Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

3331 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي شَهَادَةِ اَلزُّورِ قَالَ "إِذَا كَانَ اَلشَّيْءُ قَائِماً بِعَيْنِهِ رُدَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ قَائِماً ضَمِنَ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَتْلَفَ مِنْ مَالِ اَلرَّجُلِ ".

Hadith.3331 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Jamil ibn Darraj from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding false testimony. Imam (as) said: "If the thing is present in its original form, it is returned to its owner. But if it is no longer present, then the false witness is liable for the value of what he caused to be lost from the man's property."

3332 - وَ رَوَى سَمَاعَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "شُهُودُ اَلزُّورِ يُجْلَدُونَ حَدّاً وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَقْتٌ ذَلِكَ إِلَى اَلْإِمَامِ وَ يُطَافُ بِهِمْ حَتَّى يُعْرَفُوا وَ لاَ يَعُودُوا " قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ تَابُوا وَ أَصْلَحُوا أَ تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَتُهُمْ بَعْدُ فَقَالَ "إِذَا تَابُوا تَابَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ قُبِلَتْ شَهَادَتُهُمْ بَعْدُ".

Hadith.3332 - Sama'ah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "False witnesses are subjected to flogging as a punishment, and its extent is determined by the Imam. They are paraded publicly so that they may be recognized and refrain from repeating the act." I said: "If they repent and reform, will their testimony be accepted afterward?" Imam (as) said: "If they repent, Allah (swt) accepts their repentance, and their testimony will be accepted thereafter."

3333 - وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِذَا أَخَذَ شَاهِدَ زُورٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ غَرِيباً بَعَثَ بِهِ إِلَى حَيِّهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ سُوقِيّاً بَعَثَ بِهِ إِلَى سُوقِهِ ثُمَّ يُطِيفُ بِهِ ثُمَّ يَحْبِسُهُ أَيَّاماً ثُمَّ يُخَلِّي سَبِيلَهُ.

Hadith.3333 - It is reported that when Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) apprehended a false witness, if the person was a stranger, he would send him back to his tribe. If the person was a tradesman, Imam (as) would send him to his marketplace. Then Imam (as) would parade him publicly, imprison him for a few days, and afterward release him.

3334 - وَ رَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اِمْرَأَةٍ شَهِدَ عِنْدَهَا شَاهِدَانِ بِأَنَّ زَوْجَهَا مَاتَ فَتَزَوَّجَتْ ثُمَّ جَاءَ زَوْجُهَا اَلْأَوَّلُ قَالَ "لَهَا اَلْمَهْرُ بِمَا اِسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا اَلْأَخِيرُ وَ يُضْرَبُ اَلشَّاهِدَانِ اَلْحَدَّ وَ يُضَمَّنَانِ اَلْمَهْرَ بِمَا غَرَّا اَلرَّجُلَ ثُمَّ تَعْتَدُّ وَ تَرْجِعُ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا اَلْأَوَّلِ".

Hadith.3334 - Ibrahim ibn Abdul Hamid reported from Abu Basir, who narrated from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a woman for whom two witnesses testified that her husband had died. She then remarried, but later her first husband returned. Imam (as) said: "The second husband owes her the dowry because he lawfully enjoyed her intimacy. The two witnesses are to be given the prescribed punishment (for false testimony) and held liable for the dowry due to having deceived the man. The woman must observe the waiting period ('iddah) and then return to her first husband."

3335 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ وَ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلَيْنِ شَهِدَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ غَائِبٍ عِنْدَ اِمْرَأَتِهِ بِأَنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا فَاعْتَدَّتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلزَّوْجَ اَلْغَائِبَ قَدِمَ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُطَلِّقْهَا وَ أَكْذَبَ نَفْسَهُ أَحَدُ اَلشَّاهِدَيْنِ فَقَالَ "لاَ سَبِيلَ لِلْأَخِيرِ عَلَيْهَا وَ يُؤْخَذُ اَلصَّدَاقُ مِنَ اَلَّذِي شَهِدَ وَ رَجَعَ فَيُرَدُّ عَلَى اَلْأَخِيرِ وَ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ تَعْتَدُّ مِنَ اَلْأَخِيرِ وَ لاَ يَقْرَبُهَا اَلْأَوَّلُ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا".

