Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

1884 - رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَفْطَرَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُتَعَمِّداً يَوْماً وَاحِداً مِنْ غَيْرِ عُذْرٍ قَالَ «يُعْتِقُ رَقَبَةً أَوْ يَصُومُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ أَوْ يُطْعِمُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ تَصَدَّقَ بِمَا يُطِيقُ ».

Hadith.1884 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdullah (as), regarding a man who deliberately broke his fast during the Month of Ramadan for one day without any excuse. Imam (as) said: "He must free a slave, or fast for two consecutive months, or feed sixty poor people. If he cannot afford any of these, he should give charity to the extent of his ability."

1885 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ اَلْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَتَى اَلنَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ هَلَكْتُ وَ أَهْلَكْتُ فَقَالَ «وَ مَا أَهْلَكَكَ » قَالَ أَتَيْتُ اِمْرَأَتِي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَنَا صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً» قَالَ لاَ أَجِدُ قَالَ «فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ» قَالَ لاَ أُطِيقُ قَالَ «تَصَدَّقْ عَلَى سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً» قَالَ لاَ أَجِدُ فَأُتِيَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِعِذْقٍ فِي مِكْتَلٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «خُذْهَا فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهَا» فَقَالَ وَ اَلَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً مَا بَيْنَ لاَبَتَيْهَا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَحْوَجَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَّا فَقَالَ «خُذْهُ فَكُلْهُ أَنْتَ وَ أَهْلُكَ فَإِنَّهُ كَفَّارَةٌ لَكَ ».

Hadith.1885 - Abd al-Mu’min ibn al-Qasim al-Ansari narrated from Abu Ja'far (as): "A man came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and said: 'I have perished, and I have ruined myself.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) asked: 'What has ruined you?' The man replied: 'I had relations with my wife during the day in the Month of Ramadan while I was fasting.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Free a slave.' The man said: 'I cannot afford it.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) then said: 'Fast for two consecutive months.' The man replied: 'I am unable to do that.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Feed sixty poor people.' The man said: 'I cannot afford that either.' Then the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was given a basket containing fifteen sa' (a unit of measure) of dates. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Take this and give it in charity.' The man replied: 'By the One who sent you with the truth as a Prophet, there is no family between these two hills more in need of it than us.' The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Take it, and eat it with your family, for it will serve as your expiation.'"

1886 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «أَنَّ اَلْمِكْتَلَ اَلَّذِي أُتِيَ بِهِ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَ فِيهِ عِشْرُونَ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ ».

Hadith.1886 - In the narration of Jamil ibn Darraj from Abu Abdullah (as): "The basket that was brought to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) contained twenty sa' of dates."

1887 - وَ رَوَى إِدْرِيسُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَتَى أَهْلَهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ عِشْرُونَ صَاعاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَبِذَلِكَ أَمَرَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اَلرَّجُلَ اَلَّذِي أَتَاهُ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ.

Hadith.1887 - Idris ibn Hilal narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a man who had relations with his wife during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "He must provide twenty sa' of dates. This is what the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) instructed the man who came to him and asked about this matter."

1888 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلنُّعْمَانِ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «كَفَّارَتُهُ جَرِيبَانِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَ هُوَ عِشْرُونَ صَاعاً ».

Hadith.1888 - Muhammad ibn al-Nu'man narrated from Imam (as) that he was asked about a man who broke his fast for one day in the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "His expiation is two jars (jariban) of food, which is equivalent to twenty sa'."

1889 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ أَتَى اِمْرَأَتَهُ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ وَ هِيَ صَائِمَةٌ فَقَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ اِسْتَكْرَهَهَا فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَتَانِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ طَاوَعَتْهُ فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ وَ عَلَيْهَا كَفَّارَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَكْرَهَهَا فَعَلَيْهِ ضَرْبُ خَمْسِينَ سَوْطاً نِصْفِ اَلْحَدِّ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ طَاوَعَتْهُ ضُرِبَ خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَوْطاً وَ ضُرِبَتْ خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ سَوْطاً ».

