Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنِ الْمُتَمَتِّعِ إِذَا كَانَ شَيْخاً كَبِيراً أَوِ امْرَأَةً تَخَافُ الْحَيْضَ تُعَجِّلُ طَوَافَ الْحَجِّ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَ مِنًى فَقَالَ نَعَمْ مَنْ كَانَ هَكَذَا يُعَجِّلُ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُحْرِمُ بِالْحَجِّ مِنْ مَكَّةَ ثُمَّ يَرَى الْبَيْتَ خَالِياً فَيَطُوفُ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَقَالَ لا قُلْتُ الْمُفْرِدُ بِالْحَجِّ إِذَا طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَبِالصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ يُعَجِّلُ طَوَافَ النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ لا إِنَّمَا طَوَافُ النِّسَاءِ بَعْدَ مَا يَأْتِي مِنًى.

1. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is for al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) and he is an old man, or a woman who is afraid of experiencing Hayd (menses); if such people can perform Tawaf earlier before going to Mina’. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, those who are as such must do it earlier/ I then asked him (the Imam) about a man who assumes the state of Ihram in Makkah, then finds the House empty; so he performs Tawaf around the House and Sa‘y between al- Safa’ and al-Marwah; if he can perform Tawaf al-Nisa’ earlier. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, Tawaf al- Nisa’ is only after coming back from Mina.’” 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَدْخُلُ مَكَّةَ وَمَعَهُ نِسَاءٌ قَدْ أَمَرَهُنَّ فَتَمَتَّعْنَ قَبْلَ التَّرْوِيَةِ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاثَةٍ فَخَشِيَ عَلَى بَعْضِهِنَّ الْحَيْضَ فَقَالَ إِذَا فَرَغْنَ مِنْ مُتْعَتِهِنَّ وَأَحْلَلْنَ فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى الَّتِي يَخَافُ عَلَيْهَا الْحَيْضَ فَيَأْمُرُهَا تَغْتَسِلُ وَتُهِلُّ بِالْحَجِّ مِنْ مَكَانِهَا ثُمَّ تَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ وَبِالصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ فَإِنْ حَدَثَ بِهَا شَيْ‏ءٌ قَضَتْ بَقِيَّةَ الْمَنَاسِكِ وَهِيَ طَامِثٌ فَقُلْتُ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ بَقِيَ طَوَافُ النِّسَاءِ قَالَ بَلَى قُلْتُ فَهِيَ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ حَتَّى تَفْرُغَ مِنْهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَلِمَ لا تَتْرُكُهَا حَتَّى تَقْضِيَ مَنَاسِكَهَا قَالَ يَبْقَى عَلَيْهَا مَنْسَكٌ وَاحِدٌ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ أَنْ تَبْقَى عَلَيْهَا الْمَنَاسِكُ كُلُّهَا مَخَافَةَ الْحَدَثَانِ قُلْتُ أَبَى الْجَمَّالُ أَنْ يُقِيمَ عَلَيْهَا وَالرِّفْقَةُ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ تَسْتَعْدِي عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى يُقِيمَ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَطْهُرَ وَتَقْضِيَ مَنَاسِكَهَا.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who enters Makkah in the company of women whom he instructs to perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) to enjoy the advantage one or two or three days before al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajj ah) and is afraid about certain ones among them for experiencing Hayd (menses). He (the Imam) said, ‘When they are free from the period of advantage, he must examine the case of those for whom he is afraid of Hayd (menses). He can instruct them to take Ghusl (bath) and say Talbiyah for al-Hajj from their place, then perform Tawaf around the House and Sa‘y between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah; if something happens to her, she completes the rest of the acts of al-Hajj in her condition of experiencing Hayd (menses).’ I then asked, ‘Is Tawaf al-Nisa’ left out?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is left out.’ I then asked, ‘Is she on hold until completing it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, she is on hold.’ I then asked, ‘Why she then leaves it out until completing other acts?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Leaving one act is easier for her than leaving out all acts because of fear for something to happen (Hayd (menses)).’ I then asked, ‘What happens if the camel man and other travel-mates do not wait for her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They cannot do so. She can ask for their support to stay for her so that she becomes clean to perform her act (that is left out).”’ 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَمُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ وَحَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِتَعْجِيلِ الطَّوَافِ لِلشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ تَخَافُ الْحَيْضَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ إِلَى مِنًى.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy and Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar and Hammad from al-Halabiy, all have said from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who said, ‘There is no harm for an old man and a woman who is afraid of experiencing menses to perform Tawaf before leaving for Mina’ (meaning, they're allowed to do it).’

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ كَانَ مُتَمَتِّعاً وَأَهَلَّ بِالْحَجِّ قَالَ لا يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ عَرَفَاتٍ فَإِذَا هُوَ طَافَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ مِنًى مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ فَلا يَعْتَدَّ بِذَلِكَ الطَّوَافِ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is for al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) and has said Talbiyah for al-Hajj. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must not perform Tawaf until he attends ‘Arafah; if he performs Tawaf before attending Mina’ without illness, that Tawaf is not counted.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَقُولُ لا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعَجِّلَ الشَّيْخُ الْكَبِيرُ وَالْمَرِيضُ وَالْمَرْأَةُ وَالْمَعْلُولُ طَوَافَ الْحَجِّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِلَى مِنًى. 

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from ‘Isma‘il ibn ‘Abd al-Khaliq who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.), say, ‘It is not harmful for old people, people suffering from illness, women and people with defect to perform Tawaf before leaving for Mina” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 159