Al-Kāfi

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ صَلَوَاتُ الله عَلَيْهِمَا لِيُنْفِقِ الرَّجُلُ بِالْقَصْدِ وَبُلْغَةِ الْكَفَافِ وَيُقَدِّمُ مِنْهُ فَضْلاً لآِخِرَتِهِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَبْقَى لِلنِّعْمَةِ وَأَقْرَبُ إِلَى الْمَزِيدِ مِنَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَأَنْفَعُ فِي الْعَافِيَةِ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from Burayd ibn Mu‘awiyah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.), has said, ’One should spend moderately to a sufficient limit and send the extra for his next life. This is a better conservation of bounties, closer to its increase from Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, and more beneficial for good health (or consequences).’”

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنَّ الْقَصْدَ أَمْرٌ يُحِبُّهُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَإِنَّ السَّرَفَ أَمْرٌ يُبْغِضُهُ الله حَتَّى طَرْحَكَ النَّوَاةَ فَإِنَّهَا تَصْلُحُ لِلشَّيْ‏ءِ وَحَتَّى صَبَّكَ فَضْلَ شَرَابِكَ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Salih ibn al-Sindiy from Ja’far ibn Bashir from Dawud al-Riqqiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that moderation is a matter that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, loves, and extravagance is a thing that Allah hates. It applies even to one’s throwing the stone inside the piece of a date; it can be useful for something, and to throwing the leftover of what you drink.’”

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَيَسْئَلُونَكَ ما ذا يُنْفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ قَالَ الْعَفْوُ الْوَسَطُ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from certain individuals of his people who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘They ask you about what should spend (for the sake of Allah). Say, “It is disregarding. . .’” (2: 219), Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The word “al-‘Afw (disregarding)” refers to spending moderately.’”

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ الله عَلَيْهِ الْقَصْدُ مَثْرَاةٌ وَالسَّرَفُ مَتْوَاةٌ.

4. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated in a marfu‘ manner who has said the following: “’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘Moderation leads to increase, and extravagance leads to destruction.’”

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) ثَلاثٌ مُنْجِيَاتٌ فَذَكَرَ الثَّالِثُ الْقَصْدُ فِي الْغِنَى وَالْفَقْرِ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mansur ibn Yunus from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.), has said, the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Three things work as means of salvation for a person and he described moderation, in both poverty and financial well-being, to be one of such means.’”

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ عَنْ مُدْرِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الْهَزْهَازِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ ضَمِنْتُ لِمَنِ اقْتَصَدَ أَنْ لا يَفْتَقِرَ.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from ‘Umar ibn Aban from Mudrik ibn abu al-Hazhaz who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘I guarantee safety from poverty in favor of one who observes moderation (in spending).”

7ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ اللَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَنْفَقَ مَا فِي يَدَيْهِ فِي سَبِيلٍ مِنْ سَبِيلِ الله مَا كَانَ أَحْسَنَ وَلا وُفِّقَ أَ لَيْسَ يَقُولُ الله تَعَالَى وَلا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ وَأَحْسِنُوا إِنَّ الله يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ يَعْنِي الْمُقْتَصِدِينَ.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from Yunus ibn Ya’qub from Hammad (ibn Waqid) al-Lahham who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that all kinds of one’s spending for the sake of Allah, on any one of His causes, is not a good or successful spending. Allah, the most High says, ‘You must not throw yourselves in perdition. Do good; Allah loves those who do good.’ (2:195) “Doers of good” refers to those who observe moderation in spending.”

8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مَرْوَكِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عُبَيْدٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَا عُبَيْدُ إِنَّ السَّرَفَ يُورِثُ الْفَقْرَ وَإِنَّ الْقَصْدَ يُورِثُ الْغِنَى.

8. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Marwak ibn ‘Ubayd from his father, ‘Ubayd who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘O ‘Ubayd, excessive spending causes poverty but moderation leads to wealth.’”

9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) مَا عَالَ امْرُؤٌ فِي اقْتِصَادٍ.

9. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from Muhammad ibn Ali from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from Musa ibn Bakr who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan (a.s.), once said, ‘With moderation, one does not suffer poverty.’”

10ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ إِنَّا نَكُونُ فِي طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ فَنُرِيدُ الإِحْرَامَ فَنَطَّلِي وَلا تَكُونُ مَعَنَا نُخَالَةٌ نَتَدَلَّكُ بِهَا مِنَ النُّورَةِ فَنَتَدَلَّكُ بِالدَّقِيقِ وَقَدْ دَخَلَنِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا الله أَعْلَمُ بِهِ فَقَالَ أَ مَخَافَةَ الإِسْرَافِ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ فِيمَا أَصْلَحَ الْبَدَنَ إِسْرَافٌ إِنِّي رُبَّمَا أَمَرْتُ بِالنَّقِيِّ فَيُلَتُّ بِالزَّيْتِ فَأَتَدَلَّكُ بِهِ إِنَّمَا الإِسْرَافُ فِيمَا أَفْسَدَ الْمَالَ وَأَضَرَّ بِالْبَدَنِ قُلْتُ فَمَا الإِقْتَارُ قَالَ أَكْلُ الْخُبْزِ وَالْمِلْحِ وَأَنْتَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ قُلْتُ فَمَا الْقَصْدُ قَالَ الْخُبْزُ وَاللَّحْمُ وَاللَّبَنُ وَالْخَلُّ وَالسَّمْنُ مَرَّةً هَذَا وَمَرَّةً هَذَا.

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and a number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Ishaq ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz from certain individuals of his people who has said the following: “Once, I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘On our way to Makkah, we wanted to wear the special dress for Ihram (a certain act of Hajj), but we did not have proper material for shaving, and we did not have bran or flour to use in place of lime. We used flour for this purpose. Allah knows that I had a strange feeling about it.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Was your strange feeling for excessive spending?’ I replied, ‘Yes, that is true.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘There is not anything excessive in what is spent for the wellbeing of the body. I sometimes ask (my people) to mix marrow with oil to use for shaving. Excessive spending is when something that one owns is wasted and the body is harmed.’ I then asked, ‘What is living in austerity?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is living on bread and salt only, when you are able to use other food.’ I then asked, ‘What is moderation?’ He replied, ‘It is moderation when you use bread, meat, vinegar and oil; one time this and next time the other.’”

11ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مَرْوَكِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا جَادَ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى عَلَيْكُمْ فَجُودُوا وَإِذَا أَمْسَكَ عَنْكُمْ فَأَمْسِكُوا وَلا تُجَاوِدُوا الله فَهُوَ الأَجْوَدُ.

11. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Marwak ibn ‘Ubayd from Rifa’ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when Allah, the most Blessed, the most High, gives to you generously, be generous to yourselves; when He withholds, you should also do so, but do not try to surpass Him; He is more generous than you are.”

12ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنِ اقْتَصَدَ فِي مَعِيشَتِهِ رَزَقَهُ الله وَمَنْ بَذَّرَ حَرَمَهُ الله.

12. Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from Muhammad ibn Ali (al-Sayrafiy) from ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Whoever maintains moderation, Allah grants him sustenance, but He deprives one who spends excessively.’”

13ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَقُولُ الرِّفْقُ نِصْفُ الْعَيْشِ وَمَا عَالَ امْرُؤٌ فِي اقْتِصَادِهِ.

13. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Hassan from Musa ibn Bakr who has said the following: “I heard abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), say, ‘Easing off in spending is half of one’s sustenance, and with observance of moderation, one does not become poor.’”