Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ فُضَيْلٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« فِي صَلاَةِ اَلْخَوْفِ عِنْدَ اَلْمُطَارَدَةِ وَ اَلْمُنَاوَشَةِ وَ تَلاَحُمِ اَلْقِتَالِ فَإِنَّهُ يُصَلِّي كُلُّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ بِالْإِيمَاءِ حَيْثُ كَانَ وَجْهُهُ فَإِذَا كَانَتِ اَلْمُسَايَفَةُ وَ اَلْمُعَانَقَةُ وَ تَلاَحُمُ اَلْقِتَالِ فَإِنَّ أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لَيْلَةَ صِفِّينَ وَ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ اَلْهَرِيرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ صَلَّى بِهِمُ اَلظُّهْرَ وَ اَلْعَصْرَ وَ اَلْمَغْرِبَ وَ اَلْعِشَاءَ عِنْدَ وَقْتِ كُلِّ صَلاَةٍ إِلاَّ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ وَ اَلتَّهْلِيلِ وَ اَلتَّسْبِيحِ وَ اَلتَّمْجِيدِ وَ اَلدُّعَاءِ فَكَانَتْ تِلْكَ صَلاَتَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَأْمُرْهُمْ بِإِعَادَةِ اَلصَّلاَةِ»

Al-Husayn ibn Sa’id from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Umar ibn Udhaynah from Zurarah, Fudayl, and Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Baqir (a.s) said: “In the prayer of ‘al Khawf’ (prayer of fear) during pursuit, skirmishes, and the intensification of fighting, each person among them should pray by gesturing, wherever his face is. But when there is close combat, grappling, and intense fighting, then indeed the Commander of the Faithful (a.s), peace be upon him, on the night of Siffin and it was the night of al-Harir, had not led them in Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha at the time of each prayer; except with takbir (‘Allahu Akbar’), tahlil (‘La ilaha illa Allah’), tasbih (‘SubhanAllah’), tamjid (‘Al-hamdu lillah’), and supplication. So that was their prayer, and Imam Ali (a.s) did not command them to make up the prayer.”

وَ عَنْهُ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَلاَةِ اَلْقِتَالِ فَقَالَ« إِذَا اِلْتَقَوْا فَاقْتَتَلُوا فَإِنَّمَا اَلصَّلاَةُ حِينَئِذٍ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ وَ إِذَا كَانُوا وُقُوفاً فَالصَّلاَةُ إِيمَاءً»

And from him, from al-Hasan, from Zur’ah, from Sama’ah. He said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about the prayer during combat. Imam (a.s) said: “When they meet and engage in fighting, then at that time, the prayer is only with takbir. And if they are standing still, then the prayer is by gesturing.”

سَعْدٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« صَلاَةُ اَلزَّحْفِ عَلَى اَلظَّهْرِ إِيمَاءٌ بِرَأْسِكَ وَ تَكْبِيرٌ وَ اَلْمُسَايَفَةُ تَكْبِيرٌ مَعَ إِيمَاءٍ وَ اَلْمُطَارَدَةُ إِيمَاءٌ يُصَلِّي كُلُّ رَجُلٍ عَلَى حِيَالِهِ»

Sadd from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn Uthman from Ubaydullah ibn Ali al-Halabi from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The prayer during a march (of war), is performed at noon with gesturing by your head and with takbir, And during sword fighting, it is with takbir along with gesturing, And during pursuit it is by gesturing each man prays individually in his position.”

وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ وَ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« أَقَلُّ مَا يُجْزِي فِي حَدِّ اَلْمُسَايَفَةِ مِنَ اَلتَّكْبِيرِ تَكْبِيرَتَانِ لِكُلِّ صَلاَةٍ إِلاَّ صَلاَةَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ فَإِنَّ لَهَا ثَلاَثاً»

And from him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from his father from Abdillah ibn al-Mughirah, and from Ayyub ibn Nuh from Abdillah ibn al-Mughirah. He said: One of our companions narrated to me from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The minimum that suffices in the case of close combat (musayafah), in terms of takbir, is two takbirs for each prayer except for the Maghrib prayer, for it requires three.”