Hadith.3335 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub reported from Al-Ala and Abu Ayyub, who narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), regarding two men who testified against an absent man in the presence of his wife, claiming that he had divorced her. The woman observed her waiting period (iddah) and then remarried. Later, the absent husband returned, asserting that he had not divorced her, and one of the witnesses admitted to lying. Imam (as) said: "The second husband has no claim over her, and the dowry is to be taken from the witness who retracted his testimony and returned to the second husband. They must be separated, and the woman must observe the waiting period (iddah) from the second husband. The first husband may not approach her until her waiting period has ended."

3336 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَطَرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِنَّ شُهُودَ اَلزُّورِ يُجْلَدُونَ حَدّاً لَيْسَ لَهُ وَقْتٌ ذَلِكَ إِلَى اَلْإِمَامِ وَ يُطَافُ بِهِمْ حَتَّى يَعْرِفَهُمُ اَلنَّاسُ وَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ، ۝ وَ لاٰ تَقْبَلُوا لَهُمْ شَهٰادَةً أَبَداً وَ أُولٰئِكَ هُمُ اَلْفٰاسِقُونَ إِلاَّ اَلَّذِينَ تٰابُوا ۝ " قُلْتُ بِمَ تُعْرَفُ تَوْبَتُهُ قَالَ "يُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى رُءُوسِ اَلْأَشْهَادِ حَيْثُ يُضْرَبُ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنْ هُوَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَثَمَّ ظَهَرَتْ تَوْبَتُهُ".

Hadith.3336 - Ali ibn Matar narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as), that Imam (as) said: "False witnesses are subjected to a punishment of flogging, the duration of which is determined by the Imam. They are paraded so that people recognize them." Allah (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And do not accept their testimony ever, and those are the defiantly disobedient-except for those who repent.' (Surah An-Nur 24:4-5) I asked: 'How is their repentance recognized?' Imam (as) said: 'He must publicly declare his falsehood before the witnesses where he was punished, and seek forgiveness from his Lord (azj), the Almighty. If he does this, then his repentance becomes evident.'"

3337 - وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ : "لاَ يَنْقَضِي كَلاَمُ شَاهِدِ زُورٍ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيِ اَلْحَاكِمِ حَتَّى يَتَبَوَّأَ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ كَذَلِكَ مَنْ كَتَمَ اَلشَّهَادَةَ".

Hadith.3337 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said: "The speech of a false witness does not end before the judge without him having taken his seat in the Hellfire, and the same applies to one who conceals testimony."

3338 - وَ رَوَى صَالِحُ بْنُ مِيثَمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَشْهَدُ شَهَادَةَ زُورٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ لِيَقْطَعَ مَالَهُ إِلاَّ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ مَكَانَهُ صَكّاً إِلَى اَلنَّارِ".

Hadith.3338 - Salih bin Mitham narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "There is no man who gives false testimony against a Muslim to seize his wealth except that Allah (swt) writes for him a decree to Hell in its place."

3339 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : "فِي اَلشُّهُودِ إِذَا شَهِدُوا عَلَى رَجُلٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا عَنْ شَهَادَتِهِمْ وَ قَدْ قُضِيَ عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ ضُمِّنُوا مَا شَهِدُوا بِهِ وَ غُرِّمُوا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ قُضِيَ طُرِحَتْ شَهَادَتُهُمْ وَ لَمْ يُغَرَّمِ اَلشُّهُودُ شَيْئاً".

Hadith.3339 - Jamil bin Darraj narrated from someone who informed him about one of the Imams, peace be upon them, who said: "Regarding witnesses who testify against a man and then retract their testimony-if a judgment has already been passed against the man, the witnesses are held liable for what they testified and must pay compensation. However, if no judgment has been passed, their testimony is discarded, and the witnesses are not required to pay anything."