Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ صَاحِبِ اَلسَّابِرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: »مَنْ فَطَّرَ صَائِماً فَلَهُ مِ ثْ لُ أَ جْ رِ هِ«.

Muhammad ibn Yaqub, from Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi Umayr, from Salamah, the companion of al-Sabiri, from Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “Whoever gives a fasting person food with which to break his fast, then he shall have the like of his reward.”

وَعَنْهُ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» فِطْرُكَ أَخَاكَ اَلصَّائِمَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صِيَامِكَ«.

And from him, from a number of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from his father, from Sa’adan ibn Muslim, from Musa ibn Bakr, from Abu al-Hasan (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “You giving your fasting brother food, with which to break his fast, is better than your fasting.”

وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» دَخَلَ سَدِيرٌ عَلَى أَبِي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ» يَا سَدِيرُ هَلْ تَدْرِي أَيُّ لَيَالٍ هَذِهِ« فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فِدَاكَ أَبِي هَذِهِ لَيَالِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَمَاذَا فَقَالَ لَهُ» أَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ تُعْتِقَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنَ اَللَّيَالِي عَشْرَ رِقَابٍ مِنْ وُلْدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ« فَقَالَ لَهُ سَدِيرٌ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي لاَ يَبْلُغُ مَالِي ذَلِكَ فَمَا زَالَ يُنْقِصُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ بِهِ رَقَبَةً وَاحِدَةً فِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ لاَ أَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ» فَمَا تَقْدِرُ أَنْ تُفَطِّرَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ رَجُلاً مُسْلِماً« فَقَالَ لَهُ بَلَى وَ عَشَرَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي» فَذَاكَ اَلَّذِي أَرَدْتُ يَا سَدِيرُ إِفْطَارُكَ أَخَاكَ اَلْمُسْلِمَ يَعْدِلُ رَقَبَةً مِنْ وُلْدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ««.

And from him, from Ali ibn Mahziyar, from Harun ibn Muslim, from Masadah ibn Sadaqah, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam (a.s) said: “Sadir entered upon my father (Imam al-Baqir (a.s)) in the month of Ramadan. And Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “O Sadir, do you know which nights these are?” So he (Sadir) said: “Yes, may my father be your ransom, these are the nights of the month of Ramadan. So what about it?” Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said to him: “Are you able to free, on every night of these nights, ten slaves from the children of Ismail?” So Sadir said to him: “May my father and my mother be your ransom, my wealth does not reach that.” Imam al-Baqir (a.s) continued reducing it until he brought it down to one slave, and in all of that he (Sadir) would say, ‘I am not able to do it.’ Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said to him: “Then are you not able to give, on every night, a Muslim man food with which to break his fast?” Sadir said to Imam al-Baqir (a.s): “Yes, and ten.” So my father (Imam al-Baqir (a.s)) said to Sadir: “That is what I intended, O Sadir. Your giving your Muslim brother food, with which to break his fast, is equal to freeing a slave from the children of Ismail.”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ:» مَنْ فَطَّرَ صَائِماً كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَ مَا عَمِلَ بِقُوَّةِ ذَلِكَ اَلطَّعَامِ مِنْ بِرٍّ«.

Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal, from Muhammad ibn Hammad ibn Zayd, from his father, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, from his father (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, said: ‘Whoever gives a fasting person food with which to break his fast, he shall have the like of his reward, without anything being diminished from it, and whatever righteousness he does through the strength of that food.’”

وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْوَرْدِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: »خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ فِي آخِرِ جُمُعَةٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَتَكَلَّمَ بِكَلاَمٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ »قَدْ أَظَلَّكُمْ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ مَنْ فَطَّرَ فِيهِ صَائِماً كَانَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ وَ مَغْفِرَةُ ذُنُوبِهِ فِيمَا مَضَى« قِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَيْسَ كُلُّنَا نَقْدِرُ أَنْ نُفَطِّرَ صَائِماً قَالَ» إِنَّ اَللَّهَ كَرِيمٌ يُعْطِي هَذَا اَلثَّوَابَ لِمَنْ لاَ يَقْدِرُ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَذْقَةٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ يُفَطِّرُ بِهَا صَائِماً أَوْ شَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ عَذْبٍ أَوْ تَمَرَاتٍ لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ««.

And from him, from Jafar ibn Uthman, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Abu Ayyub, from Abu al-Ward, from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, delivered a sermon on the last Friday of Shaban. The Prophet (saws) praised Allah (swt) and extolled Him (swt), and spoke some words, then said: ‘The month of Ramadan has come upon you. Whoever gives a fasting person food with which to break his fast in it, by that he shall have with Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, the freeing of a slave and forgiveness of his past sins.’ It was said to the Prophet (saws): “O Messenger of Allah (swt), not all of us are able to give a fasting person food with which to break his fast.” Prophet (saws) said: “Indeed, Allah (swt) is generous. He (swt) gives this reward to one who is not able except to provide a mixture of milk (madhqah) with which he gives a fasting person to break his fast, or a drink of fresh water, or some dates, and he is not able to provide more than that.”