Hadith.1889 - In the narration of al-Mufaddal ibn Umar from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who had relations with his wife while both were fasting, Imam (as) said: "If he forced her, he must bear two expiations. If she consented, then he must bear one expiation and she must bear one expiation. If he forced her, he is to be lashed fifty times, half the prescribed punishment. If she consented, he is to be lashed twenty-five times, and she is to be lashed twenty-five times as well."

1890 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ اَلْعِجْلِيِّ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ شَهِدَ عَلَيْهِ شُهُودٌ أَنَّهُ أَفْطَرَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ قَالَ «يُسْأَلُ هَلْ عَلَيْكَ فِي إِفْطَارِكَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِثْمٌ فَإِنْ قَالَ لاَ فَإِنَّ عَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ وَ إِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَعَلَى اَلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَنْهَكَهُ ضَرْباً ».

Hadith.1890 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Hisham ibn Salim, from Burayd al-Ijli, who said: Abu Ja'far (as) was asked about a man against whom witnesses testified that he broke his fast for three days during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "He is asked, 'Do you consider your breaking of the fast during Month of Ramadan to be a sin?' If he says, 'No,' then the Imam must execute him. If he says, 'Yes,' then the Imam must punish him with severe lashing."

1891 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ سَمَاعَةٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أُخِذَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ أَفْطَرَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ قَدْ رُفِعَ إِلَى اَلْإِمَامِ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ «فَيُقْتَلُ فِي اَلثَّالِثَةِ ».

Hadith.1891 - In the narration of Sama'ah from Abu Abdullah (as), he said: "I asked him about a man who was caught breaking his fast during the Month of Ramadan three times and was presented to the Imam three times. Imam (as) said: 'He is executed on the third occasion.'"

1892 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ خَرَجَ رُوحُ اَلْإِيمَانِ مِنْهُ وَ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُتَعَمِّداً فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ وَ قَضَاءُ يَوْمٍ مَكَانَهُ وَ أَنَّى لَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ. وأما الخبر الذي روي فيمن أفطر يوما من شهر رمضان متعمدا أن عليه ثلاث كفارات فإني أفتي به فيمن أفطر بجماع محرم عليه أو بطعام محرم عليه لوجود ذلك في روايات أبي الحسين الأسدي - رضي الله عنه - فيما ورد عليه من الشيخ أبي جعفر محمد بن عثمان العمري - قدس الله روحه -.

Hadith.1892 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Whoever breaks a fast during the Month of Ramadan, the spirit of faith departs from him. Whoever intentionally breaks a fast in the month of Ramadan must offer one expiation and make up a day in its place. But how can he ever truly replace it?"

1893 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ فَأَكَلَ وَ شَرِبَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قَالَ «لاَ يُفْطِرُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ شَيْءٌ رَزَقَهُ اَللَّهُ فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ».

Hadith.1893 - Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah (as) that he was asked about a man who forgot and ate or drank, then remembered. Imam (as) said: "His fast is not broken; it is something that Allah (swt) has provided for him. Let him complete his fast."

1894 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَمَّارُ بْنُ مُوسَى : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَنْسَى وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَجَامَعَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ «يَغْتَسِلُ وَ لاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ. قال مصنف هذا الكتاب - رحمه الله -: وذلك في شهر رمضان وغيره ولا يجب فيه القضاء هكذا روي عن الأئمة عليهم السلام.

Hadith.1894 - Ammar ibn Musa asked Imam (as) about a man who forgets while fasting and has relations with his wife. Imam (as) said: "He should perform ghusl (ritual bathing), and there is no penalty upon him."

1895 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ رِئَابٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَنْسَى أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ لِذَلِكَ جُمْعَةٌ أَوْ يَخْرُجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءُ اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ اَلصَّوْمِ ».

Hadith.1895 - Ali ibn Ri'ab narrated from Ibrahim ibn Maymun, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who becomes junub (in a state of ritual impurity) at night during the Month of Ramadan, then forgets to perform ghusl (ritual bathing) until a week passes or the Month of Ramadan ends. Imam (as) said: 'He must make up the missed prayers and the fasts.'"

1896 - وَ رُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ: «أَنَّ مَنْ جَامَعَ فِي أَوَّلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ نَسِيَ اَلْغُسْلَ حَتَّى خَرَجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ وَ يَقْضِيَ صَلاَتَهُ وَ صَوْمَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدِ اِغْتَسَلَ لِلْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يَقْضِي صَلاَتَهُ وَ صِيَامَهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ وَ لاَ يَقْضِي مَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ».

