Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الأَعْرَجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنَّ قُرَيْشاً لَمَّا هَدَمُوا الْكَعْبَةَ وَجَدُوا فِي قَوَاعِدِهِ حَجَراً فِيهِ كِتَابٌ لَمْ يُحْسِنُوا قِرَاءَتَهُ حَتَّى دَعَوْا رَجُلاً فَقَرَأَهُ فَإِذَا فِيهِ أَنَا الله ذُو بَكَّةَ حَرَّمْتُهَا يَوْمَ خَلَقْتُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ وَوَضَعْتُهَا بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ الْجَبَلَيْنِ وَحَفَفْتُهَا بِسَبْعَةِ أَمْلاكٍ حَفّاً.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Nu’aman from Sa‘id al-’A‘raj who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when Quraysh demolished al-Ka‘bah, they found in its foundations a stone with a writing on it which could not be read properly. They found a man who was able to read and this was written on it, ‘I am Allah, owner of Bakkah, which I made sacred on the day I created the skies and earth. I placed it between these two hills and made seven angels to guard it.’” 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَقُولُ حَرَّمَ الله حَرَمَهُ أَنْ يُخْتَلَى خَلاهُ أَوْ يُعْضَدَ شَجَرُهُ إِلاَّ الإِذْخِرَ أَوْ يُصَادَ طَيْرُهُ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), say, ‘Allah has made His House sacred. He has prohibited uprooting of its grass, cutting down of its trees, except al-Idhkhir, and hunting its birds.’” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ افْتَتَحَهَا فَتَحَ بَابَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَأَمَرَ بِصُوَرٍ فِي الْكَعْبَةِ فَطُمِسَتْ فَأَخَذَ بِعِضَادَتَيِ الْبَابِ فَقَالَ لا إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله وَحْدَهُ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ صَدَقَ وَعْدَهُ وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ وَهَزَمَ الأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ مَا ذَا تَقُولُونَ وَمَا ذَا تَظُنُّونَ قَالُوا نَظُنُّ خَيْراً وَنَقُولُ خَيْراً أَخٌ كَرِيمٌ وَابْنُ أَخٍ كَرِيمٍ وَقَدْ قَدَرْتَ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ أَخِي يُوسُفُ لا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ الله لَكُمْ وَهُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ أَلا إِنَّ الله قَدْ حَرَّمَ مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ فَهِيَ حَرَامٌ بِحَرَامِ الله إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لا يُنَفَّرُ صَيْدُهَا وَلا يُعْضَدُ شَجَرُهَا وَلا يُخْتَلَى خَلاهَا وَلا تَحِلُّ لُقَطَتُهَا إِلاَّ لِمُنْشِدٍ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ يَا رَسُولَ الله إِلاَّ الإِذْخِرَ فَإِنَّهُ لِلْقَبْرِ وَالْبُيُوتِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِلاَّ الإِذْخِرَ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, arrived in Makkah on the day of its liberation, he opened the door of al-Ka‘bah and ordered the pictures that were on the walls deleted. He was then holding the doorjamb on both sides and said, ‘No one except Allah deserves worship. He is the only One and has no partner. He makes His promise to come true, supports His servant, defeats the parties all by Himself alone. What do you say and what do you think?’ They replied, ‘We think good and say good about you. You are gracious brethren, the son of gracious brethren and you now certainly are powerful.’ He then said, ‘I then say what my brother Yusuf (Joseph) had said, “I place no blame on you this day. Allah forgives and He is most merciful of the merciful ones.” (12:96) However, Allah made Makkah a sacred place on the day He created the skies and earth. Therefore, it is sacred because of Allah’s prohibition until the Day of Judgment. Hunting in it is not permissible; cutting its trees is not permissible; uprooting its grass is not permissible; and keeping findings therein is not permissible unless it is to find the owner.’ Al- ‘Abbas then said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, ‘Is al-Idhkhir an exception? It is used for burial and houses.’ The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, said, ‘al-Idhkhir is an exception.’” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ إِنَّ الله حَرَّمَ مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ وَهِيَ حَرَامٌ إِلَى أَنْ تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لأَحَدٍ قَبْلِي وَلا تَحِلُّ لأَحَدٍ بَعْدِي وَلَمْ تَحِلَّ لِي إِلاَّ سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ. 

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “He (the Imam) has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, on the day of liberation of Makkah said, ‘Allah made Makkah sacred (restricted) on the day He created the skies and earth and it remains sacred until the Hour of doom. It never was unsacred (unrestricted) for anyone before me, it will never be unsacred for anyone after me, and it is not unsacred (unrestricted) for me except for one hour during the day (to deal with the enemy).”’ 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 12