Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

5182 - رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي بَعْضِ حُجُرَاتِهِ إِذَا اِطَّلَعَ رَجُلٌ فِي شِقِّ اَلْبَابِ وَ بِيَدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مِذْرَاةٌ فَقَالَ "لَوْ كُنْتُ قَرِيباً مِنْكَ لَفَقَأْتُ بِهِ عَيْنَكَ" ".

Hadith.5182 - Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "While the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) was in one of his rooms, a man peeked through a crack in the door. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) had a combing stick in his hand and said: 'If I were close to you, I would have gouged out your eye with it.'"

5183 - وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْجَوْهَرِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ اِطَّلَعَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ لِيَنْظُرَ إِلَى عَوْرَاتِهِمْ فَرَمَوْهُ فَقَتَلُوهُ أَوْ جَرَحُوهُ أَوْ فَقَئُوا عَيْنَهُ فَقَالَ "لاَ دِيَةُ لَهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اِطَّلَعَ رَجُلٌ فِي حُجْرَتِهِ مِنْ خِلاَلِهَا فَجَاءَهُ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِمِشْقَصٍ لِيَفْقَأَ بِهِ عَيْنَهُ فَوَجَدَهُ قَدِ اِنْطَلَقَ فَنَادَاهُ "يَا خَبِيثُ لَوْ ثَبَتَّ لِي لَفَقَأْتُ عَيْنَكَ بِهِ" ".

Hadith.5183 - Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad Al-Jawhari narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who spies on a group of people to look at their private matters, and they strike him, killing him, injuring him, or gouging out his eye. Imam (as) said: "There is no blood money (diyyah) for him. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) once had a man peep into his room through a crack, so the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) approached him with an arrowhead to gouge out his eye, but he found that the man had left. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) then called out to him, saying: 'O' wicked one! Had you remained there, I would have gouged out your eye with it.'"

5184 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ قَتَلَهُ اَلْقِصَاصُ فَلاَ دِيَةَ لَهُ".

Hadith.5184 - Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) and Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever is killed through legal retribution (qisas), there is no blood money (diyyah) for him."

5185 - وَ رَوَى هِشَامُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ بَدَأَ فَاعْتَدَى فَاعْتُدِيَ عَلَيْهِ فَلاَ قَوَدَ لَهُ".

Hadith.5185 - Hisham ibn Salim narrated from Sulayman ibn Khalid, who said: Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Whoever initiates aggression and is then retaliated against, there is no retribution (qisas) for him."

5186 - وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَسْقُطُ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ فَيَقْتُلُهُ قَالَ "لاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.5186 - Al-Alaa narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of the two Imams (peace be upon them) regarding a man who accidentally falls onto another man and kills him. Imam (as) said: "There is nothing upon him (no liability)."

5187 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "كَانَ صِبْيَانٌ فِي زَمَنِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَلْعَبُونَ بِأَخْطَارٍ لَهُمْ فَرَمَى أَحَدُهُمْ بِخَطَرِهِ فَدَقَّ رَبَاعِيَةَ صَاحِبِهِ فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَقَامَ اَلرَّامِي اَلْبَيِّنَةَ بِأَنَّهُ قَدْ قَالَ حَذَارِ فَدَرَأَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْهُ اَلْقِصَاصَ ثُمَّ قَالَ "قَدْ أَعْذَرَ مَنْ حَذَّرَ" ".

Hadith.5187 - Muhammad ibn Al-Fudayl narrated from Abu Al-Ṣabbah Al-Kinani from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), who said: "During the time of the Commander of the Faithful (as), some children were playing with their arrows. One of them shot his arrow and broke his companion's front tooth. The matter was brought to the Commander of the Faithful (as). The shooter presented evidence that he had warned by saying, 'Be careful!' So, the Commander of the Faithful (as) dismissed the retribution (qisas) from him and then said: 'The one who gives a warning has fulfilled his responsibility.'"

5188 - وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: فِي رَجُلٍ أَرَادَ اِمْرَأَةً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا حَرَاماً فَرَمَتْهُ بِحَجَرٍ فَأَصَابَتْ مِنْهُ مَقْتَلاً قَالَ "لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا شَيْءٌ فِيمَا بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنْ قُدِّمَتْ إِلَى إِمَامٍ عَدْلٍ أَهْدَرَ دَمَهُ".

Hadith.5188 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who said: I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say regarding a man who tried to force himself unlawfully upon a woman, and she struck him with a stone, causing his death. Imam (as) said: "There is nothing upon her in what is between her and Allah (swt), the Majestic. And if she is brought before a just Imam, he will dismiss his (attackers') blood (declare it as wasted)."

5189 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ عَدَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ لِيَضْرِبَهُ فَدَفَعَهُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ فَجَرَحَهُ أَوْ قَتَلَهُ فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ".

Hadith.5189 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "If any man attacks another man to strike him, and the latter defends himself and injures or kills the attacker, then there is nothing upon him (no liability)."