Hadith.1896 - It is narrated in another report: "If someone has intercourse at the beginning of the Month of Ramadan and then forgets to perform ghusl (ritual bathing) until the Month of Ramadan ends, he must perform ghusl and make up his prayers and fasts. However, if he performed ghusl for Jumu'ah (Friday prayer), then he only needs to make up his prayers and fasts up to that day and does not need to make up what comes after it."

1897 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اِبْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ اَلْقَمَّاطِ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَمَّنْ أَجْنَبَ فِي أَوَّلِ اَللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَنَامَ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ قَالَ «لاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ جَنَابَتَهُ كَانَتْ فِي وَقْتٍ حَلاَلٍ.

Hadith.1897 - In the narration of Ibn Abi Nasr from Abu Sa'id al-Qammat: Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about someone who became junub (in a state of ritual impurity) at the beginning of the night in the Month of Ramadan and then slept until morning. Imam (as) said: "There is no penalty upon him, as his state of janabah occurred during a permissible time."

1898 - وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ يُجْنِبُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَسْتَيْقِظُ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَيْقِظُ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ قَالَ «يُتِمُّ صَوْمَهُ وَ يَقْضِي يَوْماً آخَرَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَيْقِظْ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ أَتَمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَ جَازَ لَهُ ».

Hadith.1898 - Ibn Abi Ya'fur narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): "I asked him about a man who becomes junub (in a state of ritual impurity) during the Month of Ramadan, wakes up, then sleeps again, wakes up, and then sleeps again until morning. Imam (as) said: 'He should complete his fast but must make up another day. However, if he does not wake up until morning, he may complete his fast, and it is valid for him.'"

1899 - وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَقْضِي شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فَيُجْنِبُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ لاَ يَغْتَسِلُ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ آخِرُ اَللَّيْلِ وَ هُوَ يَرَى أَنَّ اَلْفَجْرَ قَدْ طَلَعَ قَالَ «لاَ يَصُومُ ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمَ وَ يَصُومُ غَيْرَهُ ».

Hadith.1899 - Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Imam (as) about a man who is making up a fast for the Month of Ramadan. He becomes junub (in a state of ritual impurity) at the beginning of the night but does not perform ghusl until the end of the night, thinking that dawn has already broken. Imam (as) said: "He should not fast that day but should fast on another day."

1900 - وَ سَأَلَهُ اَلْعِيصُ بْنُ اَلْقَاسِمِ : عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَنَامُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَيَحْتَلِمُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَيْقِظُ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ ».

Hadith.1900 - Al-'Is ibn al-Qasim asked Imam (as) about a man who sleeps during the Month of Ramadan, has a wet dream, wakes up, and then sleeps again before performing ghusl. Imam (as) said: "There is no harm."

1901 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَامَ ثُمَّ ظَنَّ أَنَّ اَلشَّمْسَ قَدْ غَابَتْ وَ فِي اَلسَّمَاءِ غَيْمٌ فَأَفْطَرَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اَلسَّحَابَ اِنْجَلَى فَإِذَا اَلشَّمْسُ لَمْ تَغِبْ قَالَ «قَدْ تَمَّ صَوْمُهُ وَ لاَ يَقْضِيهِ.

Hadith.1901 - Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl narrated from Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who was fasting and thought the sun had set because the sky was cloudy, so he broke his fast. Then the clouds cleared, and it became evident that the sun had not yet set. Imam (as) said: 'His fast is complete, and he does not need to make it up.'"

1902 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «وَقْتُ اَلْمَغْرِبِ إِذَا غَابَ اَلْقُرْصُ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ أَعَدْتَ اَلصَّلاَةَ وَ مَضَى صَوْمُكَ وَ تَكُفُّ عَنِ اَلطَّعَامِ إِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ أَصَبْتَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً».

Hadith.1902 - Hammad narrated from Hariz, from Zurara, who said that Abu Ja'far (as) said: "The time for Maghrib is when the disk of the sun disappears. If you see it again after that and you have already prayed, you must repeat the prayer, but your fast remains valid. Refrain from eating if you have consumed anything."