَا جَعَلَنَا اَللَّهُ فِدَاكَ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ قَالَ» يَوْمٌ نُشِرَتْ فِيهِ اَلرَّحْمَةُ وَ دُحِيَتْ فِيهِ اَلْأَرْضُ وَنُصِبَتْ فِيهِ اَلْكَعْبَةُ وَهَبَطَ فِيهِ آدَمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ«.

And from him, from a number of our companions, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Yusuf ibn al-Sukht, from Hamdan ibn al-Nadr, from Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn al-Sayqal, who said: Abu al-Hasan, meaning Imam al-Ridha (a.s), came out to us in Marw on the day of the twenty-fifth of Dhu al-Qadah, and said: “Fast, for I have entered the morning fasting.” We asked: “May Allah (swt) make us your ransom, what day is it?” Imam (a.s) said: “A day in which mercy was spread, and in which the earth was spread out, and in which the Kaa’ba was erected, and in which Adam (a.s), descended.”

وَعَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عِيدٌ غَيْرُ اَلْعِيدَيْنِ قَالَ» نَعَمْ يَا حَسَنُ أَعْظَمُهُمَا وَأَشْرَفُهُمَا« قَالَ قُلْتُ وَ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ قَالَ» هُوَ يَوْمٌ نُصِبَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِيهِ عَلَماً لِلنَّاسِ« فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لَنَا أَنْ نَصْنَعَ فِيهِ قَالَ» تَصُومُهُ يَا حَسَنُ وَتُكْثِرُ فِيهِ اَلصَّلاَةَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِهِ وَتَبَرَّأُ إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِمَّنْ ظَلَمَهُمْ وَ إِنَّ اَلْأَنْبِيَاءَ صَلَوَاتُُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ كَانَتْ تَأْمُرُ اَلْأَوْصِيَاءَ بِالْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي يُقَامُ فِيهِ اَلْوَصِيُّ أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ عِيداً« قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا لِمَنْ صَامَهُ قَالَ» صِيَامُ سِتِّينَ شَهْراً وَ لاَ تَدَعْ صِيَامَ سَبْعَةٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ فَإِنَّهُ اَلْيَوْمُ اَلَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ اَلنُّبُوَّةُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَ ثَوَابُهُ مِثْلُ سِتِّينَ شَهْراً لَكُمْ«.

And from him, from Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from al-Qasim ibn Yahya, from his grandfather al-Hasan ibn Rashid, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) said to Imam (a.s): “May I be made your ransom, do the Muslims have an Eid other than the two Eids?” – meaning Eid Al Fitr and Eid Al Adha. Imam (a.s) said: “Yes, O Hasan, one that is greatest of them and the most noble of all.” He (narrator) said: “I asked: ‘And which day is it?’” Imam (a.s) said: “It is the day on which Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, was appointed in it as a standard for the people.” – meaning Day of Ghadeer. So I said: “May I be made your ransom, and what is appropriate for us to do on it?” Imam (a.s) said: “You fast it, O Hasan, and you increase in it the sending of blessings upon Muhammad (saws) and his family, and you disassociate yourself to Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, from those who wronged them. And indeed the prophets (a.s), used to command the successors regarding the day on which the successor is established (Ghadeer), that it be taken as an Eid.” He (narrator) said: “I asked: ‘Then what is there for one who fasts it?’” Imam (a.s) said: “The fasting (equal) to that of sixty months. And do not leave fasting the twenty-seventh of Rajab, for it is the day on which prophethood came down upon Muhammad (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, and its reward is like sixty months (of fasting) for you.”

أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ اَلْهَمَذَانِيُّ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلتُّسْتَرِيُّ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَللَّيْثِ اَلْمَكِّيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْعَلَوِيُّ اَلْعُرَيْضِيُّ قَالَ: وَحَكَّ فِي صَدْرِي مَا اَلْأَيَّامُ اَلَّتِي تُصَامُ فَقَصَدْتُ مَوْلاَنَا أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ هُوَ بِصَرْبَا وَ لَمْ أُبْدِ ذَلِكَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِ اَللَّهِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا بَصُرَ بِي قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ» يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ جِئْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنِ اَلْأَيَّامِ اَلَّتِي يُصَامُ فِيهِنَّ وَ هِيَ أَرْبَعَةٌ أَوَّلُهُنَّ يَوْمُ اَلسَّابِعِ وَاَلْعِشْرِينَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ يَوْمٌ بَعَثَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى مُحَمَّداً صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ إِلَى خَلْقِهِ» رَحْمَةً لِلْعٰالَمِينَ« وَيَوْمُ مَوْلِدِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَهُوَ اَلسَّابِعَ عَشَرَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ اَلْأَوَّلِ وَ يَوْمُ اَلْخَامِسِ وَاَلْعِشْرِينَ مِنْ ذِي اَلْقَعْدَةِ فِيهِ دُحِيَتِ اَلْكَعْبَةُ وَ يَوْمُ اَلْغَدِيرِ فِيهِ أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ أَخَاهُ عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَماً لِلنَّاسِ وَ إِمَاماً مِنْ بَعْدِهِ« قُلْتُ صَدَقْتَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لِذَلِكَ قَصَدْتُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ حُجَّةُ اَللَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ.

Abu Abdullah ibn Ayyash said: Ahmad ibn Ziyad al-Hamadhani and Ali ibn Muhammad al-Tustari narrated to me, saying: Muhammad ibn al-Layth al-Makki narrated to us, saying: Abu Ishaq ibn Abdullah al-Alawi al-Uraydi narrated to me, saying: “And there was uncertainty in my chest regarding which days are to be fasted, so I went to our master Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad (a.s), peace be upon him, while he was in Sarba, and I did not disclose that (question) to anyone from the creation of Allah (swt). So I entered upon Imam (a.s), and when he saw me, the Imam (a.s), peace be upon him, said: “O Abu Ishaq, you have come to ask me about ‘the days on which fasting is observed’. These days of fasting are divided in four; (1) The first of them is the day of twenty-seventh of Rajab, the day on which Allah (swt), Exalted, sent Muhammad, may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, to His (swt) creation as a mercy to the worlds; (2) And the day of the birth of the Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, and it is the seventeenth of the month of Rabi al-Awwal; (3) And the day of the twenty-fifth of Dhu al-Qadah, in which the Ka’aba was spread out; (4) And the day of al-Ghadeer, in which the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, established his brother Imam Ali (a.s), peace be upon him, as a standard for the people and an Imam after him.” I (narrator) replied: “You have spoken the truth, may I be made your ransom. It is indeed for this reason that I came to you. I bear witness that you are indeed the Proof of Allah (swt) over His (swt) creation.”