5190 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ مَجْنُوناً قَالَ إِنْ "كَانَ أَرَادَهُ فَدَفَعَهُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ فَقَتَلَهُ فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ قَوَدٍ وَ لاَ دِيَةٍ وَ يُعْطَى وَرَثَتُهُ دِيَتَهُ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ " قَالَ "فَإِنْ كَانَ قَتَلَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ اَلْمَجْنُونُ أَرَادَهُ فَلاَ قَوَدَ لِمَنْ لاَ يُقَادُ مِنْهُ وَ أَرَى أَنَّ عَلَى قَاتِلِهِ اَلدِّيَةَ فِي مَالِهِ يَدْفَعُهَا إِلَى وَرَثَةِ اَلْمَجْنُونِ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ".

Hadith.5190 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who killed a mentally ill person. Imam (as) said: "If the mentally ill person had intended to harm him and the man defended himself and killed him, then there is neither retribution (qisas) nor blood money (diyyah) upon him. However, his heirs should be given the blood money from the public treasury (Bayt Al-Mal) of the Muslims." Imam (as) further said: "But if the man killed him without the mentally ill person intending to harm him, then there is no retribution for someone who cannot be avenged, but I believe that the killer must pay the blood money from his own wealth to the heirs of the mentally ill person. He must also seek forgiveness from Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, and repent to Him (swt)."

5191 - وَ رَوَى جَعْفَرُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ مُعَلًّى أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ غَشِيَتْهُ دَابَّةٌ فَأَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَطَأَهُ وَ خَشِيَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا فَزَجَرَ اَلدَّابَّةَ فَنَفَرَتْ بِصَاحِبِهَا فَصَرَعَتْهُ فَكَانَ جُرْحٌ أَوْ غَيْرُهُ فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ ضَمَانٌ إِنَّمَا زَجَرَ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ هِيَ اَلْجُبَارُ".

Hadith.5191 - Jafar ibn Bashir narrated from Mualla Abu Uthman from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who was approached by an animal that was about to trample him, and fearing harm from it, he shouted at the animal, causing it to panic and throw off its rider, resulting in injury or something similar. Imam (as) said: "There is no liability upon him. He merely repelled the harm from himself, and the animal (dabbah) is considered Al-jubar (i.e., its resulting harm carries no compensation)."

5192 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "عَوْرَةُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى اَلْمُؤْمِنِ حَرَامٌ" وَ قَالَ "مَنِ اِطَّلَعَ عَلَى مُؤْمِنٍ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ فَعَيْنَاهُ مُبَاحَتَانِ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ فِي تِلْكَ اَلْحَالِ وَ مَنْ دَمَرَ عَلَى مُؤْمِنٍ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ فَدَمُهُ مُبَاحٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ فِي تِلْكَ اَلْحَالِ وَ مَنْ جَحَدَ نَبِيّاً مُرْسَلاً نُبُوَّتَهُ وَ كَذَّبَهُ فَدَمُهُ مُبَاحٌ" قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَنْ جَحَدَ اَلْإِمَامَ مِنْكُمْ مَا حَالُهُ فَقَالَ "مَنْ جَحَدَ إِمَاماً بَرِئَ مِنَ اَللَّهِ وَ بَرِئَ مِنْهُ وَ مِنْ دِينِهِ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ مُرْتَدٌّ عَنِ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ لِأَنَّ اَلْإِمَامَ مِنَ اَللَّهِ وَ دِينَهُ دِينُ اَللَّهِ وَ مَنْ بَرِئَ مِنْ دِينِ اَللَّهِ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ وَ دَمُهُ مُبَاحٌ فِي تِلْكَ اَلْحَالِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ وَ يَتُوبَ إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِمَّا قَالَ " قَالَ "وَ مَنْ فَتَكَ بِمُؤْمِنٍ يُرِيدُ مَالَهُ وَ نَفْسَهُ فَدَمُهُ مُبَاحٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ فِي تِلْكَ اَلْحَالِ".

Hadith.5192 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "The privacy (awrah) of a believer is forbidden upon another believer." Imam (as) also said: "Whoever spies on a believer in his home, his eyes are lawful to the believer in that situation. Whoever forcefully enters upon a believer in his home without his permission, his blood is lawful to the believer in that situation. And whoever denies the Prophethood of a divinely sent prophet and rejects him, his blood is lawful." I then asked Imam (as): "What about someone who rejects the Imam from among you (Ahlulbayt (as)) - what is his status?" Imam (as) replied: "Whoever rejects an Imam has disassociated from Allah (swt), and Allah (swt) has disassociated from him, as well as from his religion. He is a disbeliever, an apostate from Islam, because the Imam is appointed by Allah (swt), and his religion is the religion of Allah (swt). Whoever disassociates from the religion of Allah (swt) is a disbeliever, and his blood is lawful in that situation unless he repents and returns to Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, from what he has said." Imam (as) further said: "Whoever attacks a believer intending to harm his wealth or his life, his blood is lawful to the believer in that situation."

5193 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَقَعُ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ فَيَقْتُلُهُ فَمَاتَ اَلْأَعْلَى قَالَ "لاَ شَيْءَ عَلَى اَلْأَسْفَلِ".

Hadith.5193 - Ibn Faddal narrated from Ibn Bukayr from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who falls upon another man and kills him, and the one on top dies. Imam (as) said: "There is no liability upon the one below."