Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ خُنَيْسٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِنَّ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ دَيْناً عَلَى رَجُلٍ قَدْ مَاتَ وَقَدْ كَلَّمْنَاهُ أَنْ يُحَلله فَأَبَى فَقَالَ وَيْحَهُ أَ مَا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ بِكُلِّ دِرْهَمٍ عَشَرَةً إِذَا حَلله فَإِذَا لَمْ يُحَلله فَإِنَّمَا لَهُ دِرْهَمٌ بَدَلَ دِرْهَمٍ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from al-Hassan ibn Khunays who has said the following: “Once I said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A man who died had borrowed (money) from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Sayabah, whom we asked to waive the loan in favor of the dead person, but he refused. He (the Imam) said, “Woe is upon him! Why does he not realize that for every dirham, he can receive the reward for ten dirhams, were he to waive it in favor of the dead person? In not waiving the loan in favor of the dead person, he can only receive the reward of one dirham for every dirham.’”” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاءِ عَنْ مُعَتِّبٍ قَالَ دَخَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْوَشَّاءُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَ شِهَاباً أَنْ يُخَفِّفَ عَنْهُ حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ الْمَوْسِمُ وَكَانَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ حَالَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَانْقِطَاعَهُ إِلَيْنَا وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ لَمْ تَذْهَبْ فِي بَطْنٍ وَلا فَرْجٍ وَإِنَّمَا ذَهَبَتْ دَيْناً عَلَى الرِّجَالِ وَوَضَائِعَ وَضَعَهَا وَأَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَجْعَلَهُ فِي حِلٍّ فَقَالَ لَعَلَّكَ مِمَّنْ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ يُقْبَضُ مِنْ حَسَنَاتِهِ فَتُعْطَاهَا فَقَالَ كَذَلِكَ فِي أَيْدِينَا فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) الله أَكْرَمُ وَأَعْدَلُ مِنْ أَنْ يَتَقَرَّبَ إِلَيْهِ عَبْدُهُ فَيَقُومَ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الْقَرَّةِ أَوْ يَصُومَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الْحَارِّ أَوْ يَطُوفَ بِهَذَا الْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ يَسْلُبُهُ ذَلِكَ فَيُعْطَاهُ وَلَكِنْ لله فَضْلٌ كَثِيرٌ يُكَافِي الْمُؤْمِنَ فَقَالَ فَهُوَ فِي حِلٍّ. 

2. Ali ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from those whom he his mentioned (in his book) from al-Walid ibn abu a I - ‘ A I a ’ from Mu’attib who has said the following: “Once Muhammad ibn Bishr al-Washsha’ came to visit abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asking the Imam to speak to Shihab to relieve him of repayment of a loan until the end of the time for Hajj. He owed him one thousand dinars. The Imam sent someone to call him. He (Shihab) came and the Imam said to him, ‘As you know Muhammad’s condition, he has cut off his association with others to keep himself close to us. He has mentioned he owes you one thousand dinars. These (dinars) are not consumed or spent on marriage. They are payable as loan to men. I wish you to waive it in his favor.’ He (Imam) then said, ‘You perhaps think that He will take from his (borrower’s) good deeds and give it to you.’ He (Shihab) said, ‘That is what we are told would happen.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘Allah is most Honorable and Just. How would He take away the good deeds of one of His servants who stands up for worship on cold nights, fasts on hot days, and walks seven times around the house (Ka‘bah), and give it away to another? In fact, Allah has a great deal of extra blessings to compensate a believing person.’ He (Shihab) said, ‘He is free (I waive the loan in his favor).”’ 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 1, Chapter 31