Al-Kāfi - Volume 4


Book 3, Chapter 114

The Case of One Who Hunts in the Sacred Area in the State of al-’ Ihram
6 Aḥadīth

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنْ قَتَلَ الْمُحْرِمُ حَمَامَةً فِي الْحَرَمِ فَعَلَيْهِ شَاةٌ وَثَمَنُ الْحَمَامَةِ دِرْهَمٌ أَوْ شِبْهُهُ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ أَوْ يُطْعِمُهُ حَمَامَ مَكَّةَ فَإِنْ قَتَلَهَا فِي الْحَرَمِ وَلَيْسَ بِمُحْرِمٍ فَعَلَيْهِ ثَمَنُهَا.


1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a pigeon in al-Haram (the sacred area), he owes one sheep as expiation. The cost of a pigeon is one dirham or so, which must be given as charity or to feed thereby the pigeons of Makkah. If one kills it in al-Haram (the sacred area) and is not in the state of Ihram he owes its cost only.’”

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَكَلَ بَيْضَ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ لِكُلِّ بَيْضَةٍ دَمٌ وَعَلَيْهِ ثَمَنُهَا سُدُسُ أَوْ رُبُعُ الدِّرْهَمِ الْوَهْمُ مِنْ صَالِحٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الدِّمَاءَ لَزِمَتْهُ لأَكْلِهِ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ وَإِنَّ الْجَزَاءَ لَزِمَهُ لأَخْذِهِ بَيْضَ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ.


2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-ffusayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from Salih ibn ’Uqbah from al- Harith ibn al-Mughirah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), about a man who while in the state of Ihram eats the egg of pigeons of al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one animal offering for each egg as well as the cost of each egg which is about one-sixth or one-fourth of one dirham in a settlement.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘The animal offering is obligatory because of his eating them in the state of Ihram and the penalty of payment of the cost of eggs is because of his taking them in al- Haram (the sacred area).”’

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ مُحْرِمٍ مَرَّ وَهُوَ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَأَخَذَ عُنُقَ ظَبْيَةٍ فَاحْتَلَبَهَا وَشَرِبَ مِنْ لَبَنِهَا قَالَ عَلَيْهِ دَمٌ وَجَزَاؤُهُ فِي الْحَرَمِ ثَمَنُ اللَّبَنِ.


3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-Husayn from Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from Salih ibn ’Uqbah from Yazid ibn ’Abd al-Malik who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), about a man who in the state of Ihram in al-Haram (the sacred area), takes hold of deer, draws its milk and drinks it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one Dam (slaughtering of an animal as offering) and the penalty for doing it in al-Haram (the sacred area) is payment of its cost.’”

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ وَابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنْ أَصَبْتَ الصَّيْدَ وَأَنْتَ حَرَامٌ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَالْفِدَاءُ مُضَاعَفٌ عَلَيْكَ وَإِنْ أَصَبْتَهُ وَأَنْتَ حَلالٌ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَقِيمَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ وَإِنْ أَصَبْتَهُ وَأَنْتَ حَرَامٌ فِي الْحِلِّ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ فِدَاءٌ وَاحِدٌ.


4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan and Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu’awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), has said, ‘If you kill a prey while you are in the state of Ihram in al-Haram (the sacred area), ransom is double. If you kill a prey when you are not in the state of Ihram but it is in al-Haram (the sacred area), you owe only its cost. If you kill it while you are in the state of Ihram in non-al-Haram (the sacred area) you owe only one ransom.’”

5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ الْجَزَاءُ مُضَاعَفاً فِيمَا دُونَ الْبَدَنَةِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْبَدَنَةَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَ الْبَدَنَةَ فَلا تُضَاعَفُ لأَنَّهُ أَعْظَمُ مَا يَكُونُ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَمَنْ يُعَظِّمْ شَعائِرَ الله فَإِنَّها مِنْ تَقْوَى الْقُلُوبِ.


5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s), has said, ‘Penalty is double only within what is less than badanah. Once it reaches the level of badanah, it then does not double because it is the greatest (animal as offering) that can (possibily) be. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, ‘Those who maintain greatness for the reminders of Allah is because of piousness of the hearts.’” (22:33)

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ الْحَنَّاطِ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ مُحْرِمٌ قَتَلَ طَيْراً فِيمَا بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ عَمْداً قَالَ عَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ وَالْجَزَاءُ وَيُعَزَّرُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ فَعَلَهُ فِي الْكَعْبَةِ عَمْداً قَالَ عَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ وَالْجَزَاءُ وَيُضْرَبُ دُونَ الْحَدِّ وَيُقَامُ لِلنَّاسِ كَيْ يَنْكُلَ غَيْرُهُ.


6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad al-Hannat from Humran ibn ‘A’yan who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s). ‘What is the law about a man, who intentionally kills a bird between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah, while in the state of Ihram?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes ransom, penalty and he must be reprimanded.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if one intentionally does it in al-Ka‘bah?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes ransom, penalty and reprimanding below hadd (a measure of legal physical punishment) in public sight to make it a lesson for the others.’”